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复习定语和定语从句Period ThreeGrammarWriting语法专题
一、复习定语定语是用来修饰名词或代词的成分，可由单词、短语或从句充当
（一）定语的位置定语有前置和后置两种位置位置用法单个形容词、代词、数词、名词、动词形式、动词-形式等放在所修饰的名词之-ing ed前置前动词不定式（短语）、动词形式短语、动词形式短语、介词短语、从句等放在所-ing-ed后置修饰的名词之后
（二）定语的构成形容词作定语
1.当几个形容词同时出现在名词之前时，遵循的词序为限观形龄色国材用，指限定词（一般指数量）;外观（美丽等）；形状（大小、高矮、胖瘦）；年龄；颜色；国籍；材料；用途She likesthe largered Chinesewooden dinnertable.她喜欢大的红色的中国木质餐桌注意形容词修饰不定代词时需后置Anyone intelligentcan doit.任何有才智的人都能做这件事名词作定语
2.They arewomen pilots.她们是女飞行员.代词作定语3His proposalis worthconsidering.他的建议值得考虑数词作定语
4.The sunis93,000,000miles away.太阳离我们英里93000000副词作定语
5.She metme onher wayhome.她在回家的路上碰见了我介词短语作定语
6.Well have a reporton currentaffairs onSunday morning.我们周日上午要听时事报告不定式（短语）作定语
7.Thats theteaching planfor youto discuss.这就是那份供你们讨论的教学计划分词作定语
8.现在分词表示主动或正在进行的动作；过去分词表示被动或已经完成的动作The girlplaying thepiano is a fresher.弹钢琴的那个女孩是一年级新生The meetingheld yesterdaywas important.昨天开的那个会很重要动名词作定语
9.There is a swimmingpool in their college.他们学校有个游泳池I-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------即时跟踪1正在踢足球的l.The boyplaying footballis mylittle brother.步行分钟的路程
1.1fs aboutfive minuteswalk5from schoolto ourhome everyday.穿红衣服的
3.The womandressed inred isour mathsteacher.容易学的.
4.English isa languageeasy tolearn下一个将唱歌的
5.The girlto singnext isMary.I I
二、复习定语从句定语从句起了形容词的作用，在句中修饰一个名词或代词被修饰的词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫
1.关系词，它的作用一是放在先行词与定语从句中间起连接作用，二是在从句中担当一个成分，并与先行词保持数的一致关系词先行词从句成分例句备注Do youknow the man whoiswho人主语、宾语talking withyour motherMr.Smith is the personwithwhom Iam working.人宾语whomThe boywhom sheloved died关in thewar.系代I likethose bookswhose topics词are abouthistory.The boy人或物定语whosewhose fatherworks abroadismy deskmate.A planeisamachine thatcanfly.人或物主语、宾语、表语thatShe is the popstar that I wantto see verymuch.The bookwhich Igaveyou wasworth whom,which和that在从句S
10.主语、宾语、中作宾语时，常可以省略，物whichThe picturewhich表语但介词提前时后面的关系代was about the词不能省略，也不可以用thataccident wasterrible.He wasnt主语、宾语、unconscious,as人、物或事作宾语一般不省略as as表语could bejudgedfrom hiseyes.I willnever forgetthe时间时间状语可用when daywhen wemet onwhichthere.关This is the house系地点地点状语可用where inwhichwhere Iwas born.副词I can*t imaginethereason whyhe turned原因原因状语可用why forwhichdown myoffer.与的用法区别
2.that which,who,whom情况用法说明例句只用的.先行词为that1all,everything,anything,I.He toldme everythingthat he情况（少的）,等不定代词时knows.nothing,little much
2.先彳亍词被
2.All thebooks thatyou offeredall,any,every,each,much,littlehave beengiven out.（少的），等修饰时.指物的no,some,few
33.This isthe bestfilm thatI have先行词有形容词最高级或序数词修饰时ever seen.先行词既有人又有物时
4.
4.We talkedabout the persons and先行词被修饰时
5.the only,the verythingsthat weremembered.句中已经有或为了避免重复时
6.who which,
5.He isthe onlyman thatI wanttosee.
