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济宁市第一中学学年度第一学期阶段性检测2023-2024高一英语试卷
2023.12第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题海小题
1.5分，满分
7.5分）听下面5段对话每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题每段对话仅读一遍
1.Which flowerdoes Ericwant togrow in the futureA.The daisy.B.The rose.C.The sunflower.A.Co-workers.B.Classmates.C.Friends.
2.What is the probablerelationship betweenthe speakersA.A weekendplan.B.A college.C.Neighbors.
3.What are the speakersmainly talkingaboutA.Excited.B.Indifferent.C.Interested.
4.How doesthe womansound in the end
5.What doesthe womanmeanA.The manshould becareful.B.The manshould pay€500first.C.The manshould callback to make sure.第二节（共15小题;每小题
1.5分,满分
22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间每段对话或独白读两遍听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题
6.What happenedto theold manin theshopping centerA.He losthis dog.B.He madehis clothesdirty.C.He forgotwhat he was doingthere.
7.Who savedthe littlegirlD.By measuringthe survivingamount ofchemicals.
14.What canwe inferfrom thenew studyA.Modern humanscame into being inEast Africa.B Mrs Pies travelledand had children withEast Africanrelatives.C.The history of modern humans might begin
3.5million yearsago.D.Ape-like species from Africacould haveinteracted witheach other.
15.Which of the followingcan bethe besttitle of the passageA.Historical PuzzleUnsolved B.Ancestor Mystery SolvedC.Mrs Pies:The EarliestHuman BeingD.Mrs Pies:A FamousSkull【答案】
12.C
13.D
14.D
15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文文章主要讲的是科学家们解开了一个关于现代人的谜题，研究表明，在南非发现的一个著名的人类祖先头骨比专家们认为的要早万年这一发现改变了我们对人类历史的认识100【题详解】12细节理解题根据第一段的uScientists havesolved a puzzle aboutmodern humans,after researchshowed that a famous科学家们解开了一个关skull of a human ancestor found in South Africa is a million years older than experts thought^于现代人的谜题，研究表明，在南非发现的一个著名的人类祖先头骨比专家们认为的要早万年）”和第二100段的（这个被科学家命名为夫人”的头骨）”可知，“The skull,which scientistshave named“Mrs Pies”“Pies“Pies夫人”比科学家预期的要早万年故选100C【题详解】13细节理解题根据第三段的“They measuredthe amountof certainchemicals inrocks,which format asteady ratewhen（他们测量了岩石中某些化学物质的含量，当它们暴露在地球表they are exposed to cosmic rayson Earths surface.面的宇宙射线中时，这些化学物质会以稳定的速度形成）”可知，科学家通过测量化学物质的含量来得到“Pies夫人”的准确年龄故选D题详解】34推理判断题根据最后一段的“In otherwords,the groupscould quiteeasily havemet,had childrentogether andboth（换句话说，这两个群体很容易相遇，一起生儿育女，都是现代人类历been part of the historyof modern humans.史的一部分）”可知，我们能从这项新研究中推断出来自非洲的类人猿物种可能相互交流故选Do【题详解】15主旨大意题通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Scientists havesolved apuzzle aboutmodern humans,after researchshowed科学家们解that a famous skull ofa humanancestorfound inSouth Africais a million years older thanexperts thought4开了一个关于现代人的谜题，研究表明，在南非发现的一个著名的人类祖先头骨比专家们认为的要早万年）”100可知，本文主要讲的是科学家们解开了一个关于现代人的谜题，研究表明，在南非发现的一个著名的人类祖先头骨比专家们认为的要早万年，因此最好的题目是选项100B Ancestor（祖先之谜已解）故选MysterySolvedB第二节（共5小题;每小题
2.5分,满分
12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项选项中有两项为多余选项Imagine achild standingon adiving boardfour feethigh and asking himselfthe question:Should Ijump”This iswhatmotivation orthe lackof itcan do.Motivation andgoal settingarethe two sidesof samecoin.16Like thechild on the divingboard,you willstay undecided.17More thanthat,how should you staymotivated to achieve thegoal First,you need to evaluateyourself,yourvalues,your strengths,your weaknesses,your achievements,your desires,etc.Only thenshould youset your goals.You alsoneed tojudge thequality anddepth ofyour motivation.This isquite important,because itis directlyrelatedto yourcommitment.There aretimes whenyour heartis notin yourwork.18So,slow downand thinkwhat youreally青晰）want to do atthat