word常见情态动词讲解

常见情态动词讲解

一、情态动词的定义情态动词有词义，但它不能单独作谓语，它必须和其他动词一起构成谓语.情态动词没有人称和数的变化；它的后面必须跟动词原形.

二、情态动词的种类情态动词词义否定形式词义can能够，会can11不能，不会cou I d能够，会couldn t不能，不会may可以//must必须mustn1t不允许，不能sha I I将,要shan1t将不要should应该shouldn t不应该need需要needn t不必wou I d将会，愿wouldn t不会，不愿

三、情态动词的用法及主要句型:

1、Can Ihe Ipyou一Yes,pIease/No,thanks.o

2、Can+主语+动词原形？Yes,can No,can t.〜〜o

3、Can I borrow yourbook--------------------Yes,of course.

4、Can Iwr iteon the book----------------------------No,you can t\mustn to

5、CouId\Can youhe Ipme------------Yes,of course\Certa inly.\Sure.

6、CouId\Can you teI I me theway tothe Zoo

7、May I come in--------------Come in,please

9、May I have someCoke Yes,of courseo

8、May Isit here------------------Yes,pI ease.\Sorry,pI easedon t.

10、May/CouId/Can Ispeak toTom Speaki ngWho scaI Ii ngo11shou I d、shouldn11表示劝告:1He shouIdget upear Iy.2She shouldn11pI aycomputer gametoo much.

12、Shou I d+主语+动词原形？Yes,shou I d.\No,shouldn t.〜〜

13、表示建议“你愿意…吗------WouId you Iike togo shoppingwith me----------Yes,I1d loveto./I1d loveto.But Im busynowo

14、就餐用语Would you I ike something to eat\dr ink-----------------------Yes,I d I ike…

15、shal I用于第一人称I,we,可以表示“将”和表示建议“……好吗？”1Where shaI I wehave di nner2Sha I I wego fishing----------------Al I right\0K.\Good idea.

16、Must+主语+动词原形？-------------Yes,must\No,needn,t.〜〜四.常见情态动词的区别1o cancould1表示能力，could主要指过去时间Two eyescan seemore thanone.两只日艮比^只目艮看得清CouId thegirl readbefore shewent toschool这女孩上学前能识字吗？2表示可能理论上或是逻辑判断上He cant couIdnzt haveenough moneyfor anew car他不可能有足够的钱买新车.o3表示允许.Can Ihave aIook atyour newpen我可以看一^你的新钢笔吗？4表惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中Where cancouId theyhave goneto他们会去哪儿了呢？He cant couIdnzt beover sixty他不可能超过六十岁.How canyou beso careI ess!你怎么这么粗心！5）比较委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法Can（Cou Id）you I end me a hand帮我一^巴好吗？

2.may（might）1）表允许，might可以指过去时间，也可指现在时间，语气更委婉.You maytake whateveryou I ike你喜欢什么就拿什么oHe toI dme thatI mightsmoke i n theroom他告诉我可以在房间里抽烟.oMay（Might）I askfor aphoto ofyour baby我可以要一长你宝宝的照片吗？在回答以may引起的问句时，多避免用这个词，而用其它方式，如Yes,p Iease/Certa inly.o/Please donzt/Youz dbetter not/No,you mustnzt.等，以免显得太严峻或不客气o2）表可能（事实上）.可以指过去时间，也可以指现在时间，但语气更加不肯定He maybe at home他可能在家oShe maynot knowabout it她可能不知道这件事.They mightbe havinga meeting,but Im notsure他们有可能在开会，不过我不肯定o

3.must1）表示义务意为“必须”（主观意志）.We mustdo everythingstep bystep我们一^都必须循序渐进地做You mustnzt taI kto herIi ke that.你不可能那样对她说话-------Must wehand inour exercise一books now我们现在就要交练习本吗？-----No,you neednzto/No,you donzt haveto不必（这种情况下，一殳不用mustn t）o2）表示揣测意为“想必、准是、一定”等，只用于肯定句He mustbe i I IHe looksso paIe他准是病了他的脸色苍白o o

4.shal I1）表征询意见，用于第

一、第三人称疑问句Sha I I Iget yousome tea我给你点茶好吗？Sha I I theboy waitoutside让那男孩在外面等吗？What shaI I we dothi sevening我们今晚做什么？2）表说话人的意愿，有“命令、允诺、警告、决心”等意思，用于第

