还剩14页未读,继续阅读
本资源只提供10页预览,全部文档请下载后查看!喜欢就下载吧,查找使用更方便
文本内容:
届高考英语小题必练名词20211年级:姓名:
9.They oftengive performin pubsat weekends.【答案】performances【解析】performance,名词,表演give是及物动词,后面加名词或者代词根据They often可知,用复数,故填performances
10.Tom wasdoi nghi s homework and the boyswho wereplaying outs ide hi s houseaddedanxious tohim.【答案】anxiety【解析】anxiety焦虑,令人焦虑的事;anxiety作“令人着急、焦虑的事”解,是可数名词,引申可表示为某事焦虑,常译成“渴望,热望,焦虑”,是不可数名词故填anx ietyo
11.We a I Ihave anexpectthat hecan passthe drivingtest nextweek.【答案】expectation【解析】本空要使用名词做宾语,名词expectation“期盼”是可数名词,根据an可知,使用单数形式,故填expectat iono
12.We hadno hesitatein helping the suffererswhen theterr ibIeearthquakehit thecountry.【答案】hesitation【解析】have nohesitation indoing sth.毫不犹豫地做某事,固定搭配故填hesitationo
13.The arriveof thepIane hasbeen de Iayed dueto thefog.【答案】arr iva I【解析】此处用名词作主语,arrival名词,到达故填arrival
14.I nmany waysmy d i sab I ehas he I pedme growstrongerpsychologically andbecome moreindependent.【答案】d i sab i I i ty【解析】形容词性物主代词后跟名词形式,disable的名词形式是disabi I ity,根据has可知,此处使用其单数形式,故填disabi Iityo
15.Compared to the advantagesof the I nternet,those of the television a Ionewi I I notbe enoughto ensureits survive,and manypeopIeth i nk the Iatter wiI Ibe rep Iaced.【答案】survivaI【解析】its是形容词性物主代词,修饰名词,surv ive是动词,其名词是surv iva I,意为幸存,生存故填survival
16.Youd bettertake intoaccount yourown strongand weaknessesbefore choosi ngamajor.【答案】strengths【解析】your是形容词性物主代词,后面要接名词;strength力量,优势,可数名词,根据后面的and weaknesses可知,此处应用相应的名词复数形式故填strengthso
17.The IittIeboy wascur iousabout everythingaround him,and hi s parentsa Iwayssat i sf i ed h i scur ious.【答案】cur iosity【解析】his为形容词性物主代词,后面需接名词,curiosity好奇心,不可数名词故填curi osi ty
18.I Iikediscover ingthedifferent betweendifferent cultures.【答案】difference【解析】根据the可知,此处用名词做宾语,difference差异,故填difference
19.The headmasterdidn tseem tobe aware that thereshouId havebeen somuch d i sagreeabout the deci si on.【答案】d i sagreement【解析】much修饰不可数名词,disagree不同意,反对,动词原形disagreement不同意,反对,不可数名词故填disagreement
2..Sorry,I cantread theexpress on her face.【答案】expression【解析】结合句意”对不起,我无法理解她脸上的表情分析句子结构可知,空处需用名词作宾语;express的名词是expression“表情”,此处表示特指她脸上的表情需用单数故填expressiorio
21.Reach i ngth isagreement soquickly was a great ach ieve.【答案】achievement【解析】great了不起的,形容词,后需接名词;achieve的名词是achievement,成就,可数名词,由空前不定冠词a可知,空处名词用单数形式故填achievement
22.The viI Iagershere a I Irespect himfor his devoteto thehealthcare.【答案】devotion【解析】句意这里的村民都尊敬他对医疗保健的献身精神devotion译为奉献,忠诚,是不可数名词;his后应接名词形式,故填devotion
23.They werenot i n theI eastwor r iedabouttheposs ibIethatsweetscouId rotthe teeth.【答案】poss ib iIi ty【解析】句意他们一点也不担心糖果有可能会腐蚀牙齿由空前的the可知,设空处应用提示词的名词形式,作were worr ied about的宾语possibi Iity可能性,可能发生的事物”,故填possibi Iity.
