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情态动词一.情态动词基本用法和用在否定句和疑问句中,表示惊异,用在否定句和疑
1.问❶句ca中ncould,How couldyou do such asilly thing❷cannot....too/enough表示“无论・.・也不过分,越.・・越好”You can t betoo carefulwhile driving和的区分
2.may might❶表示许可、可能性、祝福等意义,might比may更委婉一■A:给别人许可时-May Iplay basketballthis afternoonB:may/might aswell+动原,最好,倒不如“may作“可以”讲时,疑问句回答用mustn t/can,t表示禁止❷的用法
3.Must表示禁止(用于否定中)❶You mustn t smokein thebedroom.表示偏执、固执❷-Could I have aword withyou,mum-Oh dear,if youmust.must的否定回答❸A:作必需讲时,疑问否定回答用don t have to,needn,tL B推想,确定讲时,回答用can t.情态动词答案1答案c解析考查情态动词的用法.句意为“假如你非得要抽烟,请到外面去抽.must(表示主见)确定要,坚持要.依据后一句please gooutside的要求,选C.2答案D解析:考查情态动词的用法.句意为“一一我真不喜爱James.你为何请了他一一别担忧.他可能来不了.他说他的支配还没支配好.”题干中的he wasn,t certain说明他可能不来,可能来,因此运用不完全否定might not.选D.3答案B解析考查情态动词的用法.句意为“现在一些年轻人就是不情愿走出家门接触真正的世界.”mustn t禁止,不允许;won t不情愿,就是不,偏不,具有主观性;mightn,t可能不;shouldn t不应当.依据句意选B.4答案B解析考查情态动词的用法.句意为“一一须要我现在就通知他支配有变吗一一唯恐你得这样做,以防他开会迟到.must(表示必要、吩咐或强制)必需,得.依据后半句,选B5答案C析考查情态动词的用法.句意为“一一你对将来的商店购物怎么看一一我个人认为会及在家购物并存,但商店购物不会被取代.”依据I thinkit willexist alongwith homeshopping,解除虚拟的选项D,这是表示将来的时间,考虑到被动语态,选C.6答案D解析考查情态动词的用法.句意为“一一你的新保姆怎么样一一找不到更好的了.我们的孩子们很喜爱她.”should应当;might可能,可以;mustn t禁止;couldn t不行能.依据句意选D.7答案A解析考查情态动词的用法.句意为“警方依旧没有找到失踪的孩子,但他们现在正在做他们所能做的一切.”can可以,能够;may可能,许可;must必需;should应当.依据句意,选A.8答案C解析考查情态动词的用法.句意为“一一昨晚你为什么没来参与Simon的聚会一一我想来的,但我妈妈就是不愿我这么晚出来.”could可以,能够,表示可能性或用于宛转语气;might可能,表示不确定;would情愿,偏要,表示意志;should应当,表示建议、吩咐、确定等.依据题意选C.9答案D解析考查情态动词的用法.句意为“一一妈妈,可以读一个故事给我听吗一一好的,假如你立刻上床睡觉的话.”shall用于陈述句中的其次、第三人称时,表示说话人的意图、承诺、警告、吩咐、决心等,题中是母亲对儿子的承诺,故选D.10答案A解析考查情态动词的用法.句意为“在打篮球方面没人能比得上姚明can可以,能够;need须要;must必需;might可能.故依据题意,选A.11答案C解析考查情态动词的用法.句意为“假如你非得走话,至少也要等到这暴风雨过去后can可以,能够;may可能,许可;must(表示主见)确定要,坚持要;will将要,情愿.依据后句的劝说,选C.12答案D.考点本题考查情态动词推想用法.解析句意为“杰克把他的父亲描述为一个意志坚毅的人,他的父亲多年前确定很英勇.”用must havebeen表示对过去事情的确定推想.13答案D考点情态动词解析don t have to意为“没有必要”,符合语境,句意为“你没有必要买礼物,但假如你想买的话,你也可以买.”14答案A考点考察情态动词的用法.解析must必需,确定can可以,能够may或许will意愿,倾向性动作,前半句说我告知你事实了,这里用的是现在完成时,表示过去的动作对现在造成了影响,既然我已经说了,我还必需重复一遍吗?15答案A考点本题考查情态动词的用法.解析句意应为“我原来不应当看那部电影的一一它会使我做噩梦的.”表示“原来不应当做而做了某事用shouldn t have done,所以A项正确.16答案A.考点考查情态动词.句意迈克原来不必要那么忙的.