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届甘肃省兰州第一高三月月考英语试题20199说明试卷分第卷（选择题）和第卷（非选择题）两部分满分分，考试时间分钟答案写在答I n120loo题卡上，交卷时只交答题卡第卷（选择题）I第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分分）40第一节（共小题，每小题分，满分分）15230阅读下列短文，从每题所给的、、、四个选项中，选出最佳选项A BC DAWeveconsidered severalways ofpaying tocut inline:hiring lineStanders,buying ticketsfrom scalpers,orpurchasing linecutting privilegesdirectly from,say,an airlineor anamusement park.Each of these dealsreplaces the（）（）morals of the queuewaiting yourturn with the morals of themarket payinga pricefor faster service.Markets andqueues—paying andwaiting—are twodifferent waysof allocatingthings,and eachis appropriatetodifferent activities.The morals of the queue,zzFirst e,first served/have anegalitarian（平等主义的）appeal.They tellusto ignoreprivilege,power,and deeppockets.The principleseems righton playgrounds andat busstops.But the moralsof thequeuedo notgovern alloccasions.If I put myhouse upfor sale,I haveno dutyto acceptthe first offer that es along,simply because its thefirst.Selling myhouse andwaiting for a busare differentactivities,properly governedby differentstandards.Sometimes standardschange,and it is unclearwhich principleshould apply.Think of the recorded message youhear,played overand over,as youwait onhold whencalling yourbank:Z/Your callwill beanswered in the orderinwhich it was received/This isessential for themoralsofthequeue.Its as if thepany istrying toease ourimpatiencewith fairness.But donttake therecorded messagetoo seriously.Today,some peoplescalls areanswered fasterthan others.〃Call centertechnology enablespanies toscore iningcalls andto givefasterserviceto thosethatefrom richplaces.You mightcall thistelephonic queuejumping.Of course,markets andqueues are not the only waysof allocatingthings.Some goodswe distributeby merit,others byneed,still othersby chance.Howevec thetendency ofmarkets toreplace queues,and othernon-marketways of allocating goodsis somon inmodern lifethat wescarcely noticeit anymore.It isstriking thatmost ofthe paidqueue-jumping schemesweve considered—at airportsand amusementparks,in callcenters,doctors offices,andnational parks—are recentdevelopments,scarcely imaginablethree decadesago.The注意:
1.词数100左右，开头语已为你写好，不计入总数.可是当增加细节，以行文连贯2Dear Dean,My nameis WangLing.Ive learnedthat your university willadmit studentsin advance.兰州学期月考试高三英语2018-2019-1（参考答案）阅读理角军A--ACB B----BBADC C----CDBC D--BDA七选五AECFD完形填空一.一.2125DB ACC2630A CA BA31——35DCDBA36——40AC BD B语法填空
41.which
42.typically
43.dates
44.a
45.was conquered
46.largest
47.choice
48.for
49.to spend50,to beseen/of beingseen短文改错；；；去掉；；；；；part-parts a-the hopeAto itthought-thinks deep-deeply hearing-heard For-ln或在前力口；mistake-mistakes mistakea but-and书面表达（范文）Dear Dean,My nameis WangLing.Ive learnedthat youruniversity willadmit studentsin advance.With agreat longingto enteryour school,Kd liketo makethis application.I ama girlof18at HongxingHigh School.I dowell inevery subject,especially inEnglish.I everwon the first prizein theNational EnglishSpoken Contestfor thehigh schoolstudents.Deeply interested inyour school,which enjoysa highreputation andbeautiful campus,I amwriting toyou in the hopethat Imay obtainanopportunity tofurther mystudy inyouruniversity.If youcould giveme achance,Ill bevery grateful.Looking forwardto yourreply.Yours TrulyWangLingdisappearance ofthe queuesin theseplaces mayseem anunusual concern,but thesearenottheonlyplaces thatmarketshave entered.
