Unit4BodyLanguage（人与社会人际沟通（原卷版）（人教版2019选择性必修一）

选择性必修第一册（人教版）Unit4Body Language2019人与社会人际沟通单元引言解读What Ihide bymy language,my bodyutters.一Roland Barthes释义Body language can revealwhat peopleare thinking.启示开篇页的名人名言出自法国作家、社会评论家和文学评论家罗兰•巴特这句话的字面意思是“我的身体会说出我用言语掩饰的话”在实际生活中，因为各种原因，言语表达并不完全真实可信的情况确实普遍存在通过逻辑推理并观察行为表现、肢体语言甚至微表情，人们对言语表达的意思会形成更为综合的印象或者判断因此，中文里也说“察言观色名言名句积累人与社会人际沟通

1.Smile is the mostbeautiful languagein theworld.微笑是世界上最美的语言

2.A gentlemanuses his tongue butnot hisfists.君子动口不动手3・What theear hearsis false,but what the eyesees istrue.耳听为虚，眼见为实

4.By learningbody languagewe canbroaden ourhorizons andincrease ourknowledge invarious fields.通过学习肢体语言，我们能够开阔我们的视野，增加我们在各领域的知识

5.To municatesuccessfully,you mustalso learnthe body language of that culture.为了成功地交流，你还必须学习那种文化的肢体语言

6.People from different culturesmay misunderstand the gesturesthey use.来自不同文化背景的人们对彼此使用的手势很有可能产生误会

7.Standing withones handson oneships showsthat aperson is angry inmany cultures,such asMalaysia,Argentina,and Mexico.在马来西亚、阿根廷和墨西哥等许多文化中，双手放在臀部站立表示一个人是愤怒的

8.Many Mexicanslike totouch peopleon thearm.This showsthat theywant to be friendly.许多墨西哥人喜欢触摸别人的手臂这表明他们想要友好

9.When municatingwith someonefrom Tanzaniaor Kenya,do notuse yourleft handwhen givingorC.rebuilt confidencein himselfD.could speaklike normalpeople

（四）（高二上,陕西咸阳•期中）2324Everyone“talks”with their hands atleast sometimes.Some peopleshandtalking,（手势）or gesturingmatches theirmessages well.Other peoplelike to make gesturesthat canbe confusing.And stillothersdont usetheirhandsmuch at all.No matterwhich groupyou arein,its importantto pay attention to your hand gestureswhile you are municating.And alsoremember handgestures canhave culturalmeanings.A fewyears ago,I was a speakerat aconference inLisbon,Portugal.It wasmy firsttime in Portugal,and Ibecame（糕点）immediately fondof the special pastriesthat Lisbon and Portugalare knownfor.One morningI wentinto abakeryand orderedtwo of the pastries.I didso byholding uptwo fingers,similar to the“victory”or“peace“gesture in the UnitedStates.The personbehind thecounter putthree pastriesin thebox.I laterlearned that the gesturefbr twowould raisethumband indexfinger.Even thoughmy thumbwasnt showing,the personbehind thecounter thoughtI wassignaling forthree.I waslucky thatI didntget intomore troublethan anextra pastry.Many handgestures are not universal.Beforespeaking in a countrythat youarenotfamiliar with,do someresearch tofind outwhich gesturesmight bemisunderstood,not understoodat allor rude.

12.Why didthe authorgo toLisbon,PortugalA.To tastepastries.B.To takea holiday.C.To attenda meeting.D.To learnPortuguese culture.

13.What doesthe underlinedword“universal”refer toin para.3A.Normal.B.Independent.C.mon.D.plex.

14.What canwe learnfrom the authors experienceA.One shouldbe carefulwhen orderingfood inPortugal.B,Hand gesturesmay havedifferent meaningsin differentcultures.C.The personbehind thecounter understoodthe authorsgesture.D.The personbehind thecounter cheatedthe author.

