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许昌高中22届高一年级10月第一次月考英语试卷第一部分:阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项ATeenage summercampsWe helpedon anature reserre（保护区）for aweek.We diddifferent thingsevery day,includingcutting thereeds（芦苇），by thelake.Every day,we tookturns tocook,in teamsof five.Whenit wasour teamsturn,we madea simpledinner ofpasta andsalad foreveryone.Judging by the factthat there was none left,we didn，t dotoo badly!-AdamWe stayedwith familieswho hadkids ourown age,and because they were on amid-term breaktheycame withus on all thetrips.So exceptwhen we were actuallyin alanguage class,we werespendingtime withour newfriends.It wasa greatway topractice thelanguage we had beenworkingon in the classroom.-OliverEvery morningwe hadthe samebreakfast,and thencleaned upthe camp.When it was allpletelytidy,we couldhead offfor theday.The firsttime wewent into the city,wewereput intoteamsand givenlists ofthings tospot,like statues,squares andother landmarks.With somehelp fromthelocals,my teamfound almostall of the thingson ourlist andcame second.We wentto differentmuseums and galleries in and around the city everyday.It wasa greatchance tolearn aboutanothercountry and its history.-SarahWe stayedin ayouth centerin thesuburbs,and wentinto thecenter oftown bybus everyday.It wasa goodway tosee abit of the city,anditdidn，t takelong to get to the theaterwhere wehadour classes.I lovedthe atmosphere in theold building,and wecould walkaround duringourbreaks andwatch rehearsal.We
13.Which of the fallowingis theleast popularA.Chiclets B.Gumballs.C.Dubble Bubble.D.Blibber Blubber.
14.What wasspecial aboutDubble Bubblewhen it was inventedA.It waspink-colored.B.It wascandy-coated.C.It washard toremove from one，s skin.D.It was invented bya USmilitary member.
15.What doesthe textmainly introduceA.The popularityof gum.B.The historyof bubblegum.C.The originsof chewing gum.D.The inventionof the gumball machine.【答案】
12.C
13.D
14.A
15.B【解析】这是一篇说明文文章主要介绍了泡泡糖的起源和历史【12题详解】细节理解题根据第二段中Santa Anna gave some to thepart-time inventorThomas Adams.Thomas Adamschangedthegumand marketedit asa candy.（Santa Anna给了兼职发明家Thomas Adams一些ThomasAdams将口香糖改头换面，将其作为一种糖果推向市场）可知Thomas Adams把Santa Anna给他的树胶变成了口香糖故选C【13题详解】推理判断题根据第三段中Blibber Blubberwas toosticky anditwasalso toodifficult toremovethe burstbubble fromone，s skinwithout usingsome specialtools.（Blibber Blubber太粘了，不使用一些特殊的工具就很难把皮肤上破裂的泡沫去除）可推知因为Blibber Blubber的特性,BlibberBlubber最不受欢迎故选D【14题详解】细节理解题根据倒数第三段中Pink wasthe onlycolor whichcould beused at the time,and DubbleBubblehas remainedpink ever since.（粉红色是当时唯一可以使用的颜色，Dubble Bubble从那时起一直保持粉红色）可知当Dubble Bubble被发明出来的时候，它的特别之处是它是粉色的故选A【15题详解】主旨大意题根据文章第三段A historyof bubblegumjust wouldnt beplete withoutmentioning thegumball machine,which popularizedgum.The firstgumball machinecame ontothe scene in1907andsold sugar-coated chewing gum.