1.According to the author,which ofthe followingseems governedby theprinciple zzFirste,first servedA.Taking buses.B.Buying houses.C.Flying with an airline.D.Visiting amusementparks.2,The exampleoftherecordedmessagein Paragraphs4and5illustratesA.the necessityof patiencein queuingB.the advantage of moderntechnologyC.the uncertaintyof allocationprinciple D.the fairnessof telephonicservices
3.The passageis meantto.A.justify payingfor fasterservices B.discuss themoralsofallocating thingsC.analyze thereason forstanding inline D.criticize thebehavior ofqueue jumpingBNoone knowsfor surewhen advertisingfirst started.It ispossible thatit grewout ofthe discoverythat somepeopledid certainkinds ofwork betterthan othersdid them.That led to theconcept ofspecialization,which meansthatpeople wouldspecialize,or focuson doingone specificjob.Lets takea man well callMr.Fielder,for example.He dideverything connectedwith farming.He plantedseeds,tended thefields,and harvestedand soldhis crops.At the same time,he didmany otherjobs on the farm.However,（犁），he didntmake thebricks for his house,cut histrees intoboards,make theplows or any ofother hundredsofthings afarm needs.Instead,he gotthem frompeople whospecialized indoing eachof thosethings.Suppose therewas anothermanweshall callMr.Plowright.Using what he knewabout farmingand workingwithiron,Mr.Plowright inventeda plowthat madefarming easier.Mr.Plowright didnot reallylike farminghimselfand wantedto specializein makingreally good plows.Perhaps,he thought,other farmerswill tradewhat theygrowfor oneof myplows.How didMr.Plowright letpeople knowwhathe was doingWhy,he advertised,of course.First heopened ashopand thenhe putup asign outsidethe shopto attractcustomers.That signmay have been nomore thana plowcarvedinto apiece ofwood anda simplearrow pointingto theshop door.It was probably allthe informationpeopleneeded tofind Mr.Plowright andhis reallygoodplows.Many historiansbelieve that the firstoutdoor signswere usedabout fivethousand yearsago.Even beforemostpeople couldread,they understoodsuch signs.Shopkeepers wouldcarve intostone,clay,or woodsymbols fortheproducts theyhad forsale.A medium,in advertisingtalk,is theway youmunicate yourmessage.You mightsay that thefirstmedium usedin advertising wassigns withsymbols.The secondmedium was audio,or sound,although thatterm is not usedexactlyin theway we useittoday.Originally,just thehuman voiceand maybesome kindof simpleinstrument,suchas abell,were used to getpeoples attention.A crier;in thehistorical sense,isnotsomeone whoweeps easily.It issomeone,probably aman,withavoiceloud enoughto beheard over the othernoises ofa city.In ancientEgypt,shopkeepers mighthire sucha persontospread thenews abouttheir products.Often thisearliest form of advertisinginvolved anewly arrivedship loadedwithgoods.Perhaps thecrier describedthe goods,explained where they camefrom,and praisedtheir quality.His jobwas,in otherwords,not toodifferent from a TVor radiomercial intodays world.
4.What probablyledto the startof advertisementA.The discoveryof iron.B.The specializationof labor.C.The appearanceof newjobs.D.The developmentof farmingtechniques.
