2023年新高考英语热重难点专练02 1阅读七选五之设空剖析新高考专用教师版

重难点」阅读七选五之段空剖析022023年高考英语【热点・重点・难点】专练（新高考专用）命题趋势年份卷类体裁题材设空位置卷另IJ段中设空4卷说明文如何寻找健身的伙伴I段尾设空1新高考段首设空1卷说明文写文章的技巧II段中设空4段首设空1年2022段中设空3甲卷说明文外出就餐的注意事项段尾设空1全国卷段首设空3段中设空1乙卷说明文五种维系异地友谊的方法段尾设空1段首设空1卷记叙文体验巴黎当地的生活I段中设空4段首设空1新高考段中设空2卷说明文提高阅读速度的建议II段尾设空2年2021段首设空1甲卷说明文处理旧衣物的方法段中设空4段首设空2全国卷段中设空2乙卷说明文在晚会上受人关注的方法段尾设空1从两年高考阅读七选五命题的设空位置（段首空为空、段中空为空、段尾空为空）我们可以看出，10246命题人特别注重的还是对段中空的设置一般来说，段中空越多，难度就越大因为解段中空，需要考生瞻前顾后根据新高考卷段中设空两年都保持在空的情况下，我们可以认为年新高考阅读七选五设空I42023位置大体有两种可能一是保持不变；二是对段首设空、段中设空、段尾设空的比例作一D.And considersetting asecond alarm.E.If thesteps youtake areworking,keep itup.F.Stick to your setbedtime andwake-up time,no matterthe day.G.Reconsider the15minutes youspend inline at the cafeto getcoffee..【答案】39F【解析】本段考查段尾总结句本段主要说明坚持周末睡眠时间表的重要性上文提到如果周五没有休息好，在周六睡过头听起来很好，但研究发现，这样做会影响下一周的睡眠状况所以题作为本39段的尾句，应为结论句，提醒人们无论周几，都要坚持既定的作息时间，与段首句“Keep your.”相呼应，故选sleep/wake scheduleon weekendsF【经典考例】2（2021・6月浙江卷节选）Youve gotmail...and itsa postcardPaulo Magalhaes,a34-year-old Portuguesecomputer engineer,loves toopen hismailbox andfind a brightlycolored pictureof RomesColosseum.Or AfricasVictoria Falls.Or ChinasGreat Wall.11“I oftensend postcardsto familyand friends.he saysto ChinaDaily,but youcan imaginethat aftera while,younever receiveas manyas yousend,and yourealize thatnot everyoneis intoit...”A.And thafstotally fineB.That makesit extrahard to learn andpractice itC.He likesto think of sendingpostcards as a family-friendly hobbyD.Many loveto makea connectionwith someonefrom acrossthe world.E.On August5,the numberof postcardsexchanged bymembers topped31million.F.Similarly,if youspeak onlyChinese,receiving acard inSwedish takespart of the funaway.G.In short,he lovespostcards,and theexcitement ofgetting ahand-written notefrom someonefar away.【答案】IL G【解析】上文“Paulo Magalhaes,a34-year-old Portuguesecomputer engineer,loves toopen hismailbox andfind（岁abrightlycolored imageof RomesColosseum.Or AfricasVictoria Falls.Or ChinasGreat Wall.34的葡萄牙电脑工程师喜欢打开他的邮箱，然后发现一个色彩鲜艳的罗马斗牛场图PauloMagalhaes像或者非洲的维多利亚瀑布或者是中国的长城户介绍了喜欢明信片的个人爱好下文Paulo“…说明他身边缺少与他志趣相投的人选项and yourealize thatnot everyoneis intoit.”GIn short,（简而言之，他he lovespostcards,and theexcitement ofgetting ascribbled notefrom someonefar away.喜欢明信片，也喜欢收到远方某人潦草的便条时的那种兴奋厂起到承上启下的作用，总结了上文喜欢明信片，也引出下文关于他的喜好得不到回应的问题，故选项Paulo G【经典考例3]（•山东卷节选）2020Even the most successfulpublic speakerwill make mistakes.Yet,the onlyone whocaresabout anymistake is the one who isspeaking.Peoples attentionwanders constantly.In fact,most peopleonly absorbabout20percent of a speakersmessage.So,dont stopspeaking when you makea mistakeunless ifsa trulyseriousone.18A.Do the opposite.B.You want to be an effectivepublic speaker.C.You dont need toapologize for a minorslip.D.When itcomes topublic speaking,less isusually more.E.The objectiveof mostspeeches isto benefitthe audienceF.Take thefear outof public speaking byfocusing on your listenersG.However,the majorityof peopleare effectivespeakers because they trainto be..【答案】18C【解析】本段提到即使成功的演讲者也会犯错误，观众不会太在意你的错误上句建议当出错时不要停止演讲，除非是非常严重的错误项“你不必为一个小失误道歉”承接上句，是对待演讲出错的C方法，故选C【经典考例4]（月浙江卷节选）2020-6A brightspot forme turnedout to be reading.My loveof thewritten wordbegan early（）as mymother readto meevery evening.32I lovedthe colorfulphotographs in the books.I startedreading booksonmy ownbefore age5and mymother tookme to the publiclibrary oncea weekto borrowseveral books.I quicklygraduatedfrom typicalchildrens booksto oneswith fewerpictures andlonger chapters.Reading openednew worldstome.33A.I wasnt alone anylonger.B.I enjoyedreading storiesaloud.C.I wasinvited to play with another kid.D.I lovedthe colorfulphotographs in the books.E.Another habitI formedearly wasbeing outdoors.F.Thus,I beganmy lifelonginterest inmaking things.G.My olderbrother couldntbe botheredtoplaywith me..【答案】33A【解析】根据前句提至『可知阅读为作者打开了新世界，所以空格处应Reading openednew worldsto me.”该讲的是阅读给作者带来的好处项“我不再孤独”和上句构成了因果关系，故选A A限时检测（题目序号仿新高考）每篇答题时间不超过分钟8Passage1（•广东高三期中）2022Ready toupgrade yourusual walkaround thepark for a hikein thewild36So,before youset off,heres sometips andrecommendations.