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重难点•阅读理解012023年高考英语【热点・重点・难点】专练（新高考专用）命题趋势新高考阅读理解两年（2021-2022）之体裁和主题内容统计年份语篇卷别体裁主题内容I卷应用文文学概论课程评分办法A篇II卷应用文儿童博物馆团体游I卷说明文以实际行动减少食物浪费B篇II卷记叙文新型阅读体验2022新I卷新闻报道养鸡提升老年人幸福感高C篇II卷说明文使用Textalyzer（短信监控器）的技术来监控司机在开车I卷说明文饮食变化带来发音变化D篇II卷说明文锻炼对于心脏的好处I卷应用文罗马的四个旅馆A篇II卷应用文约克郡的四个活动I卷记叙文介绍钢琴翻页的职业B篇II卷记叙文作者照顾老虎2021新高I卷说明文湿地破坏，保护环境C篇II卷记叙文捐资助学I卷说明文情商是品质还是技能D篇II卷说明文机器人监测牧牛的健康状况两年阅读理解考得最多的文体是“说明文”，其次为“记叙文”，再次为“应用文”，而“议论文”则没有涉及在“三新（新课标新教材新高考）”背景下，2023年是否要考“议论文”体裁的阅读理解，我们将拭目以待从上述统计来看，记叙文体裁的阅读理解题似有减少的趋势（2021记叙文为3篇，而2022记叙文1篇+新闻报道〈记叙为主＞1篇），但不管怎么变，记叙文体裁的阅读理解应该在高考中是不会缺席的高考have goodluck.・・Dargye sangas heworked on his handmadebag.Dargye,56,an artistwho excelsat traditionalcraftsmanship and Tibetan folk music in Drinba village in Dragyibdistrict,Nyingchi,Tibet autonomousregion,remembers manyfolk songshe learnedfrom hisfather anduncle.Now,itshis turn to pass them on.“I haveliked traditionalsongs and dances since I wasa child,“said Dargye,who hasfour apprentices（学徒）.“Thesongs tellthe historiesof ourancestors andcarry ourunique culture,and-its alwaysa lot of funto performthesetraditional songs and dancesat variousgatherings.The songtopics varyfrom archery,love,to laborand praisefor theland.In additionto teachingthese songsto/his familymembers andapprentices,he alsouses socialmedia platformssuchas WeChatto teachsongs.His daughter,Chok Butri,also admires the folk culture.After postinga videoof herdaughter,Tsering Kyi,dancingon Douyin,she gained a lotof new fans on the popular short-video platform.66We aremodern peopleliving ina modernera,so itsimportant and our responsibility that we use modern tools to pass on our traditional culture to make it lastfbrever.said Chok Butri,adding thatshe oftenposts songs and danceson WeChat and Douyin.Dargye andhis fellowvillagers alsorecreate songs,adding modernelements suchas aircraftand trainsto thelyrics.Besides singingand dancing,Dargye makeshandicrafts decorated with Tibetan cultural elements,including varioushideand hair ropes,bags madeof leatherand cloth,and knifesheaths.The localgovernment encouragesvillagers to inherit（继承）and developfolk songsand other forms of traditionalculture.Dargyes effortsto preservefolk culturehave beenacknowledged by the government.In2014,he waschosen asa county-level intangible（无形的）cultural inheritorand receives funds every year.A.He wantsto satisfyhis interest.B.He wantsto learnfrom theseniors.
24.Why doesDargye wantto passthe culture onC.He wantsto bringpeople fun.D.He wantstoinheritand developit.A.To showfolk musicseffect on her.B.To stressDargyes influenceonher.C.To emphasizeher lovefor folk culture.D.To revealthe popularityof folk culture online.
26.Which of the followingbest describes DargyeA.Ambitious andhonest.B.Talented andcurious.C.Devoted and creative.D.Generous anddetermined.
27.What canbe asuitable titlefor thetextA.All effortsto preserve culture payoff.B.Craftsman carriestunes to preserve culture.C.An artistprefers traditionalsongsanddances.D.Tibetan cultureis beingprotected andpassed on.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文文章主要介绍了一个藏族艺术家通过自己的努力，发扬和传承藏族的
25.What is the authorspurpose inmentioning Dargyes daughter音乐舞蹈艺术以及手工艺艺术，也得到了政府部门的认可
24.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题根据题干关键信息“passthecultureon”定位到第二段的最后一句话“Now,ifs histurntopassthem on（现在，轮到他把它们传递下去了）”以及最后一段“The localgovernment encouragesvillagers toinherit anddevelopfolk songsand otherforms oftraditional culture.Dargyes effortsto preservefolkculturehave beenacknowledgedby thegovernment.（当地政府鼓励村民继承和发展民歌和其他形式的传统文化Dargye为保护民间文化所做的努力得到了政府的肯定）”可知，达吉斯想要把文化传承下去，因为他想耍继承和发展它，故选D
25.【答案】B【解析】推理判断题根据题干关键信息“Dargyesdaughter”定位到文章第四段“His daughter,Chok Butri,alsoadmires thefolkculture.After postinga videoof herdaughter,Tsering Kyi,dancing onDouyin,she gaineda lotofnewfanson thepopularshort-video platform.We aremodern peopleliving ina modemera,so itsimportantandourresponsibilitythatweusemoderntoolstopassonourtraditionalcultureto makeitlastfbrever.said Chok Butri,adding thatshe oftenposts songsanddanceson WeChatand Douyin.（他的女儿ChokButri也很欣赏当地的民俗文化在抖音上发布了女儿次仁季跳舞的视频后，她在这个流行的短视频平台上获得了很多新粉丝“我们是生活在现代时代的现代人，所以使用现代工具来传承我们的传统文化是很重要的，也是我们的责任ChokButri说，她经常在微信和抖音上发布歌舞户可知，文章围绕Dargye对传统文化的传承和发扬为核心，因此提及他女儿的事迹是为了强调他对他女儿的影响，故选B
