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第一讲Grammar语法梳理
一、Some any
1.Here aresome flowersfor you.
2.1dont have any questions about plants.
3.Do you want anypicture books
4.Mary wantssome water.
5.There isntany milkin theglass.结论和都是用来表示数量，意思是“一些”用法；（）从例句可以看出，它们都放Some any11-5在可数名词的形式或者名词前；（）从例句可以看出，多用21,4some于句；（）从例句中可以看出多用于句或句32,3,5any注意
6.Would youlike somedrink
7.May I have somecoffee结论从例句中可以看出，在期待对方做出肯定回答，或表示邀请，请求的问句中，通常不用而用6,7O
二、复合不定代词者能与一起构成代词，这些代词叫做复合不定代词Some-,any-,every-,no-B-body,-one,-thing
1.I sawsomebody/someone/something last night.
2.There isntanybody/anyone/anything here.
3.There isnobody/no one/nothing here.
4.Did yousee anybody/anyone/anything lastnight.
5.Somebody/someone/is waiting for you at theschool gate.
6.Nothing isimportant tome.
6.1find somethinginteresting aboutcolors.结论用法；（）从例句中可以看出，构成的不定式代词用于句；（）从例句11some,2中可以看出，构成的不定式代词用于句或句；（）从例句中可2,4any-32,3以看出，否定句的两种表达方式，如（）从例句中not any=no-not anybody=,not anything=;45,69可以看出，等不定式代词做主语时，谓语动词用形式；（）从例句中可以somebody,nothing57看出，形容词修饰复合不定代词时，形容词要置于其.
一、选择或填空some any症状.have one of thefollowing symptoms★You go out withyour friends12★Youve decideto spenda shorttime online,13then youspend severalhours.★You donot go to importantfamily events14you donot doschool projectsbecause youlike tospendhours on the Internet.use.You15learn tocontrol it,or the Internet wouldcontrol you.
1.A.the B.a C.an D./
2.A.at B.in C.on D.for
3.A.more B.most C.many D.much
4.A.call B.calls C.calling D.called
5.A.at lastB.at most C.at least D.at first
6.A.spends B.spend C.spent D.will spend
7.A.missed B.to miss C.miss D.missing
8.A.but B.or C.so D.and
9.A.long B.longest C.long D.lonely
10.A.many B.mostC.more D.much
11.A.if B.unless C.after D.until
12.A.little andlittle B.little andless C.less andlittle D.less andless
13.A.if B.and C.so D.but
14.A.and B.or C.no D.but
15.A.can B.may C.have to D.willWhat is the situationSome expertssuggest thatpeople setstrict limitson theirtime forinternet第四讲语法梳理和的比较级及最高级A.Good,bad far同学们，在我们学习了形容词的比较级和最高级，在不规则变化中学习了和的比U3good,bad far较级及最高级，本期我们将重点学习它们请看下表原级比较级最高级good betterbestbad worseworstfar Farther/further Farthest/furthest注意和都是的比较级，两者的区别如下farther furtherfar可指距离或时间上“更远的地”farther可指距离或时间上“更远的地，与可互换fartherfurther指程度上“更进一步；深远”例如比起上海，广州离匕京更远1Guangzhou is farther/further from Beijing thanShanghai is.1我们正在等待进一步的天气报道2We arewaitingfor the furtherreport about the weather..在这个科学上，他学得比3He studiedmuch furtherin thissubject thanany otherstudent inhis class班上其他学生深入得多B.not as...as意为“和..一样，表示同级的比较使用时要注意第一个为副词，第二个为连“as...as”・as as词基本结构为形容词原级例如；“as++as”汤姆和他哥哥一样强壮Tom is as strongas hisbrother.其否定形式为形容词原级意为“不如…”例如；“not as/so++as”,.他不如迈克那么细心He isnot as/so carefulas Mike还有另外一种形式为名词例如；As...as“as+much/many++as1she has as muchmoney asyou have.她和你的钱一样多2The farmcan produceas manyapples asthat one.这个农场能够生产出和那个农场同样多的苹果选择］佳答案填空巩固练习一
1.-How doesyour motherfeel today,Jim-Much,she cantgo towork today.A.worse B.bad C.badly D.worst
2.-Which bagsdo youlike the blue one orthegreen one-The greenone.A.better B.best C.good D.well
3.-which isseason inGuangzhou-I thinkits autumn.A.good B.well C.best D.the best
4.Davids homeis fromschool in our class.A.further B.the farther C.farther D.far
5.-How faris itto themuseum500meters-No,it is.About2,000metres.A.far B.farther C.the farther D.the farthest
6.-Pve toldyou somethingaboutthetraffic accidents,sir.-But weneedmore informationabout it.A.far B.the farthestC.farther D.further
7.My friendCathy livesthan me.D.the farthestA.far B.the fartherC.farther
8.Whose homeis,Mikes orTomsD.fartherA.far B.near C.the farthest
9.Though theplayer isover35,he canstill runsome youngplayers.A.as fastas B.so fastas C.much fastas D.more fastthan
10.Have youdecided whichone is,the yellow one orthe blue oneA.well B.best C.better D.good