（小路）.Choose yourtrail Areyou up for aclimb orwould youprefer moreof aneasier walkConsider things likethe amountof timeyou havefor your hike,as wellas thedistance anddifficulty level.Be sureto doplenty ofresearchand mapout yourstart andend points.37Check the weather forecast.Theres nosuchthing asbad weatherif youvecome prepared!So checkingthe weatherforecast in advance isvital.38For asunny hike,a baseballcap addsa sportyedge to your hikingoutfit whilekeeping thesun fromyoureyes.39A well-packed backpackcan make-or-break theexperience of your hike.Fill yourwater containerand store up energy-increasing snacksto keepyou goingon yourtrail.A firstaid kitand map are also worth popping inyour bag,too.Before youpack,its importantto choosea goodquality backpackthafs lightweight and comfortable.Layer up.Wondering whatto wearon a hike40This three-layer system includes a base layer next toyourskin,an adjustablelayer ontop and an outershell toprotect youfrom waterand wind.Hopefully youwont bebattlingthe elementstoo much,but layeringup withlight clothesmeans youcan stayon thetrail with a smileon yourface.A.Pack yournecessities in a qualitybackpack.B.You want to keepyour backpackas lightas possible.C.In case of rain,a waterproofjacket should be on your checklist.D.Lightweight shoesare a good balancebetween supportand stability.E.And dontforget tolet someoneknow yourtrail ifyoure hikingalone.F.Expert hikerssuggest athree-layer approachto dressingwell for a roughday.G.Preparation iskey tothe difference between a good hikeand anunforgettable one.【答案】GECAF【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文文章主要介绍了如何为一次难忘的徒步旅行做好准备.【答案】36G【解析】空前说（准备好升级你在公Ready toupgrade yourusual walkaround thepark forahikein thewild园散步的习惯，来一次野外徒步旅行了吗），空后说So,before yousetoff,heres sometips and（所以，在你出发之前，这里有一些建议广，空格处应说为徒步旅行做准备是彳recommendations.艮重要的，选项（准G“Preparation iskey tothe differencebetween a good hikeandanunforgettable one.备是决定一次好的徒步旅行和一次难忘的徒步旅行的关键厂说明了为徒步旅行做好充分准备是很重要的，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选G.【答案】37E【解析】本段主题句是（小路）（选择你的路线），空前说“Choose yourtrail.“Be sureto doplenty ofresearch.（一定要做大量的研究，并规划好你的起点和终点）”，空格处and mapout yourstart andend points所说内容应该与路线有关，E选项“And dorftforget tolet someoneknow yourtrail ifyou5re hikingalone.（如果你一个人徒步，别忘了让别人知道你的路线）”说明的是把路线告诉他人，以保证安全，因此是关于路线的，符合语境，故选E.【答案】38C【解析】空前说（所以提前查看天气预报是至关重要的）”，“So checkingtheweatherforecast in advance isvital.空格处要说的内容应该与为应对天气做准备相关，选项C“In caseof rain,a waterproofjacket shouldbe.（以防下雨，你的清单上应该有一件防水夹克）”是对下雨天所做的准备，因此onyourchecklist承接上文，符合语境，故选C.【答案】39A［解析】空格处是本段主题句，由空后的“A well-packed backpackcan make-or-break theexperience ofyourhike.Fill yourwater containerandstoreupenergy-increasing snacksto keepyou goingonyourtrail.A firstaidkit andmaparealsoworthpoppingin your bag,too.Before youpack,its importantto chooseagoodquality（个打包好的背包可以决定你徒步旅行的成败装backpack thatslightweightandcomfortable.——满你的水，储存增加能量的零食，让你继续前行急救箱和地图也值得放在你的包里在你打包之前，选择一个质量好的、轻便舒适的背包是很重要的户可知，本段主要讲的是要如何打包背包，选项.（把你的必需品装进高质量的背包里）”说明了A“Pack yournecessities in a qualitybackpack要如何打包背包，可概括本段内容，可作为小标题，故选A.【答案】40F【解析】空前说（想知道徒步旅行该穿什么），空后说“Wondering whatto wearon ahike Thisthree-layersystem includesabaselayernexttoyourskin,an adjustablelayer ontop andan outershell toprotect you（这个三层的系统包括紧贴皮肤的底层，顶部可调节的一层和保护你免受水和from waterand wind.风伤害的外壳广，说明空格处要说到的穿的是一种有三层的衣物，选项F“Expert hikerssuggest a（登山专家建议穿三层衣服来应对艰难的一天）”three-layer approachto dressingwell fora roughday.说到了包含三层的衣服，其中的•”和空后的一致，因此承上启下，符合语“three-layei“three-layer”境，故选FPassage2（•湖北恩施市一中模拟预测）2022The UnitedStates is a vastcountry wherethere arefour different time zones.