英语不规则动词表

英语四级不规则动词表（阐明下表为常用不规则动词的过去式和过去分词有日勺动词列出两种过去分词形式，其中有*号的常用作形容词）第一组型“A-A-A”动词原形过去式过去分词（打赌）bet bettedbettedburst（爆裂）burst burst投cast castcast广播broadcast broadcastedbroadcasted预报forecast forecastedforecasted（价钱为）cost costcost（切）cut cutcut（打）hit hithit（使受伤）hurt hurthurt（让）let letlet（放）put putput放弃quit quittedquitted读read[ri:d]read[red]read[red]（使挣脱）rid riddedridded（放）set setset（弄翻）upset upsetupset（流出）shedshed shed（关闭）shut shutshut（劈开）split splitsplit传播spread spreadspread插thrustthrust thrust（弄湿）wet wettedwetted第二组型“A-B-B”动词原形过去式过去分词（弯曲）bend bentbent捆绑bind boundbound（出血）bleed bledbled繁殖breed bredbred物质名词和抽象名词可以借助单位词表一定的数量，如a glassof watera pieceofadvicea pileof caola flashof lighteninga burstof laughter编辑本段定语名词的复数

4.I名词作定语一般用单数，但也有如下例外）用复数作定语例如1运动会学生阅览室sports meetingstudents reading-room谈判桌夕卜语系talks tablethe foreignlanguages department）等作定语时，其单复数以所修饰的名词的单复数而2man,woman,gentleman IJ定例如men workerswomen teachersgentlemen officials）有些原有结尾的名词，作定语时，保留例如3s s（货车）武器生产goods trainarms produce海关文献衣刷customs papersclothes brush）数词+名词作定语时，这个名词一般保留单数形式例如4两打鸡蛋十英里路two-dozen eggsa ten-mile walk两百棵树一种五年计划two-hundred treesa five-year plan.不一样国籍人的单复数

5.名称总称（谓语用复数）一种人两个人中国人the Chinesea Chinesetwo Chinese瑞士人the Swissa Swisstwo Swiss澳大利亚人the Australiansan Australiantwo Australians俄国人the Russiansa Russiantwo Russians意大利人the Italiansan Italiantwo Italians希腊人the Greeka Greektwo Greeks法国人the Frencha Frenchmantwo Frenchmen日本人the Japanesea Japanesetwo Japanese美国人the Americansan Americantwo Americans印度人the Indiansan Indiantwo Indians加拿大人the Canadiansa Canadiantwo Canadians德国人the Germansa Germantwo Germans英国人the Englishan Englishmantwo Englishmen瑞典人the Swedisha Swedetwo Swedes可数名词有单数和复数两种形式表达一种人或物用Singular FormPlural Form单数形式,表达一种以上日勺人或物用复数形式［］在［］后与［］一起例读如［:］ts dd dz一般在词尾加在浊辅音背面读［］在清辅音背面读⑶，在国后与也一起读1,-s sz,书天、日book—books day—days狗树dog—dogs tree—trees以结尾日勺词在词尾加读［］.例如

2.s,sh,ch,x-es,iz玻璃杯手表glass-glasses watch-watches一盒子刷子box boxes brush-brushes.以结尾的词有些加读［］；有些加读⑶例如3o-es,z-s,西红柿土豆tomato—tomatoes potato—potatoes相片收音机photo—photos radio—radios动物园zoo—zoos以或结尾欧词，先把改为再加-读［］例如

4.f feJ fv,es,vz小刀树叶knife—knives leaf—leaves生命小偷life-lives thief-thieves以辅音字母加结尾的先把v改为再加读国例如

5.y i,-es,故事者市story—stories city—cities E家庭婴儿family—families baby—babies注意男孩玩具钥匙boy—boys toy—toys key—keys有些名词有不规则的复数形式例如

6.J男人妇女man-men woman-women牙齿脚tooth-teeth foot-feet有些名词的单复数形式相似例如；

7.一鹿绵羊deer deersheep-sheep中国人日本人Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese有些学科名词虽以结尾,但一般都做单数名词看待例如

