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BIn thelate1800s,industrialization haddriven urbanpopulations andland pricesup,making tallbuildings increasingly cost-effective.Skyscraper constructionexploded acrossthe USafter theturn of the20th century.In NewYork,the recordfbr the worlds tallestbuilding wasbroken sixtimes between1908and
1931.The developmentof steelframes madeit easierand cheaperto buildtall.The inventionof theelevator,meanwhile,made inhabitinghigher floors far more convenient.However,todays skyscraperslook littlelike thosebuilt inthe firsthalf of the20th century.This ismostly thanks to architectures next major technological change:the curtainwall.Soon,glass wasproducedquickly anduniformly,and glasswindows soonbecame thechoice fbr skyscrapers.Glasswindows havemany advantages.In additionto allowingfbr greaterfloor spaceand lettingnatural lightcomein moreeasily,glass ismuch moreflexible.The usageof glasscould alsohelp buildingsstandgreater windas wellas hugeswinging causedby earthquakesand typhoons.“The roleof skyscrapershas twoparts Jexplains SimonChan,an experiencedarchitect.Every citywantsto havethis landmarkthat givesthat senseof uniqueculture,but theyalso needplaces fbrpeople toliveand workin urbansettings/9he adds.A typicalexample isHong Kong—one ofthe worldsmostexpensive housingmarkets.Land thereis verylimited,and goinghigh isalmost theonly solution.Butthere comesalong thenext bigchallenge.The buildingsand theirconstruction accountfbr morethan1/3oftheworlds energyconsumption,and contributeto almost40%of greenhousegas emissions.Glass skyscrapers,for example,will probablychange thelook ofour skylines,adding beauty to ourcity.However,they relyon energy-consuming airconditioning totackle heat-and-airflow problems.So,encouraging naturalventilation（通风）or usingbuildings themselvesto producesolar orwind energytoreduce carbonemissions isthe frontierfbrskyscraperarchitects.There shouldbe manynewdevelopments inskyscraper designand technologywith theaim ofmaking skyscraperssomething thatsavesenergy.
24.What isthe firstparagraph mainlyaboutA.Major buildingequipment fbrskyscrapers.B.Fast developinghistory ofskyscrapers.C.Introduction to theworldstallest skyscrapers.D.Factors contributingtotherise ofskyscrapers.
25.From whataspect aretodays skyscrapersdifferent fromthe formeronesA.Their enoughlight.B.Their greaterfloor space.C.Their mainfunctions.D.Their buildingmaterials.
26.Why havemany skyscrapersbeen built in HongKongA.To solvethe shortageof land.B.To balancethe constructioncost.C.To savethe energyconsumption.D.To showthe placesparticular culture.
27.Whats theauthors attitudetowards theglass skyscrapersA.Disapproving B.Objective.C.Optimistic.D.Uncertain.【答案】
24.D
25.D
26.A
27.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文随着城市化、新技术和新材料的发明和使用，使得建造高楼大厦变得更加受人青睐，但能源消耗问题仍待解决【题详解】24主旨大意题根据第一段的“In thelate1800s,industrialization haddriven urbanpopulations andland pricesup,.（在年代后期，工业化推动了城市人口和土地价格上涨，使making tallbuildingsincreasinglycost-effective1800高层建筑越来越具有成本效益）”和（钢The developmentof steelframes madeit easierand cheaperto buildtall.架的发展使建造高层变得更加容易和便宜）以及The inventionoftheelevator,meanwhile,made inhabitinghigher（与此同时,电梯的发明使居住在较高楼层变得更加方便）”可知，工业化、钢架结floorsfarmoreconvenient.构的发明以及电梯的发明促使着高楼大厦风靡一时即本段主要介绍了促成高楼大厦增加的原因故选项D题详解】[25细节理解题根据第二段的However,todays skyscraperslook littlelike thosebuiltinthe firsthalf ofthe20th century.This ismostlythankstoarchitecturesnextmajortechnologicalchange:the curtainwall.Soon,glass wasproduced（然而，今天的摩天大楼看起来quickly anduniformly,and glasswindows soonbecame thechoice forskyscrapers.不像世纪上半叶建造的摩天大楼这主要归功于建筑的下一个重大技术变革幕墙很快，玻璃生产迅速20而均匀，玻璃窗很快成为摩天大楼的选择）”可知，现在的摩天大楼与之前的不同在于其使用了玻璃材料故选项D【题详解】26细节理解题根据第三段中的.（那里的土地“Land thereis verylimited,and goinghigh isalmost theonly solution非常有限，走高几乎是唯一的解决方案）”可知，香港建造摩天大楼的原因是土地有限故选项A【题详解】27推理判断题根据最后一段的“Glass skyscrapers,for example,will probablychange thelook ofour skylines,adding（例如，beautytoour city.However,they relyon energy-consuming airconditioning totackle heat-and-airflow problems.玻璃摩天大楼可能会改变我们天际线的外观，为我们的城市增添美感然而，他们依靠耗能的空调来解决热量和气流问题）”可知，作者认为玻璃摩天大楼很美观，但同时也存在着耗能大、不够环保等问题由此可推知作者对其态度是客观的故选项B。
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