5.To advertisehis plows,Mr.Plowright.A.praised hisplows inpublic B.placed asign outsidethe shopC.hung anarrow pointingtotheshop D.showed hisproducts tothe customers
6.The writermakes upthe twostories ofMr.Fielder andMr.Plowright inorder to.A.explain theorigin of advertising B.predict the future of advertisingC.expose problemsinadvertising D.provide suggestionsfor advertising
7.In ancientEgypt,a crierwasprobably someone who.A.owned aship B.had theloudest voiceC.ran ashop sellinggoods tofarmers D.functioned liketoday/s TVor radiomercial
8.The lasttwo paragraphsare mainlyabout.A.the historyofadvertisingB.the benefits ofadvertisingC.the earlyforms ofadvertisingD.the basicdesign ofadvertisingCGenetically ModifiedGM food is unfortunatelybeing morepopular amongfarmers and food processors.Crops杀虫齐are beinggenetically modifiedto resistinsects,plant diseases,insecticides U,Plants arealso modifiedto lookbiggerand better.Unfortunately theend goalisnt providingnutrition forpeople,its toincrease profitmargins andtomake foodlook better.In factmany modernfruits andvegetables aretwice thesize ofwhat theyusedto be whilehavingfar lessvitamins,and nottasting goodeither.Now researchis showingthatgenetically modifiedfood mighteven bebad foryou.GM organismsare organismsthat havegenes insertedinto theirDNA inorder tooffer certaincharacteristics.Inthis wayyou canmake itbetter,or makeit lastlonger.Jeffrey M.Smith haspublished astudy aboutthe dangersof GM food.It wasdiscovered thatwhen GMsoy wasfedto femalerats theyfound that all theiryoung diedwithin3weeks paredto anatural10%death rate.Their youngwerealso bornsmaller and they laterhad problemsbeing pregnant.A studyof pigsfound that they alsobecame彳育infertile aftereating GMcorn.Many peopleare eatingGMfoodwithout evenrealizing it.The solutionto thisproblem issimple.Human beingsexistedin theircurrent formfor hundredsof thousandsof years.For mostof thattime weate adiet consistingofmeat,fruit,vegetable,fish,eggs andnuts.This isour optimaldiet whichleads usto livea healthyand longlife.Butover thelast30years NorthAmerica hasexperienced diabetes,cancer and heart disease.All dueto themisinformationprovided bygroups whowork onbehalf ofthe manufacturersof GMfood.The wayto avoidobesity,heart diseaseand canceris byeating likeour stone-age ancestors.
9.According tothe author,what ultimatelyinspired thepopularity ofGM cropsA.Rich nutrition.B.Unique taste.C.High profits.D.Energy saving
10.What hadwe betterdo if we wantto stayhealthy accordingtothe textA.Eat morefruit.B.Be vegetarians.C.Eat moregrains.D.Keep traditionaldiet.
11.The textis organizedin theformof.A.time andevents B.cause andeffectC.reasoning andargument D.contrast andparison
12.We caninfer that the lobbygroups inParagraph4are peoplewho are.A.scientists whogive outfalse informationbecause ofcarelessnessB.doctors whotry toprofit frompatients whosuffer fromunhealthy foodC.workers whotry tocheat customersforthebenefitsoffood producersD.agricultural technicianswho areresponsible forpromoting newproductDThey maybe teenagersbut17-year-old BrittanyBull and16-year-old SesamMngqengqiswa havegrandzambitions—to launchAfricas first private satelliteinto space.They arepart ofa teamof highschool girlsfrom CapeTown,South Africa,who havedesigned andbuilt equipmentfor asatellite that will orbitovertheearths polesscanningAfricas surface.Once inspace,the satellitewill collectinformation onagriculture,andfoodsecurity within the continent.Usingthe data/we cantry todetermine andpredict theproblems Africawill befacing in the future^,explains Bull,a studentatPelican ParkHigh School.zzWhere our foodisgrowing,where wecan plantmore treesand vegetationand alsohowwe canmonitor remoteareas/she says/We have a lotof forestfires andfloods butwe dontalways getout thereintime/lnformation receivedtwice aday willgo towardsdisaster prevention.Its part ofaproject bySouth AfricasMeta EconomicDevelopment OrganizationMEDOworking withMoreheadState Universityin theUS.The girls14in totalare beingtrained bysatellite engineersfrom CapePeninsula Universityof Technology,in aneffortto encouragemore African women intoSTEM science,technology,engineering,mathematics.Scheduled tolaunch inMay2017,if successfuljtwill makeMEDO thefirstprivatepany inAfrica tobuild asatelliteand sendit intoorbit.Mngqengqiswa esfromasingle parenthousehold.Her motheris adomestic worker.By beinga spaceengineeror astronaut,the teenagerhopes tomake hermother proud.zzDiscovering spaceand seeingthe Earthsatmosphere,its notsomething manyblack Africanshavebeenable todo,or getthe opportunityto lookat.I wanttosee andexperience thesethings formyself/says Mngqengqiswa.Her teammate Bullagrees/l wantto showto fellowgirls thatwe dontneed tosit aroundor limitourselves.Anycareer ispossible—even aerospace/
713.What doesParagraph2mainly talkaboutA.Information providedby the satellite.B.The benefitsbrought bythe satellite.C.Problems Africanagriculture faces.D.The waythesatellitecollects information.