（泡泡糖的历史如果不提到普及了泡泡糖的口香糖机就不完整了1907年，第一台口香糖机问世，并开始销售涂了糖衣的口香糖）以及文章的主要内容是围绕着泡泡糖的历史展开，可知本文主要介绍泡泡糖的历史故选B第二节七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项选项中有两项为多余选项Are youstressed out,scared orworried all the timeDo youavoid goingto certain places,seeing friendsor doingcertain thingsbecause of your worriesDo yourworries keepyou awakeatnight16Anxiety is a normaland necessarypart oflife.Anxiety isyour brain，s wayof tellingyou aboutdanger.It is anxiety thathelps youjump out of the way ifa caris speedingtowards you.But ifit gets out of hand,anxiety canget in the wayof yougetting onwith lifeand can bee a real problem.17Anxiety is a normalpart oflife.18There arelots ofreasons forthis.One mainreason isafterstressful thingwhich hashappened inyour life.So ifyou areinvolved in a carcrash,itsquite likelythat youwill bemore worriedthan otherpeople aroundcars anddriving.19If yourparents sufferfrom anxiety,then youare morelikely tobe anxioustoo.Thisis probablypartly dueto genetics,and partlybecause ofhow thingsare whenyoure growingup.Even thoughpeople don，t talk about itmuch,anxiety isone ofthe mostmon mentalhealth problems.About1in4people willhave ananxiety problemat sometime in their life.If youhave ananxiety problem,its hardfor otherpeople tounderstand whysomething thatdoesn，t worrythem,like beinginacrowd ofpeople,canbeso scaryfor you.This canmake youfeelseparated andlonely,as waybee worseand worse.20These includetalking-即fes（疗法）and drugs.A.If thisis thecase for you,treatment maybe ahelpful wayforyouto getyour anxietyundercontrol.B.Being anxiousalso probablyruns infamiles.C.The goodnews is there arelots ofexcellent treatmentsavailable foranxiety.D.Almost everybodyhas acertain degreeof anxietyin certainsituations.E Some people may feel uneasy if moving to a new placeand somemay getoverly anxiousin certainsituation.F.Those suffering from anxietyneed others，understanding badly.G.If youve answered yes,you maybe sufferingfrom anxiety.【答案】
16.G
17.A
18.E
19.B
20.C【解析】这是一篇说明文文章主要说明了焦虑是几乎每个人都会经历的，分析了导致焦虑的原因，以及说明了处理焦虑问题的方法【16题详解】根据题意，此处通过三个不同的问句，引出本文谈论的中心观点焦虑，本空起到了承上启下的作用，突出了本文的核心词汇“焦虑”而下文的第一句Anxiety isa normaland necessarypart oflife.（焦虑是生活中正常和必要的一部分）便提到了焦虑，故G选项“If you，veansweredyes,you maybesufferingfrom anxiety.（如果你的回答是肯定的，那么你可能患有焦虑症）”既能承接回答上文的问题，又能按时下文内容故选G【17题详解】根据上文But ifitgetsout ofhand,anxiety canget in thewayofyougetting onwith lifeandcan beearealproblem.（但如果它失去控制，焦虑会阻碍你的生活，成为一个真正的问题）可知上文说明了焦虑是生活中常见的现象，然后举例了生活中一些因为焦虑给人们生活带来的一些麻烦，可推知下文说明控制焦虑的方法如果你也有焦虑失去控制的情况，治疗可能是一种有效的方法来控制你的焦虑故选A【18题详解】根据上文Anxiety isa normalpart oflife.（焦虑是生活中正常的一部分）可推知下文说明日常生活中哪些情况会导致焦虑的发生，故E选项“Some peoplemayfeeluneasyifmovingtoanewplaceand somemay getoverly anxiousin certainsituation.（如果搬到一个新的地方，有些人可能会感到不安，有些人可能会在某些情况下变得过度焦虑）”能起到承上启下的作用，符合语境故选E19题详解】结合本段内容If yourparents sufferfromanxiety,then youare morelikely tobe anxioustoo.Thisis probablypartly dueto genetics,and partlybecause ofhow thingsare whenyou，re growingup.（如果你的父母患有焦虑症，那么你也更有可能焦虑这可能部分是由于基因，部分是由于你成长的环境）可知是在说明焦虑在家庭中发生的情况故选B【20题详解】根据下文These includetalking therapies（疗法）and drugs.（这些包括谈话疗法和药物）可知是在说明治疗焦虑的方法，包括谈话疗法和药物治疗故C选项“好消息是有很多治疗焦虑的好方法”符合语境故选C第二部分:语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20题:每小题15分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Our schoollunch menuneeds amakeover（改进）.Many studentsthink schoollunch tastesbad,and theyeither don，t21it,or theythrow itaway.With thegrowing22of overweightkids,the schoolneeds to make a23lunch menuwith healthier,tastier options.One optionI thinkthe schoolshould24isa daily pizza option.Almost every kid25pizza.If youask kids,they11tell youthat pizzatastes great.26theschool had a pizza option,students wouldeat lunchmore,so lessfood wouldbe
27.The schoollunch programcould makea lotmore