11.It seemsthat theweather isgetting.Shall wego onwith ourplanA.badly B.worse C.the worstD.worst
12.-Bob speaksEnglish well,but youspeak thanhim.-Thank you.A.very wellB.much betterC.so better D.as better
13.You shouldtell possibleto supportyour idea.A.As manyfacts as B.Many asfacts asC.Much asfacts as D.As muchfacts as
14.-Dad,could youbuy me a shirtlike this-Certainly.We canbuy onethan this,but it.A.A cheap;as goodasB.A cheaper;as goodasC.A cheap;so goodasD.A cheaper;as goodas
15.We donthave muchhomework nowand our school bagsare theyused to be.A.Not asheavily asB.As heavilyas C.Not asheavy asD.So heavyas巩固练习
二二、用英语翻译下列句子.我爸爸和以前一样忙1在我们班我认识的同学不如你多
2.这部电影不如那部电影有趣
3.她的英语讲得跟本土人一样好
4.She speaksEnglish nativespeakers..我的手机没有你的那么贵5My mobile phone isnot yours.梅梅是班上最好的学生之一
6.Meimei is oneofin herclass.英语跟数学一样重要
7.English isMaths..我的语文比他的好8My Chineseis his.这条路越来越危险
9.The roadis becoming_____________________________________语法选择嶷调频技术.Hedy Lamarr;the motherof FrequencyHopping c/mo/ogyMobile phonesare importantin ourlives.Most peoplearound ussay theycan t1without mobilephones.They not only usemobilephone2in touchwith othersbut alsosurf theinternet by3Wi-Fi to learnabout the world.4most of them dontknow whoinvented Wi-Fi.In fact,Wi-Fi isbased onfrequencyhopping technology.We areunaware5how muchwe dependon it.Hedy Lamarr,the inventorof frequencyhopping technologywas6a famousHollywood actressinmid-20th century.She7know for her beautyat thattime.Her8,frequencyhopping technology,is stillthe subjectof research.Its hard9a perfectatress toa aeriousscientist.Hedy Lamarr was beautifuland smart.Her lifeisfar10than hermovies.Lamarr was born inVienna,Austria11November9,
1914.She wasthe daughterof arich banker.After Hedywasborn,her mothergave up12pianist careerto takegoodcare ofHedy and13not to have anymore children.It canbe saidthat Hedy Lamarrwasborn witha出生于富贵人家.silver spoonin hermouth14lucky she was!HedyLamarr15much timechasing herdream ofbecoming amovie star.However,her most
1.A.lived B.lives C.live D.living
2.A.keeping B.to keepC.kept D.keeps
3.A.using B.use C.used D.uses
4.A.And B.So C.Or D.But
5.A.at B.to C.of D.with
6.A.too B.also C.either D.as well
7.A.was B.is C.are D.were
8.A.invention B.invent C.invented D.inventions
9.A.connected B.connecting C.to connectD.connecting卓越的remarkable achievementwas notas anactress buta scientist.
10.A.interesting B.more interestingC.most interesting D.interestingly
11.A.on B.in C.at D.of
12.A.she B.herC.hers D.herself
13.A.decides B.decide C.decided D.deciding
14.A.How B.What C.What aD.Which
15.A.paid B.spent C.took D.cost第五讲现在完成时的结构A.观察
1.1havenot made a lot of friends.
2.She hasnotmade a lot offriends.
3.-Have youmade a lot offriends-Yes,I have./No,I havent.
4.-Has shemadea lot offriends-Yes,she has./No,she hasnt.结论现在完成时表示过去的动作或状态一直持续到现在，或者表示过去的动作对现在造成影响或结
1.构现在完成时的结构如下；
2.肯定句；主语++过去分词+其他否定句；主语++过去分词+其他疑问句;+主语++其他回答;主语+主语+.Yes,/No,和在现在完成时中的运用B.Already evernever观察
1.He hasalready gother help.
2.This is the bestfilm I have everseen.
3.Have you ever beenthere
4.He hasnever beento Beijing.
5.Ha hasntcome backyet.
6.Have youfound yourruler yet结论意为“已经”，常用于句，通常放在之.
1.Already have/has意为“曾经”，常用于句或句
2.Ever意为“从不”，常用于陈述句，表示否定
3.Never意为“已经”，常用于句或句，位于句子的
4.Yet巩固练习~k
一、用所给动词的适当形式填空’
1.Wait hereplease.The trainarriveyet.
2.Weknow ZhangMin sinceshe was a littlegirl.
2.1not seesuch astrange thingbefore.
4.He joinedthe teamin
1990.Hebe amember of the teamfor26years.
5.-How longuncle Wangworkin thisfactory-Since
1995.
6.So farthe childrenlearnl,000English words.
7.Zhao Lanalreadystudy in this schoolfor two years.
8.Shestay here for over5years.
9.Hefinish his homework yet.
10.So farsheread l,600books.
11.you everto thismusic listen
12.Tombe toHongKong threetimes.