（）In addition,many parts of the country observedaylight savingtime DSTas well.In areasthat adoptDST,the clockismoved onehour forwardfor thesummer.Thus,the localtime variesacross differentareas of thecountry.36It hasbeenchanged many times over the years.For decades,both theEastern Time Zone and Central TimeZone haveexisted within the state.Many areasin thestate have switched back and forth between Eastern Time andCentral Time.Furthermore,until veryrecently,policyconcerning DST differed from one place to another.37In2006,however,the entirestatestarted to observe DST.Some haveargued thatthe timesystem in Indiana harmslocal businessesworking withcompanies outsideofIndiana.For example,a companyin Indianaonce scheduleda phoneconference withcompanies in other states.38Thiswas because those who missed the conference did not know in which time zone thecompany waslocated.39Local businessesmay benefitfrom beingin theEastern TimeZone wherethe financialcenter oftheentire country,Wall Streetin NewYork City,is located.Meanwhile,this maynot beconvenient forresidents in the（通勤）western partsof Indianawho commuteto majorcities in the Central TimeZone,like Chicago,just acrossthe stateborder.The controversyover timein Indianawas partlyresolved in

2006.40However,there isstilldisagreement abouthaving twodifferenttime zones in the state.This debatemay continueas longas peopleliving indifferentpartsof the statehave differentneeds.A.In otherareas DSTwas adopted.B.It isnot easyto resolvethis issue.C.The entirestate started toobserve DST.D.Only halfof theparticipants wereon line.E.Most areasintheEastern TimeZone didnot adoptDST.F.The stateof Indianais knownfor itscomplex timesystem.G.It dependson whichtimezonethe areais in and whetherDST is adopted.【答案】FBDEC【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国不同地区对于夏令时制度的执行情况.【答案】36F【解析】文章第

二、三段介绍的是印第安纳州夏令时制度执行的复杂情况，该空后文的“It hasbeen changed（这些年来，它已经改变了很多次）”中的指的是选项中的manytimesovertheyears.it F“its complextimesystem”，即印第安纳州复杂的时间系统故选F项.【答案】37B【解析】根据上文“For decades,both theEastern TimeZone andCentralTimeZone haveexisted withinthe state.Many areasinthe statehaveswitchedbackandforthbetweenEastern TimeandCentralTime.Furthermore,.（几十年来，东部时区和until veryrecently,policy concerningDSTdifferedfromoneplacetoanother中部时区都存在于该州该州的许多地区在东部时间和中部时间之间来回切换），可知，选项承接上文说明解决问题是有难度的故选项.（要解决这个问题并B“It isnot easyto resolvethis issue不容易）和前文紧密相关故选项B.【答案】38D【解析】根据上文“Some haveargued thatthe timesysteminIndiana harmslocal businessesworking with（一些人认为，印第安纳州的时间系统损害了与印第安纳州以外公司companies outsideof Indiana.合作的当地企业例如，印第安纳州的一家公司曾经与其他州的公司安排了一次电话会议广说明时间不统一带来了不利影响并举例说明，以及下文“This wasbecausethosewhomissedtheconference（这是因为错过会议的人不知道该公司位于didnotknowinwhichtimezonethecompany waslocated.哪个时区）“解释了参加线上会议人数较少的原因，选项D“Only halfof theparticipants wereon line.（只有一半的参与者在线）“说明现象，只有一半的公司上线，承接上文所讲的不利影响，又是下文解释原因的问题所在故选项D.【答案】39E【解析】下文“Local businessesmay benefitfrom beingintheEastern TimeZone wherethe financialcenter of the.（当地企业可能会受益于在东部时区，那里entire country,Wall Streetin NewYork City,is located是整个国家的金融中心，纽约的华尔街位于此厂是在解释为什么大多数的东部地区不愿意使用夏令时选项（东部时区的大部分地区没有E“Most areasintheEasternTimeZone didnot adoptDST.采用夏令时）”放于句首总领全段，符合语境故选项E.【答案】40C【解析】上文（随着时间的推移，印第安纳“The controversyover timeinIndianawas partlyresolved in

2006.州的争议在年部分解决了广表明印第安纳州的问题得到了部分解决，项2006C“The entirestate.（整个州都采用了夏令时广，是指解决以上问题的具体方案，承接上文故startedtoobserveDST选项CPassage3（.湖南武冈市教育科学研究所高三期中）2022How totell your career storyI believe telling your story is one of the most important life skills because it is the moment whenyou commit to thechange what you want to make in your life

36.Share what you reallywant to doIf youknow what you reallywant to do forwork,tell peopleeven ifyou haventtaken yourfirst stepdown thatpath.Dont hold back,go forit!37,not whatyou aredoing rightnow.When youtalk about the work youve always wanted todo,youll naturallysound moreexcited,and otherpeople willsense yourexcitement.Share yourmotivationAs soon as youtell someone abouttheworkyouvealwayswantedtodo,immediately tellthem aboutyourmotivation fordoing it.Communicate your“why”,your purpose,and yourreason formaking achange in your work.38if theybelieve yourintentions arereliable.You mighteven sharea personalstory.―39—Your past experiences havevalue.They providedyou withmarketable skillsthat youcan usein newways tosupport your new work.They arepart ofyour newstory.When youtalk to someone about whatyou want todo,sharehow your pastexperiences make you uniquely qualified todo it.How didthey leadyou hereto takethis nextstep Showhowtheyre helpingyou worktoward your new purpose.For example,my workat CBSNews helpedme totell stories.My workat dot-coms helpedme understandthe possibilitiesofthedigital media.

