北京市朝阳区高三英语下学期质量检测一试题（含解析）

北京市朝阳区届高三英语下学期质量检测一试题（含解析）2021（考试时间90分钟满分100分）本试卷共10页考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节完形填空（共10小题；每小题

1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑Take anOptionJerry was a naturalmotivator.He was always in a goodmood and always hadsomething1to say,whichreally mademe curious.One dayI wentup to ask himhow hedid that.Well,life is all about

2.It syour option how youlive yourlife,“Jerry replied.Soon Imoved toanother city.Several monthslater,I heardthat Jerrywas seriouslyinjured in thechest whileskiing.3,he was found quicklyand rushedto thehospital.After8hours ofsurgery andweeksof intensive care,he was4from thehospital.Later,when wemet again,I askedJerry whathad5his mindduring theaccident.As Ilay in the snow,I knewI hadtwo options:One was to live,the otherwas todie.I choseto live,“Jerry said.The paramedics（急救人员）were great.They kepttelling meI wasgoing to be fine.But when they6me into the emergencyroomand Isaw theexpressions on the facesof thedoctors,I gotreally7,In theireyes,I read,Hes a dead man.I knewIneeded to take action.I toldthem,Operate onme asif Im alive,not dead.’You see,I justtried to8their confidence.Finally Jerrylived thanks to theskill ofhis doctors,but also because ofhis amazing9to live.Jerry hastaught mea lot.I learnfrom himthat everyday wehave thechoice to live fully.Your10,after all,is everything.

1.A.regular B.familiar C.positive D.typical

2.A.choices B.trends C.relations D.secrets

3.A.Normally B.Obviously C.Hopefully D.Luckily

4.A.preserved B.released C.distinguished D.abandoned

5.A.gone throughB.put upC.turned inD.called for

6.A.forced B.followed C.wheeled D.remendedcThe LandUnder theSeaTen thousandyears ago,as the last iceage ended,sea levelsaround the world werefar lowerthanthey aretoday.Much of the landunder boththe NorthSea to the eastof Britain and theEnglish Channelwhichnow separatesFrance andBritain waspart ofa hugeregion offorests andgrassy plains.Then theclimategradually becamewarmer and the watertrapped inlarge massesof icewas released.Now thedevelopment ofadvanced sonar（声纳）technology,known asbathymetry,is makingit possibletostudy thisflooded landscapein extraordinarydetail.A specialecho（回声）sounder isfixed to thebottom ofa surveyship and it makeswide sweepsacross the seabed.While previoustechnology hasonlybeen able to producetwodimensional images,bathymetry cannow useputers,satellitepositioning equipmentand special software to createaccurate andremarkably detailedmaps.For thefirst time,an ancientriverbedjumps out of thethreedimensional image.The siteof prehistoricsettlements cannow bepinpointed.According toexpert LindaAndrews,this technologicaldevelopment isof hugesignificance.“We nowhave the abilityto mapthe seabedas accuratelyas we can mapdry land,“she says.Once bathymetrictechniques haveidentified siteswhere peoplemight havebuilt theirhomes andvillages,divers can be sentdown to investigate further.Robot submarines（潜艇）can also be used,and researchershopethey willfind stonetools andwood fromhouses asproof ofhuman activity.The ideashared bymanypeople in Britain of their country as a natural islandkingdom will be challengedby thefindings:Britainhas beeninhabited for about500,000years andmuch ofthis timeit hasbeen linkedon andoff tocontinentalEurope.It remainsto beseen howfar thisnew awarenessis takenon board,however.In fact,the use of bathymetrywill notbe limited to thestudy oflost landscapes and ancientsettlements.It will also bevital infinding shipsthat have been destroyedin accidents.In addition,mercialapplications area realpossibility.Aggregates（骨，材）for theconstruction industryare beingincreasinglyexpensive,and bathymetry can beused toidentify suitablesites fordigging forthis material.Mappingthe seabedwillalsoidentify placeswhere rareplants and shellfish areliving.Digging atsuch sitesshouldbe prevented,either towork for a profitor to make deeper waterways formassive containerships.

27.How doesbathymetry workA.It has an echosounder placedon theseabed.B.It makesuseofa numberof differentdevices.C.It producestwodimensional imagesof thesea floor.D.It basesits calculationsonthelocation ofconstruction sites

28.What doesthe underlinedword“pinpointed“in Paragraph2probably meanA.Occupied.B.Adjusted.C.Rebuilt.D.Discovered.

29.The authorbelieves a better understandingof thesettlements ontheseabedmay.A.attract investmentin theresearch underthe seaB.inspire people to takean interestin moderntechnologyC.adapt theattitudes of the Britishto theircountry,s historyD.receive confirmationof rebuildingancient manmadeobjects

30.We canlearn that the useof bathymetrywill helpto.A.identify newspecies ofplants andanimalsB.provide theprecise locationof sunkenshipsC.evaluate thecost ofseeking certainresourcesD.promote thedevelopment ofdeeperwaterways【答案】

