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通州区学年第二学期高一年级期末质量检测2023-2024英语试卷2024年7月本试卷共10页，共100分考试时长90分钟考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效考试结束后，请将答题卡交回第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题;每小题L5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑Reagan,a booklover,looked upfrom hisreading asthe bellrang over the entranceto thebookstore.Puzzled,he（柜台）watched fora minuteas Darya]toward thecounter as if to ask aquestion.It didntmake sensethat Darya,one ofthe schools topathletes,was ina bookstore.Not wantingto benoticed,Reagan2found anothervolume toread.Hewouldnt knowwhat tosay ifshe triedto starta conversationbecause he thought theytwo weretoo differentto haveanythingto3“Hey,Reagan.Her greeting4him,and hisbreath caughtin histhroat asit became apparent he hadnt escapedafter all.“Maybe you can helpme.He doubtedit,but hemanaged tochoke outa reply.Me Imtrying to5a bookon soccerskills.I wontbe ableto goto campover springbreak,and Ineed toimprove mygame beforethe nextseason begins.”Reagan swallowed,then motionedrandomly withhis handsbefore hefound hisvoice.Sure.Over here.He thoughtitwould saveconfusion if he just6the wayrather thantry topoint herin theright direction.As shefollowed himthroughthe shelves,he daredto imaginethey mightnot beso7after all.He felta briefflash ofhope,the sunshining suddenlywhere allhad beengray.
8、one ofDarya9s teammatesappeared asif outofnowhere,urging herto finishany purchases,or theywould belate forpractice.Sighing,Reagan realizednothing hadreallychanged;the differenceswould neverlet thembreak downthose barriers,even ifthey sochose.Instead,she turnedto Reaganwith a9smile,“Thanks foryour help,and hey,maybe wecould playsoccersometime^^Surprised butpleased,Reagans heartleapt at the unexpected10,a signthat perhaps
1.A.rushedB.walked C.drove D.turned
2.A.apparently B.obviously C.quickly D.finally
3.A.talk aboutB.deal withC.carry outD.settle in
4.A.inspired D.surprised（跨越）the barrierswere notas insurmountableas hedthought.
5.A.locate B.figure C.gather D.deliver
6.A.controlled B.led C.designed D.made
7.A.particular B.unique C.different D.determined
8.A.Luckily B.Actually C.Slowly D.ImmediatelyB.reminded C.attacked
9.A.warm B.forced C.crazy D.determined
10.A.congratulation B.invitation C.election D.fortune第二节（共10小题;每小题L5分，共15分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空在未给提示词的空白处仅填写个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用1括号内所给词的正确形式填空As afiveyearold girl,Lin Qiaozhiwas deeplyaffected byher mothersdeath.At age18,instead offollowing thetraditionalpath ofmarriage likethe majorityof girls,she11choose tostudy medicine.“Why shouldgirls learnso much12find agood husbandshould betheir finalgoal!^^her brotherplained,thinking of the hightuition fees.She responded,Td ratherstay a single13study allmyB阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空在未给提示词的空白处仅填写个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空1In theafternoon,I headedto alocal museumthat showedthe historicalchanges inCalifornia.In1848,gold wasdiscoverednear SanFrancisco,14started agold rush.Over300,000people came from allover the world toseek15theyfortune,and SanFrancisco quicklybecameabig city.Many Chinesearrived duringthis period.16earn aliving,some openedup shopsand restaurants17Chinatown.Many othersfound jobson farms,joined thegoldrush,or wentto buildthe railway.C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空在未给提示词的空白处仅填写个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用1括号内所给词的正确形式填空Space explorationhas alreadypromoted technologicalimprovements thatbenefit usall.Highend productsaround theworld18make toa higherstandard nowbecause of advanced technology.For example,space technologies19help theresearchand developmentof differenttypes ofnew material.They havealso helpedpanies makebetter heartmonitors andothermachines thatdoctors regularlyuse.Today,space technologies are20wide usedin allkinds ofindustries.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题;每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑British ScienceWeek ishappening inMarch.Time”is thisyears theme.The movementof planetEarth explainswhy we havedifferent seasonsovertheyear andwhyweneed timezones.Microsecond accuracykeeps ourputer systemstickingand helpsglobal positioningsatellites toprovide uswith preciselocation information.In fact,time isverynecessary forus andis keyto so many STEMdiscoveries.The weekhopes toraise awarenessand stimulateenthusiasm forSTEM subjects.There willbe lotsof eventsacross theUK andmany differentways foryou toexperience time.Astronomical TimeAtThe RoyalObservatory inGreenwich,London,youcanexplore theorigins oftelling thetime,and howtimetellinginstruments haveevolved.Well alsofind out what solutionsinventors andinnovators of the pastcame upwith tomeasuretime,help sailorsat sea,and standardizetime-ensuring peoplein andacross munitieswere usingthe sameor similartime.Making TimeTheMuseum of Timekeeping ishome toa fascinatingcollection ofclocks,watches,and timepieces.You canhave aguidedtour of the museumgalleries andlisten tosome of the storiesbehind theartifacts.You cansee thewatch wornbyCaptain Scotton hisillfated Antarcticexpedition of1912and getto hearthe voiceof thefirst SpeakingClocka phonenumber youcould callto findoutwhattime itwas.Passing of TimeFormed overone million years ago,Cheddar Gorgeis Britainsbiggest gorgedeep,narrow valley.It is137metersdeep andthree mileslong.It wascarved bymeltwater floods,leaving behindmysterious caves.The mostfamous isGoughsCave,where Britainsoldest pleteskeleton,known asthe CheddarMan,which datesback over10,000years andwasdiscovered in
1903.You canfocus onhow ourancestors livedand understand the past.