8.s物理数学政治新闻physics mathspolitics news有些单数形式的名词具有复数的含义，要当作复数看待例如

9.形式规则不

1.式，如自古英语日勺复数形来1child——children foot——feet tooth—teeth goose——geeseman——men woman-women mouse——mice louse——lice人们，人民警察公众people policepublicox--oxen penny-pence analysis---analyses appendix---appendicesparenthesis---parentheses basis---bases ellipsis---ellipsesaxis---axes hypothesis---hypothesesoasis---oases crisis——crisescriterion---criteria phenomenon---phenomena datum---data medium---media bacterium-bacterianucleus-nuclei fungus---fungi stimulus-stimulialumnus-alumni focus-foci radius-radii terminus---terminilarva---larvae alga---algae formula---formulae#现代美国英语中往往把当做单数用，因此常见到复数形式此外,是一data datasolens种单数可数名词，其复数形式为lenses）词尾读音为⑴并以一或一结尾日勺名词复数形式有如下几种状况:1f febelief-beliefs chief----chiefs cliff--cliffs grief----griefs不规则形式，即把一或一变成一再加一读音为bf fev,es,[vz]:calf-calves half-halvesleaf----leaves life——livesloaf-loaves self-shelves thief-thieves wife---wiveswolf-wolves既可是规则形式又可是不规则形式cdwarf-dwarfs/dwarves hoof-hoofs/hovesscarf-scarfs/scarves wharf-wharfs/wharves词干以一结尾的名次有三种状况附属形式为一此类词包括缩略词3a s:kilos,photos；表达国籍或民族的词以及Filipinos,Eskimos radios,solos,sopranos,studios复数形式b c复数有规则式，如口勺和不规则的两种形Icargo—cargos/cargoesmosquito---mosquitos/mosquitoes volcano——volacbos/volcanoes如:heroes,potatoes,tomatoes,Negroes.单复数同形的名词2某些动物名词，如等1deer,grouse,salmon,trout,carp,bison,sheep以一或一结尾的表达民族或国籍欧名词，如2ese ssJ I等Chinses,Japanese,Portuguese,Swiss,Vietnamese某些以一结尾日勺名词，如3s等barracks,corps,crossroads,gallows,headquarters,means,series,species,works某些表达计量单位的名词,如等4J horsepower,hertz,kilohertzji,mu其他某些名词，如其中请尤其注意一结尾aircraft,spacercarft,craft,offspring so欧单复数同形的名词，它们是考试的重点！！I

3.不可数名词前一般不需要加定冠词，永远不能加不定冠词！例如下列使用方法均属错误the mathematicsthe bankinga clothan equipment不可数名词作主语，谓语要用单数形式如Water isimportant.但假如不可数名词前面被等词修饰时，谓语应当与等的单piece,drop,set piece,drop,set复数形式保持一致例如:Few dropsof waterare neededto savethe flower.下面是经典日勺不可数名词，是应当熟记日勺！!air,smoke,steam,vapor,hydrogen,oxygen,nitrogen,water,oil,soup,juice,ink,rain,snow,ice,tea,coffee,wine,sunlight,sunshine,lightning,thunder,weather,darkness,heat Jight,electricity,energy,power,sugar,salt,rice,corn,powder,flour,sand,dust,dirt,garbage,grass,hair,furniture,luggage,clothing,mail,equipment,food,meat,fruit,bread,toast,stone,iron,copper,chalk,paper,glass,wood,money,poetry,jewelry,machinery,weaponry,personnel,scenery,happiness,kindness,honesty,friendship,attention,wisdom,success,courage,bravery,health,wealth,ignorance,trouble,easejuckjaughterjove,peace,news,information,knowledge,intelligence,fun,pleasure,entertainment,enjoyment,recreation,relaxation,progress,room,work,homework,population,percent,mathematics,econmics,statistics,meteorology,anthropology,architecture,physics,photography,ethics,politics,mechanics,genetics,geology,geography,chemistry,philosophy,biology,history,music,English,measles,mumps,diabetes,malaria,pediatrics,obsterics请尤其注意其中以一结尾日勺不可数名词，大家平时应当积累碰到的不可数名词s I!!注意下列可数名词！！poet poemessay newspapermachine weaponscene photographphotogr apher英语中有许多名词既可作可数，又可作不可数如:作“人或动物的毛”日勺时hair I候是可数名词，作头发解释时是不可数名词判断一种词与否可数，除了记忆以外，重要看题中该名词的修饰词来决定如只能修饰不可数名词much.单数形式和复数形式的词义不一样的名词英语中有些名词的复数形式的词义不一4样于单数形式，如（空气）一（气派）（手臂）一（武器）air airarm arms（灰）一-（骨灰；废ash ashes墟）（权利）（当局）（织物）（衣服）（含authority I---authorities cloth---clothes content量）（目录）---contentscustom（习惯）一customs（海关；关税）damage（损害）---damages（赔偿金）force（力量）---forces（武装部队）glass（玻璃）---glasses（眼镜）good（利益）---goods（货品）green（绿色）---greens（青菜）（字母）（文学）（方式）（举止，仪态）（分letter---letters manner---manners minute钟）---（记录）minutespain（痛苦）---pains（劳苦）papaer（纸）---papers（文献）quarter（l/4）---quarter（宿舍）（光景）（眼镜）（精神）—（烈性酒）（时spectacle---spectacles spiritspirits time间）---times（时代）water（水）一waters（水域）wood（木头）---woods（森林）work（工作）一（工厂）works,单数名词不能单独存在，一般前面应当有限定词修饰