24.The girlkept worki nghard andga i ned admitto the wor I d-f amousuniversity.【答案】admission【解析】由后文theworId-famous university可知,此处应是“上大学”,admi ssi onto允许进入,固定短语结合句意,故填admi ssi on
25.Anyhow theyd idn ttrust me,so theyd idn tdeserve aanexp lain.【答案】exp I anat i on【解析】句意不管怎样他们都不信任我,所以他们不值得解释aan后加名词单数形式,故填exp Ianat iono
26.I exp Ia i ned that eachperson hasd ifferent ideas ofwhatfreei s.【答案】freedom【解析】句意我解释说,每个人对自由有不同的理解free形容词,自由的,其名词形式是freedom自由结合句意可知,本空应该是名词形式故填freedom
27.The v iI I agewhere hewas bornhas changedbeyond介i司/超出recogn ize.【答案】recogn i t ion【解析】考查不可数名词beyond是介词,后接名词作宾语,recognize认出,是动[司,其名[可形式是recognit ion,beyond recognit ion无法辨认,古攵填recognitiono
29.Different personshave d ifferentbe Iieve.【答案】be Ii efs【解析】different后跟名词,be Iieve的名词是belief,意为“信仰,信念”,由different可知,belief应该用复数,即beliefs故填beliefs
30.My parentsare i nahuge argue,and Iam reaI Iy upsetabout it.【答案】argument【解析】考查名词单数形容词修饰名词,根据前面的不定冠词a可知,此处用名词单数,argument争论故填argument
31.We haveour furnituremoved tothe newhouse when the decorateof thehouse is fin ished.【答案】decorat ion【解析】句意房子装修完毕后,我们把家具搬到新房子里去了定冠词the后要使用其名词形式,decorat ion装饰,装修,不可数名词结合句意,故填decorat ion
32.Not onIy foodoandclothing buta Iso medica I treathas beenprovidedfor thepeopIe whoneed itin theflooded areas.【答案】treatment【解析】句意不仅为受灾地区的人们提供了食物和衣服,而且还为他们提供了医疗服务结合句意和空格前的形容词medical可知,此处应是treat的名词形式treatment,故填treatment
33.I regardcreative bothas agift andasaskill.【答案】creativity【解析】句意我认为创造力既是一^中天赋,也是一^中技能regard sth.as...把某事物看作,regard后接名词,creativity创造性,为不可数名词,故填creativityo
34.He Iost theeIect byone vote.【答案】election【解析】句意他因一票之差落选了分析句子可知,空格处做lost的宾语,且前面有定冠词,所以,要用名词eIect的名词eIect ion选举”故填eIect ion
35.Nowadays,oconcerts heldin sportsstadium arecommon,and itseems thatevery fewyear there is anew boyband tryingto bring backthe magicof theBeat Ies.【答案】years【解析】句意如今,在体育场举行音乐会是很常见的,似乎每隔几年就会有一个新的男孩乐队试图重现披头土的魔力year年,名词;everyfew修饰可数名词复数,故填years
36.Vi si torswere struckby thenaturaI sceneryhere,wh ich wasbeaut ifuI beyond.descr ibe【答案】descr ipt ion【解析】句意游客们被这里的自然风光所吸引,那是无法形容的美丽beyond descr i ption是固定短语,意为无法形容“,故填descr ipt ion
37.His vividdescriptions ofcountry Ii fe quicklybecame popuIar,which estabIished hisas oneof Americas greatestwr iters.A.trust B.contact C.reputat ion D.theory【答案】C【解析】句意他对乡村生活的生动描述迅速流行起来,这树立了他作为美国伟大作家之一^勺声誉A.trust信任;B.contact联系;C.reputation声誉;D.theory理论根据句意,尤其是greatest writers可知此处用reputation“声誉”符合语境,故选C项
38.Nowadays thefor traveI I ingis shiftedfrom shoppingto foodandscenery.A.pr iorityB.potent iaI C.proport ion D.pens ion【答案】A【解析】句意当今,旅行的重点从购物转变成了品尝美食和欣赏风景A.priority优先;优先权;B.potent i aI潜在的,可能的;C.proportion比例,占比;D.pens ion退休金,抚恤金故选A