26.【答案】C【解析】推理判断题根据题干关键信息“describesDargye”定位到文章第二段“Dargye,56,an artistwho excelsattraditional craftsmanshipandTibetanfolkmusicinDrinbavillageinDragyib district,Nyingchi,Tibetautonomous region,remembers manyfolk songshe learnedfrom hisfather anduncle.Now,ifs histurn topassthem on.（Dargye,56岁,西藏自治区林芝德拉吉布区德林巴村的一名擅长传统工艺和藏族民间音乐的艺术家，还记得他从父亲和叔叔那里学来的许多民歌现在，轮到他把它们传递下去了广可知，他致力于藏族文化的传承；根据文章倒数第二段“Dargye andhis fellowvillagers alsorecreate songs,adding modernelements suchas aircraftand trainsto thelyrics.Besides singingand dancing,Dargye makeshandicraftsdecoratedwithTibetanculturalelements,including varioushide andhairropes,bags madeofleather andcloth,and knifesheaths.（Dargye和他的村民们还重新创作了歌曲，在歌词中加入了飞机和火车等现代元素除了唱歌和跳舞，达格耶还制作带有西藏文化元素的手工艺品，包括各种皮绳和毛绳，皮革和布制成的包，以及刀鞘）”可知，他擅长唱歌，跳舞，手工艺，并且会采用一些创新的方式来进行传播由此可知，Dargye是一个热衷和有创造力的人，故选C
27.【答案】B【解析】主旨大意题根据文章最后一段“The localgovernment encouragesvillagers toinherit（继承）and developfolksongsandotherformsoftraditionalculture.Dargyes effortstopreservefolkculturehave beenacknowledgedbythegovernment.In2014,he waschosen asacounty-level intangible（无形的）culturalinheritor andreceivesfundseveryyear.（当地政府鼓励村民继承和发展民歌和其他形式的传统文化Dargye为保护民间文化所做的努力得到了政府的肯定2014年，他被选为县级非物质文化传承人，每年都得到资助）“可知，Dargye作为一个艺术家，通过音乐舞蹈以及其他方式来传播藏族文化由此可知，B选项Craftsman carriestunes topreserveculture（手艺人通过传播歌曲来保护文化）适合作本文标题，故选BPassage3（2022•福建三明高三期中）1enjoy throwing stuff away.Td loveto gofull minimalism（极简主义），but mywifeand two teenage kids do not share my dream of a housewith almostnothing init.I havetried.When the kids werelittle,I taughtthem mytwo favoritegames一Do WeNeed It”and PutIt in Its Place一and madethem playevery fewmonths.Their enthusiasmnever matchedmine.If Imgoing to be honest,my owntidying skillsare not as greatas Idlike.My discardedpile isnever quitethetrash mountain I want because I make up excuses for why thingsare useful.I considerthis unhealthy.I wantto bebetterat movingon.So,this timeI foundhelp-the classicsfor people like me:The Life-Changing Magicof TidyingUp,by MarieKondo.Kondos commitmentto her craft is astonishing.Her philosophyis onlyto keepthings youlove.Can Igo fullKondoI willtry.One centralidea is to cleanby category.You startby collectingall clothesand gatheringthemtogether forconsideration.It makesyou rethinkhow youorganize.Next,hold eachitem andask ifit bringsyou joy.This wayyoure choosingwhat to keep.And thafshow Ifind myselfwith allmy clotheson mybedroom floor.My wifewalksby andgives mea lookthat saysIm nuts.Shes probablynot wrong.Somewhere nearthe bottomof thischaos ismy specialjacket.I movethrough thepile:pants,shirts,suits andshoes.Then mylast category:jackets.I haventworn thething inabout30years.Somehow,it hassurvived.Now thatImstriving tofollow Kondo-surely,its timehas comeIhold itin myhand.There is a tearjust belowthe collarthat widensas Ihold it.Its literallyfalling apart.Will Ieverwear itagain Nota chance.Does itfeel good to wearDoes itbring mejoy Actually,yes.At thismoment,mydaughter walksin.She asksabout the jacket.I tellher thestory.She thinksI shouldkeep it.Ifs cooland uniqueand fullofmemories.She isarguing thatnostalgiaf怀念）is thevery reason.Im notentirely convincedby mydaughters arguments.I believein lookingahead,not backward.Nevertheless,sometimes itshard to let go.So Igently placethe jacketon the“keep”pile.
24.What is the attitudeof the authors familymembers towardminimalismA.They dontunderstand it.B.They completelysupport it.C.They arestrongly opposedto it.D.They areless passionateabout it.
25.What doesthe underlinedword discarded“probably mean in Paragraph2A.adjusted B.reserved C.abandoned D.tidied
26.What drivesthe authorto readThe Life-Changing Magicof TidyingUpA.To learnhow tocategorize.B.To improvehis tidying skills.C.To persuadehis familymembers.D.To developpassion forminimalism.
