初中英语语法总结一览表_8

初中英语语法总结一览表语法项目构成用法象征词规则变化不规则变化例句Every oftenalways on天in月、一般-s-es辅音have--has动词用原形表示经常性的动作或状He goesto schoolevery day.一般现在时季、节、年+y-ies三人称单数-s/es态1often havelunch athome.ago/just now/In1998一般/去e双写go-went come-came动词用过去时表过去某个、段时间内He wrotea letteryesterday.一般过去时last/yesterday等/辅+y结尾一do-did leave-left等Be-was/were动作及状态I studiedhard last year.iedtomorrow/after Gocome leavestay fly等begoinglo+V原will/在将来某个时间或某段Are yougoing toreadHe is一般将来时next/tonight in201用进行表将来shall+V原时要做的事coming tomorrow.listen looknow一般去e双写tie dielie-表此时此刻正进行的动Tom iswriting now.现在进行时be+doing allthe timeDont...+ing变ie为y加ing作或状态They arelying on the bed.含糊的频率副词already just分词规则的同不规则的动词的过去分现在完成时现have/has+PP发生在过去影响在现在过去式是一样词需逐个记忆I havebeen teachingfor8years.never ever在完成进行have/has been+doing的动作或状态等的He hasslept fortwo days.at this time yesterdaylast Sunday一般去e双写tie dielie-was/were+doing多表在过去某时间正在进He wasreading atthat timelast.过去进行时evening+ing变ie为y加ing用于复合句中行的动作Fridayby thelime+过去时when after规则的分词构需要逐个记忆had+动过去分词多用该动作发生在过去的过We hadlearnt2000words by the过去完成时before成与过去时一详见不规则动词表于复合句中去end oflastyear.样的no longer=not..any longer不再

67.more orless=about或多或少，大约more than=over多于，超过

68.every year每年，every fouryears每隔四年，every otherday每隔一天，everyday English/life日常英语/生活

69.next to紧挨着，next door隔壁，邻居，next year明年，next time下次

70.receive/get/have aletter fromsb.=hear fromsb收到某人的来信

71.on show=on display展览

72.be filledwith/be fullof充满…

73.thank to=because of由于

74.some day=one day将来某一天，all day终日，day andnight日日夜夜，in aday ortwo一两天内in theold days从前，旧社会，from dayto dayday afterday日复一日，the daybefore yesterday前天，the day after tomorrow后天，Tree PlantingDay植树节，WomenJ sDay妇女节

75.keep/stop/prevent***from doing sth.防止阻止…做某事，stop to do sth.停下来去做某事，stop doing sth.停止做某事

76.nice and+adj.=very+adj.彳艮,非常语法项目构成用法象征词规则变化不规则变化例句would+V原形多用过去看来将要发生的动He saidthat hewould comehere过去将来时He saidthat he...the nextday.宾语从句中作或状态the nextday.一般/去e双写good/well—better比较级形式形后一er前加more名表示两个人、物之间进than/much/a littlefar/in the two She is thetall in thetwo./辅+y结尾一much/many—more等容副词名词词比较用more行比较时He runsfaster thanTom.ier一般/去e双写bad/ill/badiy-worst最高级形式形后-est前加most名词大于等于三个人、物之间in the+比较范围of the具体的数Sheisthe mostbeautiful inher/辅+y结尾一far-farther-farthest容副词名词比较用most进行比较字class.（最高级加the）iest作表语作状语动词不定式todo作主语作宾语作宾补作定语His jobis tolakeHell go to seea doctor没有人称和数To readis helpfulfor Hewants tobuy aI hearhim singyesterday Tomtold Hehas muchhomework to docare ofchildren.tomorrow.的变化anybody now.dictionary.me toopen it.every day.状语从句定语从句宾语从句主从复合句句子作状语（时间地点原因条件让步比较）句子作宾语（语序、时态、引导词、客观事实）He句子作定语（修饰名词或代词的句子、注意先行词）He waswriting aletter whenI camein askedme ifI hadbeen toBeijing before.I sawthe manwho wasstealing mybike yesterdayWcspeak English.主动结构与主动语态主语（人、物）+谓语+宾语动作执主动变被动，先找主、谓、宾，宾改主、主by宾，代词主语谓语宾语被动结构行者+及物动词+动作承受者被动语态主语变格要细心，谓语动词be pp,时态随主、数随被PP是及（人、物）+bePP+by宾语动作承受者+bePP+English isspoken byus物动词的过去分词加ed或不规则详见表被动句的时态by动作执行者在被动语态中没有可以省t的（be）随主动句的时态（do）人称和数应随被动句的主不定式宾改主谓语动词be PP主by宾语（am、is、are^was、were等）重点短语快速复习］