moment.Clarity ofthoughts can help youmove forward.Another wayof settingrealistic goalsis toanalyze yourshort andlong termobjectives,keeping inmind yourbeliefs,values andstrengths.Remember thatgoals areflexible.19They alsoneedto be measurable.You mustkeep thesepoints inmindwhile setting yourgoals.Your personalcircumstances areequally important.For example,you maywant to be apilot butcant become onebecause youreyesight isnot goodenough.20You shouldreassess yourgoals,and motivateyourself toset afresh goal.You willsurely needto overcomesome difficulties,some planned,but mostunplanned.You cannotovercome themwithout ample motivation.Make surethat youplan forthese difficultiesat the time ofsettingyourgoals.A.This canaffect yourwork.B.So howshouldyoumotivate yourselfC.However,this shouldnot discourageyou.D.So whyshould wetry toset specificgoalsE.They canchange accordingto circumstances.F.Motivation iswhat youneed mostto doa goodjob.G.Without motivation,you canneither seta goalnor reachit.【答案】
16.G
17.B
18.A
19.E
20.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文文章介绍了动机和目标的关系以及如何激发动机并设定切实可行的目标【题详解】16上文说“动机和目标设定是同一枚硬币的两面”，下文说“就像孩子在跳水台，你会犹豫不决，该空承上启下，选项“没有动力，你就既不能设定目标，也无法实现它”切题，故选G G【题详解】17上一段阐述了动机和设定目标的关系，强调了动机的重要性，本队进一步讲如何激励自己并保持动力来实现目标选项“那么你应该如何激励自己呢？”承上启下，故选B B【题详解】18上文说“有时候你的心不在工作上”，下文说“所以，减慢速度，想一想那时候，你到底想干什么”该空承上启下，选项“这会影响你的工作”切题，故选A A【题详解】上文说“记得，目标是灵活的”该空承接上文，选项“它们会根据环境的改变而改变”切题，19E故选E【题详解】上文说“你可能想当一名飞行员，但是不能成为一名飞行员，因为你的视力不够好”下文说20“你应该重新评估你的目标，并且设定一个新的目标”该空承上启下，选项“然而，这不应该使你气馁”C切题，故选C第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题海小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项He hadthe typicallifestyle ofa busymanager.He was always oncall and always had problems to
21.Due tothis stressfulschedule therewasnt much opportunity for his young family to see him.In mysimple,innocent mindhis22meant otherpeople weremore important.But onChristmas Day,when I was tenyearsold,I was given a
23.It was an unusualgift fora24girl who preferredclimbing treesto playing dress-up.Confused butalso completely
25.1studied the dollhouse,all thedetailsand finishes.On ayard coveredby grassmounted atwo-story farmhouse.Inside,it hada kitchen,bathroom andtwo（假小子）bedrooms beggingfor decorations.26my tomboytendencies,my mindstarted torun27with ideasto make this beautiful farmhouse come to life.What Ididnt knowthen,was that the greatestgift wasnot actuallythe dollhousebut thefact thatmy fatherbuilt it（墙板）himself.He28to squeezein attaching siding and painting the foundation betweenmeetings.He would29late andget upearlier in the morningsto doa littlemore eachday.This wasnot a small taskfora mannot knownfor hishandiness.However,my dadlovingly madeit30his own.On ChristmasDay heproudly showedme all the3]of the dollhouse hehad32overfor months:the33hed paintedmany timesto giveit theperfect color and the first piecesof furniturehedpicked out to getme startedon thedecorating.And heeven34that despitemy tomboy interests,Iwould still love that dollhouse.The giftstarted merealizing thathis absencewasnt atall abouthim findingother thingsmore importantthan hisfamily.35,hewasworking painstakinglyto createa lifefor allof us,with thesame careand devotion
21.A.debate B.revise C.solve D.focus
22.A.attraction B.appearance C.absence D.attempt
23.A.dress B.dollhouse C.furniture D.foundation
24.A.lonely B.handy C.rough D.tough
25.A.attracted B.addicted C.annoyed D.anxious
26.A.BecauseB.Besides C.With D.Despite
27.A.wildB.curious C.wide D.positive
28.A.tendedB.failed C.afforded D.managed
29.A.stay behindB.stay upC.sign up D.make up
30.A.on B.by C.in D.ofthat hehad putinto thatdollhouse forme.
