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（下）（上）知识点总结Unit1Asia Unit2Great peopleUnit1AsiaGrammar
1.Riding aroundthe countrysideispopular inGuilin,isnt it骑自行车环游乡村在桂林很受欢迎，不是吗？动名词短语riding aroundthecountryside意为“环绕乡村骑行”，在本句中作主语单个动名词短语作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式，进行反意疑问时，动名词短语要用it代替Eatingmorevegetablesisgoodforus.Readinginbedisbadforyoureyes,isnt it
2.The lakeis verybig------it takesup threequarters of the area.湖非常大，占据了这个区域四分之三的面积意为“占据（空间）”，？还可意为“占用（时间）takeupThetabletakesuptoomuchroom.I won9ttakeupany moreofyourtime.take的相关短语takeafter与・・.相像takeapart拆卸，？拆开take away带走takedown写下，？记下takein欺骗；？吸收take off起飞；？脱下take over接收；？接管takecareof照顾，？照料threequarters意为“四分之三:表示分数时，分子使用基数词，分母使用序数词如果分子大于分母应使用复数形式1,onethird三分之一two fifths五分之二“分数限定词+名词”结构作主语时，谓语动词的数通常与后的名词的数保持一致+0f+f0According to the survey,two thirdsof the studentsareinterestedinwatchingTV.Itisreportedthatthreequartersofthewater waspolluted.
3.There aremany stonelions oneither sideof it.在桥边有很多石狮子作限定词，意为“（两者中的）任何一个；（两者中的）每一个”eitherThere areshops oneither sideof theroad.作副词时，可意为“也％常用于否定句句末，表示补充说明eitherI amnot aworker,either.【巩固练习】
一、单项填空
1.一Wendy,how longhave youhad theHuawei P30Pro一A coupleof days,I itlast week.A.bought B.buy C.will buyD.have bought
2.When I was young,I in the country.A.used to live B.was used to liveC.usedto living D.was usedtoliving
3.—Oh,you arehere inWuxi.I that.一I justcame herethis morning.Lefs finda cafeand have a goodchat there.A.didnt knowB.dont knowC.havent knownD.wont know
4.Guilin isfamous itsnatural landscapes.A.for B.as C.with D.in
1.1hope tomy birthdayparty nextSunday.A.your come B.you tocome C.you cancome D.you came
1.2t rainedheavily,the workerswent onworking.A.Because B.If C.Unless D.Although
7.She downbecause shehad aheadache.A.lay B.lied C.lies D.lie
8.Tony getsup earlyhe canbe the first one to get to hisclassroom.A.so;that B.such;that C.too;to D.enough;to
9.There arethings inyour room.Stop buyinganything untilyou canclean upyourroom.A.too manyB.less C.too muchD.so much
10.The roomflowers.A.fill withB.full ofC.is filledwith D.is filledof
11.一Uncle Samsaid hemy birthdayparty,but henever showedup.一Thafs UncleSam.He forgetseverything!A.will attendB.would attendC.has attendedD.had attended
12.We wonderif ourparents will come toour graduatingparty nextweekend.If theywellbe verysad.A.comeB.comes C.are comingD.willcome
13.you workhard,nobody canhelp you.A.If B.Whether C.Except D.Unless
14.一Where wouldyou likeA.to go;Relaxing somewhereB.to go;Somewhere relaxingC.going;Relaxing somewhereD.going;Somewhere relaxing
15.He everySaturday morningin ananimal hospital.A.spends;working B.spends;to workC.pays;working D.pays;to work
二、同义句转换
1.In orderto passthe exam,Amy workedas hardas shecould.Amy workedas hardas shecould shecould passthe exam.
2.How doyou likethis filmdoyou thisfilm
3.The roomis toosmall forten people to live in.The roomis smallten peoplecan tliveinit.
4.Simon tried his best,but hefailed again.Simon failedagain hetriedhisbest.
5.Mr Zhangwas latefor themeeting becauseof thebad traffic.The trafficwas bad,Mr Zhangwas latefor themeeting.
三、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
1.Different countrieshave differentculture.
2.Our newspaperis anation newspaper.
3.Her illnesswas causedmain bystress.