28.Even thoughpizza29good,it can also bea veryhealthy food.In additionto pizzamade withwhole-wheat dough（全麦面团），low-fat cheesepizza oreven pizzawithout cheesecould beoffered.Today,with the school30vegetables likebroccoli（西兰花）or spinach（菠菜），most foodgoesin thegarbage.31,kids willeatalmost anykind ofvegetables一and evensome fruits一if they，reonpizza.Pizza canalso bevery fastand32tomake,which wouldbe goodfor ourcafeteria（餐厅）staff.The staffcould makethe dough33time.They couldalso buyfrozen dough.Then,allthe staff34to dois addtoppings,cheese,and bake（烤）it.You alsoeat pizzawith yourshands,which35thestaffwould havefewer knivesAnd forksto wash.Somepeoplewi11probably36the ideaof apizzaoptionbecause pizzais oftenconsidered〃junk food37a regular,healthy meal.Most take-out pizzais madewith unhealthyingredients（M$4）.But pizzacanalsobe madewith38ingredients.The schoolshould addadailypizzaoptionto thenewlunch menu.Not onlywould39pizza begreat for the students,but itwould also40,theschool lunchprogram.
21.A.buy B.keep C.see D.share
22.A.popularity B.problem C.difficulty D.power
23.A.new B.free C.main D.similar
24.A.change B.get C.consider D.limit
25.A.remembers B.cooks C.tries D.loves
26.A.Before B.Though C.If D.Because
27.A.provided B.wasted C.paid D.allowed
28.A.progress B.money C.decisions D.preparations
29.A.tastes B.looks C.smells I）,sounds
30.A.mixing B.growing C.storing D.selling
31.A.After allB.Anyway C.For exampleD.However
32.A.easy B.possible C.necessary D.hard
33.A.behind B.beyond C.ahead ofD.outof
34.A.wants B.needs C.agrees D.offers
35.A.hopes B.explains C.proves D.means
36.A.test B.wele C.be againstD.talkaboutB.except forC.as wellas D.in place
37.A.rather thanof
38.A.basic deliciousB.healthy C.local D.
39.A.collecting
40.A.follow【答案】
21.A
22.B.receiving C.serving D.enjoyingA
30.D
31.D B.create C.use D.help
27.
39.C
40.D B
23.A
24.C
25.D
26.C B
28.B
29.
36.C
32.A
33.C
34.B
35.D
37.A
1.5分，满分15分）语法填空I paida visit41Cambridge lastJanuary.Though thetrip tookme5hours andit rainedthewhole daywith strongwinds,the towndeserved avisit.The busstarted at6:10am.It stoppedat4stops beforewe finallyarrived,42wasted moretime thanwehadexpected.43tire withlong timeof sitting,one passengerstoodup torelax hisnumb麻木的legs.The driverasked himto sit down butin vain.So hepulled upandsaid44serious,“You eithergetoff orsit down.〃To him,45safe wasthe firstpolicy.Cambridge consistsof nearlythirty colleges.The46old part ofthe university wasbuiltin the13th century47the newestwas foundedin themid-1960s.The numberofthestudents48beso greatthat manystudents livein lodgings出租房and moveinto collegefor theirfinal year.The heartof Cambridgehas shops,pubs,and supermarkets,but mostof itis universitycolleges,departments,libraries andother placesfor universitystaff andstudents.Students fillthe shops,cafes,banks andchurches,49make themas wellpartoftheuniversity.With over10,000undergraduates andpostgraduates,the townisabusy placeindeed.Studentshere arenot allowed50keep cars.If youhappen tobe walkinginthestreet duringa break,you，d betterstop fora momentto avoidthe seaof bicycleshurrying inall directions,which carrystudentsfrom onecollege ora lectureroom toanother.【答案】
41.to
42.which
43.Tired
44.seriously
45.safety
46.oldest
47.while
48.is
50.to keep
1.What dowe knowabout thefood Adam，s teammadeA.It didn，t tastegood.B.It wasvery popular.C.It seemedunhealthy.D.It washis favoritefood.
