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班级姓名学号分数Unit4Problems andadvice句子成分与基本句型（时间60分钟,满分100分）知识详解一句子成分组成句子的各个部分叫作句子成分英语的句子成分和中文的句子成分大致相同，可分为:主语，谓语，宾语，表语，定语，状语，宾语补语，同位语
一、主语——表明句子里所谈的是“什么人”或“什么物”，主语常用名词、代词或相当于名词的词或短语充当例如（名词）莉莉喜欢她的新自行车Lily likesher newbike.（代词）他每天都起得很早He getsup earlyevery day.
二、谓语——说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么样”，英语中谓语只能用动词充当例如••⑴简单谓语由一个动词或动词短语构成如.（单个动词做谓语）She practisesrunning everymorning practise⑵复合谓语
①由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成如.（情态动词动词原形做谓语）You maykeep thebook forthree weeksmay+keep（助动词动词过去分词做谓语）The littlegirl hascaught abad cold.hast caught
②由系动词加表语构成如（系动词名词构成系表结构做谓语）We arestudents now.are+students
三、宾语——宾语是动作行为的对象由名词、代词或相当于名词或代词的词或短语充当，和及物动词一起构成谓语，说明主语“做什么”例如（名词）汤姆买了一本故事书Tom boughta storybook.（代词）昨天我看到他了I sawhim yesterday.直接宾语和间接宾语一有些及物动词可以有两个宾语，一个指人，一个指物，指人的叫作间接宾语，指物的叫直接宾语合称双宾例如老师给我妈讲了一个有趣的故事Our teachertold usan interestingstory.间接宾语直接宾语
四、表语——说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样*与连系动词一起构成谓语，表语由名词、形容词、或相
9.B【详解】句意一些父母让他们的孩子做家务考查语法知识让某人做某事，是宾语补足语，它补充说明宾语make sbdo sth“do the chores”“their的情况或状态故选chiklrerT B
10.A【详解】句意志愿者们提供了一些食物给贫困学生考查句子成分根据“Vblunteers offersome foodto the poor students.”可矢口，主语是Volunteers；offer是谓语动词；是直接宾语；是间接宾语故选some foodthepoor students Ao
11.B【详解】句意中医在世界上越来越受欢迎考查句子成分根据可知，是系动词，因止匕是表语，故选“is being”bee“more andmore popular”B
12.B【详解】句意克里斯保证他参加聚会不会迟到考查句子成分分析句子结构可知，是一个主从复合句；是主句主语；是主句谓语，故Chris promised选B
13.D【详解】句意人们过马路时玩是很危险的考查句子成分根据可知，此处是引导的时间状语，故选“while crossing the street”while D
14.C【详解】句意那家商店的衣服很贵考查句子成分根据可知，句子主语是介词短语修饰主语，因此“The clothesin thatstore”The clothes,作定语，故选in thatstore C
15.A【详解】句意这个男孩后悔错过了那场精彩的足球赛考查句子成分分析句子可知，作主语，作谓语,The boyregretted missingthe wonderfulfootball match作宾语故选A
16.B【详解】句意这个节目看起来太无聊了，以至于很多人在看的时候都想睡觉考查句子成分分析句子可知，是系动词，故是表语故选seems boringB
17.A【详解】句意玛丽的牙齿出了问题考查句子成分句子是结构，故是主语故选there besomething A
18.D【详解】句意露西是一个聪明的女孩考查句子结构作主语，作系动词，作表语故选Lucy isa clevergirl D
19.C【详解】句意我妈妈同意这个星期天和我一起去动物园考查句子成分本句的主语是是谓语动词，作宾语，故选My mother,agreed to go to the zooC
20.A【详解】句意我想告诉你我的故事考查句子成分是动词，后跟双宾语，是间接宾语，是直接宾语，故选ten you my storyA
21.B【详解】句意玛丽四岁就能读书考查句子成分分析所给句子，作主语，作谓语，作状语故选Mary read at the age of four Bo
22.B【详解】句意珍妮是我们组里最活泼的女孩之一考查句子成分作主语；是，系动词；最活泼的女孩之一”，作表语；Jenny isone of the liveliestgirls”在我们组，作状语故选in our group”B
23.B【详解】句意为了保持健康，我的祖母每天在公园里跳舞考查句子成分为了做某事，在句子中作目的状语故选in orderto dosth B