40.My work as anentrepreneur helpedme understand how to build communities.A.How are you uniquely qualifiedB.Focus on where youwant your life to goC.Here are some“rules“fbr tellingyour careerstoryD.Whafs thedifferencebetweenold experiencesand newstoriesE.I believeeveryone has a greatuntold storythat deservesto betoldF.My workas a sales trainer taught me how to inspire people to changeG.People will be more engaged and even more motivated to offer you help【答案】CBGAF【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文主要介绍了如何讲述你的职业故事并且给出了相关的要求和规则.【答案】36C【解析】根据上文“Ibelievetellingyourstoryisone ofthemost importantlifeskillsbecauseitisthemomentwhen（我相信讲述自己的故事是最重要的生you committothechangewhatyouwant to makeinyourlife活技能之一，因为这是你致力于改变自己生活中想要的东西的时・刻）引出话题，提到讲述自己的故事以及下文分别举出的几点要求和建议，可知空格处内容为有一些讲述故事的要求和规则结合选项项（这里有一些讲述你的职业故事的“规C Here are some“rules”for tellingyourcareerstory.则”）符合此推断，起到承上启下的过渡作用故选项C.【答案】37B【解析】上文（不要退缩，大胆去做吧！）说明要勇敢去做下文“Don*holdback,go forit!”“not whatyou are（不是你现在在做什么）否定现在所做的事情故可推断空格处内容为专注于想doing rightnow.要做的事情结合选项项.（专注于你想要的生活）符合B Focus onwhereyouwantyourlifetogo此推断，上下文语意连贯，下文是空格处内容的补充说明故选项B.【答案】38G【解析】下文（如果他们相信你的意图是可靠的）提到假设情况之“if theybelieve yourintentions arereliable.”后的结果结合选项项（人G Peoplewillbemoreengagedandevenmoremotivatedtooffer youhelp.们将更多地参与和更主动地为你提供帮助）即是这种假设成立后的积极结果，其中与offeryouhelp下文的一致故选项reliable G.【答案】39A【解析】由空格处的问号可知，该句应为问句，故在选项中选出其一通过下文AD“Your pastexperiences havevalue.They providedyou withmarketable skillsthat youcan usein newways tosupportyournewwork.They arepart ofyournewstory.When youtalk tosomeoneaboutwhatyouwanttodo,share how yourpast（你experiencesmake youuniquelyqualifiedtodoit.How didthey leadyou hereto takethis nextstep过去的经历很有价值它们为你提供了适合市场的技能，你可以用新的方式来支持你的新工作他们是你新故事的一部分当你和别人谈论你想做什么时，分享一下你过去的经历是如何让你有资格做这件事的它们是怎么让你走到这一步的？）说明要展示你过去的经历以及你独特的资格结合选项项.（你如何做到独一无二）为总结该段的内容（小标题），A Howareyouuniquelyqualified与下文意思一致故选项A.【答案】40F【解析】根据上文（例如,我“My workat dot-coms helpedme understandthe possibilitiesofthedigital media.在新闻的工作帮助我讲故）以及下文CBS“My workas anentrepreneur helpedmeunderstandhow to（作为一名企业家，我的工作帮助我理解了如何建立社区）可知，都分别举例buildcommunities.”介绍自己的经历，故可推断空格处内容也应为说明自己的具体经历和上下文构成并列关系，为共同组成举出的三个例子结合选项项F Myworkasasalestrainertaughtmehowtoinspirepeopleto（销售培训师的工作教会了我如何激励人们做出改变）可知，为工作经历例子的其一，符change.合此推断，上下文语意连贯故选项FPassage4（•辽宁高三期中）2022Housekeeping canbe an effective stressreliever inour busylife if we knowhowto enjoyit.We canbenefit a lot fromdoing housework.Activities likecleaning the house couldgive usa senseof belongingto ourenvironment.36In thelimited space,one cancreate the best atmospherethat can show the positive energy and care for the members ofthe house,including ourselves.Cleaning offersthestateof mindfulness,releasing theendorphins,which canimprove ourmood,Cleaning activities,such assweeping thefloor,provides thesame benefitsas exercising.We keepthe bodyactive and make ita partof theexercise,which isespecially goodfor someonewho findsa struggleto maintaina workoutschedule.So weresupposedto start the day with early morning cleaning.37Cleaning providesa senseof control over ourenvironment.Anxiety,the earlystage ofmental breakdown,couldcome from insecurity towards uncertainty.38Cleaning givesus somethingto havepower over—even ifits somethingas smallas organisingour booksby colour.When weseek outways toreduce feelingsofhelplessness,cleaning isoneofthebestways todo thatJ saidJaimeZuckerman,an Americanclinical psychologist.39Accomplishing aclean-up projectcould createa“good fueling“of confidencethat laststhroughoutday.Greater confidenceencourages peopleto faceother challengesin lifethat mayhave seemed too far areach inthe past.Ifs healthyto usecleaning toclear yourmind,gain perspective,and take a breakfrom yourworries.40So wehave to make sureits enjoyableinstead ofovertiring.A.Cleaning is a greatway toshow love.B.The post-cleanup feelingscan inspireconfidence.C.People enjoythe domestictask ofhousekeeping.D.People needsomething thatthey havecontrol over.E.We cantdepend ontidying practiceto relieveinternal discomfort.F.However,going overboardwith thecleaning activitiescan causestress.G.That canencourage oursubconscious to be anactive personduring theday.