27.Whafs the best titlefor thetextA.Knowing whentolet go B.Classifying whatyou loveC.Throwing worn-out clothesD.Keeping valuablepossessions【语篇导读】本文是记叙文作者喜欢完全的极简主义风格，但家人并不支持他，为了提高整理技巧，作者去读了《改变生活的整理魔法》在整理满地的衣服时，作者发现了难以舍弃的夹克衫，又把它放在了“保留”堆里
24.【答案】D【解析】推理判断题根据题干关键信息“minimalism”定位到第一段“I enjoythrowingstuffaway.Td loveto gofullminimalism（极简主义），but mywife andtwoteenagekidsdonotsharemydreamof ahouse withalmostnothing init.I havetried.When thekids werelittle,I taughtthem mytwo favoritegames-Do WeNeedIt andTut ItinItsPlace9-and madethem playevery fewmonths.Their enthusiasmnever matchedmine.（我喜欢扔掉东西我喜欢完全的极简主义风格，但我的妻子和两个十几岁的孩子不喜欢我那种几乎什么都没有的房子的梦想我已经试过了当孩子们还小的时候，我教他们我最喜欢的两个游戏——“我们需要它吗和《放回原处》——每隔几个月就让他们演奏一次他们的热情永远比不上我）可知，家人们对极简主义不那么有激情，故选D
25.【答案】C【解析】词义猜测题根据第二段If Imgoing to be honest,my owntidyingskillsare not as greatas Idlike.My“discarded“pile isnever quitethe trashmountainI wantbecauseImakeupexcusesforwhythings areuseful.”（说实话，我自己的整理技能并没有我想要的那么好我的“discarded”堆从来都不是我想要的垃圾山，因为我为东西为什么有用找借口）可知，爱整理的作者，整理出来要扔弃的不是自己想要的垃圾山故划线词意思是丢弃，近义词是abandoned,故选C
26.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题根据题干关键信息“刀zeL诧-C痴华山历淀位到第三段S,this timeI foundhelp-theclassics forpeople likeme:The Life-Changing Magicof TidyingUp,by MarieKondo.Kondoscommitment to hercraftisastonishing.Her philosophyis onlyto keepthings youlove「（所以，这次我找到了帮助——为像我这样的人准备的经典书籍:近藤麻理惠的《改变生活的整理魔法》近藤对她的技艺的投入是惊人的她的哲学是只保留自己喜欢的东西），结合第二段“Iwantto bebetter atmovingon.”（我想更好地继续前进）可知，提高他的整理技巧是驱使作者去读《改变生活的整理魔法》，故选B
27.【答案】A【解析】主旨大意题通读全文以及根据最后一段“I believein lookingahead,not backward.Nevertheless,sometimes itshard toletgo.So Igently placethejacketon the“keep”pile.（我相信向前看，而不是向后看然而，有时候放手是很难的所以我轻轻地把夹克放在“保留那一堆）可知，作者一直坚持极简主义风格，但是在整理过程中也遇到了难以取舍的物品，所以本文围绕着“在收纳过程中知道什么时候放手”的主题展开“知道什么时候放手”适合做最佳标题，故选APassage4（2022•广东广州市五中高三阶段练）Last month,I wassorting throughan oldbox whenI cameacross a timecapsule,in purpleand greenfloss（丝线）.Faded andworm,it wasa friendshipbracelet^手链）一an importantpart ofmyteenage summers.Holding itin myhand mademe thinkabout thoseprecious memoriesof childhood,which my kidswill neverknow firsthand.My handiworkwasnt beautiful.But whatI rememberis thebeauty of the offering:slipping somethinginto afriends hand and knowing it would always be with them.The experiencewas intoxicating;physical andconcrete,likethe seriousbusiness ofexchanging weddingrings,it wasa symbolof anunbreakable bond.Those braceletsrepresentedhow muchwe meantto eachother,atatime whenour friendswere becomingthe centerof ourlives.I sleptwith mybracelets andshowered with them.I worethem allsummer longat camp.And Iacquired newbraceletsfrom friendsthere-friends whoreceived carefullycrafted braceletsfrom mein return,as wesaid ourtearfulend-of-summer goodbyes.I thoughthaving themhelped easethe painof leavingmy friends.But nowI seethat theywerereally helpingme toleave behindchildhood.My kidsdont go to summercamp.They certainlydont exchangeanything asuncool asbracelets with their friends.They hangout onDiscord（——种聊天软件）in chatsthat onlypause butnever end.Our eldestson endlesslytexts onhis cellphone ashe andhis friendsmake oneanother talkingemojis andTikTok videos.Their relationshipswith theirphones leaveno timeor spacefor writingletters ormaking bracelets,and theirgiftsto oneanother leaveno clearand definitetraces.There willbe noboxes ofletters to sort years from now nor any hiddenbracelets tofind.They will have littleto physically hold onto.
24.Why doesthe author associate abracelet with atime capsuleA.It isfaded andworn.B.It remindsher of her childhood.C.It isshaped likea capsule.D.It wasmade bythe authorherself.
25.What doesthe underlinedword“intoxicating“mean inParagraph2A.Professional.B.Temporary.C.Exciting.D.Strange.
26.Why doesthe authorthink her kids childhoodis differentfrom hersA.They makemore friendsat summercamp.B.They spendtoo muchtime ontheir cellphones.C.They areunwilling togive bracelets to parents.D.They oftensend hand-made giftsto theirfriends.
