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外研版七年级上册新教材讲义Unit1A newstart重点语法一代词人称代词是指人或物的代词,可以指代自身或他人,例如“你”“我”“他”等L人称代词的形式单数复数第一第一第一第二第一力--第二J-------------人称人称人称人称人称人称主格I youhe sheit weyou they宾格me youhim herit usyou them释义我你他她它我们你们他们
2.人称代词的用法1人称代词主格用作主语I ama worker.我是一名工人Are youa doctor你是一名医生吗?What doeshe do他是做什么的?Its abig box.这是一个大盒子⑵人称代词宾格用作宾语Give mea pencil,please!请给我一支铅笔!The skirtis for you.这条裙子是给你的Don,t tellhim aboutit.别告诉他这件事We cantake thedog withus.我们可以带狗一起去
32.The windowsare dirty.Let sclean theynow.
33.What isyou favouriteanimal
34.we teacheris tall.
35.Where isI penI cant findit.
36.—Do youwant somesnacks一Yes,please.
37.一Do youhave somestickers一Yes,I do.
38.What canI doshe saystoshe.
39.Kate,take goodcare ofyou..
三、对划线部分提问
40.You shouldhave riceand vegetablesfor lunch.对划线部分提问should wefor lunch
41.We needsome icecream for the party.对画线部分提问we needfortheparty
42.The childrenhelp the old man.对画线部分提问the oldman
43.Miss Whiteis myhead teacher.就画线部分提问答案:
1.A
2.B
3.A
4.B
5.B
6.C
7.C
8.A
9.A
10.B
11.C
12.B
13.C
14.C
15.C
16.A
17.B
18.C
19.B
20.A
21.D
22.A
23.B
24.C
25.B
26.her
27.his us
28.her has
29.them
30.me
31.them
32.them
33.your
34.Our
35.my
36.some
37.any
38.herself
39.yourself
40.What have
41.What.do
42.Who helps
43.Who is your headteacher
二、物主代词物主代词是表示所属关系的代词,指代“物的主人”,例如“你的”“我的”“他的”等L物主代词的形式形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词单数复数第一第二第三第一第二第三人称人称人称人称人称人称形容词性my yourhis/he r/i tsour yourtheir物主代词名词性mine yourshis/he rs/i tsours yourstheirs物主代词释义我的你的他/她/它的我们的你们的他/她/它们的
2.物主代词的用法⑴形容词性物主代词起形容词的作用,在句中作定语修饰名词,不可单独使用It ismy newbike.这是我的新自行车Miss Liis ourEnglish teacher.李老师是我们的英语老师⑵名词性物主代词起名词的作用,在句中可作主语、宾语、表语,可单独使用名词性物主代词:形容词性物主代词+名词My bagis black.Hers is blue.我的包是黑色的,她的是蓝色的Hers=Her bagI dont likemy dress.I likeyours.我不喜欢我的裙子,我喜欢你的yours=your dressTheblue jacketis mine.这件蓝色夹克是我的mine=my jacket
三、反身代词反身代词是表示反射或者强调的代词,例如“我自己”“你自己”“他自己”等L反身代词的形式第
一、二人称的反身代词由“形容词性物主代词+self/selves”构成;第三人称的反身代词由“人称代词宾格+self/selves”构成人称单数复数第一人称myself我自己ourselves我们自己第二人称yourself你自己yourselves你们自己第三人称himself/her self/itself他/她/它自己themselves他们自己
2.反身代词的用法⑴反身代词在句中作宾语或表语He sawhimself inthe mirror.他看到了镜子里的自己Just beyourself.做你自己就好⑵反身代词放在主语或宾语后,表示强调I myselfcan finishit.我自己可以完成You shouldinvite theheadmaster himselfto comehere.你应该邀请校长本人来这儿⑶用于一些固定搭配中by oneself独自help oneself自行取用;请自便enjoy oneself玩得开心
四、指示代词指示代词是表示时间或空间上远近关系的代词,具有指向性,例如“这”“那”等L指示代词的形式this意为〃这〃,指离说话人近的单数的人或物单数that意为“那”,指离说话人远的单数的人或物these意为〃这些〃,指离说话人近的复数的人或物复数those意为〃那些〃,指离说话人远的复数的人或物
2.指示代词的用法⑴指示代词在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等This ismy pen,and thatis yours.这是我的钢笔,那是你的These areour books.Those aretheir books.这些是我们的书那些是他们的书We needthis.我们需要这个Her worksare these.她的作品是这些She metthose people.她遇见了那些人2指示代词可用于介绍别人或指代提及之事Good morning,everyone.This ismy sisterLucy.大家早上好这是我的妹妹露西—Lets playbadminton!我们去打羽毛球吧!—Thats agood idea.那是个好主意⑶回答指示代词作主语的一般疑问句时,答句要用it或they一Is thisyour pen这是你的钢笔吗一Yes,it is.是的,它是一Are thoseyour books那些是你的书吗?一No,they arent.不,它们不是4打电话时,this指代自己,that指代对方Hello!This isTina speaking.你好!我是蒂娜一Hello!Is thatJohn你好!请问是约翰吗一Yes,speaking.是的,请讲
五、疑问代词疑问代词是用来引导特殊疑问句的代词,没有单复数之分常用的疑问代词有what,who,whom,whose,whicho
1.what表示“什么”,对事或物提问,可作主语、宾语、表语、定语What changedyou是什么改变了你?What didyou say你说了什么?Whats yourname你的名字是什么?What colorisyourhat你的帽子是什么颜色?