【答案】AGDBF【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文本文介绍了做家务可以有效地缓解压力像打扫房子这样的活动会给人们带来很多益处.【答案】36A【解析】根据下一句中的“In thelimitedspace,one cancreate thebest atmospherethat canshow thepositive（在有限的空间里，人们可以创造energy andcarefor themembers ofthe house,including ourselves.出最好的氛围，展现出正能量，关爱家庭成员，包括我们自己广可知，空处是对后文的概括总结，下文表明在家里有限的空间里，我们可以通过打扫卫生为家里制造出爱的氛围项“清洁是表A达爱意的好方法”符合语境项中的是对下文中的A showlove“canshowthepositiveenergyandcare的概括故选forthemembersofthehouse”A.【答案】37G【解析】根据（所以我们应该从清晨的清洁开So weresupposed tostart theday withearly morningcleaning.始）”可知，空处表明从清晨的清洁开始的好处，也就是能够为我们一天的工作做准备项“这可以鼓G励我们的潜意识在白天成为一个积极的人”符合语境项中的和前文中的G“during theday”startthedayw汕相呼应故选earlymorningcleaning”Go.【答案】38D【解析】根据本段的主题句清洁提供了一种对

53.“Cleaning providesa senseof controlover ourenvironment^环境的控制感广，空前句Anxiety,the earlystage ofmental breakdown,could comefrominsecurity.（焦虑是精神崩溃的早期阶段，可能来自不安全感和不确定性广以及空后towardsuncertainty“Cleaning givesus somethingto havepower over-even ifits somethingas smallas organisingour books.（清洁给了我们一些力量，即使是按颜色整理书籍这样的小事）”可知，空格前指出焦by colour虑可能来自不安全感和不确定性，空格后提到清洁给了我们力量由此可知，一个过渡句，承前启后项“人们需要一些他们可以控制的东西”符合语境项中的和前文D Dcontrolovera senseof相呼应故选control Do.【答案】39B【解析】根据空后“Accomplishing aclean-up projectcould createa“good feeling^of confidencethat laststhroughoutday.Greater confidenceencourages peopleto faceother challengesin lifethat mayhave（完成一个清理项目可以创造一种持续一整天的良好感觉更大seemedtoofarareach inthe past.的信心鼓励人们面对生活中的其他挑战，这些挑战在过去似乎遥不可及广可知，本段内容提到完成一个清理项目可以创造一种持续一整天的充满信心的“良好感觉”以及给后续生活带来好处项“清理后的感觉可以激发信心”适合作本段的主旨大意句故选B B.【答案】40F【解析】根据（所以我们必须确保这是愉快的，而So wehave to make sureifs enjoyableinstead ofovertiring.不是过度劳累）“可知，空格处与下一句为因果关系下一句指出因此，我们必须确保这是愉快的，而不是过度疲惫的由此可知，空格处提到过度做家务是不好的项“然而，过度进行F清洁活动可能会造成压力”符合语境故选F些微调热点解读）在阅读七选五中，句子在段落中的位置不同，所起的作用也不同段首设空所要填的内容起概括主旨的作用；段中设空所要填的内容起注释细节、体现逻辑关系的作用；段尾设空所要填的内容起归纳总结的作用除此之外，三种设空处所要填的内容都有一个共同的作用不是承上，就是启下，或者兼而有之（承上启下）此外，还有一种设空的方式是标题设空，其特点非常明显位于文章的首位或是段与段之间，呈现形式为单独成行或成段

一、段看■设空的主要考点段落标题句、段落主旨句、段落过渡句（承上启下句或导入句）此外，设空在首段段首处时，有可能考查的是通篇主题句满分技巧【满分技巧］借助“对标”斛题1对照其他标题的表达形式，看其呈现形式是否和其他小标题相一致【满分技巧】借助“提炼”解题2注意阅读相关段落内容，提炼其中的中心词（留意体现主旨的同义词复现）串联成标题【满分技巧】借助“推新”斛题3认真阅读空后的下文内容，掌握该段大意，推断出主旨句【满分技巧】借助“抓皮”斛题4设空处在段首时（设空在首段段首处除外），很有可能是过渡句（承上启下句或导入句）因此，要阅读上下文并抓住两个重点重点了解上一段，尤其是尾句的内容，还要快速浏览下一段的内容；二是要标出关键词使所选答案能够把上下两段内容紧密的衔接起来【经典考例］（引用原题号，以下同）1（•浙江月高考卷节选）…20221Pick themostimportant.•••Combine youractivities.•••―34―You wouldthink learningtakes moretime from you,but actuallythere arealways newways ofdoing thingsthatcan saveyou time on dailytasks,freeing youupforthemostimportant.Always belooking fora newway togain backanhour hereor there.Lighten up.A.Speed up.B.Be anactive learner.C.Stop trying to balancetime betweenthem all.D.Make choicesaboutwhatis meaningfulinyourlife.E.The thingsyou dowell usuallygive yougreater joy.F.Perhaps thesetips willhelp youmake themost ofyour time.G.This iswhy makinglists isimportant in any productivityhandbook..