6.Who isthemanthat ismaking aspeech.在非限制性定语从句中，只能用指1Which，l.He has a sonwho hasgone abroad代物，用指人who/whomfor furtherstudy.只用which,who,
2.在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
2.I likethepersonto whomthewhom的情况中，只能用which指物，whom指人
3.先行teacher istalking.词本身是that时,关系词用which；先行词为
3.Those whorespect othersarethose,one,he时多用who usuallyrespected byothers.和的区另
3.as,which thatlj从句区别例句名词前有和修饰such the same Heis notsuch afool ashe looks.Don*t限制性定语从句时，关系代词用as,不能用which readsuch booksas youcant understand.中和都可以指代前面整as which个主句如果有“正如，像”They won the game,as wehad expected.的含义，可以放在主句前，也They won the game,which wehadnt非限制性定语从可以放在主句后，那么用as；expected.句中而引导的从句只能放在As iswell known,he isa famousfilmwhich主句后，没有“正如”的意思star in the1980s.Thats thesame toolas Iused lastweek.（同类工具，不是同一把）Thafs thethesame...as和the thesame...as指同类事物same toolthatIused lastweek.same...that thesame...that指原物那就是我上周用过的工具即时跟踪用适当的关系词填空
21.We havefound suchmaterials asare usedin theircompany.
2.——Where didyou seeher forthe firsttime一It wasin thefactory wherewe worked.
3.The boyin plainclothes,who waswonderfully calmin faceof danger,was justsixteen yearsold.
4.This isthe reason why sheleft here.
5.Tom wasa famousdoctor,with whosehelp theysucceeded in the operation..在空白处填入个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式I1（•
1.Many young people,most ofwhom werewell-educated,headed forremote regionsto chasetheir dreams.2016江苏）（•天津）
2.We willput offthe picnicinthepark untilnext week,when theweather maybe better.
20163.I madefriends withthe natives,and theirreaction amazedme.They gaveme presentsof theirfavoriteartworks whichthey hadrefused tosell totourists.（2016・才斤江）
4.One importantbiological factorthat helpswomen livelonger isthe differencein hormonesbetween menand（•四川）women.2016（）
5.I livenext doorto acouple whosechildren oftenmake alot ofnoise.2016-4L^（）（•全国）
6.A fewhours before,Id beenat homein HongKong,with itsit chokingsmog.2015I（）
7.As naturalnature architects,the PuebloIndians figuredout exactlyhow thickthe adobewalls neededto be（•全国）to makethe cyclework onmost days.2015II（•月匕京）
8.Opposite isSt.PauFs Church,where youcan hearsome lovelymusic.2015（•四川）
9.The bookson thedesk,whose coversare shiny,are prizesfor us.
201510.It isa trulydelightful place,which looksthesame as itmust havedone100years agowith itswinding streets（•:胡南）and prettycottages.2015（•新课标全国）
11.Maybe youhave ahabit that/which isdriving yourfamily crazy.2014I（）
12.While thereare amazingamaze storiesof instanttransformation,for mostof us the changesare gradualand（•新课标全国）require alot ofeffort andwork.2014I（）
13.Amie Salmon,disabled,is attendedthroughout herschool daysby anurse appointedappoint toguard her.（浙江）2014♦II.单句改错（每小题仅有1处错误）what、
1.Thedishes（hat/which【c°°ked wereMomsfavorite16•四川，短文改错）until8oclock atnight.（2013♦anything
2.I wantedto dospecial forhim athis retirementparty.（2015•陕西,短文改错somethingthat
3.Having teainthelate afternoonprovides abridge betweenlunch anddinner,might notbe servedwhich新课标全国短文改错）II,写作专题，写一篇有关尴尬时刻的叙事短文基础点拨【文体指导】本单元写作要求是写一篇有关尴尬时刻的叙事短文该类写作通常只需包含“谁？干了什么事？结果如何？”等，然后再谈谈本人对此次经历的看法及感受或是从这次经历中得出了什么经验教训注意叙事常采用二段或三段式，叙事时态多用一般过去时，看法和感受多用一般现在时；人称多以第一和第
1.三人称为主；其次还要注意叙事的过渡衔接性，常见的衔接词如等
2.just then,after that,when,as soonas【常用句式】每个人一生中都会有尴尬的时刻
1.Everyone couldhave embarrassing moments inhis life..两年前我经历了一次尴尬时刻
2.I experiencedan embarrassingmoment twoyears ago
3.A funnything happenedto me.一件有趣的事情发生在我身边
4.How embarrassedI feltthen!当时我感觉很尴尬！这是我永远不会忘记的尴尬时刻
5.This ismy embarrassingmoment whichI willnever forget.、佳作构建【写作任务】在现实生活中，人人都会遇到令人尴尬的事请根据下列内容提示写一篇英语短文，介绍自己所遇到的尴尬事上个月的一节英语课上，班主任告诉我们，英语老师的腿受了伤，让我们上自习我拿出随身听开始听音乐因为害怕被老师抓住，所以就小声对同桌说老师进来时一定要告诉我这时所有的同学都看着我原来随身听的声音太大，我没有意识到自己说话的声音实际上很大真是尴尬极了！注意词数左右100【审题谋篇】第一步明确要求本文是写一次尴尬事件因为是叙述自己在过去经历的事，应该用第一人称,时态用一般过去时第二步确定段落Para.l总述尴尬时刻是每个人都会遇到的；Para.2着重叙述自己经历的尴尬事件第三步词汇热身令人尴尬的时刻
1.embarrassingmoments受伤
2.be injured/hurt自习课
3.a self-study class被老师抓住