27.What canbeinferred about the friendship braceletsA.They provedthe authorskids hadmuch to physicallyhold onto.B.They representedboth theauthor and her kidsunforgettable childhood.C.They gavemeaning to the authorschildhood ina wayher kidswill neverknow.D.They recalledthe authorsdeep sorrowof leavingclose friendsat summercamp.【语篇导读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文讲述了作者发现了一条手链，让她回想起童年和朋友们交换礼物，也感叹如今手机等电子设备的出现，孩子们沉浸于虚拟世界，聊天软件，而失去了这种交流的方式
24.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题根据题干关键信息“timecapsule”定位到第一段中的“an importantpart ofmy teenagesummers（这是我十几岁的夏日里很重要的一部分广可知，这串手链与作者童年的夏天有着重要的联系，所以把手链与时间胶囊联系起来正是因为手链让作者想到了自己童年的夏天，故选
25.【答案】CBo［解析］词句猜测题根据划线词前面“My handiworkwasnt beautiful.But whatI rememberis thebeauty of theoffering:slipping somethinginto afriendshand andknowingitwouldalwaysbewiththem.（我的手艺不漂亮但我记得的是礼物的美妙之处把一些东西塞进朋友的手里，并知道它将永远与她们在一起）”可知，作者的手工艺品并不是很美，但是当把它送给朋友时意义变得深刻所以这些回忆应该是很美好的，那么这里也需要选择一个褒义词，C选项exciting意为“令人激动的，令人兴奋的”与划线词对应，故选C
26.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题根据题干关键信息“kids，childhood”定位到倒数第二段中的“They hangout onDiscord（——种聊天软件）in chatsthat onlypause butnever end.Our eldestson endlesslytexts onhiscellphoneas heandhis friendsmake oneanother talkingemojis andTikTok videos.（他们在Discord上聊天，聊天只会暂停，但永远不会结束我们的大儿子不停地在手机上发短信，他和朋友们互相制作聊天表情包和抖音视频）“可知，作者认为与以前不同的是现在的孩子们花太多的时间在手机上，故选B
27.【答案】C【解析】推理判断题根据题干关键信息“friendshipbracelets”定位到最后一段中的“There willbe noboxes ofletterstosortyearsfromnownoranyhiddenbraceletstofind.They will have littletophysicallyholdonto.（数年后，再也不会有一箱箱的信件需要分类，也不会有隐藏的手链需要找到他们将没有什么可以真正依靠的东西）”可知，代表友谊的手链只有作者有，她的孩子没有作者提到了手链让她想起了美妙的童年生活，而这种感受当今的孩子们是无法体会的，因为他们大多数沉浸在虚拟世界这些手链以一种她的孩子们永远不会知道的方式赋予了作者童年的意义,故选CoPassage5（2022・5胡1匕高三期中）As Iwrite thisblog on23rd April,most of the UKwillhave been stuckat home for awhole month since23rd March.As weadjust to the physicalchallenges brought about bycoronavirus,it willcome asnosurprise whenI saythat our language is also beingaffected bythe currentsituation.We have all learnedsome newvocabulary:coronavirus beingone of them.For many,it wasprobably the first time（）they realisedthat coronameans crown-like\referring to the shapeof thevirus itself.There isplenty ofotherterminology relatedtothevirus:CO VID-19,epidemic,pandemic,self-isolation,super-spreader.All of a sudden,the（pandemic has peoplelike you and me with no medicalbackgrounds talkinglike trueepidemiologists specialists who）study diseases.More importantly,the effectsof the pandemic and the nationwidelockdown onour languageuse extendwaybeyond thevocabulary wemight slipin duringour videochats with family,friends,and colleagues.With theclosure of schoolsand universities,most bilingual students nowlive at home wherethey areimmersed ina linguisticenvironment,where onthe onehand,they arelosing hundredsof contacthours withEnglish-speaking peers.On theotherhand,this mightbe anopportunity for them todevelop theirabilities in their homelanguages.Similar linguisticchanges canbe observedamong thosewho mostlycommunicate only in English too,for instance,in termsof theiraccents.After beingin thesame spacewith our family for a wholemonth,some ofus mightstart tosoundmore andmore likeourfamily-partly becausewe allunconsciously accommodateto peoplewe frequentlytalk to.In thissense,what thisnational lockdowndoes toour accentsis likewhen wehave beenon an extended holidayabroadwith the family.Maybe when we canfinally socialiseagain,we willbe able to guesswhere eachothers roommates arefrom.
24.What isthe currentsituation inParagraph1A.People in the UKhave tostay at home.B.We havegot used totheenvironment.C.Coronavirus isaffecting ourlanguage.D.People facethe challengeof thevirus.
25.What doesthe nationwidelockdown bringfor bilingualstudentsA.Chatting withrelatives online.B.Losing contactwith classmates.C.Fewer Englishpracticing hours.D.A lackof learningenvironment.
26.What,sthemain idea of the last paragraphA.The waywe communicatechanges.B.We speakwith moreaccents.C.We caneasily identifyothers.D.Our accentsare beingchanged.
27.Whafs theauthors tonein writingthis articleA.Cautious.B.Critical.C.Pessimistic.D.Humorous.【语篇导读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，讲述作者在疫情封锁期间注意到居家对于语言的影响
25.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题根据题干关键信息“bilingualstudents”定位到第三段中的“With theclosureofschools anduniversities,most bilingualstudents nowlive athome wherethey areimmersed ina linguisticenvironment,where onthe onehand,they arelosing hundredsof contacthours withEnglish-speakingpeers.（随着中小学和大学的关闭，大多数双语学生现在住在家里，他们沉浸在语言环境中，一方面，他们失去了与说英语的同龄人接触的数百个小时）”可知，随着学校的关闭，大多数的双语学生只能居家学习在这样的语言环境中，他们不能和说英语的同学接触,从而失去了大量练习英语的时间由此可知，全国范围内的封锁使双语学生的英语练习时间减少，故选C