1.kinds of各种各样的

4.Chinese teawithout,anything init中国清茶

5.take aseat就坐

6.home cooking家常做法

9.be sick/ill in hospital生病住院

11.wait for等待

12.in time及时

14.just then正在那时

15.first ofall首先，第一

16.go wrong走错路

17.be/get lost迷路

18.make anoise吵闹，喧哗

19.get on上车

20.get off下车

21.stand inline站队

22.waiting room候诊室，候车室

24.laugh at嘲笑

25.throw about乱丢,抛散

26.in fact实际上

27.at midnight在半夜

28.have agood time=enjoy oneself玩得愉快

29.quarrel with sb.和某人吵架

30.take ones temperature给某人体温

31.have/get apain in…某处疼痛

32.have aheadache头痛

34.feel likedoing sth.想要干某事

36.fall asleep入睡

37.again and again再三地，反复地

38.wake up醒来，叫醒

39.instead of代替

40.look over检查

41.take exercise运动

42.had betternot do sth.最好不要干某事

43.at theweekend在周末

44.on time按时

46.all by oneself独立，单独

47.lots of=a lotof许多

48.no longer/more=not---any longer/more不再

49.get back回来，取回

50.sooner orlater迟早

51.run away逃跑

52.eat up吃光，吃完

53.run after追赶

54.take sth.withsb.某人随身带着某物

55.take goodcare of-,=look after---wel1好好照顾，照料

56.think of考虑到，想起

57.keep adiary坚持写日记

58.leave one by oneself把某人单独留下

59.harder andharder越来越厉害

60.turn on打开电灯、收音机、煤气等

61.turn off关回答人的补充2009-06-1320:

181.put down放下shut down把…关上cut down砍掉come down下来、落下slow down减缓、放慢sit down坐下write down写下get down下来，降落

2.after all毕竟.终究after that于是.然后dayafterday日复一日地one afteranother相继.挨次soon after不久以后the dayafter tomorrow后天

3.come upwith找到、提出catch upwith赶上wake up弄醒、醒来send up发射open up开设、开办grow up长大pick up拾起、捡起hands up举手eat up吃光clean up打扫干净give updoing sth.=stop doing sth.放弃做某事

4.arrive at/in+n.到达get to+n.到达reach+n.到达arrive/get+adv.到达

5.get…back退还,送回去.取回give back归还come back回来at theback of在…的后面ontheway backhome在回家路上

6.at least至少at breakfast早餐时at desk在桌前at once立刻，马上at school在上学at thesame time同时at work在工作be goodat=do wellin善长laugh at嘲笑not…at all一点也不at first起初at night在晚上at noon中午.回答人的补充2009-06-1320:25http://www.ewteacher.com/rl-article-

69626.html这个网址有详细的迅雷下载回答人的补充2009-06-1320:

397.for example例如for ever永远be goodfor对…有益be badfor对…有害for long=for along time长期for short简称be shortfor是…的简称TV isshort for“television”

8.come true实现come down下来come from=be from来自，出生于come in/into进入，进来come on赶快come over过来come along走吧，过来，快点，come andgo来来去去come up上来come out出来，（花）开，（照片）冲洗出来

9.even though=even if即使、虽然、尽管

10.be pleasedwith对…感到满意be coveredwith被…覆盖be expectedto do sth.被期望做某事be proudof以…自豪speak highlyof称赞be afraidof害怕hear of听说（hear fromsb.收到某人的来信）of course二certainly当然可以plenty of=a lotof许多

11.by theway顺便说byoneself单独，独自by theend of到…为至bythetime（引起时间状语从句）到…的时候onebyone依次by air/plane乘飞机by bus/train/car乘公共汽车/火车/轿车（catcha bus赶公交车get on/off thebus上/下车take abus to---=go to…by bus乘车去）回答人的补充2009-06-1320:

4412.do/try ones best尽力do ones homework做家庭作业do（the/some）shopping购物do thecooking烹饪do somecleaning打扫do the/some washing洗衣服do sport做运动do withsb/sth.处理well done干得好

13.early in the morning一大早in theearly spring初春in myearly days我幼年时期early bus早班车

14.make acontribution to贡献给、捐献make atelephone callto sb./ring sb.up/give sb.a call/phone sb.给某人打电话connect…to…把…与…连接起来be close to靠近（某地）give birthto生（孩子）losetosb.输给sb.

