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七年级上册英语语法知识点讲解及练习题知识点名词的单复数L名词表示人或事物的名称或抽象概念的词可数名词与不可数名词.「单数可数名词前面可加来修饰a,an abag1一个包「可数名词可以计数的去词名谢复数可数名词不可数名词不可计数的名词-没有复数形式，前面不能用不定冠词也不L a,an,能直接加数词.但可以跟某些量词短语搭配，表示数量，如a glassof water,two cupsoftea..可数名词A单数可数名词，表示“一”的概念，指单个的可数物体要用名词的单数形式，表示名词的
1.单数，要在名词前加冠词或（多用于以开头的单词）a an ana,e,i,o,eg abook/tree an apple/egg.复数名词指两个或以上的可数物体名词复数的规则变化2在一般情况下，词尾后加1-s books,cups,beds,boys,horses.以结尾的词，词尾加读碟子，2s,x,sh,ch-es,|iz|buses,boxes,dishes watches以或结尾的词,先将或变成再加读一落小3f fef fev,-es,|vz|half—halves,knife kniV刀wife wives4以辅音字母加o结尾的词，词尾加-es tomatoes,potatoes注意如果是元音字母加结尾的名词只加A.o szoos,radios,vedios.有特殊的以辅音字母加结尾的也加钢琴B os:photo—photos;piano—pianos5以辅音字母加y结尾的词，先将y改为i再加-es cities,families,babies名词复数的不规则变化牙齿，绵羊，3man-men,tooth-teeth child—children,sheep—sheep小鹿deer---deer脚foot——feet Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese有些名词只有复数形式裤子，通常是以复4clothes,trousers glasses,socks,shorts,pants,shoes数的形式出现*另外，当我要表达一双袜子，一条裤子等时，要说成a pairof socksa pairof shorts.一些代词和其他词复数的不规则变化5
①②③④⑤⑥I-we you-you he,she,it-they me---us him/her/it---themthis---these
⑦⑧⑨⑩that-those my-our her,his,its-their am/is-are a/an-some句子单数变复数，注意以下六要素
6.⑴主格人称代词要变成相应的复数主格人称代词，即如I—we,you-you,she,he,it-they一She is a girl.They aregirls.要变为如2am,is areIm astudent.—We arestudents.⑶不定冠词要去掉如一a,an He is aboy.They areboys.⑷普通单数名词要变为复数形式如一It isanapple.They areapples.⑸指示代词要变为如一this,that these,thoseo Thisia abox.These areboxes.作定语修饰可数名词时，要在“数”上与被修饰名词保持一致但其他名词修饰名词doctors.That表示性质时，不作变化一She isa womandoctor.Theey arewomen doctors.That isa pencilcase.一Those arepencil cases.不可数名词B.没有复数形式，前面不能用不定冠词•也不能直接加数词.但可以跟某些量词短语搭配，L a,an表示数量,如杯水（不能说）杯茶张纸a glassof water——a watera cupof tea.——a piece of paper——a一片面包一瓶牛奶pieceof bread Abottle ofmilk不可数名词跟量词搭配时，变复数只变量词
2.two glassesof watermany cupsof teatwenty piecesofpaper注可数名词也可以和量词搭配,后的可数名词要用复数形式一箱苹果of abox of apples一双鞋a pairof shoes当量词的数量超过一时，也变复数Six boxesof apples8pairs ofshoes专项练习
一一、划出下列单词中的不可数名词meat shirtfood knifesnow waterice teaorange teacar jamear breadmilk noodleseraser clothes二.用所给单词的适当形式填空l.Ifs notalarm clock.a
2.Let playtennis.I
3.Where Tomsparentsbe
4.Many.sheep
5.1see your.They arefine.grandparent.朋友•女
6.Your aremy pen
7.His arevery cuteJL
8.The two家庭are good.表兄妹
9.answers areright.they
10.Her sisterand hisbrother arentmy
11.I havetwoknife
12.There aremany here,box
13.There aremanyon theroad,bus
14.A feware drawingon the wall,boy
15.The areplaying footballnow.child
三、写出下列名词的复数形式、、1orange2class3text4monkey5piano、、、、6child7shelf8bed9country10family11toy12foot13Japanese14radio15photo、、、16army17tomato18fox19woman20knife、22sheep
三、选择填空、1There on thewall.They arevery beautiful.A.are photoesB.are photos C.isa photoD.is photos
2.This kindof carmade inShanghai.A.is B.are C.were D.has
3.There arefour andtwo in the group.C.Japanesenese,Germen BJapaneses,Germen C.Japanese,German C.Japanese,Germans
4.Thafs artbook.A.an B.a C.the Dare
5.The boyshave gotalready.A.two breadB.two breads C.two piecesofbreadD.twopiece ofbreads
6.The old man wants.A.six boxesof applesB.six boxesofappleC.six boxof applesD.six boxsof apples
7.There somein theriver.A.is,fish B.are,fishs C.is,fishs D.are,fish
8.There twoin thebox.A.is watchB.are watchesC.are watchD.is watches
9.We shouldclean C.teethD.ouray.A.our tooth B.our tooths C.teeth D.our teeth
10.The meetingroom isnear thereading room.A.teacher B.teacher,sC.teachers,D.teachers
11.In Britainare allpainted red.A.letter boxesB.letters boxesC.letter boxD.lettersbox四.单数句变复数句，复数句变单数句
1.It isa bus.________________________________________
2.This is my sister.___________________________________
3.Heishis friend.___________________________________
4.That isher dictionary._______________________________
5..Those areboxes._______________________________
6.They areteachers.__________________________________