24.C【详解】句意我的父母照顾我的祖父母，并在周末听他们说话考查句子成分分析句子可知，在句中作谓语故选care forC
25.D【详解】句意下列哪个句子与结构相同？Running isa goodway toexercise.”考查基本句式.主+谓+宾；oPeople whorun willhave ahealthier heartRunning givesyou achance toenjoy.主+谓+间接宾语+直接宾语；.主+谓+宾+宾补；views You can hear the wind blowing while running Starting主+系+表也是主系表结构故选an exercising habit sounds wonderful.Running isa goodway toexercise.D
26.A【详解】句意你能给我一些建议吗？考查句子成分分析句子可知，作主语；作谓语；作间接宾语；作直接宾you give me some suggestions语故选A
27.C【详解】句意“我送妈妈一条围巾》的句型是主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语考查句子结构作主语；作谓语；作间接宾语；作直接宾语故选I sendmy muma scarfC
28.C【详解】句意下面哪个句子和下面的句子结构相同？一开始他们叫他们的小狗点点考查句子结构分析所给句子可知，作主语；为谓语动词；为宾语；为They called their little dog Spot宾语补足语；为介词短语作状语项作主语；为谓语；作宾语；in the beginning CHe oftenhelps meclean为宾语补足语；为介词短语作状语与所给句子结构一致故选the classroom after schoolC
29.D【详解】句意的句子结构是“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语She alwayskeeps everythingin order.”考查句子结构作主语；作状语；作谓语；作宾语；作宾语补足语She alwayskeeps everythingin order故选D
30.B【详解】句意:下列哪一项与句子结构相同“I sawhim reading a book”考查句子结构句型为“主+谓+宾”；.句型为“主+You have a verynice sister.The newsmade mehappy谓+宾+宾补”；句型为“主+谓+间宾+直宾”；My grandpagave me a redpacket.He likesplaying thepiano.句型为“主+谓+宾”题干中作宾语的补足语，句型为“主+谓+宾+宾补工故选“readinga book”him B
31.B【详解】句意这个句子的句型是什么？Wendy willhelp me”考查句子结构是句子主语;是句子谓语;是句子宾语,故结构是Wendy willhelp me“S+V+O”,故选Bo
32.D【详解】句意“我经常听到他早上看书”的句子结构是“S+V+DO+OC”考查句子结构作主语；作谓语；作宾语；作宾语补足语所以句子结构是I hear him read books故选S+V+DO+OC D
33.C【详解】句意和“我不认识那个戴眼镜的人”的句子结构一样的是哪个？考查句子结构.该句子是“主+谓+宾”结构；I dont know the man with glasses The man didnt show her his.该句子是“主+谓+间宾+直宾”结构；该句子是“主+谓+宾+宾ID cardMy mothertold me to workhard.补”结构；.该句子是“主+谓+宾”结构;The childrenare readingbooks quietlyMolly isntteaching thekids该句子是“主+谓+间宾+直宾”结构所以项的句子结构与题干中给的句子结构一样，故a new song.C选C
34.B【详解】句意.”这个句子的哪个句子结构是正确的？Sandy gaveMike somebread考查句子结构作主语；作谓语；作间接宾语；作直接宾语所以句子结Sandy gaveMike somebread构是主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语故选B
35.B【详解】句意“我们有四季”的句子结构是什么？考查句子结构分析句子可知，作主语；作谓语；作宾语故句子结构为主谓宾we havefour seasons故选B
36.D【详解】句意给他的祖父母买了一座漂亮的房子Tom考查句子成分.表示“给某人买某物”，其中为间接宾语，为直接宾语；本句中buy sb.sth sb.sth.his为间接宾语，为直接宾语故选grandparents a beautiful houseD
37.B【详解】句意这个句子结构是主+谓+间接宾语+直接宾语考查句She gave mea present yesterday.”子结构主+谓+宾；主+谓+间接宾语+直接宾语；主+谓+宾+宾补；S+V+O S+V+IO+DO S+V+DO+OC主+系动词+表语主语；谓语；间接宾语；直接宾语故选S+V+P shegave mea presentB