39.We canobserve thatart ificiaIi nteIIi gencehas aI readymade anon ourIi vesinmany ways.A.statement B.impactC.impress ionD.judgment【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析句意我们能够看到人工智能在许多方面已经对我们的生活产生了强烈的影响statement“陈述说明;impact“强烈的影响,冲击力”;impress ion印象,感想;judgement”判断力判断”故选B
40.The that thereis lifeon otherpIanets intheun i verse has always i nspi redsc i ent i ststo exp I orethe outerspace.A.adv i ce B.orderC.possibiIity D.invitation【答案】C【解析】句意宇宙中其它星球上存在生命这种可能性总是激励科学家们去探索外部空间A.advice建议;B.order命令;C.possibi Iity可能性;D.invitation邀请故选C考自岗明小题必练名词1:名词是中学英语的主要词汇之一,也是新高考的重要考点名词部分主要考查名词的词义辨析和习惯搭配、名词的数(可数与不可数、单数与复数),尤其具体语境中名词的数、名词的所有格、抽象名词的具体化、物质名词的量化、名词的构词法,名词和冠词的搭配以及主谓一致等在高考试题中,名词常结合其它项目一起考查,考查题型以完形填空、语法填空为主预计2021年的新高考名词在语法填空中考查以词类变化为主;在完形填空中考查名词的辨析为主在学习过程中,要掌握常用名词的基本用法,注意一词多义和旧词新义另外要多归纳总结,做题时要结合语境考追透瓠考点可数名词的复数1[典例](2020•浙江卷)Later,they Iearned towork withthe(season),p Iant ingat the right timeand,indry areas,mak i nguse ofannua If I oods toi rr igate(灌溉)their fields.【答案】seasons【解析】考查名词复数句意后来,他们学会了因地制宜,在适当的时间播种,在干旱地区,利用每年的洪水来灌溉农田分析句子,提示词的词性为可数名词,应用复数形式故填seasons【技法点拨】()规则变化1情况方法例词一般情况力口一S students,teachers,doc tors,tab Ies加一es(如果词尾-ch发以s,x,ch,sh结尾glasses,di shes,boxes,watches音为/k/,要+s,如stomachs)以辅音字母+y结尾变y为i再加一es fami I ies,babies,armies,bodies以元音字母+y结尾力口一S boys,toys,pianos,photos大都变千或fe为v,再thieves,wives,knives,she1ves,以千或fe结尾力口一es1i ves少数加一S be1iefs,proofs,roofs,chiefs通常加一S radios,videos,zoos,tobaccos以0结尾有的力口一es heroes,potatoes,tomatoes注意:加一es的情况口诀黑人英雄在回声中吃Negroes,heroes,土豆、西红柿echoes,potatoes,以一o结尾的名词tomatoes既可以加一es,zeros es也可以加一s的mosquitoses情况volcanoses把f或fe去掉,口诀树叶半数自己黄,妻子拿刀去加一ves树叶1eaf-l eaves半割粮;架后窜出一只狼,就像小偷逃以一f或一数ha1f-ha1ves,自命忙fe结尾的名己se1f-se1ves妻词子wife-wives刀kn ife-kn ives长条面包loaf-loves架she1f-she1ves才良wolf-wolves小偷th i ef-th ieves生命1ife-l ives直接在词尾加-S相信be1ief口诀相信证据在悬崖的顶房-be1iefs;悬崖cliff-c Ii ffs五E据proof-proofs上顶房即房顶、屋顶roof-roofs码头wharf侏儒以上两种情况均码头侏儒围围巾,手绢复数变二心dwarf围围巾可scarf,手绢handkerch ief名词前有man或woman修饰,变复数时,作定语的man或woman和后面的名词都要变成复数如:woman doctor-women doctors⑵不规则变化
①常见单复数同形的名词Ch inese中国人;sheep绵羊;deer鹿;ser ies系列;means方式;works工厂;fish鱼;fruit水果等其中fish,fruit表示种类时,可加复数词尾,即fishes,fruitSo
②自身有特殊变化的名词child孩子Tchi Idrenman男人Tmen tooth牙—teeth foot脚,英尺Tfeet mouse老鼠Tmice phenomenon现象Tphenomena medium传播媒介Tmedia考点名词的语法功能22020山东卷Hi storicaIaccurate is importantbut soisenterta inment.【答•案】accuracy【解析】句意历史的准确性很重要,但娱乐也很重要此处作主语,位于形容词historical之后,应使用名词,意为“历史的准确性”故填accuracy【技法点拨】
1.作主语The youngwoman pIayedan importantpart inthe matter.丹口年轻女人在这件事上举足轻重His grandpajoined theRed Armyattheage offifteen.他爷爷十五岁时参力口红军
2.作宾语1作及物动词的直接宾语I metyour eIderbrother inthe streeto我在街上碰见你哥哥了Have youf in ished theI etterto Jane你写完给珍的信了吗?2作及物动词的间接宾语I to I dmy studentsa funnystory.我给学生们讲一^个有趣的故事She askedthe doctoranother question.她问了医生另一^个问题3作介词的宾语After20years traveI ing,he settI eddown in Liangxiang.二十年的流力良后,他在良乡定居Do youstill askyour parentsfor money你还向爸妈要钱吗?