15..The authorsmain purposein writingthe passageis to.A.tell usthat handgestures arenot the same worldwideB,explain thegeneral useof gesturesC.ask us to usecorrect handgestures inPortugalD.share afunny storyinPortugal

（五）（高——下•湖W匕•阶段练习）2324Mr.Smith,the professorat mybusiness class,had aunique way of goingoverthe answersto ourweekly tests.For eachquestion,he wouldask arandom studentfor theiranswer and then continue（盘问追问）to grillhim/her,forcing him/her todefend that answer.It wascertainly amemorable wayto review.How IwishedId beena moreexperienced studentand gotused tothe professor^grilling!I wasnt,though.（解剖学）But inmy anatomyclass,Dr.Cuddy introduced“high power and lowpower bodypositions,sayinghigh powerpositions involvetaking upmuch space and makingyourself lookbig,while lowpower”poses,in contrast,involve makingyourself looksmall,keeping your arms andlegs crossedand heldclose.People tend to seeothers withhighpower posesas naturalleaders,and aremore willing to hirethem.Her researchfinding was that spendingjust twominutesstanding in a highpower pose increaseda personsfeeling ofpowerandselfconfidence.She wantedusto try itout.On mynext quizreviewday,instead ofbending overmy bookstudying quietly,I satup straightand spreadout mybooksand notebookson theentire surfaceof mydesk.When ourteacher askedif anyonehad anyquestions aboutthematerial beforewe beganour quizreview,I raisedmy hand.The effectwas surprising.My professoranswered myquestion asif talkingto acolleague,and Ihad awonderfulfeeling ofcalm.Suddenly,I realizedthat theimportant thingwas thatI wasparticipating.I justneeded toengage fullyinthe classand learn.Today,before apresentation ora test,I spenda fewminutes thinking big”-taking upspaceandbeing seen.Itcalms medown andwhen Ido,my bestalways turnsout to be prettygood.

16.How didtheauthorperform inhis businessclassA.He wasgood atdefending hisanswer.B,He haddifficulty gettingused tothe professor.C.He didgood memorizationfor hisweekly tests.D.He feltconfident toquestion againstthe teacher.

17.What didDr.Cuddy wanther studentstotryoutA.Keeping theirarms crossedat atalk.B.Keeping theirdesks cleanin class.C.Using lowpowerposes inclass.D.Taking ahighpowerposebriefly.

18.According tothe passage,which oneisalowpower poseA.Opening yourarms aboveyour head.B.Sitting with your twofeet out.C.Standing uprightand makinga Vwith twofingers.D.Bending overand foldingyourarms.

19.What isthe authorsattitude towardsthinkingbig”A.Favorable.B.Doubtful.C.Critical.D.Indifferent.

（六）（2024•黑龙江齐齐哈尔・三模）How toRead Candidates5Body Languagein anInterviewBody languagematters,especially ininterviews.20Our posture,gestures,movements orfacial expressionscanshape ourreputations.Learning toread body language isabout understandingcandidatesmotives.Reading bodylanguage duringinterviews canprovide valuableinsights intoa candidatespersonality.21Here aresomemon interviewbodylanguagesignals thatyou canlearn toread.Observe extremebehaviour.A candidatesharmless actiondoesnt meanthey wontfit inwell atyour pany.But becarefulabout extremebehaviours,like aperson constantlychecking theirphone.22You canread peoplesbodylanguageby observingchanges in their movementsor posture.Imagine,forexample,that acandidate suddenlystarts tappingtheir foot.Maybe theyfeel theinterview istaking toolong.Or perhapstheyrefacing anunfortable question.Connect thedots.23For example,people maycross theirarms whentheyre cold.But,when yousee acandidate（咄咄crossing theirarms,crossing theirlegs andballing theirfists atthe sametime,prepare yourselffor anaggressive逼人的）answer.Candidate experiencegreatly dependsonaninterviewers bodylanguage.Positive bodylanguage canmakecandidates relaxand openup.Negative bodylanguagecanspark（弓|发）defensive andreserved reactions.24A・Spotthe difference.B.Ask detailedquestions.C.Ifs notwhat you say,its howyousayit.D.They dontnecessarily actthe sameway allthe time.E.However,understanding bodylanguage isntan exactscience.F.You cantalways tellwhat aspecific gesturemeans onits own.G.Be awareof mistakesto preservea positivecandidate experience.