31.A.accommodations B.styles C.features D.flats
32.A.looked B.got C.took D.labored
33.A.architecture B.apartment C.stadium D.foundation
34.A.recognized B.admitted C.scheduled D.admired
35.A.Above allB.In conclusionC.In factD.Instead of【答案】
21.C
22.C
23.B
24.C
25.A
26.D
27.A
28.D
29.B
30.A
31.C
32.D
33.D
34.A
36.Thanks to your help,we accomplishedthe taskahead ofs【答案】schedule##chedule【解析】【详解】考查名词句意多亏了你的帮助，我们提前完成了任务根据句意和首字母提示，用名词schedule作宾语，构成固定短语意为“提前”,用时间状语故填ahead ofschedule,schedule.（根据首字母单词拼写）
37.The cityhas beenbuilt upso fastthat ithas changedbeyond r【答案】recognition##ecognition【解析】【详解】考查名词句意这个城市建设得如此之快，完全变了模样结合句意及首字母提示可知，此处使用名词“认出”，不可数名词,作介词的宾语,“完全变了模样”，故填recognition beyondbeyond recognitionrecognition（根据首字母单词拼写）
38.Helen Kellernever gaveup andalways tookapattitude towardslife.【答案】positive##ositive【解析】【详解】考查形容词句意海伦・凯勒从不放弃，而且总是对生活持积极的态度根据句意和首字母提示可知，应填积极的”作定语，故填positive”positive.（根据首字母单词拼写）
39.Your artskills areexcellent andadmirable,which leavesme a deep i【答案】impression##mpression【解析】【详解】考查名词句意你美术水平非常优秀，令人钦佩，给我留下了深刻的印象根据句意及首字母提示可知，名词“印象”符合题意，作宾语，可数名词，由空前的可知应用名词单数形式，故填impression“a”impressiono.（根据首字母单词拼写）
40.Tm writinga letterto expressmy sincerea forthe giftyou havesent tome【答案】appreciation##ppreciation【解析】【详解】考查名词句意我写这封信是为了表达我对你送给我的礼物的真诚感谢结合句意及首字母提示可知，“感谢”，不可数名词，在句中作动词的宾语，故填appreciation express”appreciation（紧急情况）.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）
41.We shoulddevelop theability tokeep calmin an【答案】emergency【解析】【详解】考查名词句意我们应该培养在紧急情况下保持镇静的能力根据汉语提示可知，“紧急情况”，可数名词，由空前的可知此处应用名词单数形式，在句中作介词的宾语，故emergency“an”in填emergency（灾难）（根据汉语提示单词拼写）
43.It isgenerally acceptedthat theChinese isone of the oldestinthe world.【答案】civilization##civilisation【解析】【详解】考查名词句意人们普遍认为中国文明是世界上最古老的文明之一根据汉语提示可知，“文明”，不可数名词,作主语从句的主语，故填civilization/civilisation civilization/civilisation（多样化）（根据汉语提示单词拼写）
44.More andmore peoplechoose toshop ina supermarketas itoffers of goods.【答案】varieties【解析】【详解】考查名词句意越来越多人选择在超市购物，因为它提供各种各样的商品根据汉语提示可知，“多样化”，名词，固定短语各种各样的”，修饰名词故填variety varietiesofgoodsvarieties（实验）（根据汉语提示单词拼写）
45.These haveshowed thatour bodyclocks areaffected bylight andtemperature.【答案】experiments【解析】【详解】考查名词句意这些实验表明，我们的生物钟受到光和温度的影响根据汉语提示可知应用名词作主语，结合可知用复数故填experiment,these experiments第三节单句语法填空（共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分）阅读下列各句，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式（用适当的词填空）
46.Dont refertoyournotes whenanswering questions,you【答案】will【解析】【详解】考查反意疑问句句意回答问题时不要看笔记，好吗？此处是反意疑问句，陈述部分是祈使句的否定式，疑问部分用故填“will you,will（）（所给词的适当形式填空）
47.She pretendeddo herhomework whenher mothercame in.【答案】to bedoing【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词句意她妈妈进来时，她假装在做作业“假装做某事”，结合pretend todo sthwhen可知，此处指“她假装正在做作业”，表示正在发生的动作，应用动词不定式的进行式,故her mothercame in填to bedoing（）（所给词的适当形式填
48.According to the expert,the templehas ahistory date back to the earlyTang Dynasty.空）【答案】dating【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词句意据专家介绍，这座寺庙的历史可以追溯到唐朝早期动词短语dateback to和逻辑主语之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词，作后置定语故填“history”dating（用适当的词填空）
49.Kate,sister Ishared aroom withwhen we were atcollege,has goneto workin Australia.【答案】whose【解析】【详解】考查定语从句句意已经去澳大利亚工作了，她的妹妹在我们上大学时和我同住一个房间Kate分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是应用关系代词引导从句，在定语从句Kate,whose中作定语，修饰名词故填sister whose（适
50.The bossofthecompany istrying to create an easy atmospherehis employeesenjoy theirwork.当形式填空）【答案】where【解析】【详解】考查定语从句句意该公司的老板试图创造轻松的氛围，这样他的员工就可以从中享受到工作的乐趣此处为定语从句修饰先行词且先行词在从句中作地点状语，故要用故填aneasyatmosphere,where whereo第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）.假定你是李华，上周你校组织了一场交通安全知识讲座请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括
51.参加人员；
1.讲座过程；
2.活动意义3注意写作词数应为左右；
1.