27.B

28.D

29.C

30.B【解析】这是一篇说明文文章对先进的声纳技术，也就是水深测量技术的发展和用途进行了详细介绍[27题详解】细节理解题根据第二段第三句While previoustechnology hasonly beenabletoproduce twodimensionalimages,bathymetrycannow useputers,satellitepositioning equipmentandspecialsoftwaretocreateaccurate andremarkably detailedmaps.（虽然以前的技术只能生成二维图像，但水深测量技术现在可以使用计算机、卫星定位设备和特殊软件来绘制精确而详细的地图）可知，水深测量技术使用了许多不同的设备来工作故选B[28题详解】词义猜测题根据第二段倒第二句For thefirst time,an ancientriverbed jumpsoutof the threedimensionalimage.（第一次，一个古老的河床从三维图像中跳出来）可知，史前定居点现在能够被发现了所以pinpoint的意思是“发现，与discover同义故选D【29题详解】细节理解题根据第四段第三句The ideashared bymany peopleinBritainof theircountryasanaturalislandkingdom willbe challengedby thefindings（许多英国人认为他们的国家是一个天然岛屿王国的想法将受到调查结果的挑战）可知，作者相信，对海底定居点的更好理解可能会改变英国人对本国历史的态度故选C【30题详解】细节理解题根据最后一段第二句It wi11alsobevital infinding shipsthat have been destroyedinaccidents.（它对于寻找在事故中被摧毁的船只也至关重要）可知，使用水深测量将有助于提供沉船的精确位置故选BDLessons in the LostArt ofListeningWhen wasthe lasttime youlistened tosomeone Andwhen wasthe lasttime someonereally listenedto you Ionce askedpeople whatit meantto bea goodlistener.The typicalresponse wasa blankstare.Of course,technology playsa role.People findphone callsinterrupting them,preferring textorwordless emoji.Besides,schools andcolleges rarelyoffer classesor activitiesthat teachcareful listening.You canjoin clubsto perfect your publicspeaking,but whoattempts toachieve excellencein listeningTheloud unpleasantmixture ofsounds ofmodern lifealso stopsus fromlistening.Generally,listening goesbeyond simplyhearing whatpeople say.It alsoinvolves payingattentionto how they sayit andwhat theydo whilethey aresaying it,in whatcontext,and howwhat they say isrelatedto you.It snot aboutmerely holdingyour peacewhile someoneelse holdsforth.Quite theopposite.A lot of listeninghas todo withhow yourespond—the degreeto whichyou facilitatethe clear expressionof anotherperson,s thoughts and,in theprocess,have aclear mindof yourown.Good listenersask goodquestions.They engagein exploringthe topic,not todivert attention.Thereare curiousquestions like“Wouldn tyou agree・・・”or Don tyouthink・・・”These questionshave strongtendencies.They willgreatly influencethe otherperson to change hisor herview.And youd betterstayaway fromsome personalquestions like“What do you doforaliving”or“What part of towndoyoulivein”Just tryto findout whatexcites people.Ask about thelastmovie theysaw orfor thestory behindapiece ofjewelry theyre wearing.Also goodare expansivequestions,such as,“If youcould spendamonth,where wouldyou go”Research indicatesthat whenpeople whodon tknow eachother wellask eachotherthis typeof question,they feelmore connectedthan ifthey spendtime togetherachieving atask.Because ourbrain canthink a lot fasterthan peoplecan talk,be carefulwith thetendency to takemental sidetrips whenyou arelistening.Smart peoples attentionis easilytaken awayby their own runawaythoughts.They mayalso assumethey alreadyknow what the otherperson is going tosay.The rewardof goodlistening willcertainly bemore interestingconversations.Researchers havefoundthat attentive listeners receive more information from speakers,even whenthey dont ask any questions.We are,each ofus,the sumof whatwe attendtoinlife.The gentlevoice ofa motherand thecriticismof aboss bothultimately formand shapeus.And tolisten poorly,selectively ornot atall limitsyourunderstanding of the worldand preventsyou frombeing the best youcan be.

31.One of the factorsthat influencelistening is that.A.our confidencein listeningis decreasingB.our speechcreates alotofnoise aroundus C.listeningskills areseldom taughtin schoolD.texting causesabettereffect thanphone calls

32.What doesParagraph3mainly talkaboutA.Why theart of listening getslost byitself.B.Why effectivemethods areused inlistening.C.How peoplemake themselveswell understood.D.How peoplecan reclaimthe lostartoflistening.

33.According to the author,what shouldpeople dowhenthey are listeningA.Avoid beingabsentminded.B.e upwith curiousquestions.C.Focus onthe speakerspersonal information.D.Try to find moninterests withthe speaker.

34.What can be inferredfrom the passageA.Listening and speaking deserveequal attention.B.Good listenersmaximize thebenefits for themselves.C.Bad listeningultimately contributesto peoples failure.D.Listeners clear mind facilitatesspeakers expressionof thoughts.【答案】