（七）完形填空（高二上•全国•课后作业）2324When wemunicate withother people,we oftenuse notonly wordsbut alsobodylanguage.Body language isthequiet,secret andmost powerfullanguage of all!It speaks25than words.According tospecialists,our bodiessend outmore messagesthan werealize.Tn fact,non-verbal municationtakes upabout50%of whatwereally

26.And bodylanguageisparticularly27when weattempt tomunicate acrosscultures.Indeed,what iscalledbody languageis so28a part of usthat itsactually oftenunnoticed.And misunderstandingsoccur asa resultof it.Forexample,different societiestreat the29between peopledifferently.Northern Europeansusually do not likehaving bodilycontacteven withfriends,and certainlynot with30,People fromLatin Americancountries,31,touch each other quitealot.Therefore,its possiblethat inconversation,it maylook like a Latinois32a Norwegianall overthe room.The Latino,trying toexpress friendship,will keepmoving

33.The Norwegian,very probablyseeing thisaspushiness,will keep34-which theLatino willin returnregard as

35.Clearly,a greatdeal isgoing onwhen people36,And onlya partof it is inthe wordsthemselves.And whenparties arefromdifferentcultures,theres astrong possibilityof

37.But whateverthe situation

25.A.straighter B.louder C.harder D.further meandifficult long

26.A.hope B.receive C.discover D.greetings enemiesby all

27.A.immediate B.misleading C.important D.means followingaway

28.A.well B.far C.much D.backing awayD.ing out

29.A.trade B.distance C.connections D.coldness thinknervousness

30.A.strangers B.relatives C.neighbours D.advice pleased

31.A.in otherwords B.on the other handC.inasimilar wayD.

32.A.disturbing B.helping C.guiding D.

33.A.closer B.faster C.in D.

34.A.stepping forwardB.going onC.

35.A.weakness B.carelessness C.friendliness D.

36.A.talk B.travel C.laugh D.

37.A.curiosity B.excitement C.misunderstanding D.

38.A.chance B.time C.result D.

39.A.noticed B.treated C.respected D.is,the best38istoobey theGolden Rule:treat othersas youwould like to be39八语法填空高二上•全国•课堂例题语法填空2425I used to liketo go to ourlocal cinema.It wasold andrather unfortable,but ithad character.Now theyvestopped40show filmsthere.The ownerwould liketo goon41run the cinema,but hewould need42make a lot ofimprovements,which wouldmean43spend tensof thousandsof pounds.I remember44watch thelast filmatthecinema.It wasamurder mystery.It wasfive minutesfrom theend,and wewere trying45work outwho themurderer waswhen suddenlyallthe lightswent outand the film stopped.We satinthedark for a fewminutes,andthenthe ownerappeared with a torch.I regret46tell youJ hesaid,“that ourelectricity hasfailed.I dontmean47disappoint you,but Imafraid we cant showyou theend of thefilm.Weve tried48phone theelectricpany,but theysaid theycouldnt help.He wenton49explain tothe audiencehow thefilm ended.I didntunderstandthe story.But Idont regret50go tothecinemathat evening.思维素养提升Y.Task1写作项目--------Writea descriptionof bodylanguage本单元的写作项目是描述肢体语言，肢体语言是一种无声的语言，写作的关键有以下两点准确的描写要对人的动作进行形象的描绘，以传达出动作所代表的具体含义，即先绘其“状”；

1.合理的想象要对动作传达出的意图和情感进行解释和阐发，即再明其“意”

2.写作时首先要点明其主题和目的，以便抓住读者的注意力；主体部分要有步骤地展开对主题的介绍；结尾总结时，要对主题进行概括、强调请选提二篇他感兴趣的阅读造猷试用思维导图绘制出文章脉络吧！ZW\Z\ZV\Z\ZXZ\ZZS/SZwW Task2（高二上.全国.课后作业）假定你是李华，你的好友在市电视台举办的英语演讲比赛中获得了一等2324Peter奖演讲时，他从容自信，与评委、观众积极互动他的台风给你留下了深刻印象请用英文写一篇日记记录此事，着重描述在演讲比赛时的肢体动作Peter注意.写作词数应为左右；180可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

