高中英语人教版选修7Unit3UndertheSeaperiod2教案2

Unit3Under theSeaThe useof Ving作动名词时具有名词的特征，因而在句中用作主语、表语、宾语、定语，有时它可以有自己Ving的逻辑主语，也可以有时态和语态形式

一、形式的名词特征Ving形式否定形式为具有动词和名词的性质，在句中起名词作用，可作主语、宾语、Ving notdoing,表语和定语Laying eggsis theant queens fulltimejob.主语表语Her jobis teaching.宾语He isfond ofplaying football.定语developing countries定语.working people

二、形式作主语Ving形式作主语表示抽象的经常性的意义

1.Ving大声朗读对我们「学习——门外Reading aloudis veryimportant forus tolearn aforeign language.语是很重要的早睡早起被认为是一种好Going to bed earlyand gettingup earlyis consideredto bea goodhabit.习惯Ving形式在u It is no use/no good/fun/a wasteof time/a goodpleasure等名词+doing”结构中作主语，为形式主语it在这儿等没好处，咱们回家吧Its nogood waitinghere.Lets gohome.It is no useyour plaining;the panywont doanything about it.抱怨是没有用的，公司是不会管的形式在等形容词结构中作

②Ving It is useless/nice/good/interesting/worthwhile/worth+doing”主语It isdangerous usingthis methodto measurethe speedof light.用这种方法去测量光速是危险的Itis worthwhile consultingyour tutoraboutitagain.很值得再向你的指导老师咨询一下这个问题

③Ving形式在uThere iswasno+doing”结构中作主语.这种事开不得玩笑There isno jokingabout suchmattersThere isno denyingthe factthat Chinahas madea rapidprogress inevery aspectsince itwas founded.r不容抵赖这个事实，中国自它成立以来已在各个方面都取得了飞速的发展不许乱扔杂物There isno litteringabout.作宾语

2.Ving

①有些动词后面要求跟作宾语常这样用的动词有Ving承认；原谅；拖延；期望；想象练习；欣赏；admit excusepostpone anticipatefancy practiceappreciate完成；防止；避免；禁止；建议；考虑；宽恕；耽搁；finish preventavoid forbidpropose considerforgive delay想象；厌恶；否认；抵制；保留；冒险；讨厌；在意；错imagine resentdeny resistkeep riskdislike mindmiss过；建议；喜欢；原谅；逃避suggest enjoypardon escapeHemanaged to escape sufferingfrom thedisease.他设法避免患那种疾病Prof.Smith consideredgiving hisstudents areading listbefore theystarted thenext chapter.史密斯教授考虑在学生们学习下一章之前给他们一份读书清单When hecame backhome fromhis nightshift,Jason triedto avoidwakening hisfamily.当杰逊下夜班回到家时，他尽力不弄醒他的家人The suspectdenied turningon theputer inth.e officethat night.犯罪嫌疑人否认他那晚开过办公室的电脑

②有些动词短语后也要求跟动名词作宾语常这样用的动词短语有忍不住；忍不住；想欲；放弃；推迟can tstand cant helpfeel likegive upput offAfter hearingthe funnystory,all ofus couldnthelp laughingear to ear.听完了那个滑稽故事，我们忍不住大笑了你要不要去散步？Do youfeel liketaking awalk形式常跟在介词或介词短语后做宾语常这样用的介词短语有

③Ving等instead of,look forwardto,object to,keep on,see about,take toImlooking forwardto youring nexttime.我期待着您下一次的到来感谢你们给我提供了这么多的帮助Thank youfor offeringme somuch help.他喜欢观看体育竞赛He isfond ofwatching sportsgames.

④在“形式；have difficultytrouble,problem,a hardtime,fun,a goodtime+in+Ving bebusy形式；形式.；形式；in+Ving wastetime in+Ving losttime in+Ving There isno point in形式”等结构中，形式做介词宾语，常要省去+Ving Vingin孩子们忙于做作业The childrenare busydoing theirhomework.Thereisnopointin makingthe simpleexperiments onceagain.再做一次这种简单的实验是毫无意义的

二、动名词可具有时态意义动名词可以像动词那样表现时态意义,有一般式和完成式之分doing having done动名词的时态意义是一个相对的概念，从属于句中谓语动词一般式表示动名词的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生或在其后发生，或表示一般性动作，没有时间概念；完成式表示动名词的动作在谓语动词的动作之前发生The secretarywas scoldedfor not having finishedtyping thereport intime.那位秘书因没有按时将报告打印出来而受责备动名词的完成时态I regrethaving saidsome rudewords tomy brother.我后悔对我弟弟说了些粗话We haveno ideaof theirhavingdonesuch kindof thing.我们不知道他们干过这种事情

三、动名词可具有语态意义如果动名词与句中的逻辑主语构成被动关系，即逻辑主语是接受动名词的动作，需用其被动形式being done,having been doneo其否定形式是not beingdone,nothaving been donePeoplehate beingpraised fornothing.人们不喜欢无缘无故的赞扬这问题远没得到解决The problemis farfrom beingsolved,她不介意被一人留在家里She didntmind beingleft alone at home,注意

①在等动词之后作宾语时，常用动名词的主动式表示被动意want,need,require,deserve义你这车要充气了Your carneeds filling.这座城市值得光顾一下This citydeserves visiting.这个问题需要认真研究The problemrequires studyingcarefully.这些树需要浇水了The treeswant watering.

②在后面只能用动名词的主动态来表示被动意义be worthHissuggestion isworth considering.The bookisworthreading.

③在等动词后直接跟动名词形式作宾语，如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，其后用allow,advise,forbid,permit动词不定式作宾语补足语如W.e dontallow smokinghere.We dontallow studentsto smoke.Exercises

1.The.thief enteredthe roomwithout.A.noticing B.being noticedC.having noticedD.having beennoticed

2.Besides,she iskind andtender.A.beautiful B.being beautifulC.she beautifulD.is beautiful

3.He apologizedfor.A.his notbeing ableto eB.his beingnot ableto eC.his being able nottoeD.him notbeingabletoe

4.When heheard thebig noise,Tom stoppedand to the windowto seewhat washappening.A.to read;went B.reading;to goC.reading;going D.reading;went

5.1am busyfor theentrance examination,so Icant helphousework athome.A.preparing;doing B.preparing;to doC.to prepare;doing D.to prepare;to do

6.the examwill disappointyour parents.A.You failingB.Your failingC.You failD.You tofail

7.the samemistake againmade hisparents veryangry.A.His beingmade B.He hasmadeC.He hadmaking D.His making

8.1dont thinkits muchgood tohim.A.writing B.to writeC.write D.written

9.Such booksare notworthy atall.A.of being read B.beingreadC.reading D.to read

10.Itisnousewithout through.A.to read;understood B.reading;understandingC.to read;understand D.read;to understandr

11.Sorry,we dontallow inthe lectureroom.A.to smokeB.smoke.C.smoking D.to smoking

12.They dontpermit noiseher.A.to makeB.make C.making D.made

13.The sentencewants oncemore.A.to explainB.explainingC.being explainedD.to beexplained it

14.The squirrelwas luckythat itjust missed.A.catching B.to becaughtC.being caughtD.to catch

15.Ali saidthat shewouldnt mindaloneathome.代代A.left B.being IeC.to beIe D.leaving

16.She thekey.A.admitted takingB.admitted takingC.admitted havingtaken D.admitted to have taken

17.—Did youenjoy yourselflast night—Its verynice ofyou.I appreciatedtotheparty.A.tobeinvited B.tohaveinvited.C.being invitedD.havingbeeninvited。