38.C【详解】句意下面哪个句子和“冰激凌尝起来很好“有相同的句子结构？考查句子结构的句子结构为主+谓+宾+状；Wolves cansee andsmell thingsfar away””The bellsounded for的句子结构是主+谓+状；lunch at the endof theclass””Apples quicklyturn brownafter beingleft in the airfor的句子结构是主+系+表+状；即的a while”The motherlooked angrilyat herdaughters per full of mistakes”句子结构是主+谓+宾+宾补分析句子可知，句子结构为主+系+表结构，选项的“Ice creamtastes nice”C句子结构与其一致故选C
39.C【详解】句意“霍博昨天用木棍给埃迪盖了一个帐篷”这句话的主要结构是“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语工考查句子结构是主语，是谓语，是间接宾语，是直接宾语，是方式状Hobo builtEddie atent withsticks语，是时间状语，所以该句的主要结构是“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”,即yesterday故选“S+V+IO+DO”C
40.D【详解】句意下面哪个句子和“雪使孩子感到激动”有一样的句子结构？考查句子结构选项是系表结构；选项是动宾结构；选项是双宾语结构；选项是宾语和宾语A BC D补足语结构所给句子是宾语和宾语补足语结构，其中是主语；“Snow makeschildren feel excited”snow谓语动词是makes；children是宾语；feelexcited是宾语补足语故选D
41.B【详解】句意以下句子哪个是“主+谓+间宾+直宾的结构？考查句型结构.主+系+表；主+谓+间宾+直Autumn leavesturn brownSandys mumbought hera newhat.宾；主+谓+宾+宾补；.主+谓+宾+状故I foundhim veryinteresting.Tommy doessome readingevery day选Bo
42.C【详解】句意的句子结构是什么？I offeredmy classmatessome pinkpencils”考查句子结构作主语；作谓语；作间接宾语；作直接宾语，I offeredmy classmatessome pinkpencils因此句子结构为故选S+V+IO+DO C
43.C【详解】句意——“他正在放风筝这句话的结构是什么？——它是主谓宾结构考查句子结构分析可知，时态是现在进行时，是主语，“He isflying a kite now.”He isflying是谓语，是宾语，是时间状语，所以这句话的结构是“主+谓+宾工故选akite now C
44.D【详解】句意下面哪个是的句型结构？“You canfind theanswer to the questioneasily.”考查基本句型主系表；主谓+直接宾语+宾语补足语；主谓+间接宾S+V+P S+V+DO+OC S+V+IO+DO语+直接宾语；主谓宾是主语，是谓语动词，是宾语，所以S+V+O Youfind theanswer to the question本句符合主谓宾结构，故选D
45.B【详解】句意的句子结构是My grandpaalways walks his dog in the morning.”S+V+O考查句子结构分析句子可知，作主语，作谓语，作宾语，作时My grandpawalkshis dogin themorning间状语，故句子结构为主谓宾故选B
46.B【详解】句意“我们的老师总是使他们的课生动活泼”的句式是主语+谓语+直接宾语+宾语补足语考查句子结构主语+谓语+宾语；主语+谓语+直接宾语+宾语补足语；S+V+O S+V+DO+OC S+V+IO+DO主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语；主语+连系动词+表语根据S+V+P“Our teachersalways make their classes可知，作主语；作状语；作谓语；作宾语；作宾语补lively.”our teachersalways maketheir classeslively足语故本句属于结构故选S+V+DO+OC”B
47.C【详解】句意的句子结构是Eddie iswatching Hobowork.”S+V+DO+OC考查句子结构分析句子可知，是主语，是谓语，是宾语，是宾语补足语Eddie iswatching Hobowork故选C
48.A【详解】句意——“他们昨天下午在房间里画画”的句子结构是什么？——我认为是主语+谓语考查句子结构主语+谓语；主语+谓语+宾语；主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾S+V S+V+O S+V+IO+DO语；主语+谓语+直接宾语+宾语补足语分析.”S+V+DO+OC“They paintedin theroom yesterdayafternoon句子成分可知，主语是谓语是是地点状语，是时间状语，they,painted,in theroom yesterdayafternoon故句子结构是主谓加状语故选A
49.A【详解】句意“这个故事听起来很有趣”这句话的结构是主系表考查句子结构是主语；是系动词作谓语；是表语，所以这句话的结构The storysounds veryinteresting是“主+系+表”故选A