2.日记的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数

3.June8th SunnyMuchto mydelight,Peter wonfirst placein tonightsEnglish speechcontest heldby ourcity TVstation.His fantasticperformanceleft adeep impressionon everyone,including me.____________________________________________The wayhe walked,stood andspoke wasreally cool,from whichI benefitedalot.receiving thingslikeabusiness cardor gift.当与坦桑尼亚或肯尼亚的人交流时，在赠送或接受名片或礼物等物品时，不要用左手

10.In Vietnameseculture,the headis consideredthe mostimportant partof thebody.在越南文化中，头部被认为是身体最重要的部分

（一）（高三•全国卷真题•专题练习）2023On March7,1907,the Englishstatistician FrancisGalton publishedapaper which illustrated what has etobe known as the wisdom of crowdseffect.The experimentof estimationheconducted showed that in some cases,the averageofalarge numberof independentestimates could be quiteaccurate.This effectcapitalizes onthe factthat whenpeople makeerrors,those errors arent alwaysthe same.Some peoplewilltend tooverestimate,and someto underestimate.When enoughof theseerrorsareaveraged together,they canceleachother out,resulting ina more accurate estimate.If peopleare similarand tendtomakethesameerrors,then theirerrorswont canceleachotherout.In moretechnical terms,the wisdomof crowdsrequires thatpeoples estimatesbe independent.If forwhatever reasons,peoples errorsbee correlatedor dependent,the accuracyof theestimate willgo down.（转折）But anew studyled byJoaquin Navajasoffered aninteresting twiston thisclassic phenomenon.The keyfinding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed tohave a discussion,the averagesfrom thesegroups weremore accurate than thosefrom anequal numberof independent individuals.Forinstance,the averageobtained from the estimatesof fourdiscussion groupsof fivewas significantlymore accuratethan theaverageobtained from20independent individuals.In afollowup studywith100university students,the researcherstried to get abetter senseof whatthe groupmembersactually didintheirdiscussion.Did theytendtogo withthose mostconfident abouttheir estimatesDid theyfollowthose leastwillingtochange theirminds Thishappened someof thetime,but itwasnt thedominant response.Most frequently,the groupsreported thatthey sharedarguments andreasoned together]Somehow,these argumentsandreasoning resultedinaglobal reductionin error.Although thestudies ledby Navajashave limitationsand manyquestionsremain,the potentialimplications forgroup discussion and decisionmaking are enormous.

1.What isparagraph2of the text mainlyaboutA.The methodsof estimation.B.The underlyinglogic of the effect.C.The causesof peopleserrors.D.The designof Galtonsexperiment.A.the crowdswere relativelysmall B.there wereoccasional underestimatesC.individuals didnot municateD.estimates werenot fullyindependent

2.Navajas9study foundthatthe average accuracycould increaseeven if.

3.What didthe followupstudy focusonA.The sizeofthegroups.B.The dominantmembers.C.The discussionprocess.D.The individualestimates.

4.What isthe authorsattitude towardNavajas,studiesA.Unclear.B.Dismissive.C.Doubtful.D.Approving.解题技巧阅读理解推理判断题命题规律探究

一、推理判断题解题三步曲.定位信息通过寻读找到相关信息点1字面理解理解相关信息点字面意义

2.深层理解进而理解作者的言外之意

3.

二、推理判断题干扰项特征.似是而非只是对原文信息简单重述，而不是依据文章提供事实依据推断出来的结论1夸大事实对文章的事实或证据进行夸大；有时，选项内容与原文一致无需推断

2.推理过度选项往往过于绝对化或片面化（以偏概全），有时会出现等词语

3.only,all掺入常识根据考生已有常识是正确的，但不是根据文章中的证据推断出来的结论

4.

三、推理判断题五大解题技巧抓特定信息，逆向或正向推理抓住关键词或短语利用逆向思维或正面推理

1.整合全文（段）信息进行推断整合与题目相关的信息，综合推理判断定结论

2..利用语境的褒贬性进行推断考虑主人公特定心理和情绪状态褒贬性来推断34・根据文章的结论推断作者的态度作者思想倾向和感情色彩隐含在字里行间根据上下文的逻辑得出结论严格根据文章中所陈述的事实论点例证来推理

5.