1.不定冠词永远只能修饰单数可数名词2a/an和永远只能修饰单数可数名词

3.every each但数词+复数名词是对欧的如every+I I,every tenyears.序数词背面一般使用单数可数名词4永远只修饰单数可数名词

5.anther但数词复数名词是对时时，如another+/few+another eightyears;another fewbooks一般修饰复数名词，也可修饰不可数名词但单数名词或

6.other the other+is/was any单数名词是对欧的!，如other+IWe havetwo girlsin thisteam.One isMary,the otheris Alice.Henry Smithis tallerthanany otherstudent inhis class.下列词和短语只能修饰复数名词

7.these,those,many,various,several,numerous,diverse,few,afew,both,a good/large/great numberof,numbersof,one of.不小于欧词数只能修饰复数名词81I!!牢记日勺构造限定词+复数名词！！one/two/many+of+.只能修饰单数可数名词的词9one,anther,a/an,this,that,each,every,either,!!注意！！以及such a,many amany studentmany astudent.只能修饰复数可数名词的词10的数字1two,six,hundred,thousand,million,both,several,many,few,a few,these,those,agood/1arge/great numberofnumbers of,the numberof,numbers of,numerous,various,diverse,a seriesof,awide rangeof,collevtion of只修饰不可数名词的词

11.Imuch,little,a litter,a greatdeal of,a greatamount of,a pieceof,an articleof既可可数又能修饰数的词