4.The chairmanis onlythe nominal名义上的rule ofthe country.
5.What asurprising tofind youhere!
6.Did yourealize howmuch stressyouface atthat moment
7.What actionshall wetake tomove towardsgetfull marksin ourmaths exam
8.Henot chooseto giveup thejob unless he isprovided witha betterone.
9.You can*t solvethe mysteryin thefilm ifno attentionpayto thedetails.
10.My computerfon doesntwork.Where canI haveit（repair）
四、阅读理解AMr and Mrs Smith had always spent theirsummer holidaysin NewJersey（新泽西）inthe past,staying ina smallinn（旅店）at thefoot ofa hill.One year,however,Mr Smithmade a lot of money inhis business,so they decided to go toLondon and stayat areally goodhotel whilethey went touring aroundthat famouscity.They flewto Londonand arrived at theirhotel lateone evening.They hadexpected that theywould haveto go to bedhungry,because inthat smallinn inNew Jersey,no mealswere servedafterseven.They weresurprised whenthe waiterasked whetherthey wouldtake dinnerthere thatnight.Are youstill servingdinner”asked MrSmith.Yes,certainly,sir,“answered thewaiter.Weserve ituntil halfpast nine.”“What arethe timesof mealsthen”asked MrSmith.Well,sir,answered thewaiter/Weserve breakfastfrom sevento halfpast elevenin the morning,lunch fromtwelve tothree in theafternoon,tea fromfour tofive,and dinnerfrom sixto halfpast nine.”“But thathardly leavesany timefor usto see the sights of London,“said MrSmith.l.Mr andMrsSmith hadalwaysspenttheir holidaysin.A.New YorkB.London C.New JerseyD.Washington
2.When Mrand MrsSmithhadalotofmoney,theydecidedto goto.A.their hometownB.the capitalof EnglandC.New JerseyD.a smallcity inEngland
3.They wentto Londonby.A.sea B.plane C.train D.bus
4.From thestory weknow that this wasthe timefor MrandMrsSmith togo toLondon.A.first B.second C.third D.fourth
5.What doesthe sentenceBut thathardly leavesany timefor usto see.the sights of London”meanA.We cangoto seethe sightsof London atany time.B.We haveenough timeto seethe sightsof London.12/14C.We cansee moresightsofLondon.D.We havelittle timetoseethesightsofLondon.BMr Kingworks ina shopand drivesa carfor themanager.He drivescarefully andcan keepcalmin timeof danger.And heescaped fromseveral accidents.The managerpays himmore andthe traffic policemenoften speakhighly ofhim.Mr Baker,one ofhis friends,works ina factoryoutside the city.It isfar fromhis houseand hehastogoto workby bus.As thetraffic iscrowded in the morning,sometimes he is latefor work.His managerwarns theyoung manwill besent awayunlesshegets tohis officeon time.He hopesto buy acar,but hehasnt enoughmoney.He decidesto buy an oldone.He wentto the flea marketandat lasthe chosea beautifulbut cheapcar.He saidhe wantedto have a trial（实验）drive,theseller agreed.He calledMr Kingand askedhim tohelp him.Mr Kingexamined the car atfirst andthen droveit away.It wasfive in themorningand therewerefew carsin the street.At firsthe droveslowly andit workedwell.Then hedrove fast.Andwhen hereached acrossing,the lightturned red.He tried to stopit,but hefailed andnearly hitanold womanwho wascrossing thestreet.A policeman told himto stop,but thecar wenton untilit hita big treeby theroad.“Didnt youhear me”the policemanasked angrily.“Yes,I did,sir/9said Mr King,“since itdoesntlisten tomg canit obeyyou”
6.Mr Kingis paidmore becausehe.A.always drives very slowlyB.is notafraid ofdangerC.has drivenfor yearsD.drivesverywell
7.Mr Bakerwentto thefleamarket to.A.buyasecond-hand carB.haveatrial driveC.choose anew carD.sell hisold car
8.Mr Kingtriedtostop thecar when.A.he sawan oldwoman crossingthestreetB.he sawabigtreeC.thetrafficlights turnedred D.the policemanshouted angrilyat him
9.Which ofthe followingis trueA.Mr Kingwill besent awayif hekeeps beinglate.B.Mr Bakercant affordto buyan oldcar.C.MrKingdidnt hearthe policeman.D.Something waswrong with thecar.可作代词，意为“两者中任何一个”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式eitherEither ofthe skirtsis OK.…”或者…或者…”either...or拓展:“既不…也不…”neither...nor...Neither Inor hecan swim.