2.Who tookpart ina culturecamp A.Adam.B.Oliver.C.Sarah.D.Malika.
3.Which wordcan bestdescribe Malikascamp experienceA.Tiring.B.Moving.C.Shaming.D.Satisfying.【答案】
1.B
2.C
3.D【解析】这是一篇说明文主要是四个学生描述各自的青少年夏令营经历【1题详解】细节理解题根据第一段最后一句Judging bythe factthattherewasnoneleft,we didn，tdotoobadly!（从一个都不剩的事实来判断，我们做得不太糟！）可知亚当的团队做的食物非常受欢迎故选B【2题详解】推理判断题根据第三段中We wentto differentmuseumsandgalleriesinand aroundthecityeveryday.It wasa greatchance tolearn aboutanother countryand itshistory.（我们每天都去不同的博物馆和美术馆这是一个了解另一个国家及其历史的好机会）依据Sarah去的地方是不同的博物馆和美术馆这些与文化相关的地方，可以推断Sarah参加了一个文化夏令营故选C【3题详解】推理判断题根据最后一段中I lovedthe atmosphereintheold building,and wecould walkaroundduring ourbreaks andwatch rehearsals.We learneda greatdeal andIm lookingforward toputtingit allintopracticeat myschooldramaclub nextterm!（我喜欢老建筑里的气氛，我们可以在休息时间四处走走，看排练我们学到了很多东西，我期待下学期在戏剧俱乐部把这些都付诸实践！）可推知Malika的夏令营经历是令人满意的第三部分:写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题:每小题1分，满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文，文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删改或修改增加在缺词处加一个漏字符号
（八），并在其下面写出该加的词删除把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉修改在错词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词注意
1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分It is known to all,sports areplaying amore andmore importantrole inpeople s life.Lastweek a sports programwas holdin our school.All thestudents tookan activepart inall kindofsports,such asfootball,basketball,run,swimming,bike ridingand soon.They petedagainst eachother and cheerfor eachother as well.They saidthey werefond withsuch a program.I alsoenjoyed ita lotof andI thinkwe studentsshould dosports everyday.They cannotonly build up our bodies but also helpedus studymore efficient.Only inthis waywill welead healthyandwonderful life.【答案】isknown toallsports areplaying amore andmore importantrole inpeople:slife.Last weeka hold.一・kind匚女亩卡sports programwasin ourschool.All thestudents tookan activepart inall ofsports,such asfootball,一―basketball^^swimming,bike ridingand soon.They competedagainst eachotherandcheer4〜ril nCT方缸,witheac^山红we^-cheered saidthey werefond suchaprogram.八Only inthis wayuill welead healthyanda晨,efficientj-helped,up ourbodies but alsoITefficientlyus studymore wonderfullife.I alsoenjoyed ita lotM andI thinkwe studentsshoxild dosports everyday.They cannot onlybuild【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文文章记叙了上周作者举办的一个体育活动的详细情况和作者的感想【详解】
1.考查固定短语句意众所周知，体育正在人们的生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色短语asweall know/as isknowntoall“众所周知”，是固定短语，故It改为As
2.考查被动语态句意上周我们举办了一个体育活动主语asportsprogram与谓语动词hold构成被动，故应用过去分词，hold改为held
3.考查名词的数句意所有的学生都积极参加各种运动，如足球、篮球、跑步、游泳、骑自行车等等短语all kindsof“各种各样的”，应使用kind的复数形式，故kind改为kinds
4.考查非谓语动词根据下文swimming可知，此处为并列非谓语结构，前后保持一致，故run改为runni ngo
5.考查动词时态本句为and连接两个并列谓语，前后并列结构应该一致，上文peted为过去时，故cheer也应为过去时故cheer改为cheeredo
6.考查固定短语短语be fondof“喜欢；喜爱”后跟of,故with改为of
7.考查副词用法a lotof修饰名词，此处需要a lot作副词修饰动词enjoy,介词of多余，故去掉of
8.考查固定用法本句为not only…butalso…引导的并列结构,根据上文not onlybuildupourbodies谓语动词为原形，故help也应用原形，故helped改为help
9.考查副词study为动词，需要副词修饰，故efficient改为efficiently