26.【答案】B【解析】主旨大意题根据最后一段“Similar linguisticchanges canbe observedamong thosewho mostlycommunicateonlyinEnglishtoo,for instance,in termsof theiraccents.（在那些主要只用英语交流的人身上也可以观察到类似的语言变化，例如他们的口音厂可知，本段第一句话就讲到对于只用英语为交流工具的人来说，也有相似的影响，主要体现在他们的方言上由于与家人或室友在一起的时间更多，人们会无意识地适应和我们对话的人的方言，所以语言上会越来越像家人或室友，多少都会带上对方的方言由此可知，最后一段主要讲的是我们说话有了更多的口音，故选B
27.【答案】D【解析】推理判断题根据第二段“All ofa sudden,thepandemichaspeoplelikeyouandmewith nomedicalbackgrounds talkinglike trueepidemiologists（specialistswhostudydiseases）.（突然之间，大流彳亍让像你我这样没有医学背景的人像真正的流行病学家〈研究疾病的专家＞一样交谈）”以及最后一段“In thissense,what thisnational lockdowndoes toour accentsis likewhenwehavebeenon anextendedholiday abroadwiththefamily.Maybe whenwe canfinally socialiseagain,we willbe able to guesswhereeach othersroommatesarefrom.（从这个意义上说，全国封锁对我们口音的影响就像我们和家人在国外度长假一样也许当我们终于可以重新社交时，我们就能猜出彼此的室友来自哪里了）“可知，作者使用“All ofa sudden,withnobackgrounds,true,anextendedholiday,be ableto guess”等词，可以看出作者是用一种轻松幽默的语气写这篇文章的，故选D记叙文体裁阅读理解的命题一直都比较稳定着重考查细节理解题和推理判断题，兼顾其他题型热点解读）记叙文是指以“记叙或夹叙夹议”为主的文章，即讲明过去已经发生、当前正在发生亦或是未来可能发生的事情，并发表一定的议论或看法记叙文按文体分又可以细分为小说、时文/新闻报道、人物传记及奇闻轶事等记叙文按题材分又分为写人的记叙文和叙事的记叙文，人不离事，事不离人，但写作对象和写作目的有区别写人的记叙文以人为写作的对象，更加注重对人的外表和心理进行描写，以突出人物的性格特点；而叙事的记叙文以事件为写作的对象，揭示事件对人、对社会的思想及教育意义高考记叙文阅读理解题设问的一般顺序为按照文章段落的顺序依次设置命题的切入点往往从故事的情节、人物或事件之间的关系、作者的意图和态度、故事的前因和后果等方面入手记叙文的阅读，要特别关注以下几点关注描写人物的时间顺序（顺叙、倒叙和插叙）、生活背景、实践经历、所说名言;关注故事的（情节）发生，发展、高潮和结局；关注故事所蕴含的哲理意义，尤要关注故事结尾的升华；关注对话的风趣性，感受幽默的精髓；关注“首段”和“段首”（尤其是对新闻报道类的记叙文如此），抓住文章的主旨句，把握文章大意和作者写作意图满分技巧
一、识题材，明重点识别原文是以写人为主的记叙文还是以叙事为主的记叙文，以明确阅读时的重点对于写人的记叙文，要把握文中针对人物学习以及工作情况的描写，并且理顺人物所经历事情的顺序针对人物不同年龄阶段做过的事情、说过的话进行理解，有重点地把握人物性格特征对于叙事的记叙文，要迅速的在文章中找出记叙文的六个要素（when,who,where,what,why,how）理清事件o
二、看题干，定区间发展的顺序，重点了解整个事情的来龙去脉，以把握作者所要表达的主要意图除了主旨题以外的题目，大多数题目顺序与原文中各信息要点顺序一致针对这些题目，可以采用区间定位的方法，根据题干信息锁定相应的区间进行研读后去解题解题时要有针对性的运用恰当的方法（见本系列资料重难点01-1阅读理解之题型剖析）去解不同的题型
三、守原则，辨真伪在做记叙文体裁的阅读理解题时，需要遵循三个原则主旨原则、问题优先原则、证据原则
1.阅读理解的题目通常会围绕主旨或主线，违背主旨的选项一般不是正确答案；与主旨无关的选项或原文中细枝末节的信息，即便选项内容正确，一般也不是正确答案
2.考生在做阅读理解时，应先看问题不看选项（如果又看题干又看选项，可能会被选项的众多信息所干扰，而且也不容易记住选项信息），然后根据题干信息去文中寻找答案信息，再将找到的信息与选项进行匹配
3.考生在答题时一定要有证据意识，即所有答案一定都能在原文中找到出处或根据切忌根据自己的主观想法答题，或是根据常识判断，否则很容易误选答案【经典考例1］（引用原题号，以下同）（2020•新高考I卷/山东卷B篇）Jenifer Mauerhas neededmore willpowerthan thetypical collegestudent topursue her goalof earninga nursingdegree.That willpowerbore fruitwhen Jennifergraduated fromUniversity ofWisconsin-Eau Claireand becamethe firstin herlarge familyto earna bachelorsdegree.Mauer,of Edgar,Wisconsin,grew upon afarm ina familyof10children.Her dadworked ata jobaway from thefarm,and hermother ranthe farmwiththekids.After highschool,Jennifer attendeda localtechnical college,working topay her tuition（学费）,because therewas noextra moneyset asidefor acollege education.After graduation,she workedtohelp her sisters and brothers payfor theirschooling.Jennifer nowis marriedand hasthree childrenofher own.She decidedto goback tocollege toadvance hercareerand tobe ableto bettersupport her family whiledoing somethingshe loves:nursing.She chosethe UW-Eau Claireprogram at MinistrySaint Josephs Hospital in Marshfield because she was abletopursueherfour-year degreeclose tohome.She coulddrive toclass andbe homein theevening tohelp with her kids.Jenifer receivedgreat supportfrom herfamilyas sheworked toearn her degree:Her husbandworked twojobs tocover thebills,andher68-year-old motherhelpedtake care ofthechildren attimes.Through itall,she remainedin goodacademic standingand graduated with honors.Jennifer sacrificed（牺牲）toachieve her goal,giving upmany nightswith her kids andmissing importantevents tostudy.Some nightsmy heartwasbreaking to have topick betweenmykids and studyingfor examsor papersJ shesays.However,her childrenhavelearned an important lesson witnessing their mother earn herdegree.Jennifer isa first-generation graduateand aninspiration toherfamily-and thatspretty powerful.
24.What didJennifer doafter highschoolA.She helpedher dadwith hiswork.B.She ranthefamilyfarm onherown.C.She supportedherself throughcollege.D.She taughthersistersandbrothersathome.
25.Why didJennifer choosethe programat MinistrySaint JosephsHospital inMarshfieldA.To takecare ofherkidseasily.B.To learnfrom thebest nurses.C.To savemoney forher parents.D.To finda well-paid jobthere.
26.What didJennifer sacrificeto achieve her goalA.Her health.B.Her timewith family.C.Her reputation.D.Her chanceof promotion.