4.The lionsare alldifferent fromeach other.这些狮子彼此都不一样be different from意为“与......不同”，是固定短语，表示前后两者进行比较Your bikeis quitedifferentfrommine.
①be differentin意为“在某方面不同”Her bikeis differentin style.
②diference可用作可数名词，意为“差别；差异”There aresome differencesbetween thetwins.
5.While Iwas walkingalong thebridge,my mobilephone rang.当我沿着桥走的时候，我的手机响了When/Whilemy mothercamehome,Iwas watching TV.When/While IwaswatchingTV,my mothercameback.My motherwas cookingwhileI waswatchingTV.
1.1told herthat theSummer Palacewas wellworth visiting.我告诉她颐和园非常值得一游beworth doing sth,值得做某事
7.It israining heavilyoutside.外面雨下的很大heavily作副词，意为“在很大程度上；大量地，可用来说明雨、雪等下得大”It issnowing heavilyhere.heavy作形容词，意为“重的；沉的”My youngerbrother ismuch heavierthan me.
8.We leftBeijing forShanghai earlyin themorning.早上我们早早离开北京前往上海离开某地去某地leave spfor sp动身去某地leave forspWe aregoing toleave forGuangzhou tomorrow.作动词，意为“剩下”，通常用过去分词作定语leaveIs thereany foodleft inthe fridge作动词，还可以意为“遗忘某物于某地”，后接表示地点的介宾短语leaveI leftmy schoolbagat homethis morning.
9.1felt alittle coldwhen wewent out.当我们出去时感到有点冷意为“一点，稍微”，修饰形容词和副词，也可修饰比较级a littleLilyis alittle tallerthan hersister.还可以修饰不可数名词，表示数量a littleThere is alittle milkinthebottle.还可以修饰单数名词，意为“小的”a littleToour surprise,he issuch alittle boy.【拓展】
①afew,“一点儿”，只能用来修饰可数名词复数There area fewapples on the table.
②few,“几乎没有”，修饰可数名词Few peoplelike beinglaughed at.
③little,“几乎没有”，修饰不可数名词He haslittle moneytobuyfood.
11.We arrived in Shanghaionasunny day.我们在一个晴朗的日子里到达了上海【辨析arrive,get与reach]arrive作不及物动词，后接介词in或at构成及物动词短语，然后才能接地点名词作宾语后接大地点，后接小地点arrive inarrive at作“到达”讲时为不及物动词，与介词连用再接表示地点的名词getto作及物动词，其后可直接跟地点名词作宾语reachUncle WangarrivedinBeijing at5:00yesterday.The trainarrivedatthe station20minutes late.LiMing getsto schoolat730every day.When didyou reachTianjin
12.Many peoplefind itpleasant totravel around.许多人觉得到处旅游很愉快findit+adj.+todosth.意为“发现做某事是…”，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式结构I findit interestingto watchEnglish movies.可用于这种句式结构的动词还有think,consider,feel等I thinkit importantto makegood friends.形容词意为“令人愉快的；吸引人的，常作定语，用于修饰物pleasantpleased形容词意为“高兴；满意”，常作表语，主语通常是人，常用于be pleasedtodo和be pleasedwith结构中pleasure名词意为“快乐；乐事”，作“快乐”讲时，是不可数名词；作“乐事讲时，是可数名词We spenta verypleasant evening.He isvery pleasedwith ourwork.It isa pleasurefor metolivewith you.