二、用英语翻译下列句子
13.My motherworkhereforfifteen years.吉姆已经完成作业了，他现在有空
1.李林这些天上哪儿去了
2..我父亲以前到过长城
3.她还没有看过那部新电影
4.我姐姐去过上海5
三、从四个选项中选出最佳答案A.just B.ago C.before D.a momentago
2.-Our countrya lotso far.-Yes,I wishit will be evenbetter.A.changes B.changed C.has changedD.change
3.Harry potterisavery nicefilm.I___it twice.A.will seeB.have seenC.saw D.see
1.Have youmet Mr.Li
4.-Do you know himwell-Sure.We friendsten years ago.A.be B.have beenC.become D.have become
5.Miss Xieisnt in the office.She to the library.A.has goneB.went C.will goD.has been
6.My parentsGuangzhou for ten years.A.have beenin B.have beento C.have goneto D.have been
7.-you inyour homework-Not yet!Ill handit inright away.A.Did;hand B.Will handC.Do;hand
8.They nevereach D.Have;handedother before.A.do;meet B.will;meet C.have;met D.are;meeting
9.-youeverthe bookHarry Potter-Yes,I________________A.Did;read;did B.Have;read;have C.Do;read;do D.Will;read;will
10.1saw himhishomeworkwhen Ipassed bylastnight,but Imnot surewhether heA.doing;has finishedB.doing;have finishedC.do;has finishedD.do;have finished语法填空Im Margie.Ill never1the firsttime I was awayfrom homefor morethan oneor twonights.I was11yearsold,and Iwent tosummer campfor onemonth.When myparents first2me aboutthe camp,I wasexcited.There wereall kindsof3swimming,baseball andeven horseriding.My mumhelped me4which clothesto takeand shepacked mybag.My familydrove me to thecamp.When wearrived.I5alotof kids,but Ididnt know anyone.I begantofeel
6.1put ona shirtwith myname onit.Later,an oldergirl cameup tome and saidJHi,Margie!Vm辅导员Sara.I will be yourcounselor.Come andjoin7Our group is the Pines.Finally the time cameformy munand dadto say8,“Well,Margie,have agreat time.Dont worry;well writeto youoften,“theysaid.I feltvery bad.I9to cry.But justthen anothergirl ofmy agecame over and said,“Hi,are youMargieIm Tammy.Im in thePines,too.Come on.Lets go and seethe horses10,So we
1.A.start B.missC.forget D.answer
2.A.visited B.told C.laughed D.taught
3.A.habits B.programmes C.activities D.problems
4.A.sell B.show C.describe D.choose
5.A.saw B.took C.had D.liked
6.A.lucky B.happy C.tired D.worried
7.A.us B.you C.herD.them
8.A.sorry B.goodbye C.thanks D.hello
9.A.learned B.decided C.wanted D.hoped
10.A.yet B.only C.again D.togetherwent andenjoyed ourselves.For me,it wasthe bestsummer ever.第六讲和在现在完成时态中的应用A.Since for作介词时，后面可以接一个时间点，如也可以接“时间段如；Since since2002,+agoj sincetwo等还可以用作连词，引导一个一般过去时的时间状语从句days ago,since fiveyears agoSince例如；我从岁开始做饭1have cookedmeals sinceIwas seven years old.7后常接时间段，指某个动作到现在为止持续的时间，如等For forthree years,for halfan hour注意非延续性动词不能直接和或连用，但我们可以找到一个相应的延续性动词或for since表示状态的形容词，副词或介词短语来替换这些非延续性动词如；Come/go to-be in/at,go out-be out,leave-be away,begin/start-be on,stop-be over,Buy-have,borrow-keep,open-be open,close-be closed,join-be in/be amember of,die-be dead,catch aclod-have acold,get toknow-know,become-be,fall asleep-be asleep,fall ill-be ill现在完成时与一般过去时的区别B.现在完成时强调过去的动作对现在的影响，它和现在有密切的联系；一般过去时强调动作发生的时间是在过去，不涉及对现在的影响，且句中一般含有表示过去的时间状语试比较；）.火车已经到达了（说明现在的情况；火车在这儿）1The trainhas arrived）火车是在十分钟前抵达的（强调动作发生的时间在2The train arrived tenminutes ago.过去，现在火车在哪里不在考虑范围）巩固练习
一一、选用或填空Since for
1.four weeks.
2.nine yearsago
1.1ast month
4.
20115.two hours
6.an hour ago
7.we werechildren
1.1left here
9.Helen haslived inZhuhai lastyear
10.My motherhas studieddance twoyears.
二、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1.They oftengofishing when they livedthere.
2.Theyknow eachother for about tenyears.
3.He alreadywritealetter to the factoryto askthem tostop makingnoise.
4.Mr Wangbe Beijing forthirty years.Hecome herein
1986.
5.You canswitch offthe radionow.Ihearthe newsalready.Icomeit justnow.
6.Jimmake manyfriends since hecome toChina.
三、同义句转换，每空一词
1.My fathercame backthe day before yesterday.My fatherhas for two days.
2.My unclebought the new cartwo monthsago.My unclebought thenew cartwo monthsago.
3.They leftChangsha anhourago.They havefrom Changshafor anhour.
4.The filmbegan tenminutes ago.The filmfortenminutes
5.The oldman died5yearsago.The oldman for5years.
1.-Im sorry,Cathy,I yourradio forsuch along time.-Never mind.A.have borrowedB.have lentC.have keptD.have returned
2.They heresince thefactory opened.A.worked B.are workingC.work E.have worked
3.David theGreat Wallmany times.A.went to B.has beenin C.has goneto F.has beento
4.It tenyears sincethey toFrance.A.was;moved B.has beenmoved C.is;have movedD.has been;have moved
5.1_________to mygrandmas thedaybeforeyesterday.A.go B.went C.have goneD.have beeninLondon fortwo days.I amhaving aholiday here.
6.1B.am stayingC.stayed D.have stayedA.stayheavily lastweek.The groundwas wet.