31.C

32.D

33.A

34.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文文章主要介绍了失落的倾听艺术，分析了导致倾听艺术遗失的一些因素、好的倾听者所具有的一些特点和倾听所带来的潜在好处【31题详解】细节理解题根据第二段中“Besides,schools andcolleges rarelyoffer classesor activitiesthat teachcarefullistening.（此外，学校和大学很少开设教导认真聆听的课程或活动）”可知，影响聆听的因素之一是学校很少教授聆听技巧故选C[32题详解】主旨大意题根据第三段Generally,listening goesbeyond simplyhearing whatpeople say.It alsoinvolvespaying attention to howthey sayit andwhat theydo whilethey aresaying it,in whatcontext,and howwhattheysayis relatedtoyou.It snot aboutmerely holdingyour peacewhile someoneelse holdsforth.Quite theopposite.A lotoflisteninghas todo withhow yourespond一the degreeto whichyou facilitatetheclearexpressionof anotherperson sthoughtsand,in theprocess,have aclearmindof yourown.（一般来说，倾听不仅仅是听别人说什么这还涉及到注意他们是如何说的、他们说的时候做了什么、在什么语境下以及他们说的话与你有什么关系这不仅仅是在别人滔滔不绝的时候保持沉默恰恰相反大量的倾听与你如何回应有关一一你在多大程度上促进了他人思想的清晰表达，在这个过程中，你有一个清晰的自己的头脑）”可知，第三段主要讲了人们如何重新找回失传的倾听艺术故选D33题详解】细节理解题根据倒数第二段uBecause ourbrain canthink alot fasterthan peoplecan talk,be carefulwiththe tendencytotakemental sidetrips whenyou arelistening.Smart peoples attentionis easilytakenaway bytheir ownrunaway thoughts.They mayalso assumethey alreadyknow whatthe otherperson is goingto say.（因为我们的大脑思考的速度要比人们说话的速度快得多,所以当你在听的时候，要小心不要走神聪明人的注意力很容易被自己失控的想法带走他们也可能认为自己已经知道对方要说什么）”可知，作者认为人们在倾听的时候应该避免心不在焉故选A[34题详解】推理判断题根据最后一段中“The rewardof goodlistening willcertainly bemore interestingconversations.Researchers havefound thatattentivelistenersreceivemoreinformationfromspeakers,even whenthey dontaskanyquestions.（善于倾听的回报肯定会是更有趣的对话研究人员发现，细心的听众会从说话者那里获得更多信息，即使他们没有问任何问题）以及And tolisten poorly,selectively ornot atall limitsyourunderstanding of the worldand preventsyou frombeing the best youcan be.（而不善倾听、有选择地倾听或根本不倾听，会限制你对世界的理解，阻碍你成为最好的自己）”可推知，优秀的听众为自己争取到了利益的最大化故选B第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项选项中有两项为多余选项Blind OlympicAthletes Showthe UniversalNatureTune intoany sportscoverage onTV,and youwill seemany athletesproudly raisetheir arms and headsinvictory,while a much largernumber hangtheir shouldersand necksin defeat.Studies haverevealed why一they areuniversal behaviours,performed byhumans inresponse tosuccess andfailure.The discoverycame fromJessica Tracyfrom theUniversity ofBritish Columbiaand David Matsumoto fromSanFrancisco StateUniversity,who wantedto seehow peopleshowed feelingsof pride and shame.35Theytried tofind alarge groupof people,and itwas criticallyimportant thatsome of these subjectshad neverseen other peoplereacting tosuccess orfailure before.The answerwas Athens,during the2004Olympic Games.Its sisterpetition一theParalympics一included manyathletes whowere bornblind.36Working with a professionalphotographer,Tracyand Matsumoto pared the body language of108petitors,41of whomhad losttheir sight,and12of whomwereblind from birth.The photographerrepeatedly tookpictures of these athletes after their petitions,andthe researchers carefully recorded the positionsof theirheads,arms andbodies.37The winnerstiltedtheir heads up,smiled,lifted theirarms andpuffed out their chests,while shouldersbent forwardandnarrowed chests were the marks of losers.38Men andwomen whohave neverseenother people behave in these ways still make exactly the samemovements.And whileit spossible thatparents may have taught their blind children some of these actions,it svery unlikelythat they could havetaught themall一particularly theexpansion ornarrowing of thechest.These actionswere alsoremarkably consistentbetween contestantsfrom everypart of the world.Tracy andMatsumoto arguethat pride and shamedeserve aplace alongsideother primaryemotions likehappiness,fear andsurprise.39A.They areinborn behavioursand areacpanied bytheir owndistinct setsof actions.B.In fact,the culturewasfoundto have only avery smalleffect ontheir bodylanguage.C.Therefore,theycouldnot havewitnessed howotherpeoplereacted towinning andlosing.D・The resultsuggested that the athleteswere showingtheir pridebased oncareful observation.E.The athletesbehaviours givestrong evidencethat theyhave hadthe actionsnaturally sincebirth.F.Analyzing thedata,they foundthatthesighted andsightless athletesbehaved in almost exactlythesame ways.G.In particular,they wantedto knowwhether theseexpressions wereculturally determinedand learnedthroughobservation.【答案】