7.These aredesks._________________________________
8.We areboys.______________________________
9.1have atooth,foot andhand._____________________________________
五、翻译下列词组三箱苹果两杯牛奶一双袜子两杯桔子汁六瓶水——片面包——条裤子知识点冠词与名词的搭配
2.冠词是放在名词前的一个虚词，本身无独立意义冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词a,an the.巧学和和均为不定冠词，用于单数可数名词前，表示数量为“一个、块、只”1a ana an用于辅音音标而不辅音字母开头的单数可数名词前，用于元音音标而不是元音字Da gan母开头的单数可数名词前一把伞；a pen;an orange;an umbrella an Englishteacher一个小时；一只有用的钢笔an houra usefulpen如单数可数名词前有、、等代词修饰时，则不再使用或2this thatmy aan
1.This isbag.A.my B.my a C.a my
2.This isn5t_Japanese map.That is_English map.A.a；a B.an；an C.a；an在某些固定词组中，需要不定冠词，如a lotof,a bit,take awalk,have aresto.定冠词的用法与指示代词相同,有“那这个”的意思，但较弱，可以和一个名2the this,that词连用，来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西⑴特指双方都明白的人或物看黑板look atthe blackboard上文提到过的人或事，第一次出现用第二次出现用如2a/an,the:There isa penonthefloor.The penis red.出在序数词的前面如.五月是一年的第五个月3May isthe fifthmonth ofa year用在一些习惯用语中在早晨/下午/晚上4in themorning/afternoon/evening用在乐器之前如弹钢琴5play thepiano不用冠词的场合
3.名词前有等作修饰词时如他的桌子很1this,that,my,some,no,each,every Histable isuseful.有用表示星期、月份、季节、节日的名词前如.我在周日看电视2I watch TV onSundays在三餐名词前如.我爸爸晚饭后读报纸3My fatherplay baseballafter supper在球类运动前如你喜欢打篮球吗？4Do youlike playingbasketball惯用语如去上学去睡觉等5at night,in bed,at school,go toschool goto bed专项练习
二一、填入适当的冠词
1..There ispictureof elephanton wall.
2.This isuseful book.
3.Lets goout forwalk
4.There iswoman overthere.woman isMeimeis mother.
5.I oftenwatchTVin evening.
6.oldmanisteacher.He likesplayingbasketball aftersupper.
二、单项选择
7..He oftengoes toschool bybike.
1.There isart roomin thebuilding.A.a B.an C.the D./
2.What coloris orange---Its orange.A.an,the B./,an C.an,/D./,the
3.Do youknow oldlady inblue Yes.Shes ateacher ofuniversity inBeijing.A.an,an B.the,a C.the,an D.an,a
4.Last weekLilys fatherbought herMp4player asbirthday present.A.a,a B.a,anC.an,a D.an,an
5.The girloften playspiano forold.A.the,/B./,the C.the,the D./,/
6.There isu”ands inthe word“rulersl A.a,a B.an,a C.a,an D.an,an
7.This isJapanese book.Its notEnglish book.A.a;a B.an;an C.a;an D.an;a
8.I havevery interestingbook.It isabout excitinggame.A.an,the B.the,aC.a,an D.a,a
9.Is thatyour A.a pictureB.picture C.pictures D.nice pictures
10.Are KatesA.this,book B.that,book C.these,books D.those,book
11.-What canI dofor you,sir--Id liketwo.A.bottle oforange B.bottle oforanges c.bottles oforanges D.bottles oforange
12.Many aretalkingunder thetree.And theirare swimminginthelake.A.woman,children B.woman,child C.women,children D.women,child
13.The littlebaby hastwoalready.A.toothB.toothsC.teeth D.teeths一
15.How manybooks doyou have一I havebook.Thats Englishbook.；；；；A.aanB.a oneC.one anD.one one一一
16.Does Jimhaveruler Yes,he has.；；；；A.an someB.a oneC.a/D.any one
17.There isold bike.old bikeis MrZhaos.；；；；三.完型填空A.an The B.the AnC.a TheD.the The1name isChen Gang.Im2Chinese boy.I3twelve.I4English.Im in
5.Im in Class Seven,Grade One.My6name isMiss Gao.She isa goodteacher.7school Ihave afriend.8name isMa Qiang.This isaphotoof my
9.That manis myfather.10is thirty-nine.The womanis mymother,she isthirty-seven.The girlismysister.She isten.That boyis me.
1.A.I B.My C.Me D.His
2.A.a B.an C.the D./3A isB.am C.are D./
4.A.like B.likes C.look likeD.look for5A No.1middle schoolB.No.l MiddleschoolSchool
6.A.teachers B.teacher9sC.teachers9D.teacher
7.A.at B.inC.At D.In
8.A.He B.His C.Her D.she
9.A.home B.school C.family D.bedroom
10.A.heB.He C.Its D.It
三、下列句子均有一处错误，请在错处下划横线，并把正确答案写在题后的横线上保持句子意思不变
1.There arefour peoplesin myfamily.
2.Are thoseyour friend
3.That ishis fatherfriend.
4.This isnther bag.Its Ibag.
5.These areapple.
6.Are theyyour grandparent
7.-Dad,he ismy friends,Tom.
8.Excuse me,is thatyours watch
9.Mr Greenis Jimfather.
10.There isa bottleof thewater onthedesk.。
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