二、第三人称陈述句You shaI I doas I say.按我说的做（命令）You shaIIhavemy answertomorrow你明天可以得到我的答复（允诺）He shaII besorry forit oneday,I teI I you有一^天他会后悔的，我告诉你.（警告）oNoth i ng shaIIstop usfrom carryingout thep Ian什么也不能阻止我们执行这项计划o（决心）

5.wi II1）表意愿，用于各种人称陈述句I willdo anythingfor you.我愿为你做任何事2）表请求，用于疑问句Wi II youc Iose thewindow Its abit coI d请你把窗户关上好吗？有点冷.o3）表示某种倾向或习惯性动作Fish wiII die out of water鱼离开水就不能活o

6.shouId1）表义务意为“应该（某件事宜于做），用于各种人称You shouIdnzt wasteany time.你不应该浪费时间.2）表推测，意为“想必一定、照说应该、估计”等They shou Idbe homeby now.照说他们现在应当已经到家了

7.would1）表意愿Isai d I wou Iddo anyth ingfor you.我说过我愿意为你做任何事2）表委婉地提出请求、建议或看法Would you I ikeanother glassof beer再来杯啤酒好吗？3）表过去反复发生的动作或过去的一种倾向Every time shewas introub Ie,she wou Id go to himfor heI p.她每遇至|麻烦者「会向她求助他告诉我盒子打不开了.相关练习

（一）用适当的情态动词填空.1o Must Iborrow the book with my ID card No,youo2I useyour carYes,youO o

3.I gohome now No,you stayhere.

4.My motheris ill.I stay athome and Iookafter her.5you I ike someteaO

6.You takemore exercise.7you teII mehow toget tothe QingyunParkO

8.The cI ockte II us the timeo

9.you I ike togo fishingwith me

10.we playfootbaI I this afternoon

（二）按要求改写句子

1.I canrun fast.I fasto（否定句）2You mustreturn thebook now（一般疑问句）O oIthebooknowNo,you

3.He canp I ay basketbaIIwe II一^殳疑问句ohe basketbaIIwell4They musttake the books outof theroom否定句O oTheythebooksoutofthe roomoHeget up I ate.

5.He shouIdget upear Iy.否定句

（三）单项选择

1.you Ii kesome milkA oWould B.CouldC.Can

2.We pickthe fIowerin thepark AcantB.donto oComustn t

3.We shouIdmore trees,and weshouldn11cut anytreesoAo pI antB.pIant ing C.plants

4.May Ihave somecoffeeAo Yes,you have.B.Yes,you can.C.Yes,certainly.5Sha IIwevisit thefactoryOAo Yes,we doB.Yes,we shaII Co AlIright.o o

6.Would youIikesomething toeatA.Yes,we wouId.Bo Yes,IdIikesome cakesCo Yes,of course.o7What canI dofor youOAoYes,you canB.No,I cando it Co Yes.IdIikesome oranges.o

（四）根据所学情态动词，填写适当形式1youIike togo fishingwith me2I gohome nowNo,you stayhere.3You takemore exerci se.4The clockteIIusthetime.5youteIImehow toget tothe QingyunPark6My motheri siIIIstayathomeandI ookafter heroo7youIikesometea8MustIborrowthebookwithmyIDcardNo,you.9I useyour carYes,you.10we pIayfootba IIthi safternoon五对划线部分提问.

1.We mustn11pigk thgf19胆in theparko

2.We shouldRI且t@99殳上工旦9§

3.I wouIdyouIike郑理箜K9§toeat

4.She couldswim fiye§qgo.

5.We shouldprotect animalsbecause theyare ourgood friends

6.Tom couldgotothe cinema电影院with且匚六圈出正确答案1Lucy shouldher homeworknowoAo f in i shesB finishingC.finished D.finisho2My motherwouId backsoonoA.came Bcomes Ccome Doo owiIIcome3CouId youmeahandAo givingB.gives Co given[ogive•4Shou IdInowAo startedB startingC.startoD.starts5I takethis oneAoCould BoWi IIC.Are D.Do6Can youspeak EnglishNo,A.mustn11Bo cantCocouIdn1tDo maynot7You goand seea doctorbecause youhad afever发烧A.couId B.might CshouId DowouIdyet.8Jim cometonight,but heisnt verysureAo shouIdB.might C.wouId D.shouId。