80.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答2A.Her dog.B.A formerathlete.C.Her sister.听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题
8.Who isprobably JackA.The womansneighbor.B.The womanshusband.C.The womansbrother.
9.Where didthe womango thismorningA.To thegrocery.B.To thebackyard.C.To thepolice station.
10.What dowe knowabout the womanA.She didntlock thefront door.B.She forgot to turnoff theTV.C.Her windowwas broken.听下面一段对话，回答第n至第13三个小题
11.What doesthewomandoA.She isa cook.B.She isa waitress.C.She isa restaurantowner.
12.What kindof soupis the man goingto haveA.Chicken soup.B.Tomato soup.C.Mushroom soup.A.Ice cream.B.Cake.C.Jelly.
13.What doesthemanorder fordessert听下面一段对话，回答第14至第16三个小题
14.What wasSonyas majorat firstA.Drama.B.English literature.C.Education.
15.How didSonya become an actressA.She beganacting inchildhood.B.She wasdiscovered bya director.C.She waspersuaded byher roommate.
16.When didSonya actin FamilyLivesA.In
2010.B.In
2012.C.In2018听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题
17.When wasToni MorrisonbornA.In
1931.B.In
1950.C.In
1967.
18.What isMorrisons firstbookA.The BluestEye.B.Song ofSolomon.C.Tar Baby.A Lectureon TrafficSafety【答案】参考范文A Lectureon TrafficSafetyAll theteachers andstudents in our schoolparticipated ina lectureon traffic safety,which washeld in our schoollastweek.The trafficpolice fromour cityshowed ussome picturesof typicaltraffic accidents.Moreover,they sharedsometraffic rules with us.Finally,they advisedus topay moreattention totrafficsafety.The eventhad greatsignificance.Through it,we learnedmuch knowledgeof trafficsafety.More importantly,afterthe event,we knewhow tohandle emergenttraffic problemsand ensureour safety.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文要求考生就学校组织交通安全知识讲座写一篇报道【详解】.词汇积累1参力口一participate injoin in止匕夕卜moreover—besides集中注意力pay attentionto—focus attentionon解决handle—solve.句式拓展2简单句变复合句原句Moreover,they sharedsome trafficrules withus.拓展句Moreover,they sharedsome trafficruleswithus,which keepus fromaway fromdanger.【点睛1[高分句型1]All theteachers andstudents inour schoolparticipated ina lectureon trafficsafety,which was（运用了引导的非限定性定语从句）held inour schoollast week.which[高分句型2]More importantly,after theevent,we knewhow tohandle emergenttraffic problemsand ensureour safety.（运用了特殊疑问词做宾语）how+todo第二节（满分25分）阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事
52.It wassummer,and my dad wanted to treatmetoa vacationlike neverbefore.He decided to takemeona tripto theWildWest.We tooka planeto Albuquerque,a bigcity inthe stateof NewMexico.We reachedAlbuquerque inthe lateafternoon.Upon Paul,my dadsfriend,picked us up fromthe airportand droveus up to his farm inPecos.His wifeTina cookedus adelicious dinnerand wegottoknow hissons Ryanand Kyle.My dadand Ispent thenightin theguestroom ofthe farm house listeningto thefrogs andwater rollingdown the river nearby.Very earlyinthemorning,Uncle Paulwoke usuptohave breakfast.The daystarts atdawn onmy fhrmJ hesaid.After breakfast,I wentto helpAunt（口乞草）.Tina feedthe chickens,while my dad wentwith Uncle Paul to take thesheep outto grazeI wasimpressed toseemy dadand Uncle Paul ridinghorses.They lookedreally cool.In theafternoon,I askedUncle Paulif Tcould takea horseride,and hesaid yes,as long as mydad wentwith me.Iwasnt goingto takea horseride bymyself anyway.So,mydadand Iput onour newcowboy hats,got onour horses,andheaded slowlytowards themountains.4€Don,tbelate forsupper/9UnclePaulcried,“and keepto thetrack（足迹；踪迹）so thatyou dontget lost!”“OK!”mydadcried back.After awhile UnclePaul andhisfarm house wereout ofsight.It was（松树）so peacefuland quietand thecolors ofthe brownrocks,the deepgreen pinetrees,and thelate afternoonsun mixed（编织的）注意tocreatea magicscene.It lookedlike abeautiful wovenblanket spreadout upon the groundjust forus.续写词数应为左右；L