35.G

36.C

37.F

38.E

39.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文文章主要介绍了一项研究发现人们对成功和失败的反应是天生的，介绍了这一研究开展的过程以及研究发现【35题详解】根据上文“The discoverycame fromJessica Tracyfrom theUniversity ofBritish Columbiaand David Matsumotofrom SanFrancisco StateUniversity,who wantedto seehow peopleshowed feelingsof pride and shame.（这一发现来自英属哥伦比亚大学的Jessica Tracy和旧金山州立大学的David Matsumoto,他们想知道人们是如何表达自豪和羞愧的）”可知，上文提到Jessica Tracy和DavidMatsumoto想知道人们是如何表达自豪和羞愧的，本句应承接上文进一步说明他们想法，G选项中They指代上文中Jessica Tracy和DavidMatsumoto0故G选项“他们尤其想知道这些表达方式是否是文化决定的，是否是通过观察习得的”符合语境，故选G【36题详解】根据上文“Its sisterpetition——the Paralympics—included manyathletes whowere bornblind.（它的姊妹比赛一一残奥会一一包括许多天生失明的运动员）”可知，上文提到残奥会包括许多眼睛看不见的运动员，故本句与上文构成因果关系，表示这些人无法目睹其他人对胜利和失败的反应，C选项中they指代上文manyathletes whowere bornblindo故C选项“因此，他们无法目睹其他人对胜利和失败的反应”符合语境，故选C[37题详解】根据上文“Working witha professionalphotographer,Tracy andMatsumotoparedthebodylanguageof108petitors,41of whomhad losttheir sight,and12of whomwere blindfrombirth.The photographerrepeatedlytook pictures oftheseathletesaftertheirpetitions,andtheresearcherscarefullyrecordedthepositionsof theirheads,arms andbodies.（在一位专业摄影师的帮助下，Tracy和Matsumoto比较了108名参赛者的肢体语言，其中41人后天失明，12人从出生就失明摄影师在运动员比赛结束后反复拍照，研究人员仔细记录他们头部、手臂和身体的姿势）”以及后文“The winnerstilted theirheads up,smiled,lifted theirarmsand puffed outtheir chests,while shouldersbent forwardand narrowedchests werethe marksof losers.（获胜者仰起头、微笑、举起双臂、挺起胸膛，而失败者的标志是肩膀前倾、胸膛狭窄）”可知，上文提到Tracy和Matsumoto在对比运动员的姿势,后文则提到了一些获胜者和失败者所共有的肢体动作，可推测他们发现有视力和失明的运动员的行为方式几乎完全相同，故F选项“通过分析数据，他们发现有视力和失明的运动员的行为方式几乎完全相同”符合语境，故选F【38题详解】根据上——段中“The winnerstilted theirheadsup,smiled,lifted theirarmsandpuffedouttheirchests,while shouldersbent forwardand narrowedchestswerethemarksoflosers.（获月生者彳卬起头、微笑、举起双臂、挺起胸膛，而失败者的标志是肩膀前倾、胸膛狭窄）”以及后文“Men andwomen whohave neverseenother peoplebehavein thesewaysstillmakeexactlythesame movements.And whileit spossible thatparentsmay havetaughttheirblindchildrensome oftheseactions,it svery unlikelythat theycould havetaughtthem all一particularly theexpansion ornarrowing ofthe chest.（从来没有见过别人有这种行为的男人和女人仍然做出完全相同的动作虽然父母可能教过他们的盲童一些这些动作，但他们不太可能教过他们一一尤其是胸部的扩张或缩小）”可知，上一段对比的结果是有视力和失明的运动员行为方式几乎完全相同，都做出了一些共有的动作，后文则提到从来没有见过别人有这种行为的男人和女人仍然做出完全相同的动作，可推测他们的行为证明了这些动作能力是天生就有的故E选项“运动员的行为有力地证明了他们从出生起就具有天生的动作能力”符合语境，故选E[39题详解】根据上文“These actionswere alsoremarkably consistentbetween contestantsfrom everypart ofthe world.Tracy andMatsumoto arguethat prideand shamedeserve aplace alongsideother primaryemotions likehappiness,fear andsurprise.（这些动作在来自世界各地的选手之间也非常一致Tracy和Matsumoto认为，骄傲和羞耻应该和其他基本情感，如快乐、恐惧和惊讶，一起占有一席之地）”可知，来自世界各地的选手动作也一致，说明骄傲和羞耻是天生的行为，A选项中they指代上文中prideandshameo故A选项“它们是天生的行为，伴随着它们自己独特的一系列行为”符合语境，故选A第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题；第40至41题每小题2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答Discovered byAmateursSome astronomersspend theirentire careerslooking fornew discoveriesin space,but alOyearoldCanadian girlfound oneon herfirst try.In January,2011,Kathryn Gray,who oftenstudied stars,was lookingatrecent pictures of outer space andparing themto picturestaken years earlier.The pictureswere justthousandsof tinyspots oflight,but Grayspotted astar thatlooked differentin therecent pictures.Could itpossibly bea supernova（超新星）？Usually a supernova isbrighter,anditbees visiblethrougha telescopedue to the brightness.Later Grays discovery was confirmed,andshebecame the youngest personto discover asupernova.Throughout history,important discoveriesin astronomyhavebeenmade byamateurs.An earlyexampleis WilliamHerschel,who discoveredUranus in

1781.Uranus hadbeen observedbefore,but expertastronomersthought itdidn tbelong toour solarsystem.When Herschelsaw itwithatelescope hehad designedandbuilt himself,he realizedthat itwas orbitingthe sun.This meantthat Uranuswasa planet.And so,themap ofour nightsky waschanged forever.Then in1930,a majordiscoverywasmade bya24yearold man,a farmersson,with nocollege educationorformal trainingin astronomy.Clyde Tombaughhad builta homemadetelescope usinginstructions fromanarticle ina boys magazine.He usedto drawdetailed picturesofthesurfaces ofMars andJupiter.Hesent the pictures to Dr.V.M.Slipher atthe Lowe11Observatory,who wasso impressedand offeredhim ajobon histeam.Within ayear,Tombaugh discovereda ninthplanet,Pluto.It wasregarded asaplanetfor76years,but scientistsdecided in2006that Plutodidn tmeet all ofthecriteria fora trueplanet.It wasthen consideredto bea dwarfplanet.John Dobsonis anotherinfluential amateur astronomer becausehe enabledso many others totake upastronomy asa hobby.In1956after constantattempts,he builta powerfultelescope outof lowcost materials,such aspaper tubesused inconstruction.With affordabletools likeDobson stelescope,more amateurstodayhave thetechnology thatis neededtomakediscoveries oftheir own.

40.How didKathryn Graydiscover thesupernova

41.Why didClyde Tombaughget a job atthe Lowell Observatory

42.Please decidewhich partis falsein thefollowing statement,then underlineit andexplain why.Thefouramateurastronomerswereallinterestedinastronomyanddidsomeresearch,sotheyfinallymadediscoveries oftheir own.

43.Which ofthe amateur astronomers mentionedin thepassage has impressed youmost Whyabout40words

44.】

40.Kathryn Graydiscovered thesupernova whenshe wasparing recentpicturesof outer spacetothose taken yearsearlier.