2.who/whom表示“谁,对人提问1who可作主语、宾语、表语Who issinging谁在唱歌Who do you workfor你为谁工作?Who isMr.Brown谁是布朗先生?2whom只能作宾语,有时可和who互换Whom/Who didyou talkabout你们刚刚在谈论谁?Whom/Who didyou justspeak t你刚刚在跟谁说话?
3.whose表示“谁的”,询问物品的归属者,可作表语、定语Whose isthis这是谁的?Whose bikeis that那是谁的自行车
4.which表示“哪个;哪些”,对特定范围内的人或物提问,可作主语、定语Lisa,look atthese twoskirts.Which isbetter丽莎,看看这两条裙子哪条更好看?Which seasondoyoulike best你最喜欢哪个季节?
六、不定代词不定代词是指没有明确指定代替某个些人或物的代词
1.普通不定代词1some和any
①some表示“某个;一些”,常用于肯定句中We11eat somenow andsave somefor tomorrow.我们现在吃一些,留一些明天吃
②any表示“任何一些;任一”,常用于否定句和疑问句中There isstill somemilk inthe fridge.We dontneed tobuy any.彻〈箱里还有些牛奶我们不需要买I needsome stamps.Are thereany inyour bag我需要一些邮票你包里有吗?2many和muchmany和much都表示“许多;很多many修饰复数可数名词,much修饰不可数名词Did yousee manypeople there你看那儿人多吗?We donthave muchtime.我们没有太多时间3every和eachevery和each都表示“每一every强调整体,each强调个体Every studentpassed thistest.所有学生都通过了这次测试Each studentcontributed to the fund.每个学生都为基金会捐了款4both和allboth和all都表示“都”both用于两者都,all用于三者或三者以上者上We bothlike swimmingvery much.我们两个都很喜欢游泳All thestudents areon theplayground.所有的学生都在操场上
2.复合不定代词复合不定代词由no-,some-,any-,every-加上-body,-one,-thing构成some-any-no-every-指代人somebody anybodynobody everybodysomeoneanyone no one everyone一body、-one某人任何人没有人每个人指代事或物some thinganything nothingeverything某事任何事没有什么每件事-thing⑴复合代词在句中作名词使用,可作主语、宾语和表语There issomebody/someone waitingforyou.有人在等你Nothing isimpossible.没有什么是不可能的Idon,t wantto doanything.我什么都不想做Theres nobody/nooneat home.家里没有人⑵复合代词被定语修饰时,放在定语前面There isnothing wrong with myeyes.我的眼睛没有毛病Is thereanything importantin today,s newspaper今天的报纸上有什么重要消息吗?
一、单选题
1.Are yourfriends,SarahA.these B.them C.that D.this
2.hobby isreading stories.A.He B.Her C.She
3.―Sandy,does yourfather loveRunningand jumping.A.what sportsB.what sC.when D.where
4.—should wehave forlunch—Rice andeggs.A.Where B.What C.Which D.When
5.Is thereelse importantthis monthA.something B.anything C.everything
6.一What swrong with,Yang Lingahigh fever.A.her;has B.her;have C.you;have D.you;am
7.name isJohn.Here isa letterfromA.Him;his B.He;his C.His;him
8.I lovetomato soup.delicious.A.It sB.Its C.They re
9.Miss Liteaches maths.A.us B.our C.we
10.Thank youfor help.A.you B.your C.my
11.This isnot cap.isblue.This oneis pink.A.my;my B.mine;my C.my;mine
12.一Is thisbicycle,Sam一No,it isnt.It sA.you;my B.your;hers C.your;mine D.you;mine
13.Our Englishteacher notonly teachesEnglish butalsoa friendofA.our;us B.our;ours C.us;ours D.us;us
14.The littleboy can,t swim.mother helps.A.His;he B.He;him C.His;him
15.一What s9-Its.these,an appleC.this,an appleA.this,a appleB.this;applesD.apples.are bananas.
16.These areB.This C.ThatA.Those
17.一What areA.that B.these C.this D.them——They arepotatoes.
18.一does yourfather do一He isa policeman.A.Who B.Which C.What
19.一Would youlike hotdogs—Yes,please.C.any
20.Is thereimportant nextmonthA.anything elseB.something elseC.else anything
21.1don thave niceclothes shoes.A.some;and B.any;and C.some;or D.any;orB.some
22.Be careful!The knifeis sharp.You maycut
23.The childrenenjoyed inthe park.A.they B.themselves C.them
24.You cansee inthe mirror镜子.A.their B.your C.yourself
25.一Do youneed helpA.yourself B.your C.myA.yourself B.myself C.me D.you—No,thanks.I cando it
二、用单词正确形式填空
26.Letshe helptheoldman.
27.Look!The boyis showinghe newclothes towe.
28.—What swrongwithshe—She havea headache.
29.Sometimes Ising anddance withthey.
30.Would youplease passmy thefork.
31.I wantto gotothepark.What aboutthey。
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