150.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答2Paragraph1Suddenly a little rabbit jumped out in front of my horse.Paragraph2We hadno ideawhere wewere andit wasgetting dark.【答案】Paragraph1Suddenly alittle rabbitjumped out in frontof myhorse.Dad andI foundit wasso cutethat wedecidedtorun afterit.After awhile,wewerecompletely lost inthe forest.There wasnothing leftinoursight butthe trees.“We maynot beableto make it back tothefarmhousein timefbr supper.,,I thoughtto myself.After aseries ofuseless attemptsto find a wayout,we felthungry andtired.Paragraph2We hadno ideawhere wewere andit wasgetting dark.We gotstuck intheforest.And anunexpected showeraddedto thedifficulty ofus infinding a way homefor allthe trackswe hadmade disappearedbecause ofthe rain.I wasalmost breakingdown whenmy fathersaid,Dont worry,my son.I rememberthere isa rivernear thefarmhouse.Find theriver andwe willbe backhome.Finally,we foundtheriver and gotback tothe housealong it.Needless tosay,we atea latedinner.【解析】【导语】本文以时间为线索讲述了父亲带儿子去“西部荒野”，喂鸡牧羊，体验农场生活；见父亲和叔叔骑马很是潇洒，儿子心生向往，于是亲身上马体验，在骑马的过程中发生的故事【详解】.段落续写1
①由第一段所给首句u Suddenlyalittlerabbitjumpedoutinfrontofmyhorse.（突然，一只小兔子跳到我的马前）”可知，这一句是故事发展的转折点，可从出现后带来的结果入手扩展开去，可以写看到可爱的兔子，父rabbit子俩去追兔子，结果迷路以及在这种情况下父子俩的反应
②由第二段所给首句（我们不知道自己身在何处，天渐渐黑We hadno ideawhere wewere andit wasgetting dark.了）”这一句呼应前文的嘱托一一不要误了晚饭，可从如何寻路返回入手去写续文UnclePaul.续写线索2追兔子——迷路——寻找出路——迷茫——困住——下雨——崩溃——找至出路——回家IJ.词汇激活3行为类
①追逐run after/go after
②迷路lostin/lose onesway
③找到出路findaway out/find onesway情感类
①疲惫tired/tired out/exhausted/worn out
②崩溃break down/fall apart【点睛】【高分句型】（运用了过去分词作定语）1There wasnothing leftinoursight butthe trees.【高分句型】（运用了祈使句陈述句固定句型）2Find theriverandwe willbe backhome.+and+听力答案1-5BACBA6-10CBAAB11-15BCABC16-20CAACBA.Four.B.Six.C.Eleven.
19.How manynovels didMorrison write
20.What didMorrison do in1993A.She wonher mostmoving honor.B.She gota NobelPrize.C.She publishedthe novelBeloved.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题，每小题
2.5分,满分
37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项Over the last century,engineers allover the world havemade effortstoachievegreat successin bridgedesign.Danyang-Kunshan GrandBridgeNo bridgeis aslongasthe Danyang-Kunshan GrandBridge intheworld.The
164.8-kilometre-longbridge builtin2011in Chinaoperates aspart ofthe Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway.The tripfrom Ningboto Jiaxingthatpreviously took
4.5hours hasbeen reducedto two,thanks tothis bridge.Rio-Niteroi BridgeCompletedin1974,the Rio-Niteroi Bridgein Brazilis thesecond-longest bridgein allof LatinAmerica connecting（箱the citiesof Rioand Niteroiacross theGuanabara Bay.The Rio-Niteroi Bridgeis technicallyknown asa“box-girder形梁）“（）（车辆）bridge,made ofspecial concrete.It receivesan astonishing140,000or morevehicles perday,makingit better known intheworld.Hartland Covered BridgeThe HarlandCoveredBridgeistheworlds longestcovered bridge.The1,282-foot-long bridgewas openedin1901and hasbeen onCanadas listof NationalHistoric Sitessince
1980.Although it was at first built withouta roof,the bridgewas capped with wooden materials during the repairs in
1921.Jiaozhou BayBridgeThe newly-built Jiaozhou Bay Bridgoin Chipawas named“worlds longestbridge over water“by GuinnessBook ofWorld Records in2011,a titlepreviously heldby theLake PontchartrainCauseway.The disputewas settledwhen the titleof longestcontinuous bridgeover water“wasgiventothecauseway,with theJiaozhou BayBridge receivingthetitleoflongest bridgeover water”
1.Which bridgeis famousasabusy oneA.Danyang-Kunshan GrandBridge.B.Rio-Niteroi Bridge.C.Hartland CoveredBridge D.Jiaozhou BayBridge.