21.Where canyou explorewhat methodshave beenproposed tomeasure timeA.The RoyalObservatory.B.Greenwich Park.C.Museum ofTimekeeping.D.Cheddar Gorge.A.Instruments forsea exploralion.B.Clocks,watches,and timepieces.C.Some musicabout Antarcticexpedition.D.The CheddarMans collectionof artifacts.
23.What is the significanceof Cheddar GorgeA.It isthe deepestgorge in theworld.B.It tellshow thecaves weredestroyed.
22.What canyou discoveratthe Museum ofTimekeepingC.It showswhere themeltwater floodscamefrom.D.It providesinsight intohow ourancestors lived.
24.What isthe mainpurpose ofBritish ScienceWeekA.To providetours attheMuseumofTimekeeping.B.To explorethe history of timekeepinginstruments.C.To highlightthe geologicalhistoryofCheddarGorge.D.To promoteSTEMsubjectsthrough eventsrelated to the themeofTime.”BIt wasthe dayofthebig crosscountryrun.Students fromseven differentprimary schoolsin andaround thesmalltown werewarming up and walkingthe routethrough thickevergreen forest.I lookedaround andfinally spottedDavid,who wasstanding byhimself offto theside bya fence.He wassmall forten yearsold.His usualbig toothysmile wasabsenttoday.I walkedover andasked himwhy he wasnt withthe otherchildren.He hesitatedand thensaid hehad decidednotto run.What waswrong Hehad workedso hardfor thisevent!I quicklysearched thecrowd forthe schoofscoach andasked himwhat hadhappened.“I was afraid thatkids fromotherschools wouldlaugh athimhe explainedunfbrtably.gave himthe choiceto runor not,and lethim decide.I bit（懊恼）.back myfrustration Iknew the coach meantwell——hethoughthewasdoing theright thing.After makingsurethat Davidcould runifhewanted,I turnedto findhim ingtowards me,his smallbody rockingfrom sideto sideas heswunghis feetforward.David hada braindisease whichprevented him from walkingor runninglike otherchildren,but atschool hisclassmatesthought ofhim asa regularkid.He alwaysparticipated to the bestof his ability inwhatever theywere doing.That waswhy noneofthechildren thoughtit unusualthat David had decidedto join the crosscountryteam.It justtook himlonger—thats all.Davidhadnot missedasinglepractice,and althoughhe always finished hisrun longafter the otherchildren,he didalwaysfinish.As aspecial educationteacher attheschool,I wasfamiliar withthe challengesDavid facedandwas proudof hisstrong determination.David movedup tothe startingline withtheotherrunners.The racestarted.The routeseemed long,especially forachild witha braindisease.David insistedon runningasifhehadforgotten allhis weaknesses.He trippedwithin thefirstfew kilometersbut quicklypicked himselfup and continued.Classmates cheered,e on!You canmake it!We9re proudofyou!”To everyonesjoy,he reachedthe finishline andranked20th.It wasntimportant whetherhe wonfirst place.It washisbrave heartand strongfaith thatmade somethingunusual happen.
25.Why didthecoachask David to makethe decisionA.The coachdidnt wantDavidtoget injured.B.The coachthought Davidwas tooweak torun.C.The coachfeared Davidwould bemade funof.D.The coachbelieved Davidshould focuson hisstudies.