7.It A.rainsB.has rainedC.rained D.was raining
8.Heto playthe pianosincehewas three yearsold.A.has learntB.have learntC.learnt D.was learning
9.1him sincetwoyearsago.A.havent B.saw C.see D.hasnt seen
10.Zhao Lanalready inthis schoolfortwoyears.A.was studyingB.will;study C.has studiedD.are studying
四、选择最佳答案填空
五、根据中文意思完成句子.李老师教我们三年了1Miss Lius sincethreeyearsago..他刚才在讲座中说英语说得很流利2He Englishfluently in a lecture这本书我已经读了三遍了
3.I thisbook threetimes.我朋友两天前给我送来了一份礼物
4.My friendmeapresent twodays.语法选择Once therewasaking.He likedto writestories.He thoughthis stories1good,so helike toshow themto2,As peoplewere afraid3the king,they all4that hisstories werevery good.One day,the kingwas tellingstories to5poor writer.He wantedthe writerto say6to him.But thewritersaid hisstories wereso bad7he shouldthrow them8the fire.The kinggot veryangry withhim and监狱.9him toprison Aftersome time,the king10sorry forthe writerand sethim free.whenthe writer宫殿，was free11prison,the kingordered him12to hispalace showed13some ofhis newstories andaskedwhat hethought ofthem.A14minutes later,thewriterat onceturned tothe soldiersandsaid,HI15the prison,please.n
1.A.are B.were C.was D.is
2.A.other B.the otherC.others D.another
3.A.in B.for C.to D.of
4.A.were sayingB.has saidC.said D.say
5.A.an B.a C.the D./
6.A.anything good B.good anythingC.something goodD.good something
7.A.when B.which C.how D.that
8.A.into B.For C.on D.toB.sends C.is sendingD.has sent
10.A.feel B.feels C.felt D.will feelB.from C.of D.at
12.A.come B.Came C.to comeD.coming
13.A.he B.him C.his D.himself
14.A.bit B.some C.little D.few
15.A.have readB.read C.am readingD.will readthemtwice.Take meback to
1.I can see birdsin thetree.
2.There isntorange juicein mybottle.Please giveme
3.Do you have blueT-shirts
4.There isrice in the bag.
5.Would youlike apples
二、从、、、四个选项中选择最佳答案填空A BC D
1.There isbread in the kitchen.Would youlikeA.some;some B.some;any C.any;some D.any;any
2.—Are therestudents in the classroom—Yes,there aretwo.A.some;B.any C.many D.no
3.Something betterthan nothing.A.is B.are C.be D.am
4.1couldnt thinkof aboutthis topic.A.new somethingB.new anythingC.something newD.anything new
5.—Whos inthe classroomA.Somebody B.No oneC.Nothing D.Something—.I amthe last one.
三、选用或填空somebody/someone,anybody/anyone nobody/no one
1.broke thewindow lastnight.We mustfind himout.
2.There isntintheclassroom.
3.knows thisanswer.We shouldask ourEnglish teacher.
4.1heard abig noiseand Ilooked out,but Ididnt see.
四、根据中文意思完成句子我没有什么重要事情告诉你
1.Ihave to tellyou..我们检查了一下，发现一切正常2We checkedit upand foundthat wasall right..你有事情要说吗？3Do you have tosay.我的自行车出了一些问题，因此我不得不走路上学4There wrongwith mybike,so Ihavetowalk toschool..这节课没有什么有趣的东西5There is inthis lesson.•我向同学请教了一些数学问题，但没有人能回答我6I askedmy classmatesquestionsaboutMaths,but couldanswer me.•这几天我过得很开心，一切事情进展顺利7Ihave a goodtime thesedays.goes well.冰箱里有任何水果吗？
8.Is therefruit inthe fridge第七讲语法梳理条件状语从句A.
一、条件状语从句的概念在句子中表示时间、地点、原因、方式、条件等的部分称为状语如果句中表示条件的部分是一个句子，这个句子就叫作条件状语从句例如如果明天早上我起得早，我就会给你打电话if Iget upearly tomorrow morning,I willcall you.句中“明天早上我起得早”是“我就会给你电话”的一个条件，所以这里的“if Iget upearly就是条件状语从句，而是这个句子的主句条件状语从句的引tomorrowmorning“I willcall you”导词常见的有；如果，除非抱只要等，初中阶段最常见的是由和if unlesss longas if unless引导的条件状语从句
二、引导的条件状语从句的位置if引导的条件状语从句可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后放在主句之前时，常用逗If号与主句分开例如；如果熊遇到危If bearsare in danger,they attackpeople.=bears attackpeople ifthey areindanger.险，它们会攻击人
三、引导的条件状语从句的时态if.表示在某种条件下某事很可能发生时，如果从句用一般现在时，主句则用一般将来时，即1if“主将从现”例如；1if wepay muchattention tothe earth,we91!haveabetter world.如果我们多关爱地球，我们将会拥有一个更美好的世界如果明天下雨，我们该怎么办？2If itrains tomorrow,what shallwe do,表示在某种条件下某事一定会发生即客观事实时，从句用一般现在口寸，主句常用一般现2if在时如果你把冰加热，它就会变成水1if youheat ice,it turnsinto water.如果你把水放在零下摄氏度冷却，2If youcool waterat thetemperature of-10℃,it turnsinto ice,10它就会变成冰B・If…not…unless的用法作“如果…不；除非”解时相当于.淇引导的条件状语从句于引导的条件状语从Unless if…not..If句用法一样；与常常可以互换使用例如Unless unlessif...not….1if you dont study hard,you willnot passthe exam=unless youstudy hard,you willnot passthe exam如果你不努力学习，你就会考试不不及格2If youdont work hard,you willnot gethigh salary.=unless youworkhard,you willnot gethigh除非你努力工作，否则你不会获得高薪salary.巩固练习
一、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空l.If Marcialives alone,shekeep apet parrot.
