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教学设计Unit3Grammar andusage单元Unit3Looking good,feeling good板块Grammar andusage Question tagsThoughts on the design:本单元的第二个语法项目是反意疑问句笔者采取了从情景对话、规则到语感的高中英语语法教学思路强调了情景化的对话呈现、对比体验式的语法规则讲解,尤其是语感形成在英语语法教学中的重要作用针对本单元的语法项目进行有效教学,首先选取能激发学生兴趣的素材,考虑它的趣味性、情景性和实用性趣味性是指该素材能吸引学生的注意力,让他们产生学习兴趣;所谓情景性是指该素材应借助于一定的情景,有助于激发学生的想象力;实用性是指该素材包括本单元的语法项目,重点突出,又简单易懂附加疑问句的语调在具体的语境中起着至关重要的作用,所以本节课开始时借助于简单的课堂用语,既引出附加疑问句的类型,同时也运用正确的语调把要介绍的信息传达给学生借助与对话情景呈现所要教学的语法项目,让学生在故事或对话情景中体会和领悟语法规则,进而通过老师的引导、分析和适当的练习,巩固所学习的语法项目,最终达到语法规则运用自动化在本节课的巩固环节中充分利用现有教材资源并加以改编,让语法在一定的情景中进行操练,最后再通过让学生反复阅读,强化语感的培养和形成Teaching aims:
1.After reviewingthe usageof intonation,the studentswill beable tolearn how to readquestion;tags
2.After learningthe formsof thequestion tags,the studentswill learnwhat question tags are,and;in whatsituations theyare used
3.They willbe toldhowtouse differentintonations at the endof the sentences toexpress differentmeanings,and howto formquestion tags.Teaching procedures:Step1Lead-inGood morning.The bellisnt ringing,is itLets have a freetalk.Today Vm wearing a newdress.Iwant tofeel goodand lookgood.I alsofind oneof youwearinganew sweater.He isvery smart,isnt heOK,the bellis ringing,isnt itLet\begin our class,shall weTodaywe41learn question tags.肯定的陈述句+否定的附加疑问句LHe isvery smart,isnt he.否定的陈述句+肯定的附加疑问句2The bellisnt ringing,is it祈使句+附加疑问句
3.Lefs beginourclass,shall wePleaseread thesentences onthe screenin afalling intonation and a rising intonation,will you
1.a.X Yes.-----------------agreementb./Yes.---------------------question
2.a./All right.b.X All right.
3.a.X Thank you.b./Thank you.
4.a.X Good morning.b./Good morning.Do youthink thesentences havethe samemeaning indifferent intonationsNo.They havedifferent meanings.Look atthe screen.降调的表示同意对方的观点
1.a.Yes.-----“Yes.”升调的”表示疑问,意为“真的吗?”“是吗?b.Yes.——“Yes在回答对方的呼唤时使用,意为“什么事?”或者“怎么啦?”询问是否一切正常
2.a.All right.-----表示一切正常b.Allright.-----表示正式、严肃的感谢
3.a.Thank you.------这是出于礼貌而说的客气话b.Thankyou.------这是比较正式的问候
4.a.Good morning.-----熟悉的朋友之间较随意的问候方式b.Goodmorning.------[Explanation]本环节在上课之前,教师走进教室用肢体语言和在铃声要响之前的语境中第一次口头呈现本节课的语法项目用几个简单的课堂用语引出附加疑问句的三种类型附加疑问句的语调在此语法项目中起着至关重要的作用用最为简洁的日常用语来引入语调的学习预设情景,引出主题,发挥引入的三个作用,即引起兴趣、宣告主题和推进课程(首先呈现口语PPT4—6中出现的附加疑问句的内容,然后点击展现附加疑问句的类型,教师边展现边用正确的语调读出,然后用不同的语调简要读出几个日常用语中所遇见的情景)Step2IntonationWe shouldknow thatreading Englishin correct intonation isvery important.Lets look at aquestion tagonthescreen.How shouldwe read thesentencesYou still go to the gym every day,dont youYou stillgo to the gymevery day,dont you\Youstillgotothegymeveryday,don*t you/
1.When weuse aquestion tagto askfor agreement,we expectthe otherperson toagree withus.The questiontag has a risingintonation.