4.be caught by the teacher盯着5,stare at第四步句式升级班主任告诉我们，英语老师王老师的腿受了伤，不能来上课了，让我们上自习
1.（一般表达）Our head teacher came to tell us that our English teacher Miss Wang was injured in her legandcouldnt come to class.So wedhave aself-study class.（句式升级）」Our headteacher cameto tellus ohave aself-study classbecause ourEnglish teacherMiss Wangwas（短语）injured inher legand couldntcome toclass.tell因为害怕被老师抓住，所以我就小声对同桌说老师进来时一定要告诉我
2.（一般表达）1didnt wantto becaught by the teacher,so I said in a low voice to my deskmate,u When the teachercomesin,please warnme.”（句式升级）Afhiid ofbeing caughtby theteacher,Isaid ina lowvoice to my deskmate,“When theteacher comes（形容词作状语）in,please warnme.【连句成篇】Everyone couldhave embarrassingmoments inhis life.Some areunbearable,some areextremely amusingand somearebeyond imagination.Well,T hadone ofthose lastmonth.It wasEnglish class,but ourheadteachercameto tellusthatourEnglishteacherMissWangwasinjuredinherlegand couldntcometoclass.So wedhaveaself-study class.Taking outmy Walkman,T beganto enjoymusic.I didntwantto becaughtbytheteacher,so Isaidinalowvoiceto mydeskmate,“Whentheteacher comesin,please warnme,for Idontwant theteacher tocatch melistening tomusic.Just then,all myclassmates turnedround andstared atme.WhyOh,I hadthought Iwas murmuring,but infact Iwas shoutingbecause theWalkman wastoo noisy!How embarrassedIfelt then!课时精练拓展提升I.单元语法）完成句子A（女学生）（女医生）
1.Some girlstudents inour classhope to be womendoctors inthe future.（非常容易读的东西）,
2.Yesterday sheasked meif therewas somethingeasy enoughSo readbut Ihappened tolendit tosomeone else.（美丽的西班牙小女孩）
3.This prettylittle Spanishgirl isLindats niece.（将要举行的）
4.The meetingto beheld tomorrowis saidto bevery important.（挂在我的卧室里的）
5..The picturehanging inmy bedroomis drawnby myselflast year.）用适当的关系词填空B
6.Fd like to knowthe reasonwhy youreso late.
7.Jack willnever forgetthe yearwhen hestudied inJapan.
8.The boywhose motherisateacher studiesvery hard.
9.The newMP4that/which wassent tome bymy auntis betterthan myold one.
10.The meetingwas putoff,which wasexactly whatwe expected.II.阅读理解Nowadays,people in China areincreasingly interestedin celebrating foreign festivals,especially thosewesternfestivals.A surveyconducted recentlyby showedthat among the18,222people surveyed
63.90%said celebratingChristmasis justanother wayof enjoyinglife,while
17.85%surveyed consideredthe festivalasafashion act,showing theywere notout”.These twoparts clearlyexpress thegeneral opinionof theyoung.
10.45%people involvedsaid thecelebration ofareligious westernfestival withso muchenthusiasm isabsolutely unbelievableadmire of foreign goodness.Only
7.80%of（殖民）.people consideredChristmas asa kindof festivalcolonizationThe arisingof celebrating foreign festivalsclearly hassomething to do withthe advancementof Chinaseconomy.Inmy pointof view,Christmas andother festivalscelebrated in China havedifference fromthe original.They have lost theirreligious background and turned into a big occasion tohave funand enjoylife.Shop owners1pockets arefilled,thepublics hungerfor happinessis filled,and thatis enough.Foreign festivalsinChinaare morelike carnivalsgiving peoplepleasureand enjoyment.The crisisof traditionalChinese festivalsthat arelosing their attraction maybe linkedto theculture traditionandbackground of the festivals.Most Chinesefestival cultureis relatedmore orless toreal life.6€The countryis basedon itspeoplewhile thepeople arerelied ontheir fdod.”But the western cultureshows muchof romance.Some festivalshave their religious backgroundwhile othershavemuch to do withculture andpeople.At thispoint,food seemsto betoo ordinary.Flowers andchocolates aremorewelcomed.Foreign festivalsinChinaare celebratedfor fun.They givepeople opportunitiesto relaxand celebrate,to showappreciationand gratefulness.The acceptanceofforeign festivals generallydepends onthe opennessof thepublic,thefamiliarity withthewestern culture,and mostimportantly,on peopleseconomic situation.
