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人教版必修一各单元知识点总结Unit12345One Friendship
一、重点短语经历,经受
1..go through通过;完成;接通电话get through记下,放下
2.set down一系列
3.a series of有目的的
4.on purpose为了
5.in orderto傍晚,黄昏时刻
6.at dusk面对面
7.face toface爱上
8.fall inlove参加(某个活动);
9.join in参加(活动)take partin加入(组织,团队,并成为其中一员)join冷静下来
10.calm down遭受
11.suffer from对...感到厌倦
12.be/get tiredof...关心、
13.be concernedabout与…相处融洽
14.get on/along wellwith擅长于…
15.be goodat/do wellin发现做某事是…
16.find it+adj.to do sth.不再
17.no longer/not...any longer・・・太多(后接不可数)
18.too muchn.太..(后接)much too・adj.直到…才
19.not...until做...并不开心
20.its nopleasure doing sth使某人成为…
21.make sb.sth.使某人做某事make sb.do sth.
二、语法--直接引语和间接引语概念:直接引语直接引述别人的原话一般前后要加引号例1This isthe placewhere=at/in which we firstmet.2The hotelwhere=in whichwe stayedwasnt veryclean.关系副词在定语从句中的用法
7.why关系副词在定语从句中作原因状语why区U
1.I didntget apay rise,but thiswasnt thereason why=for whichI left.二
2.The reasonwhy forwhich hehas latewas that he missedthe train.Unit5Nelson Mandela-a modernhero
一、重点词汇自私的
1.selfish无私的selfless致力于;献身于
2.devote oneselfto...对抗,反对
3.fight against为...而战fight for原则
4.principle校长;主要的principal...给...提供指导
5.offer guidanceto失业
6.out ofwork加入组织,俱乐部,成为其中一员
7.join参加活动join in参加活动take partin尽可能...
8.as+adj+as onecan=as+adj.+as possible事实上
9.as amatter offact=in fact爆炸,炸掉
1.blow up建立;着手,开始做
11.set upset aboutset aboutdoingsth.出发,动身;开始,出发set offset outset outto dosth.被判…
12.be sentencedto与…相等;胜任
13.be equalto为…感到自豪
14.be proudof分发散发出气味
15.give outgive off为…而死
16.die for死于(自身原因,如疾病)die of死于(外在原因,如车祸)die from实现..的梦想
17.realize one\s dreamof...位于句首时,要主谓倒装
18.only例Only thendid wedecide toanswer violencewith violence.Only inthis way,can weprotect theenvironment better.二.语法一.定语从句详见第四单元间接引语用自己的话转述别人的话间接引语在多数情况下可构成宾语从句且不要加引号彳列Mr.Black said,“Tm busy.”Mr.Black said that hewas busy.变化规则
(一)陈述句的变化规则直接引语如果是陈述句,变为间接引语时,用连词(可省略)引导,从句中的that人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语都要发生相应的变化人称的变化一一人称的变化主要是要理解句子的意思彳列
1.He said,“I likeit verymuch.f He saidthat he likedit verymuch.
2.He said to me,Tv leftmy bookin yourroom.”f Hetold methathehad lefthis bookin myroom.时态的变化直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时一般过去时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时过去完成时过去完成时例“I dontwant to set down a seriesof facts in a diary,“said Anne.-Anne saidthat shedidnt wanttosetdownaseriesoffactsina diary.The boy said JTmusing a knife.”f Theboysaidthathewas usingaknife.▲注意如果直接引语是客观真理,变为间接引语时,时态不变,如:He said,Light travels much faster than sound.”He saidthat lighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化直接引语间接引语this thatthesethosenow thenagobefore/earliertoday thatdayyesterday theday beforetomorrowthe next/following daytheday aftertomorrow Intwo daystimecome goheretherethe daybefore yesterdaytwo daysbefore/earlier
(二)祈使句的变化规则如果直接引语是祈使句,变为间接引语时,要将祈使句的动词原形变为带的不定to式,并根据句子意思在不定式前加上等动词,如果祈使句是否定句,tell/ask/order在不定式前面还要加上例notThe hostesssaid tous,“Please sit down.”f Thehostess askedus tositdown.Hesaid,Dont makeso muchnoise,boys.”f Hetold theboys notto makeso muchnoise.