27.What canwe learnfrom Jenifer^storyA.Time ismoney.B.Love breaksdown barriers.C.Hard workpays off.D.Education isthe keyto success.【语篇导读】这是一篇以写人为主的记叙文文章主要讲述了Jennifer在家里不能提供大学教育的情况下,通过自己的努力，以及家人的帮助完成了四年学位她的努力不仅让自己以优异的成绩毕业，还给家人，尤其是她的三个孩子树立了榜样，让他们得到了激励
28.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题根据题干中After highschool定位到第二段的After highschool,Jennifer attendeda localtechnicalcollege,working topayhertuition,because therewas noextra moneyset asidefor acollege education^高中毕业后，Jennifer上了一所当地的技术学院来支付她的学费，因为家里没有额外的钱用来支付大学教育）可知，高中毕业后Jennifer通过自己挣钱来完成大学教学，因为家里没有额外的钱C.She supportedherself throughcollege.（她自食其力读完了大学）符合以上说法，故选C项
29.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题根据题干中的at MinistrySaint JosephsHospital inMarshfield定位到第三段的She chosetheUW-Eau ClaireprogramatMisnistry SaintJosephsHospitalinMarshfieldbecauseshewasableto pursueherfour-year degreeclose tohome.She coulddrive toclass andbe homein theevening tohelp withherkids.（她选择了位于马什菲尔德的圣约瑟夫医院的UW-Eau Claire项目,因为她可以在离家近的地方攻读四年的学位她可以开车去上课，晚上可以回家照顾孩子）可知，Jennifer选择位于马什菲尔德的圣约瑟夫医院的UW-Eau Claire项目是因为离家近，这样便于照顾她的三个孩子A.To takecareofher kidseasily.（为了方便照顾她的孩子）符合以上说法,故选A项
30.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题根据题干中的Jennifer sacri行ced to achievehergoal定位到最后一段的Jennifer sacrificed（toachievehergoal,giving upmany nightswithherkidsandmissing importantevents tostudy.Jennifer为了实现自己的目标牺牲了很多，她放弃了很多个和孩子待在一起的晚上，错过了很多重要的活动）可知，为了实现自己的目标Jennifer放弃了和家人待在一起的时光B.Her timewithfamily.（她与家人的时光）符合以上说法，故选B项
31.【答案】C【解析】推理判断题根据题干中的sacrifice定位到最后一段的Through itall,she remindin goodacademicstanding andgraduatedwithhonors.（虽然经历了这些，但她一直保持着良好的学术地位,并以优异的成绩毕业）和However,her childrenhave learnedanimportantlessonwitnessingtheirmotherearnherdegree.Jennifer isa first-generation graduateandaninspirationtoherfamily-and thatsthe prettypowerful.（然而，她的孩子们在见证母亲获得学位的过程中得到了重要的一课Jennifer是第一代毕业生，这对她的家庭来说是一种激励——这是非常强大的）可知，Jennifer在艰苦的环境中通过自己的努力不仅以优异的成绩毕业，还给孩子树立了榜样，同时也让家人得到了激励由此推测，我们可以从Jennifer的故事中学到努力总会有回报C.Hard workpays off.（努力会得到回报）符合以上说法，故选C项【经典考例2】（2022•新高考II卷B M）We journalistslive ina newage ofstorytelling,with manynew multimediatools.Manyyoung peopledont evenrealize itsnew.For them,its justnormal.This hit homefor me as I was sitting with my2-year-old grandsonon asofa overthe SpringFestival holiday.I hadbroughtachildrens bookto read.It hadsimple wordsand colorfulpictures——a perfectmatch forhis age.Picture this:my grandsonsitting onmy lapas Ihold thebook in front sohe cansee thepictures.As Iread,hereaches outand pokes（戳）the pagewith hisfinger.Whafs upwith thatHe justlikes thepictures,I thought.Then Iturned thepage andcontinued.He pokedthe pageevenharder.I nearlydropped thebook.I wasconfused:Is theresomething wrongwith thiskidThen Irealized whatwas happening.He wasactually astranger to books.His fatherfrequently amusedthe boywitha tablet computer whichwas loadedwith colorfulpictures thatcome alivewhen youpoke them.He thoughtmystorybook waslike that.Sorry,kid.This bookis notpart ofyour high-tech worldIts anoutdated,lifeless thing.An antique,like yourgrandfather.Well,I maybe old,but Im not hopelesslychallenged,digitally speaking.I editvideo andproduce audio.Iuse mobilepayment.Tve evenbuilt websites.Theres onenotable gapin mynew-media experience,however:Ive spentlittle timein frontofacamera,since Ihave a face made for radio.But thatdidnt stopChina Dailyfrom askingme lastweek toshare apersonal storyfora videoproject about the integrationof Beijing,Tianjin andHebei province.Anyway,grandpa isnow aninternet star-two minutesof fame!I promisenot tolet itgotomy head.But Iwill makesuremy2-year-old grandsonsees itonhistablet.
24.What dothe underlinedwords“hit homefor me“mean inparagraph2A.Provided shelterfor me.B.Became veryclear tome.C.Took thepressure offme.D.Worked quitewell onme.
25.Why didthekidpoke thestorybookA.He tookit fora tabletcomputer.B.He dislikedthe colorfulpictures.C.He wasangry withhis grandpa.D.He wantedto readit byhimself.
26.What doestheauthorthink ofhimselfA.Socially ambitious.B.Physically attractive.C.Financially independent.D.Digitally competent.