1.On March7,1907,the Englishstatistician FrancisGalton publisheda paperwhichillustratedwhathasetobeknown后带定语从句从句充当的宾语从句翻译年月asthewisdomofcrowds^effect.a paperwhat illustrate190737日，英国统计学家弗朗西斯・高尔顿发表了一篇论文，阐述了后来被称为“群体智慧”效应

2.The experimentof estimationhe conductedshowedthatinsomecases,the averageofalarge numberof independent后面接定语从句,接宾语从句estimates couldbe quiteaccurate,the experimenthe conducted,show that翻译他所做的估计实验表明，在一些在大量独立估计的情况下，取平均值可能相当准确

3.The keyfindingofthestudywasthatwhencrowdswerefurtherdividedintosmallergroupsthatwereallowedtohave叩a discussion,the averagesfrom thesegroups weremoreaccuratethanthosefrom anequal numberof indendent为表语从句，表语从句里面带一个由引导条件状语从句，后面带定语从句，individuals.wasthatwhen groups翻译这项研究的关键发现是，当人群被进一步分成更小的小组进行讨论时，这些小组的平均值比同等数量的独立个体的平均值更准确

4.For instance,the averageobtained from the estimatesof fourdiscussion groupsof fivewas significantlymore.两个后面者带的过去分accuratethantheaverageobtained from20independentindividualsaverage Kobtained词做定语翻译例如，从四个五人讨论组的估计中获得的平均值比从个独立个体获得的平均值更准确

205.Although thestudies ledby Navajashave limitationsand manyquestions remain,the potentialimplications forgroup为让步状语从句，后面带过去分词做定语discussionanddecisionmakingareenormous.although studiesled翻译尽管领导的研究存在局限性，许多问题仍然存在，但对小组讨论和决策的潜在影响是巨大的Navajasstatistician[st tlJ on]n.；；illustrated[I hstreitl d]adj.；estimation[£stlmel fon]n.taverage[aevori dj]n.；vt.；a.；估计；估价；评价；预估；；estimate[£stl mot]vt.n.；accurate[askjon t]adj.；capitalize[kaepi tlaiz]vt.capitalize on________________；；overestimate[ou vor8stl melt]vt.n.t；；underestimate[,A ndor8stl melt]vt.n.；cancel out；wisdom[wi zdsm]n.；independent[,I ndlp8ndont]adj.correlated[korolei tld]adj.；；accuracy[aekjorosi]n.；phenomenon nDml non]n.彳亍；obtain[ob teln]vt.；significantly[si gnl flk0ntii]adv.；；followup[fD huA p]n.adj.；dominant[do minont]adj.；response[nspD ns]n.frequently[frikw0ntii]adv.；arguments[agjumonts]n.；reasoning[riznl rj]n.；；reduction[ridA kJn]n.；limitation[,li mltel fn]n.；implication[,I mpllkel fn]n.enormous[Inomos]adj；全文翻译1907年3月7日，英国统计学家弗朗西斯・高尔顿FrancisGalton发表了一篇论文，阐述了后来被称为“群体智慧”的效应他进行的估算实验表明，在某些情况下，大量独立估计值的平均数是十分准确的这种效果利用了这样一个事实当人们犯错误时，这些错误并不总是相同有些人倾向于高估，有些人倾向于低估当足够多的这些误差被平均在一起时，它们就会相互抵消，从而得到更准确的估算如果人们是相似的，并且倾向于犯同样的错误，那么他们的错误就不会相互抵消用更专业的术语来说，群体智慧要求人们的估算是独立的如果由于某种原因，人们的错误变得相关联或依赖，评估的准确性就会下降但是，由华金・纳瓦加斯（Joaquin Navajas）领导的一项新研究，为这一经典现象提供了一个有趣的转折这项研究的关键发现是，当人群被进一步分成更小的群体并允许进行讨论时，这些群体的平均值比同样数量的独立个体的平均值更准确例如，从个人的讨论小组中得到的平均值比从个独立个体中得到的平均值要准确4520得多在对名大学生的后续研究中，研究人员试图更好地了解小组成员在讨论中实际做了什么他们是否倾向于100相信那些对自己的估计最有信心的人他们追随那些最不愿意改变主意的人了吗？这种情况有时会发生，但不是主要的反应最常见的是，这些小组报告说他们“分享论点，一起推理:不知何故，这些论证和推理导致了错误的全面减少尽管纳瓦加斯（Navajas）领导的研究有局限性，许多问题仍然存在，但对小组讨论和决策的潜在影响是巨大的