50.B【详解】句意下列哪一个句子的结构与相同“Miss Liteaches usEnglish.考查句子结构.主+谓；.主+谓+间接宾语+Miss Liworks hardall thetime Miss Li tells us stories in class直接宾语；.主+谓+宾+宾语补足语；Miss Liasks usto workfor ourdreams Miss Li is the best teacher in my主+系+表.是主+谓+间接宾语+直接宾语”结构，故选heart.Miss Liteaches usEnglish B当于名词或形容词的词或短语等充当例如（形容词）她生气了She gotangry.（数词）她的祖父八十多岁了Her.randfather isover eightyyears old.
五、定语——定语是修饰名词或代词的，可以作定语的除形容词外，还有名词、代词、数词、介词短语或相当于形容词的词或短语等例如（形容词）这是一个绿色的杯子This isa greencup.（代词）这些学生是你班的吗？Are thesestudents yourclassmates
六、状语状语是修饰动词、形容词、或副词的，有的修饰全句可以作状语的主要是副词和介词短语或相当于副词的词或短语等例如（副词）你非常正确You arequite right.（介词短语）吴老师骑自行车上学校Mr.Wu estotheschool bybike,（介词短语）她将于星期一到达北京She willarrive inBeijinq onMonday.
七、宾语补足语——有些及物动词的宾语后边还需要有一个补足语，意思才能够完整宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语例如We callher XiaoLi.赢宾语补足语John askedmetohelp himwith hisChinese.宾语宾语补足语知识详解二基本句型英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是由以下五种基本句型组合、扩展、变化而来的）主+谓（）不及物动词1SV例如我工作I work.太阳从东方升起The sunrises in the east.）主+系+表（）2SVP例如约翰忙John isbusy..那人看起来很善良That manseems kind句型中系动词可分为表状态的系动词等be,keep,lie,look,remain,seem,smelL sound,sit,stand,stay,taste表变化或结果的系动词:等bee,e,get,grow,go,fall,prove,turn7___________________________________________________________________________________________7）主+谓+宾（）3SVO例如她学英语She studiesEnglish.他发现树上有一只鸟He founda birdin thetree.主+谓+宾+补4SVOC例如.时间会证明我是对的Time wouldprove meright她让我们等了个多小时She keptus waitingfor overthree hours.3主+谓+间宾+直宾5SVOiOd例如我母亲给我做了一件新衣裳My mothermade mea newdress,.他给他妹妹买了一架钢琴He boughthis sistera pianoThisterm Ihave writtenthree lettersto myparents.
一、单项选择（本大题共小题，每小题分，共分）
5021001.The seatsatthecinema arenot fortable.A.主语B.表语C.定语D.谓语
2.Mary dislikeswearing herschool uniformat school.A.宾语B.表语C.定语D.主语
3.Alex alwaystells jokesto makehis friendshappy.A.状语B.谓语C.定语D.宾语
4.There aresome oldbut greatbuildings inthis city.A.表语B.状语C.主语D.宾语
5.He alwaysgives us useful advici.A.真正主语B.形式主语C.直接宾语D.间接宾语
6.The magazineappeared inChina in the1960s.A.表语B.状语C.主语D.谓语
7.Dennis wasa niceteenager whnnhe wasyoung.A.状语B.宾语C.主语D.表语
8.Olivia agreed togo tothe zoo with me this Sunday.A.主语B.定语C.谓语D.宾语
9.Some parentsmaketheirchildren dothechores.A.主语B.宾补C.状语D.定语
10.Volunteers offersome foodtothepoorstudents.A.间接宾语B.直接宾语C.形式宾语D.表语
11.Chinese medicineis beingmore andmore popularin theworld.A.主语B.表语C.定语D.状语A.表语B.谓语C.状语D.宾语
12.Chris promisedthat hewouldnt belate forthe party.