1.1lowersdie if youdontwater themfbr along time.
1.5henot go totheparty unlessyou inviteher.
1.6ftherainstop tonight,we will go tothe cinema.
5.Younot getnervousif youdo enoughexercise.
6.A fishdieifyoutake itout ofwater.
7.Unless youlisten carefully,younot knowthe answer.
二、选择最佳答案填空
1.If you there,youagreat time.A.will go;will have B.go;have C.go;will have D.will go;have
2.ril givethe bookto himif hehere.A.will comeB.comes C.is comingD.came
3.If youthe vase,it intopieces.A.drop;will fallB.will drop;falls C.will drop;will fallD.dropped;falls
4.The volleyballmatch willbe putoff if itA.will rain B.rains C.rained D.is raining
5.There is going toa sportsmeeting nextweek.If itrains,we it.A.have;will cancelB.be;will cancelC.be;cancel
6.——May Isurf the D.have;cancelInternet now——No,youhavefinished washingthe dishes.A.unless B.if C.because D.when
7.If youa chanceto study inaforeign countryjusttake it.A.getting B.had gotC.will getD.get是否
8.-----Tommy,do youknow ifFrank tothe zoothis Sunday ifit----Sorry,!have noidea.A.will go;is fineB.goes;is fineC.willgo;isgoing to befineD.goes;willbefine
9.If youwater,it intoice.A.freeze;turns B.freeze;will turnC.will freeze;turns D.will freeze;will turn
10.In summer,food goesbad easilyit isput inthe refrigerator.A.until B.if C.unless D.since
三、同义词转换l.If you are notbrave,you41lose your last chance.you arebrave,youll loseyourlastchance.
2.Unless you go to bed early,you willfeel tired.yougotobedearly,you willfeel tired.
3.If youdont improveyour handwriting,you,ll losemarks inthe exams,you improveyourhandwriting,you,ll losemarks inthe exams.
四、用或填空ifunless
1.The riverswill becomedirtier anddirtier wetake actionto protectthem.
2.Studying ingroupisnecessary youwant to do wellin school.
3.----Could wcgoandwatch thefootball game----No,youhavethe tickets
4.We willbe punishedwe breakthe law.
5.You willfall behindothers youwork harder.
6.You cantgooutyou finishyour homework.语法选择Some peoplehave verygood memoriesand caneasily learnlong articlesby heart.1can onlyrememberthings afterthey haverepeated again2again.Many greatmen3excellentmemories.The famousEnglish writer,Charles Dickens,said4he couldwalk downany streetsin Londonand then tellyouthename ofevery shophe hadpassed.Learning aforeign language5a goodmemory.Everybody learnshis ownlanguage by6what helearns7he isa smallchild.Some8who liveabroad9their parentsseem tolearn twolanguages more
10.In schoolit isnot soeasytolearna secondlanguage11students havemore timeto useit.But12fact,they arebusy with othersubjects.A mansmind israther like13camera,but ittakes photosnot onlyof whatwe see14of whatwefeel,hear,smell andtaste.Memory isthe diarywe allcarryabout with15We keepthe thingswe haveexperienced inthis diary.C.are havingD.will need
1.A.Other B.The otherC.that D.remembers
2.A.and B.butC.is needingD.when
3.A.haveB.hadC.remembering D.childrens
4.A.whether B.whereC.what D.with
5.A.need B.needsC.children D.easier
6.A.remember B.rememberedC.over D.so
7.A.which B.whoC.easiest D.of
8.A.child B.childsC.because D./
9.A.of B.aboutC.at D.but
10.A.easy B.easilyC.the D.ours
11.A.if B.unlessC.so
12.A.in B.onC.our
13.A.a B.anD.The others
14.A.and B.orD.or
15.A.we B.usD.were havingC.OthersD.whyC.so第八讲语法梳理情态动词A.should肯定句Sb shoulddo sth...否定句Sb shouldnot/shouldn5t do sth...shouldnot=shouldnt一般疑问句Should sbdo sth简略答句No,sb shouldnot/shouldnt注意；没有人称、时态和数的变化，后面接动词原形曾与的区别should shouldought to大体上两者的意思是相同的，通常可以互换，但也有以下细微的区别Should Oughtto强调主观看法，有劝告或建议的意比语气强，更多地反映客观情况，should思,即“按我的想法该如何”,语气表示有义务或责任做某事，更多在谈判比较委婉表示提一些建议，劝说时，区别到法律、义务和规定是用，有时带有责译作“应当”备或督促的意思，译作“应当；应该例如我应该努力学习
1.I shouldstudyhard.当你妈妈老了的时候，你有义务照顾她
2.You ought to take care ofher whenyour mothergets old.B.Had better常写为，是一个固定词组，意为“最好”，用于表示对别人的劝告、建议或Had betterd better表示一种愿望其用法有以下几点；
一、后面必须接动词原形had better后接动词原形，构成句型”最好做某事”这里的不能用Had betterHad betterdosthhad have来替换例如；你最好马上去医院1youM better gotohospital atonce.汤姆，你最好今天去那儿2Tom,youd bettergo theretoday.