（二）（高二上•浙江•单元测试）2425The mysteriousscience ofreading gesturesis explainedusing practicalexplanations（遗传的）and clearimages.Gestures areproducts ofboth geneticand environmentalinfluences.Understanding ourgesturesis not as difficultas somepeople wouldhave youbelieve.All humanbeings usethem andso actuallyhavea“builtin“ability torecognise andread it.Fingers crossedGenerallythis meanswishing fbrgood luckor fortune”.Another explanationcouldbeseen asheres hoping”.The gestureprobably hasChristian originswhere thegesture wasbelievedto getaway fromevil.As such,people believe that crossingthe fingerswhen tellinga liesomehow gets awayfrom theevil ofthe lie.Some historiansbelieve thatcrossing yourfingers isa hiddenor secretway ofmaking theChristiansign ofthe crossa perfectwayofdefeating evils.As agesture it has bothgood andbad meanings.Luck orlies.Waving thefirstfingerMothers andteachers aremon userswith thishandgesture.In general,it isusedtowarn asingle person.It isachange ofthe“you”gesture.If translatedinto languageit wouldsay“Stop whateveryouaredoing andpayattention to me.I amyour superiorand Iam warningyou!”Classed asa silentparent tochild gesture,itisnot pletelyallowed inanformal occasionwhere itwill beexplained asrude.Some psychologistsbelievethatithasa meaningofthewhip.

5.What canwe inferfromthefirst paragraphA.Reading gesturesis secret.B.Gestures areformed indaily life.C.Some peoplemake readinggestures difficulton purpose.D.It ishard toexplain gesturesby images.」

6.If aChristian crosseshis fingers,he wantstoA.show heisnt luckyB.wish tosucceedC.getsawayfromtheevil ofthe lieD.cross thestreet

7.If yourmum wavesher firstfinger,she wantsto_.A.wish forgood luckB.stop youC.praise youD.help you

（三）（高二上•全国•课后作业）2324Ross Griffithswoke upone morningonly tofind himselfunable tospeak.This（诊断）fiveyearold boywas onlytwo weeksago diagnosedwithacondition sounusual thatit hasntbeen namedand isinsteadknown as15ql

1.

2.Ross Griffithshas struggledtogetback hismunication skills,but hasalways beentoo shyto usehis signlanguageaway fromhome andschool.But afterseeing avideo ofMiddlesbroughs ClevelandCentre Father Christmas signingwiththreeyearold MaliWilliams,Ross toldhis mumthat hewanted tosign withFather Christmas,too.Ross andhis familywent tosee Father Christmas yesterday,along with Mali,who wasinvited backforasecondvisit.Father Christmasset upthespecialsecond meeting withMaliwhere hegave hera lovelydoll.As crowdsof childrenand parentsawaited thearrival ofthe bigman atthe shoppingcentre,Father Christmastooksome timeout beforehis dutiesto meetagain withMali andwith Rossbefore goingontosee alltheotherchildren.Rosss mumBecky Lanehoped thata visittothespecial Father Christmas wouldhelp Rossget overhis shyness.The FatherChristmas everyonebelieves ineven learnedMakaton speciallyfor hismeetingwithRoss,as thisis themunicationmethod theyoung boyuses.“He wastoo frightenedto usehis signlanguage outsidethe house,but whenhe sawthe videoofthegirl signingwithFatherChristmas,it showedhim hedidnt havetobeshy.He didreally well.And hegot aPacMan gameasagift.Now hesnotashy boyany moreJ Beckysaid.

8.According tothetext,we canlearn thatRoss Griffiths.A.caught adeadly diseaseB.was afraidof municatingwith strangersC.found ithard tolearn signlanguageD.dreamed ofbeing aFatherChristmas

9.Seeing thevideo,Ross mightfeel.A.proud B.angry C.calm D.excited10*What doesthe underlinedword“MakatorT mostprobably refertoA.A formof signing.B.A foreignlanguage.C,A Christmassong.D.A kindof dance.

11.After meetingFatherChristmas,wecanlearn thatRoss.A.knew howto shopwisely B,wanted togotoschool again。