14.Why arethe expertsteaching thegirls satellitetechnologyA.To turnthem intogood farmers.B.To helpAfricanwomen to livebetter.C.To trainemployees fora privatepany.D.To attractmore Africanwomentosci-tech fields.
15.What doyou thinkofthegirls in thetextA.Ambitious andpioneering.B.Generous andconsiderate.C.Independent andmodest.D.Brave andtolerant.第二节（共小题；每小题分，满分分）5210飕短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项选项中有两瞅辎（温度计）Before goingoutside inthe morning,many ofus checka windowthermometer forthe temperature.This helpsus decidewhat towear.
16.We wantourfoodtobea certaincoldness inthe refrigerator.We wantit acertainhotness inthe oven.If wedont feelwell,weusea thermometerto seeifwehaveafever.We keepour roomsa certain warmthinthewinter andacertaincoolness inthe summer.Not allthe thermometersuse thesame systemto measuretemperature.We usea systemcalled theFahrenheitscale.But mostother countriesuse theCentigrade scale.Both systemsuse thefreezing andboiling pointsof wateras theirguide.
17.（水银）（The mostmon kindof thermometeris madewith mercuryinside aclear glass tube.As mercuryorany）（攵缩）.other liquidbees hot,it expands.As itgets colder,it contractsThat iswhy onhot daysthe mercuryline ishighintheglasstube.
18.First.Take aclear glassjuice bottlethat hasa cap;fill the bottle withcoloured water.Tap ahole inthe centerofthe capusing ahammer andthick nail.Put the cap on the jar.Then sticka plasticstraw throughthe nailhole.
19.Finally.Place awhite cardontheoutside ofthebottleand behindthe straw.Now you can seethe waterlevereasily.
20.As the temperature goesdown,the waterwill contract,andthelever inthe strawwill edown.Perhaps youwillwant tokeep arecord ofthe waterlever inthe straweach morningforaweek.A.We use and dependon thermometersto measurethetemperature of manyother thingsin ourdaily lives.B.Thermometers measuretemperature,by usingmaterials thatchange inthesameway whenthey areheatedor cooled.C.Now thatyou knowthis ruleyoucanmake athermometer ofyour ownthatwillwork.D.The waterwill riseinthestraw.As thetemperatureofthe airgoes up,the waterwill expandand riseevenhigher.E.They labelthese indifferent ways.On theFahrenheit scalewater freezesat32degrees andboils at212degrees.On theCelsius scalewater freezesat0degrees andboils atlOOdegrees.（）F.Take waxyou mayuseanold candleif youhave oneand meltsome ofit rightwherethestraw isstruck into（把••粘住）thecapto sealthem together.G.People usethermometers whichare madeby themselveswhen travellingaround theworld.第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分分）45第一节完形填空（共小题；每小题分，满分分）
201.530阅读下面短文，撑握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项（、、和）中，选出最佳选项，并在36—55A BC D答题卡上将该项涂黑It wasraining.I wentinto acafe andasked fora coffee.21I waswaiting formy drink,I realizedthat therewereother peopleintheplace,but Isensed22,I sawtheir bodies,but Icouldnt feeltheir souls23their soulsbelonged tothe
24.I stoodup andwalked betweenthe tables.When Icame tothe biggestputer,I sawa thin,small man25in frontofit.Tm Steve,he finallyanswered afterI askedhim acouple oftimes whathis namewas.I canttalk withyou.Im26”,he said.He waschatting onlinewith somebody-probablysomeonehe didntknow-and,atthesame time,he wasplaying aputer game-a wargame.I wassurprised.He waschatting onlineand,27,hewasplaying aputer game—a wargame.I was28（怪人），Why didntSteve wantto talkwith meI tried29to speakto thatputer geek30not aword cameout ofhis mouth.I touchedhis shoulder,but noreaction.I was31,Iputmy handinfront ofthe monitor,and hestarted toshout,32!I tooka fewsteps back,wondering ifall thosepeopleinthecafe werelooking atme.I33,and sawnobody showedany interest.34,I realizedthatthepeople therewere having a niceconversation withtheir machines,not withpeople.They weremore35havingarelationship withthe36,particularly Steve.I wouldntwantto37thefutureof humanbeings ifthey preferredsharing theirlives withmachines38with people.I wasworried and I sankin mythoughts.I didnteven39thatthecoffee wasbad,40Steve didntnotice therewasaperson nextto him.