二、不随时态的变化而改变形式，可用于各种人称例如;had better你他、我们现在最好听来时讲话
三、Now youhe/we had better listentotheteacher.had better的否定式；后面直接加构成句型had better not,had better not dosth好不要做某事”例如;你最好不要错过最后一班公交车1You had betternotmiss the last bus.你后天最好不要去南京2You hadbetternotgotoNanjing theday aftertomorrow.练习
一、根据要求改写句子.用改写同义句
1.You shoulddo your homework carefullyoughtto改写一般疑问句
2.Tom shouldlook afterthis littlesister.（作否定回答）
3.Should weeat alotofjunk food.（改为否定句）
4.1should buya newschoolbag.（改为否定句）
5.Students shoulddo exerciseevery day.（同义句转换）
6.Parents shouldtakecare of their children.Parents takecareoftheirchildren.（改为否定句）
7.You oughtto waterthe flowers.（改为否定句）
8.You hadbettergothere byyourself.
二、从四个选项中选出最佳答案填空）
1.John cometo seeus tonight,but heisnt verysure yet.A.may B.can C.has toD.must）
2.—I finishthe worktoday—No,you.A.Must;cant B.Must;neednt C.May;neednt D.Can;mustnt）（处理）
3.Computers processdifficult problemsvery quickly.A.should B.must C.can D.need）
4.Youd betterlate nexttime.A.not tobeB.not beC.wont be D.dont be）
5.The deskis dirty.You cleanit.A.should B.can C.may D.need）
6.—I writeit down-Yes,you.A.Can;cant B.Can;should C.Should;shouldnt D.Should;should）
7.The manis probablythe thief.You lethim go.A.had notbetter B.hadbetterdont C.hadbetternot D.had nobetter）
8.Your motheris ill,so youtake herto seea doctor.A.should B.could C.ought D.would）
9.You behungry afterthe longwalk.Help yourselfto somecakes.A.cant B.must C.need D.shouldnt）
10.-Excuse me.Can Ismoke here-Sorry,_________A.you mustB.you couldntC.you can D.youd better）
12.It ishot outside,so youwear yourcoat.A.wont B.mustnt C.shouldnt D.cant
三、根据中文意思完成句子你不该喝酒后开车
1.You afterdrinking..你最好今天完成它2You ittoday.我应该多做阅读练习吗？
3.I morereading exercises.你最好做完作业前不要看电视4You watchTV beforeyou finishyourhomework..你应该听从父母的建议5You yourparents advice..你最好不要再迟到了6You__________________________________late again..不要担心，公共汽车来了7Dont worry.___________________________________..在我生日的时候，我最好的朋友送了我一本书8My bestfriend___________________________________on mybirthday.语法选择Like hundredsof otheryoung peopleof allcountries whotake partin ourlanguage courses,you canmakethe mostof yourholidays by1French inan2way and,at thesame time,visit oneof France^3areas-Nice!Our summercourse lasts3weeks4July andAugust.Youre welcome5at anytime between24July and6August.You canchoose tostay ata hostfamily,6we suggestyou stayat ourinternationalsummer camp.It makesit easy7other peopleand makenew friends.Whats more,you canhave yourclassesinthesame buildingwhich isclose8the beach!A freebus service9you toand fromclasses ifyouare livinginaFrench hostfamily.It will10enable you to getinto thecentre oftown11youareliving atthesummer camp.12you chooseto come,well organizeshort trips,parties,sports and13activities andmotivateyou tospeak French.Your stayin Nicewill thereforenotonlybe14educational experience,but alsoan enjoyableone.Besides,providing youmany opportunitiesto meetother people15different cultures,we willdoeverything to make sureyour staywillbeunforgettable!A.to studyB.study C.studying D.studied
1.A.Interest B.Interesting C.Interested D.interests
2.A.most beautifulB.more beautifulC.beautiful D.beautifully
3.A.at B.on C.toD.in
4.A.coming B.came C.to comeD.come
5.A.and B.but C.or D.so
6.A.to meetB.meet C.to meetingD.meeting
7.A.fromB.on C.for D.to
8.A.will bringB.brings C.has broughtD.brought
9.B.also C.either D.as well
10.A.tooB.after C.because D.if
11.A.butB.until C.whenever D.since
12.A.beforeB.others C.another D.the others
13.A.otherB.the C.anD.a
14.A./B.from C.of D.in
15.A.to
五、语法选择Do yousee manysigns aroundyou Do youknowthe signsare importantparts1our dailylives Theycanbe in pictures orin2to givepeople information.What dopeople think3good signsIf youare thinkingabout4signs forothers,what shouldyou knowThe5important thingis thatsigns shouldbe simpleand easy
6.It isimportant7clear language.On theotherhand,the wordsshould8to writeand youjust needto writedown9youwanttodo.H10the grassnisa verygood example.It meansDont touch11walk on the grass.Nowadays,there isa12that”A picturepaints athousand words.Perhaps thats13we areseeing moreandmore signsinpictures,oracombination ofpictures andwords.14,thats thedifficult part,because
1.A.of B.on C.for D.during
2.A.a wordB.word C.words D.the words
3.A.is B.are C.beD.am
4.A.make B.made C.tomakeD.making
5.A.most B.more C.many D.much