12.all of饰不some oflots anyofplenty ofenough halfof ofwealth apart oflotofof nomost oftheotherofrest ofone thirdof suchvarietyofbring（带来）brought brought（建筑）build builtbuiltbum（燃烧）burnt,burned burnt*,burned1（买）buy boughtbought（捉住）catch caughtcaughtclothe（给…穿衣服）clothed clothed（爬行）creep creptcrept（对付）deal[di:l]dealtfdelt]dealt[delt]（挖）dig dugdug（做梦）dream[dr i:m]dreamed|dri:md|dreamed!dri:md|dreamt[dremt]dreamt[dremt]feed（喂）fed fedfeel（感觉）felt felt（战斗）fight foughtfoughtfind（找到）found foundflee（逃走）fled fled（得到）（主美）get gotgot,gotten*（磨碎）grind groundground（悬挂）hang hunghung（绞死）hang hangedhangedhave（有）had had（听见）hear heard[h:d]heard[h:d]（起伏）heave heaved,hove heaved,hovehold（拿着）held held（保持）keep keptkept（跪）kneel knelt,kneeled knelt,kneeldlay（放下）laid laidlead（领导）led ledmislead（误导）misled misled（靠）lean[li:n]leant[lent]leant[lent]leaned[li:nd]leaned[li:nd]（跳）leap[li:p]leapt[lept]leapt[lept]leaped[li:pt;lept]leaped[li:pt;lept]（学）learn learned,learnt learned*2,learnt（离开）leave leftleftlend（把…借给）lent lent（点燃）light lit,lighted lit,lighted（失去）lose lostlost（制造）make mademade（意指）mean[mi:n]meantfment]meant[ment]（遇见）meet metmetmelt（熔化）melted melted,molten*（支付）pay paidpaid（主美）prove（证明）proved proved,proven（说）say[sei]said[sed]said[sed]（寻找）seek soughtsought（卖）sell soldsold（送）send sentsentshave（刮脸）shaved shaved,shaven*shine（照耀）shone Ashoneshoot（发射）shot shot（坐）sit satsat（睡）sleep sleptsleptslide（滑动）slid slid（嗅）smell smelled,smelt smelled,smelt（迅速前进）speed sped,speeded sped,speeded（拼写）spell spelt,spelled spelt,spelled（花费）spend spentspent（溢出）spill spilt,spilled spilt,spilled（旋转）spin spunspun（吐痰）spit spat,spit spat,spit（宠坏）spoil spoiled,spoilt spoiled,spoilt*（站，立）stand stoodstood（误解）misunderstand misunderstoodmisunderstoodunderstand（理解）understood understoodwithstand（经受）withstood withstoodstick（粘住）stuck stuck（刺）sting stungstung（打）strike struckstruck（缚）string strungstrungsweep（扫）swept swept（摇摆）swing swungswung（教）teach taughttaughttell（告诉）told told（想）think thoughtthought（哭泣）weep weptwept（获胜）win wonwon（绕）wind woundwound注.在第二组动词中，有些两种过去式和过去分词形式，一种以T结尾1一种以一结尾（规则形式）一般来说，前者多见于英国英语，而后者尤为美国英语所ed用作形容词用时,读作［［（（（（（（（］

2.learned表达“擦亮”的意思时，用作规则动词

3.shine第三组型动词原形过去式过去分词（出现）arise arosearisen（唤醒）awake awoke,awaked awoken,awakedbear（生）bore borne,born*1（开始）begin beganbegun（命令）bid bade,bid bidden,bid2forbid（严禁）forbade,forbad forbidden（咬）bite bitbittenblow（吹）blew blownbreak（打破）broke broken（选择）choose chosechosendo（做）did doneundo（解开）undid undonedraw（拉）drew drawnwithdraw（撤退）withdrew withdrawndrink（喝）drank drunkdrive（驾驶）drove driven（吃）（英）［］（美）［］eat ateet;eit eiteatenfall（落下）fell fallen（忘掉）forget forgotforgotten（飞）flew flownflyfreeze（结冰）froze frozen（给）give gavegiven（原谅）forgive forgaveforgiven（去）go wentgone（经历）undergo underwentundergone（生长）grow grewgrown（隐藏）hide hidhidden,hidknow（懂得）knew known（躺）lie laylainride（骑）rode ridden（响）ring rangrungrise（升起）rose risen（锯）saw sawedsawn,sawed（看见）see sawseen（缝）sew sewedsewn,sewed（摇动）shake shookshaken（表明）show showedshown,showedshrink（收缩）shrank shrunk（唱）sing sangsungsink（下沉）sanksunksow（播种）sowed sown,sowed（说）speak spokespoken（跳）spring sprangsprung（偷）steal stolestolen（立誓）swear sworesworn（肿胀）swell swelledswollen,swelled（游泳）swim swamswumtake（拿）took takenmistake（弄错）mistook mistakenovertake（赶上）overtook overtakenundertake（承担）undertook undertaken（撕）tear toretorn（兴旺）thrive throve,thrived thriven,thrived（投）throw threwthrown（醒来）wake woke,waked woken,waked（穿着）wear woreworn（织，编）weave wovewoven（写）write wrotewritten注一般作“生（育尸解时，过去分词用.作“出生”解时，过去分词用Lbear borne该词用作其他意思时，过去分词一般为试比较:born borneo.她已生（育）了五个孩子Sh.ha.bom.fiv.children.他出生于年1955,所有维修费用将由我们企业承担ALth.cost.O.th.repair.wiLb.bom.b.ou.company.表达“出价”“叫牌”等意思时，过去式与过去分词形式均为

