2024届新高考高三英语复习语法启航语法补充+语法填空专练五

##语法知识补充.**判断主被动**-在不表todo目的的情况下区分-分及物、不及物-Ao不及物动词无被动-Bo及物动词，后无宾语一被动；后有宾语一主动-Dressed inwhite,he is sad.Dressing himselfin whiteheissad.■**常见的介词in withby onfor**-in otherwords-in anotherword-in words用语言in English/Chinese-in+**颜色**/**材质**/**语言**-in practise实际上-with+实的■工具with apair ofscissors+虚的■工具equip oneselfwith sth（knowledge）-by+**方法/交通**工具by meansof bysea/bike（公交）-on+媒体/媒介video internetcomputer-on show/display（可数）on ajourney/trip/holiday表示在进行的任务-for表目的■（两个例外in thisway,with thatmethod）-**三大疑问词how、what to do Why+do-how todo sth不定式短语I dontknow howto solvethe problem.-what todo做什么主、宾、表I dontknow whattodo.-Why+do Whynot do sthFoster寄养homes provide36safe and good environmentfor pets that arewaitingto37adopt.According toPet Rescue,many sheltersand rescue38organizationwill nottake inhomeless petsunless theyhave aplace forhomeless pets39live.While theHumane Society of the US asked states to offer animal shelters necessary services,many havehad toclose because40fewer andfewer volunteers.At thesame timethere hasbeen anincrease inpetscoming intoshelters asthe petowners aretoo sickand theyhave togive up41takecare of them or can no longer afford to keep their pets.The ArizonaHumane Societyin Phoenixhas anew drive-up service.People whovolunteer tofoster animalscansend atext when they arriveand the shelter staffwill quicklybring thepaperwork tothe car to complete theprocedure ofgetting thenew fosterfur baby.There42be345pets fromthe shelterbeing fostered.There isstill aneed forpet fostersacross theUS,so ifyou are43interest,youshould contact an animal shelter or rescue near youwithout44hesitate.Pets addso muchto peopleslives45you will not bedisappointed to have a fur baby in your home.Scientists oftencompare coral reefs to underwater rainforests,yet unlikethe leafyplant baseof aforest,coralsare animals.The softorgans insidethe hardparts ofcorals arenaturally transparentand get36they famouslybrilliant color from algae藻类living insidethem.When coralsexperience stressfrom hottemperatures or37pollute,they endtheirinterdependent relationshipwith thisalgae,typically forcingthem out38turning white,thoughone recent study indicates some corals turn a bright neon color whenstressed.Corals arestill alivewhen theybleach白化，but theyre39risk-essentiallyimmunocompromised免疫功能低下一and many40eventual starveand die,turning adark brown.People firstnoticed coralbleaching eventsin the1980s.The problemworsened in2016,when anEl Ninoweather pattern,41causes warmerwaters in the PacificOcean,42mix withanalready unseasonablywarm ocean and killedoff athird ofthe coralson theGreat BarrierReef.Since then,roughly half the coralson Australiasfamous reefs43die infollowingbleaching events,risking anunderwater landscape1,500miles long.Scientists aroundthe worldare lookingfor allkinds ofways toprotect andmaybe evenrevive corals.Oneoption is44create moremarine protectedareas-essentially nationalparks intheocean.Scientists saycreating marineshelter,where fishing,mining,and recreatingare offlimits,makes thereefs45healthy,and so much stronger.Foster寄养homes provide______36即佗andgoodenvironmenLlbr^etsthatare waitingenvironment-可数名词，句.为;谴二弓喳二岫甘市k,应用冠词a并列主语复数to37shelted^drescue光organizationwaitto■后接动词原形，逻辑主语pets-adopt被动关索7M定式唾态willnottake inhomeless petsunless theyhave aplace forhomeless pets______39____live.While the不定式作为名赢1的后置定语，a plaZTklive〃一蒲住的地方”,Humane SocietyoftheUSaskedstatestoofferanimalsheltersnecessaryservices,many havehad tofewerand fewer volunteers.是一个名词词组，故用because ofclosebecause40fewer andfewer volunteers.At thesame timethere hasbeen anincrease ingive up doing sth.放弃做某事二动名词作为give up的宾语petscoming intoshelters asthe petowners aretoo sickand theyhave togive upgking takecareofthemorcannolongeraffordtokeeptheirpets.24The ArizonaHumaneSocietyin Phoenixhas anew drive-up service.People whovolunteer tofosteranimals cansend atext whenthey arriveand theshelter staffwill quicklybring tliepaperwork就近原则一areto thecartocompletetheprocedure ofgetting thenew fosterfur baby.There42be345pets fromtheshelterbeing fostered.There isstill aneed forpet fostersacross theUS,so ifyou修饰主语you,意为〃感兴趣的，应用v-ed形式的形容词，故填interestedare143interest,you shouldcontactananimalshelterorrescuenearyou金融为介词without的宾语，且hesitation犹豫不可数without144_______hesitate.Pets addsomuchto peopleslives__________45_____you willnot be高乍为介词without福慧hesitation犹豫不可数disappointedtohaveafurbabyinyourhome.Scientists oftencompai ecoralreefstounderwaterrainforests,yet unlikethe leafyplant baseof aforest,corals arcanimals.The softorgans insidethe hardpaits ofcorals arenaturally transparentand形容词性物主代词形式故填the匕着也们的get__36they famouslybrilliantcolorfromalgae狼类living insidethem.名词并列--pollutionsWhen coralsexperience stressfrom hottemperatures or_37rollute,they endtheir此次污橐异箝亏染物interdependent relationsliipwith thisalgae,typically forcingtliem out____38___turning white,though两个并列的现在分词形式forcin的urning,意义赢接「应使用并列连词a ndonerecentstudyindicatessomecoralsturnabrightneoncolorwhen stiessed.Corals arestill alive_固定搭配at risk,意为处*险中二whentheybleachf白化，but theyre39risk-essentially immunocompromised免疫功能低T—and many___40___eventual starveand die»tximing adark brown.修饰动词stiRe应使用其副洞形式Y故填eventualy.People firstnoticed coralbleacliing eventsinthe1980s.The problemworsened in2016,when an谓语，与主语El Nino weatherpattern为主谓关系causes inthe PaMfkOcean.42mix witli在从句中作主葭瑁物‘古超/vhichan alreadyunseasonably wannoceanand killed,BarrierReef Since then,roughly half the coralson Australiasfamous reefs_______43___die infollowing；—W ncethen--现在完成时,主语halfthecorals是复数，助动词用havebleaching eventsrisking anunderwater landscape1,500miles long.Scientists aroundthe worldare lookingfor allkinds ofways toprotect andmaybe evenrevive非谓动词作表语，是对主语ption的解释说明,用不定式或动名词均可.corals.One optionis___44___create moremarine protectedareas-essentially nationalparks intheto create/creatin™ocean.Scientists saycreating marineshelter,where fishing,mining,and recreatingare offlimits,比较级形式故填helthic工_一makes thereefs45healthy,and sk市同Ervnger.