13.Its dangerousfor peopleto usethe mobilephones whilecrossingthestreet.宾语表语定语状语A.B.C.D.
14.The clothesin thatstore arevery expensive.谓语宾语定语状语A.B.C.D.
15.The boyregretted missingthe wonderfulfootball match.宾语定语谓语表语A.B.C.D.
16.The programseems soboring thatmany peoplewant tosleep whenthey watchit.谓语表语定语主语A.B.C.D.
17.There wassomething wrongwith Marysteeth.主语表语定语谓语A.B.C.D.
18..Lucy isa clevergirl.定语宾语主语表语A.B.C.D.A.主语B.定语C.谓语D.宾语
20.I wantto tellyoumystory.间接宾语直接宾语形式宾语宾语补足语A.B.C.D.
21.Mary couldreadattheageoffour.A.补语B.主语C.状语D.定语
19.My motheragreed togo tothe zoowithmethisSunday.状语表语补语定语A.B.C.D.
22.Jenny isone of the liveliestgirls inourgroup.
23.In orderto keephealthy,my grandmadances in the parkevery day.宾语状语谓语宾补A.B.C.D.
24.My parentscare formy grandparentsand listento themon weekends.定语表语谓语宾语A.B.C.D.
25.Which of the followingsentences has the same structure asRunning isa goodway toexercise.A.People whorun willhaveahealthier heart.B・Running givesyou achance toenjoy views.C.You canhearthewindblowingwhilerunning.D.Starting anexercisinghabitsoundswonderful.
26.Can yougivemesomesuggestions直接宾语间接宾语形式主语真正主语A.B.C.D.
27.The sentencepattern of“I sendmy muma scarf.is.A.S+V+O B.S+V+P C.S+V+IO+DO D.S+V+O+OC
28..Which ofthese sentenceshas the same structure as theone belowTheycalledtheirlittledogSpot inthebeginning.A.It helpsto dosome exerciseintheopen air.B.She helpedto organizethe partylast Saturday.C.He oftenhelps meclean theclassroomafterschool.D.My mothersometimes helpsme withmy Englishhomework.
29.The sentence structure of“She alwayskeeps everythingin order9is.A.S+V B.S+V+P C.S+V+O D.S+V+O+OC
30.Which ofthe followinghas thesamestructure asthe sentence“I sawhim readingabook.A.You havea verynice sister.B.The newsmade mehappy.C.My grandpagave mea redpacket.D.He likesplaying thepiano.
31.Which isthe sentencepattern ofthe sentenceWendy willhelp me.A.S+V B.S+V+O C.S+V+IO+DO D.S+V+O+OC
32.The sentence structure of“I oftenhearhimreadbooksinthemoming.^^is A.S+V+O B.S+V+P C.S+V+IO+DO D.S+V+DO+OC
33.Which has thesame sentencestructure as Idontknowthemanwithglasses”A.ThemandidntshowherhisID card.B.My mothertold meto workhard.C.The childrenare readingbooks quietly.D.Molly isntteaching thekids a newsong.
34.Which sentencestructure isright forthis sentenceSandy gaveMike somebread.A.S+V+DO+OC B.S+V+IO+DO C.S+V+DO D.S+V+P
35.Whafs the sentencestructure of“We havefour seasons/9A.S+V+P B.S+V+O C.S+V+IO+DO
36.Tom boughthis grandparentsabeautifulhouse.主语定语间接宾语直接宾语A.B.C.D.