11.From thesurvey weknow thatamongthepeople surveyed.A.many peopleare womedthat traditionalChinese festivalswill disappearsoonB-most thinklittle ofcelebratingforeign festivalsC.half thinkcelebratingforeign festivals makespeople notgo out of fashionD.some thinkit asign ofbeing afterforeign goodnessto celebrateforeignfestivals答案D解析细节理解题根据第二段倒数第二句
10.45%people involvedsaid thecelebration ofa religious western可次□有的人认为festival withso muchenthusiasm isabsolutely unbelievableadmire offoreign goodness.”
10.45%庆祝外国节日是追求国外美德的标志故选D
12.The writerthinks thatforeignfestivalscelebrated inChina.A.are thesameasthose celebratedintheWestB.have lost theirreligiousbackgroundC.can givemore funthan traditionalChinese festivalsD.may reducethe hungerof publicpeople答案B解析细节理解题根据第三段第三句They havelosttheirreligiousbackgroundandturnedintoabigoccasionto可知作者认为那些在中国庆祝的外国节日已经失去了原来的宗教背景故选have funand enjoyliffe.”Bo
13.What isthe maindifference betweenforeignfestivalsand traditionalChinese onesA.Traditional Chinese festivals paymore attentionto culturetradition.B.Foreign festivalsattach moreimportance to food thanChinese ones.C.Foreign festivalsare romanticwhile traditionalChinese ones are connectedwith reality.D.Chinesefestivalshavelosttheirattractionwhile foreignonesarein fashion.答案C解析细节理解题根据第五段首句.”可知外国节日更注重“But thewestern cultureshows muchof romance浪漫根据第四段第二句可知中国的传统节日则Most Chinesefestival cultureis relatedmore orless toreal life.”更注重现实故选C
14.Which of the followingmay NOTbe thereasonwhyso manypeople acceptforeign festivalsA.People canrelax themselves.B・People canshow theirthanks toothers.C-People haveknown moreaboutthewesternculture.D.Foreign festivalscan makeshop ownerspockets filled.答案D解析细节理解题根据短文最后一段描述可知，中国人庆祝外国节日大多是为了取乐这些节日给了人们更多的机会来放松，表达自己的欣赏与感激对于外国节日的接受主要取决于公众的开放性，对西方文化的熟悉最重要的是，取决于人们的经济状况由此可见，选项、、是人们接受外国节日的原因文中没有A BC关于选项的描述，故选D DB地方When inIreland,do asthe Irishdo.And whenit comestofoodand drink,be sureto trythese localspecialities特色菜.lBaked Ham香，Definitely nota poor-mans dish,the traditionalIrish hamwas coatedwith sugar,dressed withclovesT thenbakeduntil crispontheoutside,tender onthe inside.Generally it is servedwith boiledcabbage andcooked orfriedpotatoes.lt isnot everydayfood,even forthe well-to-do,but bargainscan behad atsome pubrestaurants.2Smoked SalmonThemost popularway toenjoy salmon is smoked,either on,bread withegg,or simplyon itsown with a saladon theside.Farmed salmoncan berather ordinary；the flavorof wildsalmon tendto bebetter.Unfortunately the price of wildsalmon tendstobesignificantly higheras well.3Dublin CoddleDubliners often eat this on Saturday nights before they go out.lt isa goodbasic dishmade ofchopped sausageandbacon cookedwith onionsand potatoesin beefstock.lt isalso easyto makein quantity,and can be reheatedthe nextday.4Soup of the DayAdvertisednearly everywhere,it is usually servedwith breadand butter,and isa verygood valuefor alunchtimesnack.ln atypical Irishway thequestion,“What isthe soupofthe day»will,nine timesoutoften,be answeredwitha家常菜shrug and the word,“VegetableTPot luckistheorder ofthe day.