2.What isspecial about the Hartland Covered BridgeA.It isthe longestbridge worldwide.B.It isover160kilometers.C.It hasa roof.D.It isa woodenbridge.
3.Where canyou findthe longestbridge on the seaA.In America.B.In Brazil.C.In Canada.D.In China.【答案】l.B
2.C
3.D【解析】【导语这是一篇应用文本文主要介绍了世界上四座著名的桥【题详解】1细节理解题根据第三段（）（车辆）“It receivesan astonishing140,000or morevehicles perday,making itbetterknown（它每天接收惊人的万辆（或更多）车辆，使其在世界上更加知名）”可知intheworld.14Rio-Niteroi Bridge以繁忙而闻名故选B【题详解】2细节理解题根据Hartland CoveredBridge部分中u Althoughitwasatfirstbuiltwithoutaroof,the bridgewascapped（虽然它最初是没有屋顶的，但在年的维修期间，桥上覆盖withwoodenmaterialsduringtherepairsin
1921.1921了木制材料）”可知，的特别在于有一个木质屋顶故选HartlandCoveredBridge C【题详解】3细节理解题根据部分中JiaozhouBayBridge“The newly-built JiaozhouBay Bridgoin Chipawas named“worldslongest bridgeoverwaterby GuinnessBook ofWorldRecordsin2011,a titlepreviously heldby theLake Pontchartrain（年，中国新建的胶州湾大桥被吉尼斯世界纪录评为“世界上最长的水上大桥”，此前该头衔Causeway.2011由庞恰特兰湖堤道保持）”可知，中国的胶州湾大桥是世界上最长的水上大桥故选DoBIn December2004,1had justbecome aprofessional photographerand wasworking ona projectabout communities（海上游牧民族）（部落）who liveonthesea,known assea nomads.I wasliving withmembers ofthe Chao-Ley tribeona smallisland insouthern Thailand.We didntshare alanguage andrelied onbody languageto communicate.I wentouttosea with them regularly.One morning,I wasdue toset out with agroup ofsix Chao-Ley fishermenin asmall boat.The sealooked different,with the water totallystill.About20minutes afterwe leftandafew milesoutinthe opensea,one ofthe fishermenpointed toasmallwhite spot（海啸）far inthe distance.It wasgetting biggerand biggervery quickly.This wasa tsunamiwave speedingthrough theocean.Usually,the deeperthe water,the weakerthe wave.But wewerent outfar enough to besafe,nor closeenough toshore tomakeit back in time.We werestuck.I beganto feelreally scared.The captaintold thesix ofus whereto sit,so wewould balanceout the boat.My camera was in my backpack.Iwanted to capture the scene,but Icouldnt.Any movementwould imbalancethe boat.Suddenly therewasahuge noise.（使突然转向）The wave hit the boat,but ina flashthe skilledcaptain managedto swerveusupand ontothe wave.Thenthe boatmoved fromthe tipofthe wave downinto safewaters.Our eyesand mouthswere wideopen,and everyonelet outheavysighs.The captainhad savedus all.Surviving gave meadeep understanding of how important life can be.Tve beengoing backto Southeast Asia almosteveryyear since.The photographyproject hasbecome athank-you tothe peoplewho savedmy life.The pictureI wantedtotake ontheboat remains“the onethat gotaway”-1think everyphotographer hasone.But mine changed my life.
4.What happenedbefore the author set outwiththe fishermenA.The captainwantedtocancel thetrip.B.He noticedsomething unusual.C.They sawa whitespot inthe distance.D.It lookedlike itwas about to rain.
5.When didthe authorstart to feel frightenedA.When fishermenontheboat feltnervous.B.When herealized theywere trapped.C.When theboat wasabouttobe hit.D.When theboat shookviolently.
6.What wasthe authordoing whenthe tsunamiwavehitthe boatA.Helping thecaptain swerve.B.Taking aphoto ofthe wave.C.Trying notto move.D.Reaching forhis backpack.