3.作表语It sa goodidea topIant treeshere.在这里栽些树是个好主意She is nowa professorwhile herhusband rema insa worker.她现在是教才受而丈夫仍是个工人
4.作宾语的补足语They eIectedTom headoftheworkshop.他们推选汤姆当车间的头职务名词作宾补前面不加冠词The oIdman called myuncIe XiaoLi.老人喊我叔叔小李
5.作定语1直接作定语,通常用单数形式col legestudents大学生girl friend女友vegetab Ie garden菜园basketba II match篮球赛Let sstop bythe bookstore onthe wayhome.回家的路上,我们的书店停一下吧!He boughtthe shoesinthat shoeshop.这双鞋他是在那个鞋店买的2名词所有格作定语students books学生用书China scapital中国的首都the worlds population世界人口3man,woman,gentleman作定语man,woman,gent Ieman作定语时可以用单数和复数两种形式,但必须随所修饰名词的数而定He sa id thattwo womendoctors wouI dcome toour viIIage thenext day.他说明天有两个女医生到我们村子来There aremany menteachers in ourschoo I.我们学校有很多男教师4某些常用复数的名词用作定语某些常用复数的名词,当它们用作定语时,也须用复数形式arms production武器生产clothes shop服装商店sa lesdepartment营业部a goodstrain货车sav i ngs bank储蓄所fore ign Ianguages department夕卜语系5单位名称、报纸、广播、电视等的标题中经常出现复数名词作定语Learn i ng Skillscenter学习技巧交流中心The BoysClub男孩俱乐部6表示类别时名词直接作定语还是用所有格作定语一定要严格遵守习惯a peasantfami Iy/boy peasant习惯直接作定语a workers famiIy worker习惯用所有格作定语7两种定语有时并存但意义不一样women drivers女司机the womans driver这位妇女的司机girl friend女朋友the girlsfr iend这女孩的朋友mother tongue母语mothers tongue母亲的舌头8名词作定语强调被修饰成分的内容或职能,与其同根的形容词作定语则强调特点或属性gold watch金表指手表是含金的go I den watch金色的表指表是金色的,但不一定含金
6.作状语时间名词、数量名词、距离名词等有时可以作状语The soldierswaIked50ki Iometersatanight.战士们一^夜行军五十公里Your suitcaseweighs10ki lograms.你的手提箱重10千克考点3名词辨析(2020山东卷•完形填空)Mo Iaigrew upina ti nyviIIage in India.The vi•IIage Iay nearsome wetI andswh ich becamehis second
1.He Iearnedthe vaIueand beautyof2there froma veryyoung age.When hewas16,Mo Iaibegan tonot ice somethi ngdisturbing happeningaroundh ishome.A fIoodhad hitthe areaear Ii erthat yearandthe3it causedhad driven awaya numberof birds.Besides,the numberof snakeshad decIi nedas weII.He reaIized thatitwas becausethere werent enoughtrees toprotect themfrom the_
4.The soI ution,of course,was topIanttrees sothe animalscouId seek5dur ingthe daytime.He turnedtothe6department forheI pbut was toIdthatnoth ing wouIdgrow there.However,Mo Iaiwent Iooking
1.A.dream B.job C.home D.choice
2.A.nature B.youth C.culture D.knowledge
3.A.waste B.tens ion C.pa inD.damage
4.A.noi seB.heat D.disease D.dust
5.A.direct ions B.partners E.heIp D.she Iter
6.A.I aborB.po IiceC.forest D.finance【答案】