【答案】34B【解析】空格处在段与段之间，单独成行，考查段落小标题对照其他小标题，可知小标题句式为祈使句式，以此确定在四个选项中筛选标根据下文，本段讲述学习虽然花费很多时间，但总ABCD是能有一些方法为你节省时间做其他事情，因此要做有效的学习者因此推断项“做有效的学B习者”为段落标题，故选B【经典考例2]（•新高考卷节选）2022II Writingan essayis adifficult processfor mostpeople.However,the processcan bemadeeasier ifyou learnto practicethree simpletechniques.36When you are firsttrying tothink ofideas foran essay,put your pen toyour paper and write（nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting yourpen leave the paper.Stay looseand free.37Let yourpen followthe waves of thought.）Don,t worryabout grammaror spelling.Even thoughthis techniquewont workfor everyone,ithelps manypeople getagoodstore ofideas todraw on.A.Make sureyour handwritingis neat.B.Let yourpen followthewavesofthought.C.The seconddraft ofthe essayshouldbebetter.D.First of all,learn thetechnique ofnonstop writing.E.Too manywriters tryto gettheir draftsright thefirst time.F.Many beginningwriters dontleave enoughspace torevise.G.Then youcan printout afresh draft,again settingyour texton triple-space..【答案】36D【解析】空格在段首，考查段落主题句空白处之后信息“When you are firsttryingtothinkofideas foran提示当有想法的essay...write nonstopfortenorfifteenminuteswithoutlettingyourpenleavethepaper时候，笔离开纸地不间断书写到分钟由此判断可知，本段主要讲的是要学会不间断地写，1015选项意为“首先，学习不间断写作的技巧”概括了本段的主要内容，可作为主题句，故选D D【经典考例3]（•新课标卷节选）2020HI37Some peopleregister alist ofthings theywant orneed fortheir new home ata localorstore orstores.Some commonthings peoplewill puton agift registryinclude kitchentools likeknives andthings likecurtains.Even ifthere isnta registry,agoodhousewarming giftis somethingto decoratethe newhouse with,like apieceof artoraplant.38This isoften appreciatedsince ata housewarmingthere isnta lot of food served.There areusuallyno plannedactivities likegames ata housewarming party.The hostor hostessoftheparty will,however,probably giveall theguests atour oftheir new home.Sometimes,because a housewarming partyhappens shortlyafter apersonmoves intotheir new home,people maybe askedto helpunpack boxes....A.This isntusual though.B.It istraditional tobring agift toa housewarmingparty.C.You canalso bringfood ordrinks toshare withthe otherguests.D.If yourelucky enoughto receivegifts,keep theminasafe place.E.It alsogives peoplea chanceto seewhat the newhomelooks like.F.The besthousewarming partiesencourage oldfriends toget together.G.This wasso thatthe personcould keeptheir homewarm forthe winter..【答案】37B【解析】空格在段首，考查段落主题句空白处之后信息“Some commonthings peoplewill putonagift registiy.和歹举了参加include kitchentools likeknives andthingslikecurtains likea pieceof artoraplant.“U聚会所带礼物的清单，可以是厨房工具、窗帘、艺术品或绿植这些都和参加聚会带礼物有关，项带礼物去参加乔迁派对是一种传统，概括了本段内容，引出下文，故选B B.【答案】38C【解析】空格在段首，考查承上启下句前面的段落提到“参加聚会所带礼物的清单”本空承接上文，也应该与“礼物”相关根据空后“This isoften appreciatedsince ata housewarmingthere isrftalotof（这一点通常是值得赞赏的，因为在乔迁派对上不会提供很多食物）“可知，空格处foodserved.所涉及的礼物应该与“食物”相关，项你也可以带上食物或饮料与其他客人分享,故选C C热点解读

二、段中设空的主要考点段中上下文关联句从段落语篇结构、行文逻辑关系等方面命题满分技巧【满分技巧借助“语篇结构”斛题I1阅读七选五的体裁主要是说明文，语篇常采用“总——分”或“总——分——总”的结构前一部分说明事物的主题，下面几部分从不同角度说明问题，最后总结常见的标志性词汇有to conclude,to sumup,等等generally speaking,inaword,in brief,in conclusion,in general,in short,in summary,on thewhole【满分技巧】借助“斛再例证”斛题2段落后文对前文或解释说明或举例佐证常见的标志性词汇有actually,asamatter of,in fact,inotherwords,等等that isto say,for example,for instance【满分技巧】借助“转折让步”斛题3段落行文中后句与前句构成逻辑上的转折关系或前句与后句构成逻辑上的让步关系常见的标志性司t匚有以but,however,instead,nevertheless,or/otherwise,whereas,while,yet,at anyrate,inanycase,on thecontrary及等等although/though/as,in spiteof【满分技巧】借助“层层推选”解题4段落行文中前句与后面的数句在某种意义上层层推进，一层更进一层，即通常所说的“递进”常见的标志性词汇有besides,even,further,furthermore,moreover,in addition,not...but,not only...but also,to make等等matters worse,whats worse,whats more【满分技巧】借助“原因结果”解题5前句与后句之间构成前因后果或者前果后因的关系常见的标志性词汇有accordingly,consequently,hence,等等so/therefore/thus,asaresult of,due to,now that,such/so...thatthanks to,【满分技巧】借助“齐头并进”斛题6指句子与句子之间齐头并进互不相属形成并列关系，用了一起说明同一个问题常见的标志性词汇有and,first/firstly,second/secondly,third/thirdly,next,then,inthefirst place,inthesecond place,for onething...for等等another thing,finally/last特别提醒以上所有这些标志性词汇有可能出现在原文中，也有可能出现在备选项中【经典考例】1（•新高考卷节选）2017I Thefriends whointroduced meto campingthought thatit meantto be a pioneer.37We sleptinatent,cooked overan openfire,and walkeda longdistance totake theshower anduse thebathroom.This briefvisit withMother Naturecost metwo daysoff fromwork,recovering froma badcaseofsunburnand thedoctors billfor mysons foodpoisoning.A.This timethere wasno tent.B.Things aregoing to be improved.C.The tripthey tookmeonwas arough one.D.I was tolearnalotabout campingsince then,however.E.I mustsay thatI havecertainly cometoenjoycamping.F.After thetrip,my familybecame quiteinterested incamping.G.There wasno shadeas thetrees wereno morethan3feet tall..