7.What didtheauthorlearn fromhis experienceA.We shouldhave thecourage totake risks.B.Opportunity neverknocks twice.C.Life istoo shorttobewasted.D.Sometimes regretsin lifecan saveus.【答案】
4.B
5.B
6.C
7.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文文章讲述了作者在与六个渔民乘坐一条小船出海时遭遇了海啸，英勇的Chao-Ley船长救了船上的所有人【题详解】4细节理解题根据第二段中“One morning,Iwasdue tosetoutwith agroup ofsix Chao-Ley fishermeninasmallboat.（一天早晨，我正要和一群六个渔民乘坐一条小船The sealooked different,withthewater totallystill.Chao-Ley出发大海看起来不一样了，海水完全静止了）可知，在作者和六个渔民准备出发时，作者注意Chao-Ley到了一些不寻常的大海看起来不一样了，海水完全静止了故选B【题详解】5细节理解题根据第四段“Usually,the deeperthewater,the weakerthewave.But wewerent outfar enoughtobesafe,（通常,水越深，波浪nor closeenoughtoshoretomakeitbackintime.We werestuck.I begantofeelreally scared.就越弱但我们还没到安全的地步，也没到及时回到岸边我们被困住了我开始感到非常害怕）可知，当作者意识到他们被困住的时候，开始感到害怕故选B【题详解】6推理判断题根据倒数第二段中“The captaintold thesix ofus whereto sit,so wewould balanceouttheboat.My（船camerawasinmybackpack.I wantedtocapturethescene,but Icouldnt.Any movementwould imbalancetheboat.长告诉我们六个人坐在哪里，这样我们就能使船平衡我的相机在我的背包里我想捕捉现场，但我做不到任何动作都会使船失去平衡）可知，为了让船能平衡，船长告知作者在内的六人坐在相应的位置尽管作者项拿出相机拍摄，但任何动作都会使船失去平衡可推知，海啸袭击船的时候，作者尽力保持不动故选C【题详解】7推理判断题根据最后——段u Survivinggavemeadeepunderstandingofhowimportantlifecanbe.Tve beengoingback toSoutheastAsiaalmost everyyear since.The photographyproject hasbecome athank-you tothe peoplewho savedmylife.The pictureI wantedtotakeontheboatremainsthe onethat gotaway-1think everyphotographer hasone.But（生存让我深刻理解了生命的重要性从那以后，我几乎每年都回东南亚这个摄影项目minechangedmylife.已经变成了对那些救我一命的人的感谢我想在船上拍的照片仍然是“那个侥幸逃脱的人”——我想每个摄影师都有一张但我的生活改变了我的人生）可知，经历了那次与死神的邂逅，作者深刻理解了生命的重要性虽说在那次灾难时，作为摄影者，作者没有拍到现场的照片，但船长的英勇让他们活了下来由此推知，从自己的经历中作者意识到有时候生活中的遗憾可以拯救我们故选DCArt and science mayseem likeopposite things.One meansthe creativeflow ofideas andthe othermeans cold,（数据）一hard datasome peoplebelieve.In fact,thetwohave muchin common.Now,a studyfinds artcan help studentsremember better what theylearned inscience class.Mariale Hardiman,an educationspecialist atJohns HopkinsUniversity,noticed thatstudents whoused artin theclassroomlistened morecarefully.They mightask morequestions.They mightvolunteer moreideas.Whats more,students seemedto remembermore ofwhat theyhad beentaught whentheir science lessons included art.To provethat,Hardiman teamedup withsome researchersand sixlocal schools.Tn theexperiment,the researchersworked withteachers in16fifth-grade classrooms.They providedtraditionalscience lessonsand art-focused ones.In theart-focused ones,they mightsing theinformation instead.（随机地）The teamrandomly dividedthe350students intoeither a traditional science classroom oran art-focusedone.Students thenlearned scienceusing thatway forthe wholeunit——about three weeks.When theychanged toa newtopic,they alsochanged tothe othertype ofclass.This way,each studenthad bothan art-focused classanda traditionalone.Every unitwas taughtin bothways,to differentgroups ofstudents.This enabledthe researchersto seehow studentsdid in both types of classes.The teamfound thatstudents who started offin traditionalclasses performedbetter afterthey movedinto anart-focused class.But thosewhostartedin anart-focused classdid welleven when they wentbacktoatraditionalscience（技巧）class.These studentsappeared touse someoftheart techniquesafter goingbacktoatraditionalclass.Classroomteachers reportedthat manystudents continuedto singthe songsthat theylearned afterfinishing theunit.“The morewehear something,the morewe retainit JHardiman says.It suggeststhat thearts mayhelp studentsapply creativeways oflearning on their own.”
8.What isthe purposeofthestudyA.To offergreat waysto teachart lessons.B.To findawayto helpstudents learnbetter.C.To seeif artandsciencehave alot incommon.D.To proveart mightbe usefulfor sciencelearning.
9.What werethe studentsrequired todointhe experimentA.Take twotypes ofclasses.B.Learn threeunits intotal.C.Learn twotopics forthreeweeks.D.Choose what they wouldlike tolearn.