1.C
2.A
3.D
4.B5,D
6.C【解析】
1.考查名词词义辨析句意这个村庄位于一些湿地附近那里成了他的第二个onhisown anddiscovered anearby isI andwhere hebegan topI anttrees.家A.dream梦想;B.job工作;C.home家;D.choice选择根据空前的second可知,他出生的村庄是他的家,村庄附近的一些“湿地”成为了他的第二个“家”故选C
2.考查名词词义辨析句意他从小就在那里了解到了大自然的价值和美丽A.nature自然;B.youth青春,年轻;C.culture文化;D.knowledge知识湿地展现了“大自然”的价值和美故选A
3.考查名词词义辨析句意那年早些时候,一场洪水袭击了这个地区,洪水造成的损害赶走了很多鸟类A.waste废物;B.tension紧张;C.pa in疼痛,痛苦;D.damage损害,伤害洪水侵袭这个她区,它会“损害”庄稼、树木,这些都会导致鸟儿们离开故选D
4.考查名词词义辨析句意他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响A.noise噪音;B.heat热;C.disease疾病;D.dust尘土根据常识可知,树木可以提供阴凉,从而保护鸟类和蛇类免受炎热的影响故选B
5.考查名词词义辨析句意当然,解决的办法是种树,这样动物们就可以在白天寻找栖身之处A.di rections方向;B.partners伙伴,合作伙伴;C.help帮助;D.shelter遮蔽,庇护,遮蔽物树木可以给动物们提供“遮蔽”故选D
6.考查名词词义辨析句意他向森林部门求助,但被告知那里什么也不长A.labor劳动;B.police警察;C.forest森林;D.千inance财政,金融根据前一句中的The solution,of course,wastopIant treesv可知,Molai想要种树,所以他应该向“森林”部门求助故选C〉后■■国
1.Filled with(cur ious),the arti stpacked hisbags and I eft.【答案】cur iosity【解析】介词with的宾语应该由名词充当,故用名词形式curiosity
2.The farside ofthe moonisof part i cuIar(i nterest ing)to scient istsbecause ithasaIot ofdeep craters(环形山),more sothan thefamiIiar nearsi de.【答案】interest【解析】此处考查(be)of interest,该短语相当于(be)interesting,of part i cu Iar interest相当于particu Iar Iy interesting,形容词particuIar应修饰名词interest
3.Chinese NewYear isa ceIebratemarking theend ofthe winterseason andthebeginning ofspr ing.【答案】celebration【解析】根据空白处之前的a和后面的非谓语动词marking,可知此处应填名词ceI ebrationo
4.When theywere freefrom work,they invi tedus toI ocaI eventsandIet usknowof aninterestingcompeteto watch,together withthe storybehind it.【答案】compet ition【解析】句意当他们下班后,他们邀请我们参加当地的活动,他们告诉我们一个有趣的比赛可以观看,以及背后的故事由空格前的interesting形容词,修饰名[司故填competition
5.A mere5to10minutes aday ofrunning reducedtherisk ofheart diseaseand earIydeaths fromaII cause.【答案】causes【解析】句意每天跑步只需5到10分钟,就能降低患心脏病的风险和因各种原因导致的早期死亡cause是一个可数名词,表示“原因”,由空格前的all可知,此处应该用复数形式,故填causeso
6.Mak ing Chinesedish is seenas especiaI IytroubIesome.【答案】dishes【解析】根据修饰词Chinese可知用可数名词的复数dishes,表示“中国菜”
7.I ma sciencewho studiesanimals suchas apesand monkeys.【答案】scientist【解析】句意我是研究猿和猴子等动物的科学家设空处作表语,说明主语的身份;根据提示词science可知填scientist
8.We wouIdmuch appreciateguide froman expertinthis field.【答案】guidance【解析】句意我们非常感谢该领域专家的指导根据句意可知,空处需用名词作appreciate的宾语;guide的名]可形式是guidance故填guidance。
个人认证
优秀文档
获得点赞 0