【答案】37C【解析】由下文“We sleepinatent,cooked overan openfire,and walkeda longdistance totake theshower andusethe分别叙述了这次野营有情况目的是说这次野营关比较艰难，故空格处应该是对这次野营的总体评bathroom”价，故选上下文构成“总——分”关系C【经典考例2]（•全国卷节选）2020I,Forgive yourselffor mistakesthat youhave made.We areoften ashamedof ourshortcomings,our mistakesand ourfailures.38You willmake mistakes,time andtime again.Rather than（有同情心）getting caughtup inhow youcould havedone better,why notoffer yourselfa compassionateresponse“That didntgo asplanned.But,I triedmy best.”A.Feeling upsetagainB.Where doyou startC.Nothing istoo smallto celebrate.D.Remember,youareonly human.E.Set anintention forself-acceptance.F.Stop comparingyourself withothers.G.When doesthe comparisongame start.【答案】38D【解析】根据本文的中心句（原谅自己所犯的错误）及下“Forgive yourselffor mistakesthat youhave made.文的（你会一次又一次地犯错误）“可知，空格处应该“You willmakemistakes,time andtime again.是要解释为什么要原谅自己所犯的错误（因为作为一个普通人，普通人是会犯错的），选项D.（记住，你只是个人）Remember,youareonly human.【经典考例）3（•新高考卷节选）2021I Parisiansare differentfromyouand me.They neverlook lazyor untidy.As someonenotedin thispaperacouple ofweeks ago,they eatgreat foodand nevergain weight.____38French strawberriesdonot tastelike cardboard.Instead,they explodeinyourmouth likelittle flavorbombs.A.Not allthe customersare tourists.B.The qualityof lifein Franceis equallyexcellent.C.There wasa nicekitchen anda comfortablebed.D.The amazingfood ismainly consumedby localfarmers.E.Thats notthe onlyreason theFrench eatless thanwe do.F.Our aim was to see ifwe could live,in someway,like realParisians.G.The food is so delicious that you dontneed much of ittomakeyou happy..【答案】38G【解析】本段讲了巴黎人的饮食习惯，空后的句子提到了法国的草莓很好吃，空格处的句子应该与空后的句子构成例证关系，话题与法国的美食相关，故选项“G The food is sodelicious thatyou dontneed（食物是如此美味，你不需要吃太多就能使你快乐）muchof ittomakeyou happy.【经典考例4]（•山东卷节选）2020Some individualsare bornwithagift forpublic speaking.36Do youwanttobeagood publicspeaker Herearesome principles you must master.People wantto listentosomeonewho isinteresting,relaxed andcomfortable.Too oftenwhenyoustand upto giveaspeech,you fbcuson thepublic“attheexpense ofthe“speaking.“37Focus on the speaking.Talk directlytoyouraudience,be yourselfandmakea connection.A.Do theopposite.B.You wanttobeaneffectivepublic speaker.C.You dontneed toapologize fora minorslip.D.When itcomes topublic speaking,less isusually more.E.The objectiveof mostspeeches isto benefitthe audienceF.Take thefear outof publicspeaking byfocusing onyour listenersG.However,the majorityof peopleare effectivespeakers becausethey traintobe..【答案】36G【解析】空格的前面的句子说（有些人天生就有公开“Some individualsare bornwithagift forpublicspeaking.演讲的天赋）“空格的后面的句子又说“Do youwanttobeagood publicspeakerHerearesome（你想成为一个好的公众演说家吗？这里有一些你必须掌握的原则）很principlesyoumustmaster.”,显然，空格处应该表示转折意义的句子，故选项（然而，大多数人之所以能成为有影响的演讲6者，是因为他们受过训练）与上句转折，引出本文主题——演讲者要训练.【答案】37A【解析】下句是本段主题，建议演讲者把注意力集中在演讲上上句提到一种常见Focuson the speaking.现象，当站起来发表演讲时，演讲者往往会把注意力放在“公众”身上，而不是“演讲”本身上这是错误的做法，项.