10.What doesthe underlinedword“retain inthelastparagraph meanA.Improve.B.Express.C.Remember.D.Finish.
11.What isthe texttypeA.A researchreport.B.A bookreview.C.A shortstory.D.An artintroduction.【答案】
8.D
9.A
10.C
11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文文章主要介绍了一项研究发现艺术可以帮助学生更好地记住他们在科学课上学到的东西【题详解】8细节理解题根据第二段Whats more,students seemedto remembermore ofwhat theyhad beentaught whentheir（更重要sciencelessonsincludedart.To provethat,Hardiman teamedup withsome researchersand sixlocal schools.的是，当他们的科学课包括艺术课时，学生们似乎记得更多他们曾经学过的东西为了证明这一点，哈迪曼与一些研究人员和六所当地学校合作）可知，的研究是为了证明艺术对科学学习可能是有用Mariale Hardiman的故选D【题详解】9细节理解题根据第四段中（随机地）“The teamrandomly dividedthe350students intoeither atraditional scienceclassroomoranart-focused one.v（研究小组将350名学生随机分成两组，一组是传统的科学课堂，另一组是以艺术为主的课堂）以及（这使得研究“This enabledthe researcherstoseehow studentsdidinbothtypesofclasses.人员能够看到学生在这两种类型的课堂上的表现）可知，在实验中，学生被要求选两种类型的课故选A【题详解】10词句猜测题根据画线词后的“It suggeststhatthearts mayhelpstudentsapply creativeways oflearningontheirown.（这表明，艺术可以帮助学生应用创造性的自学方法）可知，艺术可以帮助学生应用创造性的自学方法，这是有助于学习的，即帮助学生记住一些东西，由此可推知，划线单词所在句子意为我们听到的越多，我们记住的就越多，划线词词义为“记住”提高；表达；A.Improve.B.Express.C.记住；完成故选Remember.D.Finish.C【题详解】11推理判断题通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中^Now,a studyfinds artcanhelpstudents rememberbetterwhatthey（现在，一项研究发现，艺术可以帮助学生更好地记住他们在科学课上学到的东西）learned inscienceclass.可知，文章主要介绍了一项研究表明，艺术可以帮助学生更容易记住科学课上学到的东西由此可推知，本文是一份研究报告故选ADScientists havesolved apuzzle aboutmodernhumans,after researchshowed thatafamousskullofahumanancestorfound inSouthAfricaisamillion yearsolderthanexpertsthought.This discoveryhas changedwhat weknow ofhumanhistory.The skull,which scientistshave namedMrs Pies”,is froman ape-like humanrelative froma speciescalled（南方古猿）.Australopithecus africanusIt wasfound nearJohannesburg in1947and,based onevidence fromitssurroundings,was thoughttobebetween
2.1and
2.6million yearsold.This puzzledscientists,because althoughMrs Pieslookslike apossible earlyancestor ofearly humans,the firsttrue humanshad alreadyevolved bythetimeshe apparentlylived.For thisreason,scientists haddecided thatAustralopithecus afarensis,a similarspeciesfromEast Africathat livedabout
3.5million yearsago,was ourmost likelyancestor instead.To geta moreaccurate agefor MrsPies,a teamled byProfessor DarrylGranger ofPurdue Universityin Indiana,US,used anew methodto datethe sandyrocks wherethe skulllay.They measuredthe amountof certainchemicals inrocks,which formatasteady ratewhentheyareexposedtocosmicrays（宇宙射线）on Earth9ssurface.Once rocksare buried,these chemicalsstop formingand slowlydisappear;the survivingamount revealshow muchtime haspassed sincethe rock（）or boneswere onthe surface.The newstudy showsthat MrsPies andother australopithecinebones nearbyare between
3.4and
3.7million yearsold.This meansthey livedatthesame timeas theirEast Africanrelatives,so thateither groupcould havegiven risetomodern humans.However,team memberDr LaurentBruxelles pointedout thatover millionsof years,at only2,500milesaway,these groupshad plentyof timeto traveland tobreed witheach other.In otherwords,the groupscould quiteeasilyhave met,hadchildrentogether andboth beenpartofthehistoryofmodernhumans.
12.What canwe learnabout MrsPies fromthefirsttwo paragraphsA.It isa skullfoundinEast Africa.B.It isthe mostpossible ancestorof humans.C.It isamillionyearsolderthan scientistsexpected.D.It isproved tolive between
2.1and
2.6millionyearsago.
13.How didscientists getthe accurateage ofMrsPies”A.By studyingthe effectof cosmicrays.B.By calculatingthe formingrate ofchemicals.C.By locatingthe sandyrocks wherethe skulllay.。
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