10.考查冠词life为可数名词，此处表示泛指“一个健康美好的生活”，故应在lead后添加不定冠词Ho第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.你班将在本周五下午举行一场主题为“阅读的重要性”的英语演讲比赛请围绕该主题写一篇演讲稿，需包含以下要点
1.你认为现在很多人不喜欢阅读的原因是什么？
2.你认为阅读重要吗？为什么？注意
1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数Hello,everyone.It isa greathonor forme tospeak here.The topicof my speech isthesignificance ofreading.Thats all.Thanks foryour attention.【答案】Hello,everyone.It isa greathonor formetospeak here.The topicof myspeechisthesignificance ofreading.As weall know,many peopledon，t readas muchas theyused toforthefollowing reasons.First,people areso busywith heavywork andlife thatthey findit hardto enjoyreading quietly；second,people onlyread e-books torelax orkeep themaway fromworking pressure.As forme,I believethat readingis very significant inour life.It providesus notonly withpleasurebutalsoinformation.Whats more,reading candevelop peoplesthinking skillsand broadentheirhorizons aswell.I benefita lotthrough readingbecause readingbrings memuch funand knowledge.I hopeall ofyou canlove reading.That，s all.Thanks foryour attention.【解析】【分析】本文属于应用文，要求写一篇演讲稿【详解】本篇书面表达要求就阅读重要性写一篇演讲稿，要求列举现在很多人不喜欢阅读的原因，然后提出自己的看法文章主体部分可分为两个段落，分别写两个要点，每段的开头可直接点明本段的中心，层次分明，一目了然注意，本文的基本时态是一般现在时【点睛】本篇书面表达结构清晰明了，表达准确连接词运用到位是本文的一大特色，如first,second,not onlybutalso,whats more同时，文中使用了若干高级句式，突显了文章的档次，如定语从句As weall know；结果状语从句so busywith heavywork andlife thatthey；宾语从句thatreading isverysignificantinourlife整篇文章语言精确，衔接紧密，是一篇佳作故选DoBAddyson Moffittis an8-year—old fromKansas City,Missouri.Maurine Ghelagatisa9-year-oIdfrom avillage inKenya calledBartabwa.It mightnot seemas ifthe girlshave muchin mon,butwhen theymet at a dinnertwo yearsago.in Kansas City,they immediatelyhit itoff.“We hadthis onelittle redball toplay with,Addyson toldTIME forKids.uWe didn，t haveany electronics or phones,no iPadsor TV.It wasjust us playing.”Addyson and Maurine still keepin touchnow.The dinnerwas hostedbythenonprofit groupWorld VisionInternational,which buildswells,pipelines,and raincatchers inmunities wherepeople findit hardto getclean water.Addyson,wasat thedinner becauseher familysupports World Vision.Maurine wasthere becauseher villagehadbeen withoutclean water.World Visionfixed thatby buildinga waterstation there.“People helpedMaurine soshe couldhave clean water,and kidsare dyingbecausetheydonthave it,“Addyson says.〃I want to help.”Races areone wayWorld Visionraises moneyto payfor itswater projects.Runners runa race,often a26-mile marathonor13-mile half marathon.They askpeople tosupport themby donating（捐赠）to World Vision.Addyson decidedto runthe2017KansasCity Half Marathonfor World Vision.At age7,she wasoneoftheyoungest-ever runnersintherace,and had to getspecial permissionto takepart.Addyson spentfour monthstraining with her parents,waking upbefore6a.m.to run.Meanwhile,she startedfundraising（募捐）by askingfriends tomake donationsas birthdaypresents andclearingtables ata restaurant for tips.By October2017,when Addysonran therace,she，d raisedmore than$20,
000.Shes theyoungestperson in World Vision history to raise morethan$10,
000.In2018,she ranagain andraised$
36.