(三)疑问句的变化规则如果直接引语是疑问句,变为间接引语时要把疑问句语序变为陈述句语序,句末用句号一般疑问句如果直接引语是一般疑问句,变为间接引语时,谓语动词是或say said时,要改为或原问句变为由引导的宾语从句例ask asked,if/whether“Do youthinka diarycan becomeyour friend^^the writersays.f Thewriter asksus ifwe thinkadiarycan becomeour friend.)特殊疑问句如果间接引语是特殊疑问句,变为间接引语时,仍用原来的引导2词,但疑问句要变为陈述句例“What doyou want”he askedme.-He askedme whatI wantedUnittwo Englisharound the world
一、重点短语与...不同
1.be differentfrom与•一样be thesame as・・相互,彼此()
2.one another=each other官方语言
3.official language在…结束时
4.at theend of因为(后接名词或名词性短语)
5.because of因为(后接句子)because说母语的人
6.native speakers根据,依据
7.be basedon目前;当今
8.at present特别,尤其
9.especially专门地specially利用
10.make useof・・・充分利用…make thebest of大量的,很多(作主语,谓语动词用复数)的数
11.a largenumber ofthe numberof...量(作主语,谓语动词用单数)事实上
12.in fact=actually=as amatter offact信不信由你
13.believe itor not没有这样的事…
14.there isno suchthing as....被期待做某事
15.be expectedto・・在…起作用
16.play apart/role in...…列清单
17.make listsof包括(前面接包括的对象)
18.included包括(后接包括的对象)Including命令某人去做某事
19.command sb.to dosth.从句(从句用原)command+that should+V要求某人做某事
20.request sb.to dosth.从句(从句用原)request+that should+V
二、语法…英语中的命令()语气和请求()语气・command request命令语气:表示直接命令某人做某事,语气比较重,不怎么礼貌,一般用于上级对下级彳列1,Look atthe example”,the teachersaidtous.
2.Open thewindow!请求语气:表示请求某人做某事,语气比较缓和,非常礼貌例
1.Would youlike tosee myflat”She asked.
2.Would youplease openthe windowUnit3Travel journal
一、重点短语-泛指旅行
1.travel--指长时间长距离的陆上旅行journey—指长距离的水上旅行,也可以指乘飞机旅行voyage--一一常指短时间短距离的旅行trip—一指周游,巡回旅游,tour-更加喜欢,宁愿
2.prefer to比起更喜欢prefer Ato BB,A比起做…,宁愿做…prefer doingto doing与其做…,不如…prefer to do ratherthan do流过,流经
3.flow through自从
4.ever since说服某人做某事
5.persuade sb.to dosth.喜欢
6.be fondof坚持做某事
7.insist ondoing从句(用原)insist+that should+V关心、
8.care about改变想法
9.change ones mind高度
10.altitude态度,看法attitude下定决心做某事
11.make upone,smindto do=decide todo=make adecision todo让步,屈服
12.give in放弃give up对…感到惊奇
13.be surprisedto...to one5s surprise令某人惊讶的是…最终
14.at last=finally=in theend停下来去做某事
15.stop todo停止做某事stop doing像往常一样
16.as usual如此…以至于…
17.so...thatSo+adj+a/an+n.+thatSuch+a/an+adj.+n.+that对…熟悉(人作主语)
18.be familiarwith为…所熟悉(物作主语)be familiarto
二、语法:现在进行时表将来现在进行时表将来,表示最近按计划或安排要进行的动作,常见的现在进行时表将来的动词有等.come/go/leave/arrive/travel/take/stay/do例我就来
1.Tm coming.你下个星期天做什么?