41.Clyde Tombaughimpressed Dr.V.M.Slipher withhis picturesofthesurfaces ofMars andJupiter,sohe was offered a job atthe LowellObservatory.

42.Thefouramateurastronomerswereallinterestedinastronomyanddidsomeresearch,sotheyfinally阳.made discoveries of theirAccording tothepassage,not everyamateurastronomermade a discovery althoughthey were all astronomyhobbyists.

43.1Kathryn Gray,the youngestperson todiscover asupernova,has impressed me most.Although she wasyoung,she hadher ownhobby anddevoted hertime to it.It sthe keyto hersuccess.That swhy shehasimpressed me most.2John Dobsonhas impressedme most.He didnt makea discovery,but heprovided thetechnology ofmakingaffordable tools,enabling morepeople totake up astronomy asa hobby.He ismore influentialinasense.So hehas impressedme most.【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文文章介绍了几个业余天文爱好者的发现或发明【40题详解】考查细节理解根据第一段第二句In January,2011,Kathryn Gray,who oftenstudied stars,was lookingatrecent picturesofouterspace andparing themto picturestakenyearsearlier.2011年1月，经常研究恒星的凯瑟琳•格雷正在观察外太空最近的照片，并将它们与多年前拍摄的照片进行比较凯瑟琳•格雷是在比较外太空最近的照片和多年前拍摄的照片时发现的超新星故答案为“Kathryn Graydiscovered thesupernova whenshe wasparing recentpicturesofouterspaceto thosetakenyears earlier.”[41题详解】考查细节理解根据第三段第三句和第四句He usedto drawdetailed picturesofthesurfaces ofMars andJupiter.He sentthepicturestoDr.V.M.Slipher atthe LowellObservatory,who wasso impressedand offeredhimajobon histeam.他曾经画过火星和木星表面的细节图他把照片发给了洛厄尔天文台的V.M.斯莱弗博士，后者对他印象深刻，并邀请他在自己的团队中工作可知，克莱德•汤博画的火星和木星表面的图片给V.M.斯莱弗博士留下了深刻的印象，因此他得到了洛厄尔天文台的

7.A.bored

8.frightened C.confused D.embarrassed

8.A.express B.share C.gain D.inspire

9.A.talent B.achievement C.desire D.evidence

10.A.attitude B.standard C.ability D.control【答案】

1.C

2.A

3.D

4.B

5.A

6.C

7.B

8.D

9.C

10.A【解析】这是一篇记叙文“我”的朋友杰瑞总是很积极乐观，在一次事故中，杰瑞凭借强烈的求生欲望活了下来“我”从杰瑞身上学到一个道理选择和态度决定一切并且恢复了健康【1题详解】考查形容词辨析句意他总是心情很好，总是说一些积极的话，这真的让我很好奇A.regular规律的;B.familiar熟悉的;C.positive积极的;D.typical典型的根据“He wasalways ina goodmood”可知，此处是指总是说一些积极的话故选C【2题详解】考查名词辨析句意生活就是选择A.choices选择；B.trends趋势；C.relations关系；D.secrets秘密根据It syour optionhow youlive yourlife”（如何生活是你自己的选择）可知，此处是指生活就是选择故选A【3题详解】考查副词辨析句意幸运的是，他很快被发现并送往医院A.Normally正常地；B.Obviously明显地；C Hopefully有希望地;D.Luckily幸运地根据hewasfound quicklyand rushedtothehospital”可知，这件事很幸运故选D【4题详解】考查动词辨析句意经过8个小时的手术和数周的精心护理，他出院了A.preserved保存；B.released释放；C.distinguished区分；D.abandoned抛弃根据After8hours ofsurgery andweeks ofintensivecare可知，此处是指他出院了故选B【5题详解】考查动词短语辨析句意后来，当我们再次见面时，我问杰瑞在事故中他是怎么想的A.gone through通过；B.put up张贝占；C.turned in交上；I）,called for要求根据“As Ilay in the snow,I knewI hadtwooptions:One wastolive,the otherwastodie.（当我躺在雪地上时，我知道我有两种选择一种是活下去，另一种是死）可知，此处是指“我”问杰瑞在事故中他是怎么想的故选A【6题详解】考查动词辨析句意但是当他们把我推进急诊室的时候，我看到了医生们脸上的表情，我真的吓坏了一份工作故答案为Clyde Tombaughimpressed Dr.V.M.Slipher withhis picturesofthesurfaces ofMarsand Jupiter,so hewasofferedajobattheLowellObservatory.”[42题详解】考查推理判断根据最后一段前两句John Dobsonis anotherinfluential amateurastronomer becausehe enabledsomanyotherstotake upastronomyasahobby.In1956,after constantattempts,he builta powerfultelescopeout oflowcostmaterials,such aspaper tubesused inconstruction.”（约翰•多布森是另一位有影响力的业余天文学家，因为他使许多人能够把天文学作为一种爱好1956年,在不断的尝试之后，他用低成本的材.料，比如建筑用的纸管，建造了一个功能强大的望远镜）可知，约翰•多布森并没有自己的发现，所以“so theyfinally madediscoveriesoftheir own”是错的，原因是根据文章，并不是每个业余天文学家都有发现，尽管他们都是天文学爱好者故答案为在“so theyfinally madediscoveriesof theirown”处画下戈U线，原因是“Accordingtothepassage,not everyamateurastronomermade adiscoveryalthough theywereallastronomy hobbyists.”[43题详解】考查细节理解如果认为Kathryn Gray最令你印象深刻，则理由在第一段如果认为John Dobson最令你印象深刻，则理由在最后一段其他人也是一样的答题方式所以参考答案为