2.When weuse aquestiontagto askfor confirmation,we areactually askingabout somethingweare notsure about.The questiontag has arisingintonation.[Explanation]本节课的设计思路为从情景、规则到语感的高中英语语法教学思路,优化语言输入,可以激发语感形成所以语音语调在这一环节简要介绍,为最后的语感形成作好铺垫在外语教学中,语感被认为是一种重要的外语能力新课程标准提倡教师要引导学生用观察归纳和实践的方法学习语言知识,感悟语言功能,从而提高语言的综合运用能力()PPT7—8Step3Presentation
1.Please lookatthe pictures andreadthesentences incorrect intonation.Wow!I thinkthis blousewill makeme lookslim,wont itThisis reallydifficult butI feelso strong,dont IYoumust getenough sleepto stayhealthy,mustnt youEatingmore fruitmakes mefeel better,doesnt it
2.Read thedialogue andpay attention tothe underlined sentences.A DirtyCarJohn,Peter andMark arebrothers.Their fatherhas anew car,and theyclean itfor him,arentthey It must have just rained,and thecar isvery dirty,isnt itJohn islooking at it,and he is talkingtoPeter.John:The carhas hardlybeen cleanedfor afew days,has itPeter:No,it hasnt.Ifs very dirty.John:Someone oughtto clean it today,oughtnt they/shouldnt theyPeter:Mark has to clean it,doesnt heIt must be histurn,isnt it
3.hn:No,he cleanedit lasttime.It5s yourturn.Peter:No,it isnt.You alwaysclean itafter Mark.John:Oh dear,is itreally myturn Inthat case,Pll clean it tomorrow.Peter:Clean it now,will youOnly lazypeople saytheyll worktomorrow,dontthey John:Then Illclean itthe dayafter tomorrow.Peter:You arelazy.You oughtto beashamed.I think you should enjoy working,shouldnt you[Explanation]笔者利用的四张图片引出附加疑问句的部分用法引导学生关注句“Welcome tothe unit.”子中的附加疑问句部分,并运用在第一环节所教授的语调规则进行反复诵读、理解并体会黑体部分在不同句子中的意义及功能的异同学生基本上可以利用已有的语法知识推断某些黑体部分在句子中的语法功能及其含义若有疑问,学生之间可以先讨论,确实无法解决时再寻求老师的帮助(用的情景引出附加疑问句的语调和不同的构成类型PPT9—13,“welcome tothe unit”呈现一篇情景对话含有附加疑问句,教师可让学生快速理解对话内容,运用正确的PPT14—17,语调进行朗读,关注划线的部分,深刻体会)Step4Question TagsAskthe studentsto readand researchthe givensentences aboutQuestiontags.Discuss somelawsof theuse ofquestion tags.Someone oughtto cleanit today,oughtnt they/shouldn11they当陈述句的主语是、、或
1.everybody everyone,someone,no one,nobody somebody不定人称代词时,附加疑问句中的主语一般用但在很正式的语体中也可使用如果主语they,heo是、、、、时,附加疑问句的主语用everything somethinganything nothingthis thatitoThe carhas hardlybeen cleanedfor afew days,has it当陈述句带有、等
2.seldom hardlynever rarelylittle nobodynowhere few,nothing否定词或半否定词时,附加疑问句的动词用肯定形式Their fatherhasanew car,and theycleanitfor him,dont theyIt must havejust rained,and thecar isverydirty,isn*tit陈述部分是并列句时,附加疑问部分的主语应与邻近分句的主语一致
3.Only lazypeople saytheyll worktomorrow,dont theyI thinkyoushouldenjoyworking,shouldnt you陈述句部分是复合句时、附加疑问句部分的主语与主句主语一致但如果陈述部分的主
4.语是、、等结构时,附加疑问句部分则应与从句中的主语和谓语动词IthinkI suppose,I believe一致但要注意否定前置的情况Their fatherhasanew car,doesnt he/hasn*t heMarkhastocleanit,doesnt he陈述句部分有表示“有”含义的动词时、附加疑问句中的动词部分可以用
5.have/has或形式而当陈述句部分的不表示“有”时,附加疑问句have/has/had do/does/did have/has中的动词部分需用形式do/does/did heyIt mustbe histurn,isnt it陈述部分的动词是且表示目前情况的猜测时,附加疑问句部分的动词要用
6.mustbe,be的各种人称变化形式,Itmusthavejust rainedhasnt itItmusthave rainedyesterday,didnt it陈述部分的谓语是,表示对过去情况的猜测时,附加疑问句中的动词
