中考英语复习现在完成时过去进行时

现在完成时定义现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果

一、基本结构谓语动词have/has+done其中have/has为助动词，done为动词过去分词；肯定They havefinished their task.否定They haven t finished theirtask.疑问形式Have/Has+主语+done+其他？Have theyfinishedtheirtask回答用Yes,•••have has./No,…haventhasn,t.

二、过去分词动词过去分词的构成分规则变化和不规则变化两种形式;规则变化则同动词过去式的规则变化一样变化规则举例1一般在动词后加ed p1ay—p1ayed—p1ayedwant—wanted-wanted2以不发音的e结尾的加-d1ike-liked-1ikedlive—1ived-1ived3以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i再加-edcarry-carried-carriedhurry-hurried-hurried4以个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写字尾加一edplan plannedplannedstop-stopped-stopped其不规则变化参照《动词不规则变化表》be-was/were-been go-went-gone

三、现在完成时应用L表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，其汉译常带有“完了，过了，已经”等意，I havespent allof mymoney.My fatherhas gone to work.

2.现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的、持续到现在的动作用行为动词表示或状态be动词表？？示，常与for+时间段，since+过去的时间点或过去时的句子连用，谓语动词必须是延续性动词如He haslived heresince

1978.自从1978年以来，他一直住在这儿They haveleanrtChinesein thisschool for3years.他们在这个学校学汉语3年了【注意】Lsince用法・.・词，自从・・・以来，后面加时间点，与现在完成时连用He has been heresince three years ago.・・・词，自从..・以来，主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时I havetaught Englishin Chinasince Icame here.It is/has been+时间段+since从句一般过去时It isthreeyearssince Ileft Australia.

2.for和since用法区分for+时间段，累计的时间，一直进行多长时间since+时间点，某件事开始的时间They have been marriedfor tenyears.They have been marriedsince tenyears ago【练习1】用for和since填空

1.two years

2.two yearsago

3.last month

4.

19995.yesterday

6.4o clock

7.4hours

8.an hourago

9.we werechildren

10.lunch timell.she left here现在完成进行时所用的时间状语recently/;in thepast few+时间段；since+时间点；for+时间段，so far,already等等如They havebeen buildingthe bridgefor twomonth.两个月来他们一直在修桥We havent gotany replyfrom herso far.我们迄今为止还没有收到她的回复【练习2】L Ifive bookssince Ijoined thebook club.A.am readingB.will readC.have read

2.一Do youknow SunshineTown verywell,Mr Chen一Sure.I heresince I was born.A.has livedB.livedC.have lived

3.I theguitar eversince I was8years old.A.playedB.have playedC.am playing

4.The ancienttown has been opento visitorsabout tenyears.A.byB.forC.on四【短暂性动词与延续性动词】在英语中，短暂性动词不能与持续的时间连用，要转换成延续性动词非延续性动词延续性动词catch acoldhave acoldput onwearborrow keepbuyhavecome/arrive/reach beherego betherefall illbe illdiebe deadfallasleep beasleepopen beopenclose beclosedget marriedbe marriedjoinbe inbegin/start beonfinish beoverIhaveboughtthisbikefor5years.（buy不能和5years连用）f Ihave hadthis bikefor5years.They havegot marriedsince

1999.（getmarried是短暂性动词，不能和段时间连用）fTheyhavebeen marriedsince

1999.［注意］短暂性动词的否定式可以与一段时间连用，因为否定式表示动作未发生，表示持续的状态，不与根本的产生原则冲突，比如最常见的一个日常用语I havent seenyou for a longtime.【练习

111.Li Honghas thearmy for2years.A.joined B.be in C.been inA.children B.five yearsC.five yearsago99••

3.Mike__________the storyfor amonth.B.has hadA.has bought

2.We havebeen friendssince.

4.You thatquestion threetimes.A.already askedalready askedC.already have asked

5.They inthe citysince lastsummer.A.live B.didn tlive C.have lived

6.Mrs.Wang haslived inHaikou

1992.A.since B.from C.after

7.Mr.Black Chinasincethe summerof

1998.A.has beento B.has beeninC.has cometo

10.His fatherfor years.A.has diedB.has beendead C.died五【辨析have goneto/havebeento/have beenin）have goneto:已经去了某地（人还没回来）Have beento:曾今去过某地（人已经回来）Have beenin:一直待在某地（可以与一段时间连用）.-Where isJackI cant findhim.-He has gonetoBeijing on business.times.Ibeen toFrance threetimes.I thinkit isreally abeautiful country.It ssaid hehas beenin Japanfor threemonths.【练习3]