000.But Addysonswork isnot finished.My goalis foreverykid to haveclean water,“she says.A.Became friends.B.Hit on a goodidea.C.Helped eachother.D.Reached anagreement.
5.What canwe learnabout Addyson，s familyA.They aregood atmarathons.B.They runa restaurantin Kansas
4.What doesthe underlinedpart〃hit itoff〃in ParagraphI probablymeanC.They aregenerous andwarm-hearted.D.They foundedWorld VisionCity.International.
6.Why didAddyson runthe KansasCityHalfMarathonA.To meetup withMaurine.B.To petewithher parents.C.To geta chanceto havecleanwater.D.To raisemoney forkids likeMaurine.
7.What recordhas Addysonmade inWorldVisionhistoryA.The firstkid tofinish ahalfmarathon.B.The firstrunner toraise morethan$20,
000.C.The youngestrunner ina26-mile marathon.D.The youngestkidtoraise morethan$10,
000.【答案】
4.A
5.C
6.D
7.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文主要记叙了八岁的女孩Addyson通过参加马拉松比赛为世界宣明会水利项目筹集资金，向世界宣明会呼吁人们支持他们【4题详解】词义猜测题根据下文中We hadthis onelittle redball toplay with,v Addyson toldTIME forKids.We didn，t haveany electronicsor phones,no iPadsor TV.It wasjust usplaying.v AddysonandMaurinestill keepin touchnow.（“我们有——个小红球玩，Addyson告诉TIME forKids“我们没有任何电子产品或,没有ipad或电视o只是我们在玩Addyson和Maurine现在仍然保持联系）可知看似没有共同点的Addyson和Maurine,两年前在堪萨斯城的一次宴会上，他们一见面就一见如故，成为了朋友故可推测划线短语意思为“成为朋友”故选A【5题详解】推理判断题根据倒数第三段中Addyson spentfour monthstraining withherparents,waking upbefore6a.m.to run.Meanwhile,she startedfundraising byasking friendstomake donationsas birthdaypresents andclearing tablesatarestaurantfortips.（Addyson花了四个月的时间和她的父母一起训练，早上6点前起床跑步与此同时，她开始募集资金，让朋友们捐款作为生日礼物，并在一家餐厅清理桌子收小费）可知Addyson的父母和Addyson一起训练参加比赛可知Addyson一家非常热心，以及Addyson的父母愿意让Addyson筹集的资金用来帮助他人可知Addyson的父母非常慷慨大方故选C【6题详解】2田节理解题根据第五段Races areone wayWorldVisionraises moneyto payfor itswater projects.Runners runa race,often a26-mile marathonor13-mile halfmarathon.They askpeople tosupportthem bydonating toWorldVision.（比赛是世界宣明会为其水利项目筹集资金的一种方式跑步者参加一场比赛，通常是26英里的马拉松或13英里的半程马拉松他们向世界宣明会呼吁人们支持他们）可知Addyson参加堪萨斯城半程马拉松赛，为像Maurine这样的孩子筹集资金故选D【7题详解】细节理解题根据倒数第二段中Shes theyoungest personinWorldVisionhistorytoraisemorethan$10,
000.（她是世界宣明会历史上筹集到一万多美元的最年轻的人）可知Addyson创造了世界宣明会历史上筹集了超过1万美元的最年轻的孩子故选Do【点睛】词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为
①定义猜词，可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义如文中常用refer to,be called或that sto say,such as等
②逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义，例如，similarly,the sameas,but,however,while,on theother hand,since,because等，所猜词与这些提示词前/后面部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果