（1）Kathryn Gray,theyoungestpersontodiscoverasupernova,has impressedme most.Although shewas young,she hadher ownhobby anddevotedher time toit.It sthe keyto hersuccess.That swhy shehasimpressedmemost.或“

（2）John Dobsonhasimpressedmemost.He didnt makeadiscovery,but heprovided thetechnology ofmaking affordabletools,enabling morepeopletotakeupastronomyasahobby.He ismore influentialinasense.So hehasimpressed memost.”第二节（20分）

44.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华你们学校下个月将耍举办主题为“寻找春天，拥抱自然”的踏青骑行活动，请给你校的交换生Jim写一封邮件，邀请他参加此次活动，内容包括

1.活动安排；2,准备事项注意

1.词数100左右；

3.邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数Dear Jim,Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear Jim,How iseverything goingSpring haseandour schoolisgoingto organizea cyclingactivity themed“Greet Spring,Embrace Nature“on April10th.I am writing to invite you to join us.Here issome informationabout theactivity.At8:00am,we willgather atthe schoolgate andthengo tothe famous cycling park in the suburbs.After arrivingthere,we willrent roadbikes andbegin ourcycling along the lOkilometerlong route.After that,we willhave apicnic.It sa good chance to getsome exercise and enjoy the beautiful view in the countryside.Don tforget towear yourhelmet andprotective glovesif youe.You d better bring your lunch packwith you.I hopewe canhave funtogether.If youare interested in it,just letme know.Yours,Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给交换生Jim写封邮件，邀请他参加主题为“寻找春天，拥抱自然”的踏青骑行活动【详解】第一步审题体裁应用文时态根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般将来时，少量现在进行时和现在完成时结构总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容要求1,介绍活动安排；2,介绍准备事项第二步列提纲（重点词组）invite youto joinus;gather atthe schoolgate;rent roadbikes;begin ourcycling;wear yourhelmetand protective gloves;bring yourlunch pack第三步连词成句

1.Spring haseandour schoolisgoingto organizea cyclingactivity themed“Greet Spring,Embrace Nature”on April10th.

1.1amwritingtoinviteyoutojoinus.

3.Here issome informationabouttheactivity.

4.At8:00am,we willgather atthe schoolgate andthen gotothefamouscyclingparkinthesuburbs.

5.After arrivingthere,we willrent roadbikes andbegin ourcycling alongthelOkilometerlongroute.

6.After that,we willhave apicnic.7・It sa goodchance toget some exerciseand enjoythe beautifulview inthe countryside.8・Dontforget towear yourhelmet andprotectiveglovesif youe.

9.You,dbetterbringyourlunchpackwith you.

10.I hopewecanhave funtogether.

11.If youare interested in it,just letme know.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题第四步连句成篇（衔接词）（供参考）

1.表文章结构顺序First ofall,Firstly/First,Secondly/Second---And then,Finally,In theend,At last

2.表并列补充关系:What ismore,Besides,Moreover,Furthermore,In additionAs we11as,not only,but（also）,including

3.表转折对比关系:However,On thecontrary,but,Although+claus系从句）,In spiteof+n/doing,On theonehand---,On theother hand---Some---,while others---,as for,so・・・that・・・

4.表因果关系Because,As,So,Thus,Therefore,As aresult连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰【点睛】[高分句型1]After arrivingthere,we willrent roadbikes andbegin ourcyclingalongthelOkilometerlong route.（动名词作宾语）[高分句型2]It,sagoodchancetogetsomeexerciseandenjoythebeautifulviewinthecountryside,（it作形式主语）A.forced强迫;B.followed跟随；C.wheeled用车推;D.remended推荐根据into theemergency room”可知，此处是指用病床推病人进急诊室故选C【7题详解】考查形容词辨析句意但是当他们把我推进急诊室的时候，我看到了医生们脸上的表情，我真的吓坏了A.bored无聊的;B.frightened害怕的；C.confused困惑的；D.embarrassed尴尬的根据He sadeadman.（他是个死人）可知，当看到了医生们脸上的表情，“我”真的吓坏了故选B【8题详解】考查动词辨析句意我只是想激发他们的信心A.express表达；B.share分享；C.gain获得；D.inspire激发根据Operate onme asif Im alive,not dead.（把我当活人而不是死人来做手术）可知，此处是指激发他们的信心故选D【9题详解】考查名词辨析句意最后，杰瑞活了下来，这要感谢他的医生的医术，但也因为他惊人的求生欲望A.talent天赋；B.achievement成就；C.desire欲望；D.evidence证据根据Operate onme asif Im alive,not dead.（把我当活人而不是死人来做手术）可知，此处是指他的求生欲望故选C【10题详解】考查名词辨析句意毕竟，你的态度决定一切A.attitude态度；B.standard标准；C.ability能力；D.control控制根据“I learnfrom himthat everyday wehavethechoice tolive fully.（我从他那里学到了每一天我们都可以选择活得充实）可知，选择很重要，态度很重要故选A第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题L5分，共15分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空Learner sdictionaries,all inEnglish,are speciallydesigned to help students.11confuses studentsishowtheycanbeeasy touse.Well,the definitionsare simplerthan the words theydescribe一they usehighfrequencywords.Students canalso getgrammatical andusage guidance,opposites,other expressions12（use）thewordand lotsof examples.So youcan seethatthedictionary helpsto increaseyour wordpower,and improvenot onlyyour readingand listening,but alsoyour writingandspeaking.There mayalsobeawide rangeof13（picture）tohelpyou understand.【答案】IL What