15.either…or…或者…或者..on eitherside ofthe street街道任何一边（on eachside ofthe street街道每一边on bothsides ofthestreet街道两边）

16.keep doingsth.不停地做某事（表示状态继续）keep ondoingsth.坚持做某事（表示动作反复进行）practise doingsth.练习做某事enjoy doingsth.喜欢做某事finish doingsth.做完某事go ondoingsth.继续做某事（同一件事）

17.go onto do sth.接着做某事（另一件事）go straightalong沿着-----------直往前走，go down下降，go for a walk散步，goover复习，go shopping买东西，go tothe cinema去看电影，go well进展顺利，go offto动身回答人的补充2009-06-1320:

5118.think about考虑（think of认为、想起、考虑、想到think over仔细考虑think out想出）talk about谈论，worry about担心，How/What about…？…怎么样

19.borrow-from…从…借….（lend…to…把…借给…）from doorto door挨家挨户,从今以from timeto time时时，from nowon后，from thenon从那以后，be differentfrom与…不同，learn…from…向…学习

20.get dressed穿衣，get into进入，get/be lost丢失，get off/on下/上车,get onwell withsb.与某人相处得好，get outof从…出来，get readyfor+n.为…做准备,事，get/gotosleep（fall asleep）入睡，get readyto dosth.准备做某（be asleep睡着）get warm变暧，get well康复，get achance有机会、得到机会

21.look for寻找，wait for等候，look after=take careof照看，look like看起来像,回答人的补充2009-06-1321:06look over检查，复习，look out小心，从里向外看，look thesame看起来一样，look up向上看，查单词，look around环视1through ookforward to期望，look温习，检查

22.set off出发、动身，put off推迟，keep off避开、不靠近…drop off放下（某物）,take offturn off关,jump off跳离,脱（衣），（飞机）起飞

23.half akilo半千克，half anhour半小时，in half分成两半，

24.do eyeexercises做眼保健操，do morningexercises做早操take（more）exercise（多）参加体育锻炼，an exercisebook练习本

25.take partin参加，hand in上交，inhospital住院，in surprise吃惊地，inthesun在阳光下，in trouble处于困境，in aminute/moment马上

26.leave for…动身去某地

27.feed on以…为主食，live on继续活着，base on以…为根据，carry on坚持、继续下去，and soon等等，on theotherhand另一方面，on foot步行

28.be famousfor以..著名，be excitedabout+n./V-ing对…感到兴奋，be interestedin对…感兴趣，be born出生，be busywith sth.—be busydoingsth.忙于…be amazedat对..感到惊讶

29.move away移开，move to（搬）移到

30.search theInternet上网

31.make sure确信，make adialogue编对话，make amistake犯错误by mistake由于疏忽make anoise吵闹，make faces做鬼脸，make friendswith和..交朋友，make roomfor给..让地方，make tea沏茶，make money赚钱，make adecision作出决定

32.used to dosth过去常常做某事，be usedto doingsth.习惯于做某事回答人的补充2009-06-1321:

34.forget to dosth.忘记做某事，encourage sb.todosth.鼓励某人做某事，decide todosth.决定做某事，allow sb.todosth.允许某人做某事

35.hear sb.tododoingsth.听见某人做某事

36..help sb.todosth.//help sb.with sth.帮助某人做某事，with ones help在某人的帮助下，with pleasure乐意

37.the summerholidays暑假the winterholidays寒假

38.step into走进，pour into倒入•一

39.inthefirst第一，for thefirst time第一次，at first起初，a firstlanguage母语，first ofall首先

40.leave a message forsb.给某人留条，give/take sb.amessage给某人捎口信

41.take photos/pictures照像，take away拿走，take out取出work out算出take care当心，take medicine服药take ones temperature量体温，take onestime别着急，takea walk散步，take place发生

42.learn byoneself/teach oneself自学，learn byheart背熟

43.a yearand ahalf oneandahalf years一年半

44.have atry尝试，努力，try out尝试、试验，find out/about找出，查明，提问人的追问2009-06-1321:17如果可能再帮我整理一下关于up,down,out,over,away谢谢回答人的补充2009-06-1321:

2745.offer sbsth.给某人提供某物

46.win firstprize获一等奖

47.all overthe world=around theworld=throughout theworld全世界

48.all kindsof各种各样的

49.neither***nor既不…也不….

51.the more,the better越多越好

52.all one,s life一生

53.as soonas--------就…as soonas possible尽可能早地、尽快as well=too也，as muchas至多，as littleas至少，regard…as把…当作…，as if好像

54.no matter无论•一

55.ever since从那以后，此后一直

56.so far到目前为止，or so大约

57.another twohours=two morehours又再2个小时

58.three timesa week一周三次

59.the numberof…的数量a large/good numberof/large numbersof/many许多

60.less than少于，less andless越来越少

61..…is another way of saying---什么是..的另一说法Quick isanotherwayofsayingfast.

62.not…until…直到…才…

63.be like像，feel like+n./V-ing想要，like best最喜欢，would liketo想要

64.the24hour clock24小时制回答人的补充2009-06-1321:

4065.wash away冲走，run away逃跑，take away带走

66.before long不久，long before/ago很久以前，for long=foralong time长期,。