1.Mr.Li Kunming.He thecity threetimes.This timehe Kunmingforthree days.A.has beento;has goneto;has beeninB.has goneto;has beento;has beeninC.has beenin;has beento;has goneto

2.Whenwi11your sistergo toEngland一She Londonsince fourmonthsago.一A.went toB.has gonetoC.has beentoD.has beenin

3.May Ispeak toyour headmaster一Sorry,he isnthere.He toGuiyangonbusiness.一C.havee goneB.has goneC.havebeenin

4.Where isyour uncleI havent seenhim fora longtime.一He_______Beijing forabout halfa year.He movedthere inJanuary.一A.has gonetoB.has beeninC.has arrivedin【巩固练习

1.

111.Have youseen Dr.Adams recently一-No.He HongKong for an importantmeeting.He11come backtomorrow.—Ahas goneinB.has beeninC.has goneto.999•••2Where ismy sister,mum—.—She thelibrary andshe willbe backsoon.c.isas beentoB.has gonetoC.is goingto

3.Where isyour cousin一He Shanghaiand hethere fortwo days.一A.hasgoneto;has beeninB.hasgone to;has beenC.hasbeento;hasbeen【

2.知识点分析】过去进行时态1用法

①过去某个时间正在发生的动作例Hewas cookingat six last night.昨天晚上六点，他正在做饭

②过去某段时间正在发生的动作？例Iwas stayingherefrom Marchto Maylast year.去年从3月到5月，我一直呆在这里

2.与过去进行时连用的时间状语，常见的有at ninelast night/at thattime=then/at this timeyesterday/或有when theteacher camein/while hewas reading

3.过去进行时的构成was\were+现在分词

4.过去进行时的四个基本句型【课堂练习】

1.I calledyou last night.But noone answered.一Oh,I TVat thattime.一A.watchedB.am watchingC.will watchD.was watchingIthe violinat tenclock thismorning.A.practiceB.were practicingC.am practicingD.was practicingWhydidnt youanswer myphone at8:00last night

4.一Sorry,.一A.I goswimmingB.I amtaking ashowerC.I washanging outwith friends句型肯定句主语+was/were+doing+其它否定句主语+was/were+not+doing+其它一般疑问句及答语Was/Were+主语+doing+其它肯定回答Yes,主语+was/were否定回答No,主语+was not/were not.特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+doing+其它举例肯定句？Hewas cookingatsix last night.否定句？Hewas notcookingatsixlast night.一般疑问句？Washecookingat sixlast night两回答？Yes,hewas.No,hewasnt.特殊疑问句？Whatwashedoingat sixlast night

5.过去进行时的熊句型when和while引导的时间状语，主句和从句动词时态问题

1.过去进行时描述一件事发生的背景；即一个动作延续时另一个短暂性动作同时发生，用when（用延续性动词或短暂性动词都可以）例IwaswatchingTVwhenthebellrang.我正在看电视突然铃响了Jimwas readingwhentheteachercamein.当老师进来的时候，吉姆正在读书羲行南有两个延续动作岔套某一时刻同时进行，用while（只用延续性动词）例Thestudentswerereadingwhiletheteacherwascheckingtheirhomework.老师在批改作业的时候，学生们在读书Jimwas readingwhileKatewas watchingTV.在凯特正在看电视的同时，吉姆正在读书Jimcameinwhi1eKatewaswatchingTV.在凯特正在看电视的时候，吉姆进来了6,比较HewatchedTV lastnight.（过去时间lastnight,用一般过去时）Hewas watchingTVat ninelastnight.（过去时间lastnight+点时间at nine,用过去进行时）【练习2】

1.When didthe classroomhaveapower cut一This morning,while wea physicslesson.一A.have hadB.were havingC.are havingD.will have

2.What wereyou andyour sisterdoing atthis timeyesterday,Lucy一Iwasdoing myhomework shewas listeningto music.一A.whenB.whileC.thatD.as

3.While Iat thetraffic light,I sawTony helpingan oldman crossthe street.A.waitB.am waitingC.was waitingD.will wait【巩固练习

2.1]

4.Where wereyou atthistimeyesterday一My bikewas broken,so Iit.一A.repairedB.have repairedC.was repairingD.am repairing

5.The girls voicewasafter cryingforanhour.A.dying downB.rising upC.going upD.going off

6.Stevenhis dogforawalk whenI calledhim yesterdayafternoon.A.takesB.tookC.is takingD.was taking

7.What wereyou doingit wasraining一Iwaswriting aletter tomy penpal inmy bedroom.一A.beforeB.whileC.ifD.after。