这么高速驾驶之后,他早半个小时到达了.解析依据后面的语境,提前半个小时到达,说明Mark原来不必那么匆忙,所以用needn thave done结构,表示“原来不必要做某事的而事实上做了”.17答案B考点考查情态动词.解析表恳求可用情态动词can,may,could,might,表允许用can,may.句意为“我可以将这本书带出去吗?”“唯恐不行”.故应选表情恳求的情态动词may.正确答案为B.18答案A句意耐性一点儿,你不能期望世界改变如此快.通过选项此题考察情态动词,cant在否定句中可以表示推想,译为不行能,可以表示实力,译为不能够,也可以表示吩咐,不允许,但是语气比mustnt弱,具有劝慰的意思,依据句意此题中选择A,cant表示劝慰.19答案B解析shall在其次人称中表示承诺,还可以表示强制,吩咐,威逼,警告.还有在法律条文中的要求或规定.20答案D解析考查情态动词.英语中用could,might表示询问或征求看法的问句中,确定性应答要用can或may来代替could或might,而may或might征求看法的问句否定应答时要用mustn t,故本题选D.21答案A解析情态动词考查.结合语境,依据情态动词用于疑问或否定推想时,要用can t.22答案can t/couldn,t havedone it考点情态动词解析当要对过去进行确定的推想时.,要用“can t/couldn t+have+done v的结构23答案C句意医生说熬炼对身体重要,但是必需是有规律的熬炼.解析考查情态动词.Can一般表示“可能,或实力”;will表示“意志”;may表示“许可,可能”;must表示“必需”.24答案B考点:本题考查情态动词在语境中的运用.解析第一个说话人说和史密斯小姐有约,那下面的人就回应说,〃那您确定就是Mrs.Peters了〃因此解除A,C.D25答案C考点情态动词C:mustn t表禁止一一May Iuse yourcar一一No,youmustn t./-Sorry,you,d betternot.(委婉)留意must强调内在职责,而have to强调迫于外界压力,不得已而为之的用法
4.❶sh一al、l三人称征求看法时恳求对方时Shall webegin ourclass二,三人称陈述句中,说话人给对方的吩咐,警告、承诺或威逼❷You shallnot getmy supportif youdosucha thing.和的区分
5.will would❶自愿主动提出,如意志、愿望或决心,would过去,will not表示拒绝I have told himagain andagain tostop smoking,but hewill notlisten.will习惯性动作,有“总是”或“总要”之意❷Everything hewill have a walkalong thisyear.would过去习惯性动作,比used to正式❸Last yearour Englishteacher wouldsometimes tellus storiesinEnglish afterClass.used」to do过去常,过去始终-------------只表示过去❹be usedto do“用来”/be usedto doing习惯于表示敢于情态dare doDare you go homealong可表过、现或将
6.dare及物dare todo Dothey dareto saywhat
7.用法情态need doshethinksneedneed doing被动My overcoatsneeds及物need todo表示主动washing.
8.must确定要,必需,应当(现在时)、have to客观须要,能用于更多时态(过去或将意ought to表示义务和责任“应当,比should语气强You ought to takecare ofyourself.二.情态动词表推想用法情态动适用场对将来和现在对过去的推想(情态动词+完成体)词合推想may/might havedone肯、否may/might domay/mig ht可能做过,本应做而实际未做can/cou否、疑can/could docan/could havedone本应做而实未做Id Couldcan thavedone不愿能做过,语气剧烈用来表示一种should havedone本应做而未做肯、否、估计的状况,shouldn thavedone不应当做should疑should do而做了oughttohave doneoughtto oughtto dooughtnot tohave doneneedn thavedoneneed needdo原来不必而实际已经发生了must havedonemust确定句must do确定发生了
1.Sorry,I mlate,I mighthave turnedoff thealarm clockandgo backagain.