13.The trafficis oftenbusy,but publictransport hereis quitegood,so itseasy forpeopletogetaround.交通经常很繁忙，但这里的公共交通相当好，所以人们很容易四处走动be busydoing sth.,意为“忙于做某事”be busywith sth.意为“忙于某事
14.They providea highlevel ofservice,他们提供高水平的服务provide作及物动词，意为“提供；供给“，常构成短语sb.with sb.with sth.,意为“提供给某人某物，相当于sth.for sth.for sb.food.=Thel providedthe studentswith food.二The schoolprovided foodfor the students.Integrated skills
1.Our flighta.m.onbe at9a.m.on25February,and weplan tostay therefor fourdays.我们的航班是2月25日上午9点，我们计划在那里停留四天此处用作可数名词，意为“航班；班机”flight
①fly flew,flown作及物动词时，可意为“放飞；使飞行”Children likeflying kitesin spring.
②Ry作不及物动词时，可意为“飞；飞翔”Birds flyinthesky.…意为乘飞机去……”to…toWe oftenfly toShanghai.Study skills
1.Body language,as aform ofcommunication,is differentfrom cultureto culture.肢体语言作为一种交流方式，因文化而异haveacommunication withsb与某人交流/沟通”communicate withsb与某人交流/沟通
3.1did somethingwrong.我做错了不定代词+形容词Thereisalways somethingfun happeninginthesupermarket.Task
1.India hasthe secondlargest populationintheworld.E[]度是世界第二大人口国
①population在句中作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式The population of Chinais large.
②当与分数或百分数连用，在句中作主语时，谓语动词多用复数形式populationAbout seventypercent ofthe populationhere arefarmers.
③表示某国、某城市有多少人口时，可用“…•或者has a population of…“The・••is.Jation of+・・・+is…”The big city has apopulationof about5milion.=The populationofthebigcityis about5million.
④对人口数量进行提问时用whatoWhats thepopulationofthecity
⑤表示人口的“多”要用large/big；“少用smalloIndia hasa largepopulation.
2.People inIndia mainlyspeak Hindi,but theirsecond languageis English,so itisnt toodifficult tocommunicatewith thelocal people.印度人主要说印地语，但他们的第二语言是英语，所以与当地人交流并不难―00+形容词/副词+to...”结构可与“so...that+否定句”进行同义句转换，且that后的句子中多使用情态动词can或couldoUnit2Great peopleWelcometotheunit
1.Tve neverheard ofhim.我从未听说过他hear of相当于hear about,意为“听说，听到“，后跟名词或代词;hear from意为“收到…的来信”hear意为“听到、听说”，强调听的结果；listen意为“听”，强调听的动作hear sb.doingsth.意为“听到某人正在做某事，hear sb.do sth.意为“听到某人做某事的全过程”
2.one ofthe firstEuropeans todiscover America最早发现美洲的欧洲人之一Reading
1.He becameinterested inflying when he tookhis firstflight atthe ageof six.当他六岁第一次乘坐飞机时，他开始对飞行感兴趣become/be interested in意为“对…感兴趣”，相当于take/have aninterest ininterested形容词I aminterestedinEnglish.“感兴趣的”，作表语，主语是人be interestedin doing形容词“有趣的”，作表语或定语，主语是物interesting Thebook isvery interesting.His maininterests arereadinginterest名词“兴趣”，作主、宾语and playingthe piano.take/have aninterest in
2.Armstrong joinedthe navyin1949and servedasapilot forthree years.阿姆斯特朗1949年加入海军，当了三年飞行员Ijoin作动词，意为“加入，参加工
①join+组织/团体，表示“加入到某个组织中并成为其中一员”He joinedthe armyin
1990.表示“加入到某人当中去”@join+sb.in doingsth.Would youlike tojoin usin playingthe computergame
③join in+某活动，表示参加某种活动,相当于take partinCollege studentsjoin inmany activitiesafter class.