2.what areyou doingnext Sunday我听说你将沿湄公河旅行
3.1hear thatyou aretravelling alongMekong River.你们晚上待在哪里/
4.Where areyou stayingat nightUnitfour Earthquakes
一、重点短语立亥马上()
1.right awayU,=at once=in notime睡着的;熟睡地(入睡)
2.asleep fallasleep睡;睡眠sleep犯困的sleepy看来好像…;似乎
3.it seemsthat/as if...成为废墟
4.in ruins的数量(谓语动词用单数)
5.the numberof...大量(谓语动词用复数)a numberof营救人员
6.rescue workers营救某人Come toone^rescue被困
7.be trapped多长时间
8.how long多久,指平率how often还要多久(用于将来时当中,用时间段回答)how soonin+成千上万的
9.hundreds ofthousands of挖出
10.dig out泛指“动摇,震动”,常指左右、上下动摇,也可以指人“震惊,颤抖”彳
11.shake--列:
1.She feltthe earthshaking underhim.
2.She wasshaken withanger.指较强烈的震动,如地震quake-—彳列The buildingquaked onits foundation指人由于寒冷、恐惧、不安等引起的身体的抖动或声音的颤抖Tremble--例Suddenly Isaw herlips begin to trembleand tearsbegintoflow downhercheeks.多指寒冷引起的颤抖、哆嗦Shiver-—彳列A suddengust ofcold windmade meshiver.()上升;升起,无被动语态;引起
12.rise rose—risen----vi,give riseto()举起;筹集;养育Raise raised—raised——vt,()出现(常指问题或现象)Arise arose-arisen——vt,常指因意外事故造成的损伤,也可以指感情上名誉上的伤害
13.injure--例He wasinjured ina caraccident.泛指“伤害,损害”,既可以指有生命的,也可以指无生命的harm--彳列
1.He wasafraid thathis furywould harmthe child.
2.His businesswas harmedfor somereason.既可以指肉体上的伤害,也可以指精神上的伤害hurt--例
1.She hurther legwhen shefell.
2.He felthurt atyour word.一般指枪伤、刀伤等在战场上受的伤wound----彳列The bulletwounded himin thearm.为.•做准备
14.be preparedfor...=make preparationsfor...♦
15.in one5s honor向…表示敬意;为纪念做...感到很荣幸Be/feel honoredtodo...发言
16.make/give/deliver aspeech开幕词opening speech向提供庇护所
17.give/provide shelterto.・・・・・躲避seek shelterfrom...遭遇,发生
18.happen to+n./pron.偶然;碰巧happen todosth.指偶然发生happen----指事先计划好的事情发生take place—
二、语法-…定语从句概念:在复合句中,修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句成分:先行词,即被定语从句修饰的名词或代词;关系代词(宾格that,which,who为所有格为);或者关系副词等关系代词或whom,whose where,when,why关系副词处在先行词和定语从句之间,起着连接主从句的作用关系代词的用法
1.that关系代词在定语从句中既能指人,也能指物;既能做主语,也能做宾语例that)(指物,作主语)1A planeis amachine thatcan fly.指物,作宾语2The noodlesthat Icooked weredelicious.指人,作主语3Who isthe manthat isreading abook overthere指人,作宾语4The girlthat wesaw yesterdaywas Jimssister,关系代词的用法
2.which关系代词在定语从句中只能指物,但既可以做宾语也能作主语which彳列.作主语1They plantedsome treeswhich didntneed muchwater.作宾语2The fishwhichwebought thismorning werenot fresh关系代词的用法
3.who,whom关系代词只能指人,在定语从句中分别作主语和宾语who,whom例作主语1The foreignerwho helpedus yesterdayis fromUSA.作宾语、2The personto whomyou justtalked tois Mr.Li.关系代词在的用法
4.whose关系代词为关系代词的所有格形式,其先行词既可以是人也可以是物,whose who和它所修饰的名词在定语从句中既可以做主语也可以做宾语whose例指人,作主语1This isthe scientistwhose nameis knownall overtheworld.指物,作主语2The roomwhose windowfaces southis mine.指物,作宾语3He haswritten abook whosename Iveforgotten.关系副词的用法
5.when关系副词在定语从句中作时间状语when例1T11never forgetthe timewhen=during whichwe workedon thefarm.2Do youremember theafternoon when=on whichwe firstmet threeyearsago关系副词在定语从句中的用法
6.where关系副词在定语从句中做地点状语where。
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