2.bi bid」.表达“说谎”的意思时，用作规则动词3i第四组“其他型”动词原形过去式过去分词（是）be was,were beenbeatbeat beatencomecame comebecomebecame becomeovercomeovercame overcomerunran run名词复数构成措施及读音规则

1..名词复数日勺不规则变化

2.不可数名词量的表达3定语名词曰勺复数

4.不一样国籍人的单复数

5.构成措施及读音规则

1.）——般状况力口一1s:map-maps boy-boys girl-girls pen-pens bagbagscar-cars清辅音后读浊辅音和元音后读/s//z/）以结尾加读2s,sh,ch,x-es,/iz/bus-buses watch-watches box-boxesbrush-brushes）以辅音字母结尾,变为再加读3+y yi es,/z/baby------babies city-cities country-countries但以结尾的专有名词，或元音字母结尾的名词变复数时，直接加变复数y+y s例如two Marysthe Henrysmonkey-------------------monkeys holiday--------------holidays）以结尾的名词，变复数时4以两个元音字母结尾（其一必然是）时，加a.o szoo-zoos kangaroo-kangaroos某些外来词b.potato-potatoes tomato-tomatoes hero-heroes Negro-Negroes其他状况，都加c.s）以或结尾的名词变复数时5f fe力口如a.s,.belief-----------beliefs roof----------------roof.safe-------safes gulf--------------gulfs；去力口如:b.f,f.ves,half-------------halves.knife--------knives leaf--------------leaves wolf-------------wolveswife-------wives life--------------lives thief---------------thieves；上述和两种措施均可，如c.a bhandkerchief,handkerchief..handkerchieves..名词复数的不规则变化21child--------children foot---------------feet tooth--------------teethmouse------mice man----------men woman---------women注意由一种词加或构成的合成词，其复数形式也是和一man womanJ-men women,如但不是合成词，故复数形式为an Englishman,two EnglishmenGerman Germans；Bowman是姓，其复数是the Bowmanso单复同形，如2deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese,li,jin,yuan,two li,three mu,four jin等但除人民币的元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等均有复数形式如I adollar,two dollars;a meter,two meterso集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数例如

3.等自身就是复数，不people policecattl能但可以说・・people,.police,.cattle,・person,.policeman,.hea.o.cattle.以结尾，仍为单数的名词，如4s I等学科名词，一般是不可数名词，为单数.a.maths,politics,physics为不可数名词.b.new.应视为单数.c.th.Unite.States,th.Unite.Nation.联合国是年组建起来的Th.Unite.Nation.wa.organize.i.

1945.1945L以复数形式出现的书名，剧名，报纸，杂志名，也可视为单数例如.d.《一千零一夜》〃Th・Arabia.Nights,i..ver.interestin.story-book.是一本非常有趣的故事书.）表达由两部分构成的东西，如（眼镜）等，若体现详5glasses trousers,clothes细数目，要借助数量词（对，双）；pair suit（套）;等a pairof glasses;two pairsof trousers）此外尚有某些名词，其复数形式有时可表达尤其意思，如货品，6goods waters水域，（多种）鱼fishes）有些表达生物的名词，其复数形式与单数相似如7fish-fish,sheep-sheep,deer-deero止匕类名词尚有等aircraft,means不可数名词量的表达

3.）物质名词1当物质名词转化为个体名词时为可数.a.比较蛋糕是一种食物（不可数）Cake isa kindof food.这些蛋糕很好吃（可数）These cakesare sweet.当物质名词表达该物质的种类时，可数例如.b.（不可数）This factoryproduces steel.（可数）We needvarious steels.当物质名词表达份数时，可数例如.c.我国因茶叶而闻名.Ou.countr.i.famou.fo.tea.请来两杯茶.Tw.teas,please.）抽象名词表达详细日勺事例时也可数例如2四大自由四个现代化four freedomsthe fourmodernizations。