6.A.understand B.understanding C.understood D.to understandB.to useC.use D.usingB.to easyC.be easyD.tobeeasy
9.A.what B.where C.how D.when
10.A.To keepoff B.Keeping offC.Keep offD.Keeps off1LA.and B.or C.but D.so
12.A.say B.says C.said D.saying
13.A.why B.how C.what D.which
14.A.But B.However C.So D.And
15.A.has B.tohaveC.haveD.havingpicture signsmay15different meaningsin differentcountries.第二讲Grammar语法梳理数词；表示数目多少或则顺序先后的词叫做数次英语中，数词主要分为基数词和序数词A.两类
一、基数词表示数目多少的数词称为基数词其基本结构如下；的英文表达没有规律可循，需要同学们逐个牢记
1.M2的英文表达由“个位数+后缀构成其中发
2.13-19-teen”13thirteen,15fifteen[8eighteen生拼写变化之间的整十的数,由后缀构成其中
3.20-992-9+-ty”20twenty,30thirty,40forty,50fifty,发生拼写变化个位数不为零的两位数，在十位数与个位数中间加连字符如；80eighty25twenty-five,34thirty-five,503five hundredand three□整百的数由“百位数构成；非整百的三位数，在百位数与+/个位数中间要用连
4.+hundred”and接如；325three hundredand twenty-five,503five hundredand threeo,整千的数由“千位数构成；非整千的四位数，由千位数直接加百，十，个位数5+thousand”构成如；2,138two thousandone hundredand thirty-eight的前面有具体数字时不能用复数形式，但在表示不确切的
6.Hundred,thousand,million,billion数时，要用复数形式，后面要加如；,数以百计的
二、序数of5,000five thousandhundred ofo词表示顺序先后的数词称为顺序词其构成如下；
1.1-19除了第一，第二和第三为特殊变化外，其余均由“基数+后缀构成first secondthird-th”其中注意第五，第八，第九，第十二的拼法变化fifth eighthninth twelfth
2.20-99以上的序数,先将基数词词尾改为然后再加如；第二十非整十20yi,-eth twentieth的序数词，它的十位数为基数词，只将个位数变为序数词如；四十一，forty-first第五十二，第九十六Efty-second ninety-sixth
3.100-999,1000-9999整百/千的序数词由“百/千位数后缀构成，如；第+hundred/thousand/...+-th”two hundredth二百；非整百/千的数，末位数用序数词，前为数用基数词如；one hundredand thirty-eighth第一百三十八，第三百零三three hundredand third加减乘除表达法B..没有给结果的加减乘除的英文表达例如；I3+8add3and8/3plus
8.13-6subtract6from
13./13minus
6.2x8multiply2by
8./2multiplied by
8.15divide15by
3./15divided by
3..用作运算的数词作主语，谓语动词常用单数形式例如;n3+8=113plus8equals/is
11.13-6=713minus6equals/is
7.2x8=162multiplied by8equals/is1615:3=515divided by3equals/is5注意；和是个介词，和是过去分词短语plus minusmultiplied bydivided by
一、用英语翻译下列数字1第五十__________________2第一百_____________________________3332___________________________46,870___________________________515,471___________________________6200,000___________________________7103,452___________________________8Four thousandand fifty-four9Twelve thousandeight hundredand forty-nine10Four millionfive hundredand thirty-nine thousandtwo hundredand fifteen.
二、写出括号内数字的英文表达
1.There are260students inthe playground.
2.There are8people inmy family.We liveon the15floor.成千上万的
3.In the bookstore thereare books,we aregoingto buy200books forourschool.
4.This ishisthirty novel.
5.This happenedat thebeginning ofthetwenty-one century.
6.Mothers Dayison thetwo Sundayin May.
7.Although hegot thefourplace inthe competition,that wasgood enoughfor him.
8.Tomorrow ismy grandmother^eighty-nine birthday.We willhaveabig partyforher.£□巩固练习
二三、选择正确的答案填空
1.43equals
1.A.plus B.minus C.multiplied byD.divided by
2.35is
8.B.plus B.minusC.multiplied byD.divided by
3.427is
6.C.plus B.minusC.multiplied byD.divided by
4.37equals
21.A.plus B.minus C.multiplied byD.divided by
四、用英语翻译下列算式
1.5x7______________________
2.23-14_______________________
3.26:2_______________________
4.5+12______________________
5.54+9_______________________
五、语法选择Mr.Shute worksasateacher ina middleschool.He teaches1Maths thisterm.He workshard andis2tous all.So welike tolisten3his classesand lovethe oldman.4sometimes Mr.Shute forgets5when he*sthinking oversome problems.6,he wearshis wifeshat orgets ona wrongbus.We allknow him7andnobody laughsat him.One afternoonit wasvery hotwhile Mr.Shute8overa problem inhis room.He forgot9on theelectricfan and10hours laterhewasall wetthrough.His wifecame backandfound it.She askedhim tohave11bath.He thoughtshe wasright andwent tothe bathroom.He didntstop12while hewas lyinginthebathtub.Suddenly he13he forgotto takeoff hisclothes.He hurriedto「jump outof itand lookedat them
14.At lasthe found they weredry andthen saidto15Luckily Ihaventpoured注any waterinto thebathtub!H
1.A.we B.us C.our D.ours
2.A.friend B.friends C.friendly D.friendly
3.A.toB.for C.with D.at
4.A.And B.So C.Or D.But
5.A.anything B.something C.nothing D.everything
6.A.For exampleB.Such asC.Such likeD.Like
7.A.goodB.well C.betterD.best
8.A.thinks B.thought C.is thinkingD.was thinking
9.A.turn B.turned C.to turnD.turning
10.A.few B.a fewC.little D.a little
11.A.a B.an C.theD.不填
12.A.think B.thought C.thinkingD.to think
13.A.found B.to findC.findingD.finds
14.A.care B.cares C.carefulD.carefully