36.a

37.be adopted

38.organizations

39.to live

40.of

41.taking

42.are

43.interested

44.hesitation

45.that人与动物-说明文，主要讲述的是在新冠疫情期间，动物避难所不得不关闭，面对这种情况，政府和动物避难所号召人们寄养宠物【36题】考查冠词句意寄养家庭为等待被收养的宠物提供了一个安全和良好的环境“环境”是可数名词，environment根据句意可知，此处是泛指，应用不定冠词；又的发音是辅音音素开头，应用冠词故填safe aa【37题】考查非谓语动词句意寄养家庭为等待被收养的宠物提供了一个安全和良好的环境根据短语.”等待做某事”可知是不定式符号，其后应接动词原形，又逻辑主语和wait todostht petsadopt之间是被动关系，故应用不定式的被动语态句中已有故填to bedone,to,beadopted【38题】考查名词的数句意根据宠物救援，很多收容所和救援组织不会收留无家可归的宠物，除非他们有一个可以供无家可归动物居住的地方分析句子可知，此处应填名词，和构成并列的主语，“组织”是可数名词，结合语境shelters organization和上文的判断用复数形式，故填many organizationso【39题】考查非谓语动词根据宠物救援，很多收容所和救援组织不会收留无家可归的宠物，除非他们有一个可以供无家可归动物居住的地方分析句子可知，设空处应填非谓语动词，结合语境此处应用不定式作为名词的后置定语，place aplace to live“一个居住的地方”，故填tolive【40题】考查介词句意当美国人道协会要求各州为动物收容所提供必要的服务时，很多不得不关闭，因为志愿者越来越少根据句意可知此处表原因，但因.是一个名词词组，故用“因为”符I,fewer andfewervolunteersbecause of合语境，故填f【41题】考查动名词句意与此同时，来动物收容所的动物在增加，因为他们的主人病情严重，不得不放弃照顾它们，或者无法承担继续养它们根据.放弃做某事”可知,此处应用动名词作为的宾语故填give updoingsthgiveuptakingo【42题】考查时态句意有许多来自收容所的宠物被寄养分析句子可知，设空处是句子谓语动词，结合语境可知本文陈述社会现状，应用一般现在时，句型适用就近原则，谓语动词应和后面的保持一致，故用复数形there bepets式，故填are【43题】考查形容词句意美国各地仍有宠物寄养的需求，所以如果感兴趣的话，你应该毫不犹豫地联系身边的动物收容所或救援组织分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词作为表语，修饰主语且意为“感兴趣的”，应用形式的形you,v-ed容词，故填interestedo【44题】考查名词句意美国各地仍有宠物寄养的需求，所以如果感兴趣的话，你应该毫不犹豫地联系身边的动物收容所或救援组织分析句子可知，设空处应用名词作为介词的宾语，“犹豫”不可数，故填without hesitationhesitation【45题】考查状语从句句意宠物为人们的生活增添了如此多的东西，所以你应该不会因为家里有个毛茸茸的小东西而感到失望根据句意可知，此处考查名词作为介词的宾语，“犹豫”不可数，故填without hesitationthat