③语法猜词，可以根据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词
④语境猜词，猜测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析,同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章
⑤指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，做题时要注意指代词的位置，以便于判断，然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其逻辑、意义、位置等是否一致，最后比较所找部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项如第题，根据下文中“We hadthis onelittle redball toplay with,“AddysontoldTIME forKids.We didn，t haveanyelectronicsorphones,no iPadsor TV.It wasjustusplaying.Addyson andMaurinestillkeepin touchnow.（我们有一个小红球玩，Addyson告诉TIME forKids“我们没有任何电子产品或,没有ipad或电视只是我们在玩Addyson和Maurine现在仍然保持联系）可知看似没有共同点的Addyson和Maurine,两年前在堪萨斯城的一次宴会上，他们一见面就一见如故，成为了朋友故可推测划线短语意思为“成为朋友”故选ACr ma singleperson andlive withmy dog.Jed isn，t justmy dog.He ismy family.He goeseverywherewith me.So I was overjoyedlast yearto hearthat Bunningswas allowingdogs ona leash（皮带）-into theirstores.But nosooner hadthe ruleeinthan itwas quicklyr即ea/e（撤销）.A littlegirl in Victoriahad walkedup toa JackRussell ina storeand beenbi£ten（咬伤）.That wasit.No moredogs.I don，t knowthe wholestory.But here*s whatI haveto say:dogs bitesometimes andkidsare sometimesdifficult tocontrol.There isnothing Ilove morethan akid whowants totouch Jed.But what，s evenbetter iswhenthey askpermission first.Iwasatmylocal dogpark last week.Its huge,with anoff-leash dogarea toone sideanda fenced-off kidsplayground agood distanceaway.There wasa familythere thatmorning一parentsand twoyoung girlsplaying nearthe dogarea.The eldergirl startedcrying atthe sightof Jed一puppy!There apuppy!〃Jed wentright upand startedlicking（^）her,which onlymade hercrylouder.My dogwas frightenedand triedto getaway.The littlegirl ranafter him,shouting loudly.The parentsdid nothing;they justlet theirkid frightenmy dogand thensaid I should have stoppedhim fromlicking her.While theyhadachoice toplay elsewhere,I didnot.So Ihadtowalk Jedaway.“I justdon，t wantto haveto meeta dogwhen Igo shopping,z，said onecaller ona radioshowyesterday.Look,I getthat.But thething is,I don，t always wantto have yourkid kicktheback ofmy seat for two hours ona plane.When Ilived inthe UKand theUS,I couldn，t walkthrough thestores withoutstopping topatdogs.Why can，twefollow theirpractice
8.What dowe knowabout JedA.He isa troublemaker.B.He meansa lottothe author.C.He isthe author，s onlyfriend.D.He oftengoes shoppingwith:the author.
9.Why didBunnings stopfollowing the ruleA.A girllost herdog there.B.Dogs werebadly-behaved.C.Most peoplewere againstit.D.It wantedto keepits customerssafe.