26.How didDavidsclassmates viewhim atschoolA.They feltsorry forhim.B.They sawhim asa normalkid.C.They oftenplayed trickson him.D.They preventedhimfromactivities.
27.What canwe learnfrom DavidsstoryA.He wonfirst placewith othershelp.B.He wasthe mostmodest amongall thechildren.C.His behaviorsproved hisheart diseasewas aproblem.D.His determinationand faithmade theachievement special.CSpace explorationhas producedvaluable insightsabout Earth,the solarsystem andbeyond.However,massive space残骸.activity overthe pastfew decadeshas ledto unintendedorbital debrisEverylaunch ofsatellites orrockets addstotheproblem,increasing therisk thatnegatively influencesnot onlyspacemissions butalso futureendeavors.Since the1957launch ofSputnik1,human activityin Earthsorbit hascausedsignificant distortionsin space,raising seriousconcerns about the debrisleft behind.This everincreasingthreat can be bestunderstood throughthe Kesslersyndrome in space.This phenomenonoccurswhen objectsin lowEarth orbitLEO beeso crowdedthat theybegin tohit eachother,creating moredebris and more碰撞，collisions thusresulting inchain reactionsof mergersand fissions.Many expertswarn thatLEO ismovingtowards Kesslerssyndrome.Accidental collisionsinspacealso increasethe orbitaloverload,such asthe2009collision betweentwo satellites,Kosmos2251and Iridium
33.Such eventshave worsenedthe orbitaldebris problemand raisedthe prospectof disastrousspaceconditions.The needfor sustainablespace activitiesandthereduction ofspace debrisis beingemphasized globallyto addresstherising spacepollution.Therefore governmentshave issuedmany regulatorymeasures,including activedebrisremoval ADRtechnologies orpollution prevention,which areeither planned,tested,or alreadycarried outtoprotect bothexisting spacecraftand onesset tobe launched.Besides regulatorymeasures,several mitigatingmethods arealso usedto reducethe orbitaloverload.One suchmethodinvolves causinga satelliteto breakdown naturallyby bringingit closerto Earthssurface soit burnsup intheatmosphere.This methodis consideredcosteffective becausethe defunctsatellite canbe pushedtoward theEarths surfaceata loweraltitude usinga physicaltool likea netor anairbursting tool.Another similartechnology usesa harpoonthat isfiredinthedirection ofthe targetedspacecraft tocapture itand directit towardsEarth inan activemanner,causing thedebristo deorbitand planatmospheric incineration.To reducethe longtermrisk ofcollisions,the focusneeds tobe onreducing theamount ofdebris inthe orbit.International cooperationandcontinuedinvestment indebris reductiontechnologies arecarried outto reducethepotentially disastrousconsequences ofan overcrowdedorbit.
28.What isthe parimaryconcern regardingorbital debrisA.Its impact on weatherpatterns.B.Its impacton futurespace missions.C.Its impacton satellitemunication.D.Its impacton naturalatmospheric processes.
29.What doesthe underlinedword mitigating“in Paragraph6most probablymeanA.Lessening.B.Worsening.C.Curing.D.Strengthening.
30.What are some regulatoryand mitigationmeasures toaddress space debrisA.Frequent satellitelaunches.B.More spacetourism fortax.C.Active debrisremoval technologies.D.More spacetelescopes formonitoring.