3.However,on theirway back tothe Earth,the spacecraftbegan spinningout ofcontrol.然而,在返回地球的途中，飞船开始失去控制on one飞way backto…意为”在某人返回・・•的途中”，on one飞way to…意为“在某人去…的路上”，t为介词，其后接副词时，应省略介词tcontrol可作名词可作动词，意为“控制，beyond control意为“难以控制，in controlof意为“处于控制地位，out ofcontrol意为“失去控制的，under control意为被控制”
4.On20July1969,Armstrong becamethe firstmantowalk onthe Moon.1969年7月20日,阿姆斯特朗成为第一个在月球上行走的人thefirstonetodo sth.第一个做某事的人
5.He saidthe famouswords64one smallstep fbra man,one giantleap formankindas hestepped outontothe Moorfssurface.当他走上月球表面时，他说了着名的话“一个人的一小步，人类的一大步”
6.They collectedMoon rocksto takebacktotheEarthfor furtherresearch.他们收集月球岩石带回地球做进一步研究further可以指更远的，或者抽象意义上更深一层的；farther距离时间上更远的，较远的
7.Because ofhis excellentservice,Neil Armstrongwas presentedwiththeMedal ofFreedom,thehighest awardthat aUS citizencan receive.由于他出色的服务，尼尔・阿姆斯特朗被授予自由勋章，这是美国公民所能获得的最高奖项present sb.with sth.意为“授予某人某物，向某人赠送某物”
8.He wasthe prideofthe whole world.他是全世界的骄傲pride作名词，意为“骄傲”，take pridein意为“对..・感到骄傲”，相当于be proudofGrammar我们在初中阶段学过的动词常见时态有以下几种
1.一般现在时:谓语动词用原形或第三人称单数形式
2.一般过去时:谓语动词用过去式
3.一般将来时:谓语用will/shall/be goingto+动词原形
4.现在进行时:谓语用am/is/are+动词的现在分词
5.现在完成时:谓语用have/has+动词的过去分词
6.过去进行时:谓语用was/were+动词的现在分词动词主要用来表示动作、状态和性质，而英语中动词的时态是指动作和状态发生的具体时间和表现方式英语中动词时态用动词的不同形式来表示英语中动词的五种基本形式为:动词原形、第三人称单数、现在分词、过去式和过去分垣一般现在时表示现阶段习惯性、周期性、反复或经常发生的动作，或者用于描述客观真理always,usually,often,sometimes,seldom,never,on Sunday,every day,every year,once amonth,three timesa year
①一般现在时表示现在的状态；I likecollecting stamps.
②一般现在时表示一个动作接着一个动作，用来描述连续性的事件；The bellrings andthestudentscome intoclass.
③一般现在时可以用来摘述日常生活和习惯；He alwaysgoes homeat6p.m.
④一般现在时表示按照时间表或计划表所做的事情The classbegins at2p.m.现在进行时表示现在正在发生的动作，在现阶段持续发生的动作或存在的状态atthemoment,now,right now,look,listen
①现在进行时表示正在发生的动作或状态；She islooking afterher babynow.
②现在进行时表示几个动作同时进行；He isdoing his homework andhis fatheris cooking.
③现在进行时可以表示在特定时间段里所发生的动作；This monthheispreparing forthe exam.
④现在进行时表示即将发生的动作或安排I ammeeting someold friendsafter school.一般过去时表示在过去发生的动作或存在的状态yesterday,the daybefore yesterday,last year,two monthsago,in1999
①一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或者存在的状态；He wenthome bycar yesterday.
②一般过去时可以表示过去发生的一系列连续的动作；He haddinner andthen didhishomework.过去进行时表示过去的某个时刻正在发生的动作、过去同一时间里同时发生的动作或在过去的某个时间段内持续发生的动作或存在的状态atthistime yesterday,from...to lastnight
①过去进行时强调过去某个时刻发生的动作；He wasshopping at10a.m.yesterday.
②过去进行时表示过去同一时间里同时发生的动作；She wasreading whileher motherwas talkingonthephone.
③过去进行时还可以表示过去的某个时间段内持续发生的动作或存在的状态We wereplaying gamesthewholeafternoon yesterday.【注意】过去进行时通常用和连接when whileHe was sleepingwhen hisfather cameback.过去进行时常与等频度副词连用，表示过去频繁发生的习惯性动作，此时的过去进行时always常带有一定的感情色彩Hewasalways playingcomputer gameswhenhewas inGrade
7.现在完成时描述一个发生在过去，并一直延续到现在，或者可能还要延续到将来的动作
①现在完成时强调过去动作所产生的结果或影响；He hasalready boughttwo cars.
②现在完成时表示过去某个动作直到现在已经发生了多少次He has been heremany times.
③现在完成时中，与表示时间点的时间状语连用；与表示时间段的时间状语连用since forIthasbeentwo weekssince Icame here.I havebeen herefor twoweeks.。
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