36.their

37.pollution

38.and

39.at

40.eventually

41.which

42.mixed43,have died

44.to create/creating

45.healthier说明文当珊瑚遭受到高温或污染，他们结束和藻类的共生关系，迫使藻类离开，珊瑚褪变成白色许多白化后的珊瑚最终饿死和死掉，为了使珊瑚礁更健康更强壮，科学家称创造海洋生物避难处，限制渔业、开矿和再创造【36题】考查代词句意珊瑚中硬体部分中的软器官是天然透明的并且从生活在他们体内的藻类中得到著名的绚烂颜色根据句子结构可知，此处修饰名词故使用形容词性物主代词形式故填color,their【37题】考查名词句意当珊瑚遭受到高温或污染，他们结束和藻类的共生关系，迫使藻类离开，珊瑚褪变成白色根据并列连词和前面的名词可知，此处应用名词与并列，故填其名词形式or temperaturestemperatures故填pollutiono【38题】考查连词句意当珊瑚遭受到高温或污染，他们结束和藻类的共生关系，迫使藻类离开，珊瑚褪变成白色连接两个并列的现在分词形式和且意义表顺接，应使用并列连词故填forcing turning,and and【39题】考查介词句意珊瑚白化时还活着，但他们处于危险中一一主要是免疫功能不全一一许多最终饿死和死掉，变成深棕色固定搭配意为“处于危险中“故填at risk,at【40题】考查副词句意珊瑚白化时还活着，但他们处于危险中一主要是免疫功能不全一许多最终饿死和死掉，变成深棕色修饰动词应使用其副词形式故填starve eventualy【41题】考查定语从句句意当额尔尼娜天气导致太平洋水域升温时，混合已经无季节的海洋暖化杀死了大堡礁三分之一的珊瑚此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为在从句中作主语，指物，故填pattern,which【42题】考查谓语动词句意当额尔尼娜天气导致太平洋水域升温时，混合已经无季节的海洋暖化杀死了大堡礁三分之一的珊瑚此处为谓语，与主语日为主谓关系根据时间状语可知，此处应使用一般过去时另Ninoweatherpattern2016外，根据并列连词和也可推断出答案故填andkilledmixed【43题】考查动词时态句意自从那会起，澳大利亚著名的珊瑚礁上一半的珊瑚在接下来的白化事件中死掉分析句子结构可知，此处缺少谓语，根据时间状语可知用现在完成时，主语是复数，助动词用故填Sincethenhalfthecorals havehavedied【44题】考查非谓语动词句意一种选择是创造更多的海洋保护区此处非谓动词作表语，是对主语的解释说明，用不定式或动名词均可故填option tocreate/creating【45题】考查形容词句意科学家称创造海洋生物避难处，在那里渔业、开矿和再创造都是禁止的，来让珊瑚礁更健康更强壮根据并列连词和其后的可知，此处也应该使用比较级形式故填and strongerhelthicr。