27.What canwe learnabouttheauthorasa journalistA.He lacksexperience inhis job.B.He seldomappears ontelevision.C.He managesavideodepartment.D.He ofteninterviews internetstars.【语篇导读】这是一篇以叙事为主的记叙文文章讲述了当今社会人们把多媒体阅读当作日常，以及作者对于这种现象的切身体会和感想处理此类记叙文要注意作者很少直接表达观点，考生需要锁定文中关键信息，透过现象看本质，了解作者的真正意图
24.【答案】B【解析】词句猜测题利用原句（意）与选项比对解句意猜测题寻找原句前后的关键信息，细读并分析这些关键信息，推断出原句的大体意思，将其与备选项进行比对，内容契合度最高的就是正确答案划线部分所在句子位于第二段首句，并且它的主语为代词“this”，故判断this指代的内容为第一段中所谈到的问题那么可以大体推断“hithomeforme”与“问题”有关，经过比对B选项最有可能是答案结合画线词后文“asI wassittingwithmy2-year-old grandsonon asofa overthe SpringFestival holiday.”推断画线部分的意思是“我真正意识到这个问题”，故选Bhit home击中要害、深深打动，真正意识到
25.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题根据题干中的关键词“poke”可以把答案的区间定位在第3-5段第5段He wasactually astrangertobooks.His fatherfrequently amusedthe boywithatabletcomputer...He thoughtmy storybookwaslike that.可知，事实上，他对书本并不熟悉他的父亲经常用一台装有彩色图片的平板电脑逗他开心……他认为我的故事书就是那样的，由此可知孩子戳故事竹是因为他把它当成了平板电脑了，故选A
26.【答案】D【解析】推理判断题本题考查处于多媒体阅读时代的作者的自我评价根据备选项中的关键词“digitally，可以精准定位到“Well,I maybe old,but Imnot hopelesslychallenged,digitally speaking.我也许已经年纪很大了，但是，从数码技术角度讲，我并不是挑战无望”即面对数码时代带来的挑战，作者并不是感到无望作者认为自己有能力面对数码时代带来的挑战，故选D
27.【答案】B【解析】推理判断题带着题干读最后两段，我们会发现答案在倒数第二段中“Theres onenotable gapin mynew-media experience,however:Ive spentlittle timeinfrontofacamera,sinceIhaveafacemadeforradio.（然而，在我的新媒体体验中有一个明显的差距我在镜头前的时间很少，因为我的脸是为电台而生的广可推知，作者作为记者他很少在电视上露脸，故选B【经典考例3】（2022•新高考I卷C篇）The elderlyresidents（居民）in care homes inLondon arebeing givenhens tolook aftertostop themfeeling lonely.The projectwas dreamedup bya localcharity（慈善组织）to reduce loneliness andimprove elderly peopleswellbeing,It isalsobeingusedtohelp patientssuffering dementia,a seriousillness ofthe mind.Staff incare homeshavereported areduction in the useof medicinewhere hensare inuse.Among thosetaking part in the project is80-year-old Ruth Xavier.She said:I usedtokeephens whenI wasyoungerand hadto preparetheir breakfasteach morningbefore Iwent toschool.“I likethe projectalot.I amdown therein mywheelchair inthe morningletting the hens outand downthere againatnight to see theyvegone tobed.”“Its goodto havea different focus.People havebeen bringing their children in tosee thehens and residents comeandsit outsideto watchthem.Tm enjoyingthe creative activities,and it feels great to have done something useful.”There arenow700elderlypeoplelooking afterhens in20care homesintheNorth East,and thecharity hasbeengiven financialsupport toroll itout countrywide.Wendy Wilson,extra caremanager at60Penfold Street,one ofthe firstto embarkonthe project,said:Residentsreally welcome the idea ofthe project and the creative sessions.We arelooking forwardtothe benefits and fun theprojectcan bringto peoplehere.”Lynn Lewis,director ofNotting HillPathways,said:We arehappy tobe takingpart inthe project.It will
28.What isthe purposeofthe projectA.To ensureharmony incarehomes.B.To providepart-time jobsfor theaged.C.To raisemoney formedical research.D.To promote the elderly peoples welfare.
29.How hasthe projectaffected Ruth XavierA.She haslearned newlife skills.B.She hasgained asense ofachievement.C.She hasrecovered hermemory.D.She hasdeveloped astrong personality.really helpconnect ourresidents througha shared interest andcreative activities.3O.What dothe underlinedwords embarkon^^meaninparagraph7A.Improve.B.Oppose.C.Begin.D.Evaluate.
31.What canwe learnaboutthe project fromthe lasttwo paragraphsA.It iswell received.B.It needstobemore creative.C.It ishighly profitable.D.It takesages tosee theresults.【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道主文章报道了英国伦敦的一家慈善机构创办了一个让养老院的老人养鸡的项目，以便减少老人的孤独感，收到很好的效果，这个项目非常受老年人的欢迎
28.【答案】D【解析】推理判断题根据题干关键词the project“定位至I」原文第二段根据“The projectwas dreamedup byalocal charity（慈善组织）to reduceloneliness andimprove elderlypeoples wellbeing（该项目是当地一家慈善机构的创意，旨在减少孤独，改善老年人的健康状况户可知，这个项目的目的是为了提高老年人的福祉选项中的“promotetheelderlypeopleswelfare”是原文中的“reducelonelinessand improveelderlypeoples wellbeing”同义转换，故选Do
29.【答案】B【解析】推理判断题根据题干关键词RuthXavier”定位到文章第五段根据goodtohaveadifferentfocus.Peoplehave beenbringingtheirchildrenintoseethehensandresidentscome andsit outsideto watchthem.Tmenjoying thecreativeactivities,and itfeels greattohavedone somethinguseful.（有不同的关注点很好人们把自己的孩子带进来看母鸡，居民们也来外面坐着看它们我喜欢创造性的活动，做一些有用的事情的感觉很好广可推知，RuthXavier通过该项目获得了一种成就感选项中的“gainedasense ofachievement”是原文中的“itfeelsgreattohavedonesomethinguseful”的同义转换，故选B