7.“must+have done”部分需用(有明确的时间状语)或(无明确的过去时间状语或有与现在相关的时did have/has间状语)Clean it now,will youLetus cleanitnow,will youDon*t cleanitnow,will youLetscleanitnow,shall we在祈使句中,附加疑问句部分一般用、、、,有时也可
8.“will you“won you“would you用、、、等,可根据语气选择如果是开头的句子用“can you“can you“could you”“Lets”“shall we”[Explanation]学生读完对话情景之后,根据学生对情景的理解程度,可以考虑如何处理情景中的句子所反映的语法规则,从语言情景的呈现转向语言呈现的过程笔者采用两种策略一是直接讲解,多数学生根据有关语法知识,完全可以理解情景中的含义,只需要作出总结(、两条规则)12二是采用对比讲解,对于涉及的、、、、、六条语法规则就可运用此法345678(通过呈现对话中的划线句子,让学生讨论,发现特点,确定附加疑问句的规PPT18—27则,先出示句子,再展现规则)Step5PracticeThere aresome specialusages ofquestion tags.Ask studentsto gothrough thegrammar usageandfinish thefollowing.Now lefsdo someexercises andyou willchoose aletter todecide whichone youwill do.[Explanation]理解和掌握语法规则之后,学生还需要在具体的语境中灵活地运用这些规则在此阶段,适当的习题训练能进一步帮助学生强化和巩固所学的语法规则需要注意的是,设计的练习既要有一定的情景性、趣味性,又要多样性笔者采用展示、、、、、、、张可爱A BC DE FG HA的女生头像让学生先选择字母再根据所选字母确定所答的题目,增加了神秘感并且有一个字母图片下没有设置题目,选到的同学会觉得自己非常幸运还有一道题是规则中没有提到的:如果学生选到了,不会做,老师可让学生发表自己的看法,最后老师作简要讲解这一环节是本节课的高潮部分(让学生任选一字母确定所做的题目,例如点击PPT28—37,I chooseB,B头像,会出现题目,再点击右下角的按钮,返回选题并不是每个图像下都有题可做,当选到没有题的时候,学生感到非常幸运,气氛非常热烈)Step6Consolidation
1.Read thefollowing dialogueand completeit withthe correctquestion tags.P51Part AEric:Carol,come andlookatthis oldphoto,will youLook,this isMum andthis isDad.But Idontknow anyoneelse inthe photo.You knowwho theyare,1,Carol:Let mehavealook.Wow!Thafs UncleSam.He looksreally youngin thisphoto.Now hesin Paris,2Eric:Yeah.He wentthere lastmonth.Oh,I knowwho theboy is.Carol:Which boyThe tallerone Eric:No.The onewho isstanding withMum anddad.Hes ourcousin Rob.Carol:Oh,yes.He doesntlike talkingtoo much,3Eric:No,heisvery quiet.Who isthe slimyoung ladyShe lookspretty,4Carol:You meanthe onesitting inthe chairreading Ithink shesEllen,Mums bestfriend.Theman besideher isDave.Theyre married,now,5Eric:Yes.Are theycoming tospend theirsummer holidayhere asusual Carol:Yes,but theydidnt comelast summer.Dave hasreally changeda lot.Hes putonalot ofweight.You canhardly recognizehim inthe photo,6Eric:Everyone inthepictureseems tohave puton someweight,7Carol:Thats theinteresting thingabout oldphotos--------------you canalways seehow muchtimehas passedsince theywere taken,8Eric:Exactly!
2.Pay specialattentiontotheunderlinedsentences andchange themwith question tags.
3.Read thenew dialoguesin con-ectintonation.[Explanation]经过了情景式的语言材料呈现、对比体验式的语法规则讲解和多样化的巩固练习,语法教学似乎大功告成但如果仅满足于这个阶段,那只不过是实现了掌握规则、应付考试的目的,还远达不到提高语言实际运用能力的目的语感的形成才能真正反映学生语言运用能力的提高因此笔者充分利用课本的练习,重新设计了部分情景对话练习,运用正确的语音语“P51Part A”调,优化语言的输入,激发语感的形成通过朗读、背诵,强化语感形成Step7Homework
1.Finish workbookexercises onPl
04.Complete thesentences withthe correctquestiontag.
2.There aresome specialusages ofquestiontags.Ask studentsto lookup themin somematerials.[Explanation]课外作业设计了两个部分,完成的练习属于基本练习,由于面对的是刚刚进入workbook高一的学生,附加疑问句的用法,只介绍了部分常规用法,还有深层次的语法规则或高考中的考点,让学生利用课余时间进行探究式学习,来解决第二部分的练习。
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