15.Which ofthe followingis usuallycooked andeaten onweekendsA.Baked Ham.B.Smoked Salmon.C.Dublin Coddle.D.Soup ofthe Day.答案C解析细节理解题根据第三道莱首句可知正DublinersofteneatthisonSaturdaynightsbeforetheygoout.确答案为Co
16.The underlinedphrase inthe lastparagraph probablymeansA.scarcely B.usuallyC.fortunately D.unluckily答案B解析词义猜测题根据最后一句家常菜可知，家常菜自然是“经常、频Pot luckistheorder oftheday.”繁“食用的故选B
17.All ofthe followingare trueEXCEPT that_.A.Baked Hamisusuallyeaten bythe richB-Soup ofthe Dayisthemost commondish ofthe fourC.thepriceofwildsalmonismuch lowerthan thatof farmedsalmonD.Dublin Coddlecanbecooked inquantity答案C解析细节理解题根据第二道菜可知，野生的鞋鱼比养殖的价格要高得多，故项错误C
18.The purposeof thispassage is.A.to tellus howIrish peopleliveB,to tellus howto cookIrish foodC.to tellus thecharacteristics ofsome IrishfoodsD.to tellus aboutthe currentliving conditionsoftheIrish答案C解析写作意图题根据文章的首段可知，项为正确答案C.语法填空mOn adiet Thenconsider sittingbythewindow thenext timeyou eatout.The researchersmeasured and
19.mappedmap thedesign ofeach restaurantand thenused mealchecks
20.totracktrack whatdiners orderedand howit relatedto
21.where theysat.The resultswere tellingpeoplepeople sitting
22.farthest/furthestfar fromthe frontdoor atethe fewestsaladsand were73percent morelikely toorder desserts.Those
23.seatedseat ata darktable ateheavier foodand orderedmoreof it,while dinerssitting at
24.a high-top bartable orderedmore saladsand fewerdesserts.The darkerit is,the moreinvisible“you mightfeeL theless easy
25.itistoseehow muchyoure eatingandthelessguilty youmight feel.Seeing thesunlight,
26.passerszbypasser-by ortrees outsidemight makeyou moreaware
27.ofhow youlook,might makeyou thinkabout walkingor mightinspire youto choosea greensalad.The researchersalso notedthat slimdiners chewedaround15times permouthful,three chewsmore thanheavierdiners.By
28.eatingeat moreslowly,the dinerspends lesstime ittakes forthe brainto feelfull.W.短文改错Last night,I gotomyfriends birthdayparty.I madesome newfriend and we talked happily.One newfriend showedusthe pictures ofthe places he had been visited.We extremeadmired him because allof themwere alsoeager totravel todifferent places.However,we havent taken action for varietyreasons tillnow.He told us wehad somuch energysee theworld.We shouldcarry outour travelplan oncewe havean idea.What hetold usis right,and most youngpeople haventrealized this.We shoulddo whatwe wanttodoinstead ofwaste ouryouth.go friendLastnight,tomyfriends birthdayparty.I madesome newandwetalkedhappily.One newwentfriends答案extremefriend showedusthepicturesoftheplaceshehadbeenvisited.We]y admiredhimbecauseall ofextremethemi i.variety-------were alsoeager totravel todifferentplaces.However,we haventtakenactionfor—~reasons tillusr various匕now.He tolduswehad somuch energy:see theworld.We shouldcarry outour travelplan oncewe haveandidea.What hetoldusis right,mostyoungpeoplehaventrealized this.We shoulddo whatwe wanttodo.,八wasteour youth.instead or---------wastingV.书面表达假定你是李华，几天前你遇到了一件非常尴尬而又巧合的事情，请给你的笔友彼得发一封电子邮件,告诉他那天发生的事情，主要内容如下在上学路上误以为走在前面的人是同学李明；I..跟他打招呼发现认错人了；2走进教室发现他坐在你旁边的座位上；
3.经过老师的介绍，得知他是班里来的新同学；
4.询问彼得是否也曾遇到过类似的情况
5.注意,词数左右；I100开头和结尾已写好，不计入总词数；
6.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯
7.Dear Peter,Id liketotell youYours,【参考范文】Li Hua】，Dear PeteFdliketotellyouabout anincident thathappened theother day.When1was onmy wayto school,I sawa boyin frontof mewho lookedlike myclassmate LiMing.So Iwalkedquickly towardshim andcalled hisname,but hedidnt answer.Then Ipulled hisarm.When heturned around,I feltquiteembarrassed.lt wasnot LiMing.Afterwards,I arrivedat schooland enteredmy classroom.To myastonishment,the boyImet onthe waywas sittingontheseat besideme.After myteachers introduction,it turnedout thathe wasmy newclassmate.How interestingit was!Have youever experiencedsomething likethat Wouldyou liketo shareit withmeYours,Li Hua。
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