37.The structure ofthe sentence Shegavemeapresentyesterday9is.A.S+V+O B.S+V+IO+DO C.S+V+DO+OC
38.Which ofthe followinghas thesame sentencestructureas“Ice creamtastes nice.”A.Wolves cansee andsmell thingsfar away.B,The bellsounded forlunch atthe endoftheclass.C.Apples quicklyturn brownafter beingleft inthe airfor awhile.D.The motherlooked angrilyat herdaughters paperfullofmistakes.
39.The mainstructure ofthe sentenceHobo builtEddie atent withsticks yesterday.^^isA.S+V+P B.S+V+O C.S+V+IO+DO D.S+V+DO+OC
40.Which ofthe followinghas thesame sentencestructureasSnow makeschildren feelexcited9A.The groundbees white.B.Children makea snowmantogether.C.Snow bringschildren lotsof fun.D.You cansee childrenplay happily.
41.Which ofthe followingsentences followsthe structure of“S+V+IO+DOA.Autumn leavesturn brown.B.Sandys mumbought heranewhat.C.I foundhim veryinteresting.D.Tommy doessome readingevery day.
42.What isthe sentencestructure of“I offeredmy classmatessome pinkpencils”A.S+V B.S+V+O C.S+V+IO+DO D.S+V+P
43.—Whats thestructure ofthesentenceHe isflying akitenow.”？一It is.A.S+V B.S+V+P C.S+V+O D.S+V+DO+OC
44.What isthesentencestructure of“Youcanfind theanswer tothe questioneasily.A.S+V+P B.S+V+DO+OC・C.S+V+IO+DO.D.S+V+O.
45.The sentencestructure of“My grandpaalways walkshisdoginthemoming.^^is.A.S+V B.S+V+O C.S+V+DO+IO D.S+V+DO+OC
46.The sentencestructureofOur teachersalways maketheir classeslively.^^is.A.S+V+O B.S+V+DO+OC C.S+V+IO+DO D.S+V+P（结构）
47.The sentencestructureof“Eddie iswatching Hobowork.is.A.S+V+DO B.S+V+P C.S+V+DO+OC D.S+V+IO+DO
48.—What isthesentencestructureofThey paintedintheroom yesterdayafternoon.9,一1think it9s.A.S+V B.S+V+OC.S+V+IO+DO D.S+V+DO+OC
49.The structureofthesentence“The storysounds veryinteresting,is.A.S+V+P B.S+V+O C.S+V+IO+DO D.S+V+DO+OC
50.Which ofthe followinghasthesamesentencestructureasMiss Liteaches usEnglish.9,A.Miss Liworks hardall thetime.B.Miss Litellsusstoriesinclass.C.MissLiasks usto workfor ourdreams.D.MissLiisthebestteacherinmyheart.参考答案:
1.B【详解】句意电影院的座位不舒服考查句子成分分析从可知，其为系动词，所以后常接形容词作表语故选“are”B
2.A【详解】句意玛丽不喜欢在学校穿校服考查句子成分分析句子可知，作主语，是及物动词，作谓语，其后接动名词作Mary dislikes宾语，所以划线部分作宾语故选“wearing herschool uniform”A
3.A【详解】句意亚历克斯总是讲笑话以使他的朋友们高兴考查句子成分分析句子可知，讲笑话的目的是“让他的朋友们高兴”，动词不定式作目的状语故选A
4.C【详解】句意这个城市有一些古老但伟大的建筑考查句子成分分析句子可知，此处是结构，划线部分是主语故选there beC
5.C【详解】句意他总是给我们有用的建议考查句子成分分析句子可知，作主语；作谓语；作间接宾语；作直He givesususefuladvice接宾语故选C
6.D【详解】句意该杂志于世纪年代在中国出现2060考查句子成分分析句子结构可知，是主语；是谓语动词；是地The magazineappeared inChina点状语；是时间状语故选inthe1960s D
7.A【详解】句意丹尼斯年轻时是个不错的少年考查句子成分根据划线部分“when hewasyoung”，结合分析句子可知，划线部分在该句中是时间状语从句，所以在句子中作状语故选A
8.C【详解】句意奥利维亚同意这个星期天和我一起去动物园考查句子成分本句的主语是是谓语动词，作宾语，故选Olivia,agreedtogotothezooC。
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