承上启下，说明了上句做法的错误，引出了下句正确的做A Dotheopposite法，故选A【经典考例5]（•新高考卷节选）20211The placewasnt entirelyauthentic,though.Unlike anormal Parisianapartment,the（水管）plumbing worked.37Our buildingeven hada tinylift witha femalevoice thatsaid,Ouverture desportesJ in perfect French.That isthe onlyFrench phraseI mastered,and itsa shameI donthave muchuse forit.A.Not allthe customersare tourists.B.The qualityof lifein Franceis equallyexcellent.C.There wasa nicekitchen anda comfortablebed.D.The amazingfood ismainly consumedby localfarmers.E.Thats notthe onlyreason theFrench eatless thanwe do.F.Our aimwas to see ifwe couldlive,in someway,like realParisians.G.The foodis sodelicious thatyou dontneed muchof ittomakeyou happy..【答案】37C【解析】根据空格前（水管）（与普通的巴黎公寓不同，“Unlike anormal Parisianapartment,the plumbingworked.管道系统工作正常广可知，空格处应该描述作者所租赁的公寓情况空格后的“Our building（我彳门的大楼even hada tinylift witha femalevoice thatsaid,Ouverture desportes/inperfectFrench.甚至有一个小电梯，一走进去，就会听到一声柔柔的完美的法语Ouverture desportes，）”与空格处的句子构成逻辑上的“层层推进（即递进）”关系，故选项C本题也可以借助语篇结构“总——分”的关系解题关系上一句和下一句都是介绍公寓的基本情况，而且都是好的方面，故与上下文内容一致，C.There wasa nicekitchen anda comfortablebed.基调统一而且本段是总分结构，第一句是总，后面的内容都是介绍公寓基本配套情况，故选C【经典考例6]（•新高考卷节选）2021I My husband and I just spent a week in Paris.36So thefirst thingwe didwas rentafantastically expensive sixth-floor apartmentthe sizeofacupboard.It wasso tinythat wehad toleave oursuitcases inthehallway.A.Not allthe customersare tourists.B.The qualityof lifein Franceis equallyexcellent.C.There wasa nicekitchen anda comfortablebed.D.The amazingfoodismainly consumedby localfarmers.E.Thats notthe onlyreason theFrench eatless thanwe do.F.Our aimwastosee ifwe couldlive,in someway,like realParisians.G.Thefoodissodeliciousthatyoudontneed muchofittomakeyouhappy..【答案】36F【解析】上文（我丈夫和我刚在巴黎待了一周）”说明了背景;“MyhusbandandIjustspentaweekinParis.下文“So thefirst thingwe didwas renta fantasticallyexpensivesixth-floor apartmentthe sizeofa（所以我们做的第一件事就是租了一个非常昂贵公寓，在第六层，只有一个橱柜那么大cupboard.厂是空格处的结果（下文有标志性的词）因此空格处需要填原因；根据项“So,F Ouraimwastosee我们的目标是看看我们是否能在某种程度上像真正ifwecouldlive,in someway,like realParisians4的巴黎人那样生活户可知，作者要在巴黎住下来，所以需要租房子，两句构成因果关系故选F项【经典考例7]（•全国高考卷节选）2020III Ahousewarmingpartyisaspecial partytobeheld whensomeone buysor movesintoa newapartment orhouse.The personwho boughtthehouseor movedistheonewhothrows theparty.The partyisa chancefor friends and family to congratulate the person onthe newhome.36And itis good timeto fillthe newspace withlove andhopeful presents.A.This isntusual though.B.It istraditional tobring agift toahousewarmingparty.C.You canalso bringfood ordrinks toshare withthe otherguests.D.If yourelucky enoughto receivegifts,keep theminasafe place.E.It alsogives peoplea chancetoseewhat thenewhomelooks like.F.The besthousewarming partiesencourage oldfriends toget together.G.This wasso thatthe personcould keeptheir homewarm forthe winter..【答案】36E［解析］上句（这个聚“The partyisachance fbrfriendsandfamilytocongratulatethepersononthenewhome.会是朋友和家人祝贺新家的机会户介绍庆祝乔迁之喜的聚会是亲戚朋友祝贺搬新家的人的——次机会，下句（现在是时候And itisagoodtimeto fillthenewspace withlove andhopefully presents.用爱和希望的礼物来填补新家了）”介绍这也是给新家装满爱和希望礼物的好时机项:它也给E了人们一次看看新家什么样的机会与上下句构成并列关系，都是庆祝乔迁之喜聚会的目的，故选E热点解读）

三、段尾设变的主要考点首段末句设空的考点承上启下句，引出全文要谈的几个方面（段落）；全文主题句；段落末句设空的考点段落主题句/总结句（往往与段落开头呼应）；（承上启下）过渡句或细节支撑句（与空前或空后内容形成某种内在的逻辑关系）；全文末句设空的考点全文的总结句（往往与文章开头呼应）满分技巧【满分技巧］借助“南呼后应”解题1尾句要跟段首句呼应以及要跟前文中的一两句呼应【满分技巧］借助“瞻前顾后”斛题1先看空格前的句子看是否与尾句有关联如果看不出，就要考虑看下一段的首句，看看是否有关联O【满分技巧】借助“逻辑优先”解题1分析尾句与空格的前句之间的逻辑关系【经典考例】1（,全国新课标卷节选）2017III Keepyour sleep/wake scheduleon weekends.If youretired outby Fridaynight,sleeping inon Saturdaycould soundwonderful.But compensatingontheweekends actuallyfeeds intoyour sleepinessthefollowing week,a recentstudy found.39Keep arecord andevaluate itweekly.Keep trackofyourefforts andwrite downhowyoufeel.After youvetried a（）new methodforaweek,takealook atyour record.40If thesteps youtake areworking,keep itup.If not,take anotherlookat othermethods youcould try.A.Get asleep specialist.B.Find theright motivation.C.A betterplan forsleep canhelp.。