12.using

13.pictures【解析】这是一篇说明文所有的英语学习词典都是专门为帮助学生而设计的，文章对这些词典的使用方法进行了介绍【11题详解】考查主语从句句意:让学生们困惑的是如何使它们易于使用主语从句uconfuses studentsv中缺少主语，且是指事物，所以应用what故填what【12题详解】考查现在分词句意学生也可以得到语法和用法指导，反义词，其他表达使用的单词和大量的例子动词use和逻辑主语other expressions构成主动关系，所以应用现在分词作后置定语故填using【13题详解】考查名词复数句意也可能有各种各样的图片来帮助你理解a rangeof后应用可数名词复数故填picturesoB阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空If youhavebeenfishing youknow howhard itis tocatch areally big fish.One reason isthatit isdifficulttofindthe exactposition ofthe fish.The otherreasonisthat bigfish wont justjump intheboat oncethey14locate.Years ago,a mannamed AlfDean15overe bothdifficulties.Dean wentfishing offthe coastof SouthAustralia.He pulledinagreatwhite sharkthat weighed2,664pounds andmeasured oversixteen feetin length.That is16bigfishevercaught bya singleperson.【答案】

14.are located

15.overcame

16.the biggest【解析】这是一篇记叙文抓到一条非常大的鱼是很难的，但是多年前，一个名叫阿尔夫•迪恩的人抓到了迄今为止一个人钓到的最大的鱼【14题详解】考查一般现在时和被动语态句意另一个原因是大鱼一旦被找到不会直接跳上船此处讲述客观事实，应用一般现在时动词locate和主语they构成被动关系故填are locatedo【15题详解】考查一般过去时句意多年前，一个名叫阿尔夫•迪恩人克服了这两个困难根据Yearsago”可知,此处应用一般过去时故填overcame【16题详解】考查形容词最高级句意这是迄今为止一个人钓到的最大的鱼根据ever可知，此处是指迄今为止一个人钓到的最大的鱼，应用形容词最高级故填the biggestoC阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空Many peoplelike travellingabroad.The extramoney17bring incanbeof greatbenefit tothesecountries.However,tourism hasnot beengood newsfortheenvironment.First,transporting millionsoftourists totheir holidaydestinations18pollute theair andthe seas.Secondly,some beautifullandscapesare destroyedforever duetothenewlybuilt hotels.And finally,fresh watersupplies are running low19tourists consumemuch water.To conclude,I thinktourism has alotof negativeconsequences onnature.Ifwe wantour planettobea20health place,we needto travelless.【答案】

17.brought

18.pollutes

19.because

20.healthy【解析】这是一篇议论文虽然出国旅游会给这些国家带来好处，但是也会污染环境，作者认为为了保护环境，我们就需要少旅行【17题详解】考查过去分词句意额外带来的资金可以给这些国家带来巨大的利益动词bring和主语money构成被动关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词作后置定语故填brought【18题详解】考查主谓一致和一般现在时句意首先，将数百万游客运送到度假目的地会污染空气和海洋此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时主语transporting为动名词，第三人称单数故填pollutes【19题详解】考查连词句意最后，由于游客消耗大量的水，淡水供应越来越少tourists consumemuch waterv是“freshwater suppliesarerunninglow”的原因，所以可用because引导原因状语从句故填because【20题详解】考查形容词句意如果我们想让我们的地球成为一个健康的地方，我们就需要少旅行修饰名词place应用形容词故填healthy第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑ASki11share is a videolesson appwhich hasbee highlypopular nowadays.It willlikely appealmoreto older kids（age14+）since classesfocus primarilyon professionaldevelopment withtopics likedigitaldesign,technology andmarketing.There arealso plentyof artand musicclasses for more creativelearners.Read thedeveloper sprivacy policyfor detailsonhowyour kid s information is collected,used andshared,and anychoices youmayhaveinthematter,and thisprivacy policyapplies toall users.What isit aboutSkillsharehasalarge databaseof onlinelessons taughtby industry experts.Kids cansearch foraclass bytopic orby enteringkey words.Each classcontains aseries ofvideo lessonsthat aretaughtas alecture.Some classeshaveonlya fewlessons,while othershave10ormore.In fact,one guitarclasshas more than100lessons.Many classesinclude projects,and mostend witha briefFinal Thoughtslessonto sumup theclass content.There sa reviewsection whereusers canleave advice.Kids canwatch thelessonswithin thatclass directlyfrom theapp.They canalso saveclasses towatch later,and anyclassesthey beginare automaticallysaved toa watchlist.Many classesare offeredinthefree versionof theapp,andapaid versiongives usersaccess toamuchmore extensiveclass list一morethan28,000lessons.Is itany goodAll the teachersintheapp arepassionate abouttheir work,so it sanexcellent wayto fosterthesame passionin yourkids,as longas thereisagenuine interestinthecontent beingoffered.What kindof membershipare youinterested in1month6months12months36months$

14.99per month$

12.99per month$

10.99per month$

6.99per monthYoucan cancelany time.Email addressfor contact:skillshare@gdprrepA.kids B.parents C.teachers D.industryexperts

21.The passageis intendedforA.$

14.

99.B.$

12.

99.C.$

10.99D.$

6.

99.