31.What canwe learnfrom thispassageA.There areno existingmethods toreduce spacedebris.B.Reducing spacedebris callsfor jointand furtherefforts.C Thekessler syndromeisaminor concernfor spacemissions.（）D.Active debrisremoval ADRtechnologiesarethe onlysolution tospacedebris.D（化石）An internationalteam offossil huntershas discoveredthe remainsofanursery ofprehistoric seacreaturesin China.The fossilsdate backto around518million yearsago—a timeknown asthe CambrianPeriod,when alllife onEarthlived inthe oceans.It isvery rareto findsomanyfossils from the CambrianPeriod inone place.The scientists,led byXianfeng Yangfrom YunnanUniversity,found2,846fossils from118different speciesat thesite,near thecity ofKunming.They includeancient ancestorsof moderndayinsects,shellfish andworms,as well as extinct（三叶虫）.trilobites Seventeenofthespecies discoveredare newto science,andmorethan halfofthe fossils areyounganimals.This hasled researcherstotheconclusion thatthe sitewasasort ofdeepsea nurserywhere conditionswere wellsuitedfor youngcreatures togrow.When thesea bed was coveredby softmud（泥）these creaturesremains wereperfectlypreserved,eventually creatinga layerof fossilrichrock.Alongside hardbody parts,like bonesand teeth,soft tissuewas alsopreserved,which isespecially importantwhenlooking backtoaperiod whenmost animalshad softbodies.Some ofthefossilsaresowell preservedthatresearchers havebeen ableto spotbody partstheyve neverseen before.One benefitof allthe youngcreatures fossilsis thatscientists willbe ableto learnhow the creatures changedas theyaged.Well seehow differentbody partsgrew overtime,“explained researcherJulien Kimmig,from PennStateUniversity inthe US,which issomething wecurrently donot knowabout formost ofthese groups.Whafs more,Kimmigand hiscolleagues willbe ableto parethe creatureswith living things today.We willsee ifhowthese animalsdeveloptoday issimilar tohow theydeveloped500millionyearsago,or ifsomething haschanged throughouttime.^^A.Half ofthem areextinct seacreatures.B.They arespread outover differentsites.
32.What canwe learnaboutthefossils foundC.Some ofthem arepreviously unknownspecies.D.They belongto rareanimals livingintheoceans.A.They wereprotected inrocks.B.They wereburied inthe deepsea.
33.What keptthe creatures5remains frombeing damagedC.The seafloorwas coatedwith mud.D.The seabedwasin goodcondition.
34.What doscientists wantto learnfromthefossilsA.The creatures9age.C.Similarities betweenthese speciesgroups.D.The creatures9impactonlivingthingstoday.第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，共10分）B.Changes inthecreatures9growth.根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂选项中有两项为多余选项Culture shockisthefeeling ofuncertainty,confusion,or anxietythat peoplemay getwhen theylive inor visitanothercountry thatdiffers fromtheir own.35It canundoubtedly affectpeoples lives.Thefollowing aresome waysto dealwith cultureshock.Have agood understandingof cultureand cultureshock.There aremany factorsthat makeupaculture includingsharedbeliefs,traditions andmorals.36Its becausethey aresurrounded bypeople withthesame beliefsand values,and culturaldifferences areonly clearwhen youmeet someoneelses culture.（）（不知所措的）Keep ajournal HiEof yourthoughts.37And youare feelinga bitoverwhelmedwith the culture there.Rather thangiving into youranxiety,write itout.Write downhow youfelt atthe momentand whattroubledyou ormade youhappy thatday.You canalso putsomething downif youremissing anyonefrom your（隐居者）hometown.38Dont allowyourself tobee arecluse duringthis experience.Youcan shareyour feelingsand experienceswith yourrelatives andfriends.If youare studyingabroad andhave otherclassmateswho havesimilar feelings,connect withthem aswellaswith thosewho areadjusting abit moreeasily.Do somethings youusually like.Dont allowthecultureshock tooccupy yourmind.And tryto dosomethinginteresting toreplace arange ofnegative emotions,including anxiety,sadness,anger,homesickness,and sometimesevendepression.39Or practiceyour hobbieslike readingand dancing.A.Share yourculture.B.Talk toothers aboutyour experiences.C.Try tostep outsideof yourown culture.D.Sometimes sucha feelingcanbevery strong.E.You canwatch moviesor listento musicthat youenjoy.F.Many peopledont realizehow cultureinfluences them.G.Perhaps youhave recentlymoved toa newcity orcountry.第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共6小题;每小题2分，共12分）根据中文和给出的英文提示词语，完成下列英文句子将答案写在答题卡指定区域内唐人街是多元文化的一个重要组成部分（）（汉译英）
40.Chinatowns,diverse culture在那时候,来自中国的移民定居在这个地区（）（汉译英）
41.immigrants,settle.作为医生，我们必须对患者负责（）（汉译英）42responsible,patients工作了几年之后，林医生被派往欧洲学习（）（汉译英）
43.send,Europe太空探索给世界带来了种种好处（）（汉译英）
44.explore space,benefits在此之前，大部分人认为在太空旅行是一个无法实现的梦（）（汉译英）
45.travelling intospace,impossible dream第二节（20分）.假设你是红星中学李华，你的英国朋友暑期想要来中国旅游，了解中国少数民族文化请你给他写一46Jim封电子邮件，帮他推荐一座城市，内容包括.你的建议及理由；
1.你的祝愿2注意词数左右，开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数;L100可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯
2.Yours,Li HuaDearJim,。
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