15.A.he B.him C.hisD.himself第三讲
一、形容词比较级和最高级的构成规则变化
1.原级单词形式构成方式比较级最高级词尾加和大多数单音节词-er-est talltaller tallest词尾加和以e结尾的单音节词-r-st bravebraver bravest先双写词尾后一个辅音字重读闭音节，末尾只有一个big biggerbiggest辅音字母的单音节词母，再加和-er est以辅音字母结尾的双音+y变为再加和yi,-er estbusy busierbusiest节词narrow少数以结尾的双音节-er,ow词尾加和-er estnarrower narrowest词部分双音节词和多音节词在单词刖加more和most difficultmore difficultmost difficult不规则变化
2.原级比较级最高级good betterbestill/bad worseworstmuch/many moremostlittle lessleast
二、形容词比较级和最高级的用法和常用结构两个人或则两种事物比较时，用比较级常见结构为；形容词A+be++than+B注意；形容词比较级前可以用和等表示程度的词或则词组修alot,much,far,even,still alittle饰例如；这节课比上——课容易1thislessonis easier than thelastone.这课比上一课容易多2This lessonis mucheasierthanthelastone.最高级
2.三个人或三个以上的人或事物比较，表示最高程度时，用最高级常见结构为；形A+be+the+容词最高级（+..）+比较范围（同类的人/物，范围）例如；・of+in+）我是班里最高的男生1i amthe tallestboy inmy class.）这是所有中最好的2This isthe bastof all.巩固练习一
1.old_________________
5.cheap__________________
2.good________________
6.wet____________________
3.short________________
7.safe___________________
4.healthy______________
8.interesting______________
一、写出下列单词的比较级和最高级
9.strong
10.careful
二、根据句意，用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.Jane isthe girlinourschool.clever
2.My hair is,but Maryshairis than mine,long
3.Mary is,but hersister is than her.beautiful
4.There arethree boxesonthedesk.The red one isbut theyellowoneis thanthe redone,andtheblueoneis theheavy
5.1am,but Tom is thanme,and Sallyistheofthethree.fat
6.The girlisinthenewschool thanintheold one.happy
7.1am twoyears thanmy youngerbrother,old
8.I thinkthis T-shirt ismuch than that one.good
9.Do youthink thecheapest oneistheonebad
10.Who hasbooks,John,Tom orAnnmany
11.The weatheris todaythanthatyesterday.hot
12.Ben ismuch than before.lazy
13.Of allthebooks,Pat theBunny isone forchildren.interesting
14.The mobilephone ismuch now.I decidetobuyit.cheap
15.Tom isboy inhis class,tall
三、从四个选项中选出最佳答案
1.Lucy isat givinga speechthan Ithink.A.bad B.worse C.badly D.worst
2.There arepeople inthis villagenow.Many peoplehave movedout.A.less B.fewer C.leastD.fewestA.higher;farther B.high;far C.highest;farthest D.high;farther
3.The youclimb thehills,the you cansee.
4.With planes,our traffichas becomemore convenientthanbefore.A.many B.alotof C.much D.little
5.This dressis madesilk.A.inB.from C.of D.to
6.This skirtis verynice,but itisthanthat one.A.more expensiveB.much expensiveC.most expensiveD.expensive
7.-Have youever readThe Adventuresof TomSawyer-Yes.Its oneof storiesIve everread.A.much interestingB.more interestingC.the most interestingD.mostinteresting
8.Tomison theschoolbasketball team.He isamong theboys inhis class.A.tall B.taller C.the tallerD.tallest
9.Which pendo youlike,theredoneortheblueoneA.most B.well C.best D.better
10.The applejuice tastesgood.I feelthirsty.Can Ihave oneglassA.much B.more C.many D.most
四、根据中文意思完成句子.如果你再努力一点，你会把工作做得好得多1If youwork,youcando it.这本书比另外一本书贵
2.The bookisthanthe otherone..你要做的最重要的事是多思考3thing foryoutodo isto thinkmore..有了互联网，这个世界正变得越来越小4With theinternet,theworldis becoming.这台电脑花了我叔叔元
5.4,000This computermy uncle4,000yuan..你的英语口语比以前好多了6Your spokenEnglish isbefore.努力学习是学生最重要的任务
7.Studying hardis taskfor students..这块面包太大了我吃不下，我想要一块更小一点的8This pieceof breadid toobig formetoeat.I wanta.无法与他人交流时汤姆目前最大的问题
9.Being unableto communicatewithothersis forTom.鲍比比班上任何一个男生都聪明
10.Bobby isany otherboy inhis class.语法选择“I sometimesget upat threeor fourinthemorning tosurf theInternet.”“I checkedmy e-mail almostforty times1day.”“I seldomspend lessthan threehours eachtime2the net.”“I spend3time inchat roomsthan withmy real-life5friends/9（瘾）Doyouknowanypeople likethese Theyare partof anew addiction4Internet（迷）addiction.According toexperts,Internet addictsspend5thirty toforty hoursonline everyweek.They losecontrol ofthetimethey6ontheInternet.For example,one collegestudent was7for severaldays.His friendswere worriedand lookedfor himeverywhere8couldn51find him.They calledthe police.The policefoundthestudent inthe computerlabsurfing theInternet—as9assevendays straight.A studyshows thatabout sixto tenpercent ofInternet usersbecome addicted.The teenagersspendmore timeontheInternet thanwith friendsand family.Thats whysome expertsworry10about youngpeople.Is surfingtheInterneta hobbyor anaddiction fbryou Youmay haveaproblem11you。
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