30.【答案】C【解析】词义猜测题根据“Residents reallywelcome theideaofthe projectandthecreative sessions.We arelookingforward tothe benefitsand funtheprojectcan bringto peoplehere.（居民们非常欢迎该项目的想法和创意会议我们期待这个项目能给这里的人们带来好处和乐趣厂以及划线处前的“one ofthefirst（第一批人之一）”可知Wendy Wilson是着手这项工程的人之一，划线处的含义与C项“Begin（开始户含义相近，故选C
31.【答案】A【解析】推理判断题根据题干关键信息“thelasttwo paragraphs”定位到原文最后两段根据文章倒数第二段“Residents reallywelcometheideaoftheprojectandthecreativesessions.We arelooking forwardtothebenefitsandfuntheprojectcan bringto peoplehere.（居民们非常欢迎该项目的想法和创意会议我们期待这个项目能给这里的人们带来好处和乐趣厂以及最后一段“Lynn Lewis,director ofNotting HillPathways,said:We arehappy tobe takingpart intheproject.It willreally helpconnect ourresidentsthrough asharedinterestandcreativeactivities.^（“诺丁山路径”的负责人林恩・刘易斯说:我们很高兴能参与这个项目它将通过共同的兴趣和创造性活动真正帮助我们的居民联系起来广可知，该项目的反响很好选项中的“It iswell received”是原文中的“We arehappy tobe takingpartintheproject.的归纳总结，故选A限时检测（题目序号均引用新高考阅读理斛B篇）每篇答题时间不超过分钟7Passage1（2021年新高考I卷B篇）By day,Robert Tittertonisalawyer.In hisspare onstage besidepianist MariaRaspopova-notasa musicianbut asher page turner.“Imnota trainedmusician,but Ivelearnt toread musicso Icanhelp Maria in her performance.Mr Tittertonis chairmanoftheOmega Ensemblebut hasbeen thegroups officialpage turnerforthepast fouryears.His jobistosit besidethe pianistand turnthe pagesofthescore sothe musiciandoesnt haveto breakthe flowof soundbydoing itthemselves.He saidhe becamejust asnervous asthose playinginstruments onstage.“A lotof skillsare neededfbr thejob.You havetomakesure youdont turntwo pagesat onceand makesure youfindthe repeatsinthemusic whenyou haveto goback tothe rightspot.Mr Tittertonexplained.Being a page turnerrequires plentyof practice.Some piecesof musiccan gofor40minutes andrequire upto50page turns,including backturns forrepeat passages.Silent onstagecommunication iskey,and eachpianist hastheir ownstyle of nodding to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with theirpage turner.But likeall performances,there aremoments whenthings gowrong.Iwasturning thepage toget readyfor thenextpage,but thedraft windfromtheturn causedthe sparepages tofall offthe stand,“Mr Tittertonsaid,“Luckily Iwasable tocatch themand putthem back.”Most page turners arepiano studentsor up-and-coming concertpianists,although Ms Raspopova hasonce askedherhusband tohelp herout onstage.“My husbandistheworst page turner/9she laughed.Hes interestedinthemusic,feeling everynote,and Ihave tosay:Turn,turn!9Robert isthebestpage turnerIve hadin myentire liffe.”
24.What shouldTitterton be ableto do tobeapage turnerA.Read music.B.Play thepiano.C.Sing songs.D.Fix theinstruments.
25.Which ofthe followingbest describesTittertonjob onstageA.Boring.B.Well-paid.C.Demanding.D.Dangerous.
26.What doesTitterton needto practiseA.Counting thepages.B.Recognizing thenodding”.C.Catching fallingobjects.D.Performing inhis ownstyle.
27.Why isMs Raspopovashusband“the worsepageturner”？A.He hasvery pooreyesight.B.He ignoresthe audience.C.He hasno interestin music.D.He forgetstodohis job.【语篇导读】这是一篇以叙事为主的记叙文文章主要讲述为音乐家在演奏时“翻页人（翻乐谱的人）”这个角色，虽然这个角色不是很起眼，但是它需要音乐相关的背景知识和相当多的训练
24.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题根据题干中的关键信息“tobeapageturner”定位到第一段破折号后面的“notasa musicianbutas herpageturner.（不是作为乐师，而是作为她的翻页人）”，再根据其后面的一句Tm nota trainedmusician,but Ivelearnt toread musicso Ican helpMariainherperformance.（我不是受过训练的乐师，但我学会了识谱，这样我就可以在Maria的表演时帮助她广，由此可知，Titterton因为识谱，所以可以在Maria的钢琴表演中为她翻页，故选A项
25.【答案】C【解析】推理判断题对于Titterton在舞台上的工作的描述，文章重点用了三个自然段，即第3-5段第3自然段的第一句为主题句（这项工作需要好多技能），后面的内容是对主题句的展开第4自然段第一句为主题句（做一名翻页人需要进行大量的练习），后面的内容是对主题句的展开第5自然段第一句为主题句（就像所有的表演一样，有时会出现失误），后面的内容是对主题句的展开综合上面三个段落可知，“做翻页人这项工作”是不容易的，而且可能出错，所以选C项Demanding（要求高的）
26.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题根据题干关键信息“practise”定位到第四段的最后一句Silent onstagecommunication iskey,and eachpianist hastheir ownstyleofnoddingtoindicateapageturnwhichtheyneedtopractisewiththeirpage turner.”在台上无声的交流是关键，每个钢琴家都有自己的“点头”风格来表示他们需要用翻页器练习的翻页，故选B项
27.【答案】D【解析】根据题干中的关键信息“the worsepageturner（最差劲的翻页人）”定位到最后一段（注意最后一段第一句话My husbandistheworst pageturner）,接在第一句话后面就分析了为什么MsRaspopova的丈夫是“最差劲的翻页人”原来他在翻页时只是在享受美妙的乐曲而忘记翻页，所以“我”不得不说“翻页，翻页啊！”由此可见，他过分投入音乐本身而忘记了翻页的职责，故选D项Passage2（2022•湖北黄冈高三期中）“The arrowshot isso straightthat ithits thebulls eye,the youngpeople will。
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