2.The accidentcould havebeen avoided.
3.You shouldhave toldme aboutit earlier.
4.You oughtnot tohave saidsuch wordsto yourparents.
5.You needn thavewalked soquickly sincetime wasenough.
6.He must have completedhis work,otherwise,he wouldn t beenjoyinghimself byseaside.情态动词练习题L(2019全国卷II,8)If yousmoke,please gooutside.A.can B.should C.must D.may
2.(2019北京卷,24)-------1don,t reallylike James.Why didyouinvite him------Don tworry.He come.He saidhe wasnt certainwhat hisplans were.A.must notB.need not C.would notD.might not
3.(2019上海春招,27)some youngpeople thesedays justgoout of their homesto contactthe realworld.A.mustn tB.won tC.mightn tD.shouldn t
4.(2019福建卷,25)-----Shall Iinform himof thechange oftheschedule rightnow------1am afraidyou,in casehe comeslate forthe meeting.A.will B.must C.may D.can
5.(2019安徽卷,26)------What doyou thinkof storeshoppingin thefuture------Personally,I thinkit willexist alongwith homeshopping but.A.will neverreplace B.would neverreplaceC.will neverbe replacedD.would neverbe replaced6(2019浙江卷,11)--How syour newbabysitter------We askfor abetter one.All ourkids loveher somuch.A.should B.might C.mustn tD.couldn t
7.(2019四川卷,20)The policestill havent foundthe lostchild,butthey redoing allthey.A.can B.may C.must D.should
8.(2019重庆卷,25)-----Why didnt youcome toSimon spartylast night------I wantedto,but mymom simplynot letme outso lateat night.A.could B.might C.would D.should
9.(2019陕西卷,24)-----Will youread mea story,Mummy------OK.You haveone ifyougoto bedas soonas possible.A.might B.must C.could D.shall
10.(2019湖南卷,28)No onebe comparedwith YaoMingin playingbasketball.A.can B.need C.must D.might
11.(2019辽宁卷,21)If yougo,at leastwait untilthestorm isover.A.can B.may C.must D.will12(10安徽32)Jack describedhis father,who abraveboy manyyears ago,as astrong-willed manA.would beB.would havebeen C.must beD.musthavebeen.
13.(10湖南23)You buya gift,but youcan ifyou wantto.A.must B.mustn,tC.havetoD.dont haveto
14.(10江西23)I havetold youthe truth.I keeprepeatingitA MustB CanC MayD Will
15.(10山东25)Ihavewatched thatmovie一it11giveme horribledreams.A.shouldn tB.needn tC.couldn tD.mustn t
16.(10天津9)Mark havehurried.After drivingat topspeed,he arrivedhalfan hourearly.A.needn tB.wouldntC.mustn tD.couldn t
17.(10四川3)—I takethe book out一Im afraidnot.A.Will B.May C.Must D.Need
18.(10全国I29)Just bepatient.You expectthe worldtochange sosoon.A.cantB.needn tC.may notD.whether19(10江苏25)—I haventgot thereference bookyet,butI11haveatest onthe subjectnext month.一Don tworry.You haveit byFriday.
1.could B.shall C.must D.may
20.(陕西23)May Itake thisbookoutofthereading roomNo,you.You readit inhere.A.inightn tB.won tC.needntD.mustn t
21.(10全国II17)I mafraid Mr.Harding seeyou now.He sbusy.A.cantB.mustntC.shouldn tD.neednt
22.(10湖北79)It ssaid thatthey haveswum tothe islandfromthe continent,but they(不行能做至!J)because theocean inbetweenis toowide,(do)23(10辽宁26)Doctors saythat exerciseis importantfor health,but itberegular exercise.A.can B.will C.must D.may24(10北京23)------Good morning.I vegot anappointment withMissSmith inthe PersonnelDepartment.一一Ah,good morning.You beMrs.Peters.A.might B.must C.would D.canPeters了〃因此解除A,C.D25(10浙江17)You havea wrongnumber,“she said.“There sno oneof thatname here.”A.need B.canC.must D.wou1d。
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