22.How muchshould youpay monthlyfor anannual membership

23.What canwe learnfrom the passageA.Skillshare allowscurious olderkids tolearn attheirownpace.B.The privacy policy islimitedtothe registeredmembers ofSkillshare.C.Subscribers canonly cancelthe orderwithin onemonth ofits purchase.D.Each classhas morethan100careerrelated lessonsintheSkillshare app.【答案】

21.B

22.C

23.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇广告Skillshare是一款非常流行的视频教学应用，这是一篇针对它的广告【21题详解】推理判断题根据第——段第四句Read thedeveloper sprivacypolicyfor detailson howyourkidsinformationiscollected（请阅读开发者的隐私政策，了解您孩子的信息是如何收集的）可推知，文章的阅读对象是家长故选B【22题详解】细节理解题根据“What kindof membershipare youinterestedin”部分的表格中可知，一年的会员每个月需交$1099故选C【23题详解】推理判断题根据What isit about”部分中的第八句和第九句Kids canwatch thelessonswithin thatclass directlyfrom theapp.They canalso saveclasses towatch later,and anyclasses theybeginare automaticallysaved toa watchlist.（孩子们可以直接从应用程序中观看该课程的课程他们还可以保存课程以便以后观看，他们开始的任何课程都会自动保存到一个观看列表中）可知,Skillshare允许按照自己的节奏学习根据第一段第二句It willlikely appealmore toolderkids（age14+）”（它可能会更吸引年龄较大的孩子（14岁以上））可知，Skillshare允许较大的孩子按照自己的节奏学习故选AWhat animalpulls atyour heartstrings一a pandaoratoad（蟾蛛）？Zoologist LucyCooke drawsattentionto someofthe world sleast attractiveanimals.She hopesto showthe worldwhy someofthe most unlovableanimals are actuallythemostinteresting anddeserving ofour attentionand protection.Cooke,s blogsand online videos bringher unusualstorytelling styletoaserious message:If weonlycare forthebestloved animals,other importantparts ofthe webof lifecould beignored.There aresomany televisionshows aboutlovely animals like koalabears andkittens,she observes.Alltheattentionseems focusedon“celebrity”animals.Those unusualcreatures attractme becausethey tellan amazingevolutionary（进化）story,“Cooke said.’T minterestedinallofnature,not justthe shinybits.”Amphibians一animalslikefrogs thatlive bothon landand inwater一top Cooke s list.Over athirdof amphibiansare goingextinct;itsthe worstextinction crisissince thedinosaurs werewiped offtheplanet.Amphibians occupya crucialspot inthe middleofthefood chain.If youremove them,everythingelse willbe lost as well,v shenoted.That motivatedmetostart myblog,The AmphibianAvenger.Whenamphibians goextinct,birds andsnakes thateat themalso disappear.And sincethey breathethrough theirskin,they areeasily attackedby pollutionand climatechange.That makesthem fantasticinstruments formeasuringthe healthof ecosystems.”One ofCooke smost popularonlinevideosis about sloths一extremely slowmovinganimals thatlivein trees.They,ve always had a reputation for being lazy and stupid.In fact,“slothfulness”is thekeytotheanimal ssuccess,allowing thesloth sliver（月干脏）to processpoisonous substancesfoundin theleaves iteats.Moving slowlyalso keepsit hiddenfrom enemies.My videoshowed theworld howinteresting theyare,“Cooke said.The bats,dung beetlesand moreget theirmoment inthe sunthankstoCooke.I justwant peopletoshare mysense ofamazement andlove forthese creatures.Cooke stated.Once youunderstand whytheyre uglyor odd,you11appreciate themand wantto savethem asmuch asI do.”

24.Cooke startedTheAmphibian Avengerin orderto.A.make theanimal popularwith peopleB.show herunique appreciationofbeauty C.introduce theresearch ona newspeciesD.explain theimportance ofthis kindof animal

25.Cooke,s videoaboutslothsis anexample ofA.why someanimals deservetheir reputationB.why shethinks itnecessary tosave animalsC.how peoplefocus onsome specificanimalsD.how sheis tryingtochangepeople,s minds

26.What isthebesttitle ofthepassageA.Animal DefenderB.Intelligent AnimalsC.CookesStorytelling BlogsD.The Secretof ExtinctCreatures【答案】

24.D

25.D

26.A【解析】这是一篇说明文文章介绍了动物学家露西•库克为保护动物所做出的的努力她希望向世界展示为什么一些最不可爱的动物实际上是最有趣的，值得我们关注和保护【24题详解】细节理解题根据第三段第三句和第四句Amphibians occupya crucialspot inthe middleofthefood chain.If youremove them,everything elsewillbelostaswell”（两栖动物在食物链中占据着一个至关重要的位置如果你把它们移走，其他的一切也都会消失）可知，库克开始写《两栖动物复仇者》是为了解释这种动物的重要性故选D【25题详解】推理判断题根据倒数第二段第二句They vealwayshadareputationforbeinglazyandstupid.（他们总是以懒惰和愚蠢而闻名）”和最后一句^My videoshowed theworld howinterestingtheyarew（我的视频向世界展示了他们是多么有趣）可知，这个视频是为了改变人们对树懒的看法，所以库克关于树懒的视频是她如何试图改变人们想法的一个例子故选Do【26题详解】主旨大意题根据第一段最后两句uZoologist LucyCooke drawsattentiontosomeoftheworld,s leastattractiveanimals.She hopesto showtheworldwhy someofthemost unlovableanimalsareactually themostinteresting anddeserving ofour attentionand protection.（动物学家露西•库克提醒人们注意一些世界上最不吸引人的动物她希望向世界展示为什么一些最不可爱的动物实际上是最有趣的,值得我们关注和保护）以及下文露西•库克的行为可知，文章主要介绍了动物学家露西•库克为保护动物所做出的的努力所以选项A（动物的保护者）是最好的标题故选A。