10.What happenedatthedog parkA.The littlegirl washurt.B.Jed wastreated unfairly.C.Jed playedhappily withthe girl.D.The parentsstopped theirdaughter.11What doestheauthorthink ofthe caller，s wordsA.Meaningless.B.Hurtful.C.Reasonable.D.Touching.【答案】
8.B
9.D
10.B
11.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文文章主要从作者自身经历出发，表达了作者对于社会上对待动物的不公平现象的看法【8题详解】细节理解题根据第一段中Jed isn，t justmy dog.He ismy family.（杰德不仅仅是我的狗他是我的家人）可知杰德对作者来说意义重大故选B【9题详解】细节理解题根据第二段But nosooner hadtheruleeinthan itwas quicklyrepealed.A littlegirlinVictoriahad walkedup toa JackRussell ina storeand beenbitten.That wasit.No moredogs.（但这条规定刚一实施就很快被废除了维多利亚州的一个小女孩在一家商店里走向一只杰克罗素犬，结果被咬了就这样不能有狗进商店了）可知Bunnings停止遵守这一规定，因为它想保证顾客的安全故选D【10题详解】细节理解题根据第六段My dogwas frightenedand triedtogetaway.The littlegirl ranafterhim,shouting loudly.The parentsdid nothing;they justlet theirkid frightenmy dogand thensaidIshouldhavestoppedhim fromlicking her.（我的狗吓坏了，想逃跑小女孩在他后面跑，大声喊叫父母什么也没做;他们只是让他们的孩子吓唬我的狗，然后说我应该阻止他舔她）可知在狗公园杰德受到了不公平的待遇故选B【11题详解】推理判断题根据倒数第二段“I justdon，t wanttohaveto meeta dogwhen Igo shopping,z，saidone calleronaradio showyesterday.Look,I getthat.But thething is,I dontalwayswanttohave yourkid kickthe backofmyseatfortwohoursonaplane.（“我只是不想在购物时遇到一只狗，”昨天在一个广播节目中，一位打的人说我明白了但是问题是，我并不想让你的孩子在飞机上花两个小时踢我的座椅靠背）可推知作者认为打的人的话语很伤人故选B【点睛】细节理解题大多是根据文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其它类型问题的基础该题型几乎都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息，或是其变体在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题和选项有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案正确选项虽然一般不是原文照搬，但是一般是原文的改写，意思不变如换一个同义词，把否定改为肯定，把肯定改为否定等如第题，根据第一段中Jed isn，t justmy dog.He ismy family.（杰德不仅仅是我的狗他是我的家人）可知杰德对作者来说意义重大故选BDChewing gum（□香糖）has itsorigins inancient timesfrom Mayansto Greekswho wouldchewthe resin（树脂）of certaintrees formedical purposesand maybeeven forfreshening breath.Thehistory ofchewinggumcontinued asNative Americansintroduced it to Europeansettlers.Chewing gumhit themarket afterSanta Annabrought acase ofchicle（糖胶树脂）from MexicotoNew York.Santa Annagave sometothepart-time inventorThomas AdamsThomas Adamschanged thegumand marketedit asa candy.The inventiontook offand wasknown asChiclets.In1900Frank Fleercoate chewinggum withsugar,and in1906Blibber Blubberwas invented,but nevermade it to market.Blibber Blubberwas toosticky anditwasalso toodifficult toremovethe burstbubble（破了的泡泡）fromone，s skinwithout usingsome specialtools.A historyof bubblegumjust wouldnt beplete withoutmentioning thegumball machine,whichpopularized gum.The firstgumballmachinecame ontothe scenein1907and soldsugar-coated chewinggum.However,it wasn，t until1928that bubblegumwas created.Walter Diemer,working forFrankFleers gumpany,discovered bubblegumby accidentwhile experimentinginthelab duringhis breaks,The gumwas namedBubble Bubble.Pink wasthe onlycolor whichcould beused atthe time,and DubbleBubblehas remainedpink eversince.According tothe InternationalChewing GumAssociation,during WWIIDubble Bubblewas handedoutby USmilitary membersas gifts,thereby spreadingits popularityamong thepeoples ofEurope,Africa,and Asia.And inthe1930s hefirst bubblegumcards appeared.〃the pictureschanged fromwarheroes toWild Westfigures toprofessional athletes.z，Bubblegum hasbeen populareversince,especially amongchildren,thanks toits inventiveshapes,and sugaryflavors,from originalbubblegum toa yardstickof fruitybubblegum.
12.How didThomas Adamsdeal withthe chicle,that SantaAnnagaveto himA.He soldittothe military.B.He introducedittoEuropeans.C.He turnedit intochewinggum.D.He usedit formedical purposes.。
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