21.A.Before B.Since C.Although D.While
22.A.pain B.loneliness C.sadness D.fear
23.A.because B.when C.until D.unless
24.A.home B.world C.Net D.Cafe
25.A.sleeping B.laughing C.sitting D.learning
26.A.busy B.thirsty C.tired D.sick
27.A.firstofall B.just thenC.atthesame timeD.by thattime
28.A.surprised B.delighted C.moved D.frightened
29.A.once B.again C.first D.even
30.A.but B.so C.if D.or
31.A.excited B.respected C.afraid D.unhappy
32.A.Shut upB.Enjoy yourselfC.Leave mealone D.Help meout
33.A.walked aboutB.walked outC.raised myhand D.raised myhead
34.A.From thenon B.At thatmoment C.In allD.Above allA
35.,interestedinB.tired ofC.careful aboutD.troubled by.
36.A.puter B.soul C.shop D.geek
37.A.tell B.plan C.imagine D.design
38.A.other thanB.instead ofC.except forD.as wellas
39.A.pretend B.understand C.insist D.realize
40.A.asifB.just asC.just afterD.even though第卷非选择题n第二节语法填空共小题；每小题分，满分分101515阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式不多于个单词3Plovdiv issituated insouth-central Bulgariaonthetwo banksoftheMaritsa River.The cityhas historicallydevelopedon sevenhills,some of41are250m
820.21ft high.Because ofthese hills,Plovdiv is42typical referredtoin Bulgariaas Thecity ofthe SevenHills”.Plovdivs history43date backto6000BC.Though originallyitwas44Thracian city,Plovidiv hasbeen ruledby manyempires overcenturies.Later it45conquer bythe Romans.Only in1885did thecity beepart ofBulgaria.Nowadays itsthe second46largecity inBulgaria andits asignificant economic,educational andcultural center..（）Plovdiv remainsa popular47choose forvacation travel.I havebeen obsessedwiththecity48years.Last（）summer Iwas lucky49spend acouple ofdays inthis cityandIjust fellin lovewith itsnarrow pavedstreets and（）neat beautifulhouse!The OldTown isdefinitely worthy50see.It isoverwhelmed withrestaurants,workshops andmuseumsthat werepreviously famoushouses.第三部分写作（共两节；满分分）35第一节短文改错（共小题；每小题分，满分分）10110下列短文中共有10处语言错误，找出并改正每句中最多有两处错每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改增加在缺词处加一个漏字符号
（八），并在其下面写出该加的词删除把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉修改在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词注意
1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分Fang Tongis34years old,an actor;director andteacher ofBeijing OperaTheatre.Most ofhis studentsarefrom otherpartofChina andhave eto Beijingatavery youngageofsixteen orseventeen.He hopescreate anenvironmentforhisstudents thatitismuch morerelaxing thanthe onehe usedto studyin.He thoughtthat anactorshould relaxhimself whenperforming.Yet hisstudents deeprespect himandhenever needsto raisehis voiceinorder tobe hearing.For hisopinion,actors shouldgo oneven whenthey feelthey havemade mistakein theirperformancesbecause themoment isalready gonebut peoplecan neverbe backto it.So artis alwayschanging anddeveloping.笫二节书面表达（满分分）25假如你叫王玲，今年参加了某大学自主招生这所大学要求考生用英语写一封申请信，请按下面提示写一封英语申请信内容包括个人情况个人条件申请此大学原因
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