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通州区学年第二学期高一年级期末质量检测2023-2024英语试卷本试卷共10页，共100分考试时长90分钟考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效考试结束后，请将答题卡交回第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题;每小题
1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑Reagan,a booklover,looked upfrom hisreading asthe bellrang over the entranceto thebookstore.Puzzled,he（柜台）watched fora minuteas Darya]toward thecounter as if to ask aquestion.It didntmake sensethat Darya,one oftheschooPs topathletes,was ina bookstore.Not wanting to be noticed,Reagan2found anothervolume toread.Hewouldnt knowwhat tosay ifshe triedto starta conversationbecause he thought theytwo were toodifferent tohave anythingto
3.“Hey,Reagan.Her greeting4him,and hisbreath caughtin histhroat as it became apparent he hadnt escapedafterall.Maybe you can helpme・He doubtedit,but hemanaged tochoke outa reply,Me”Im tryingto5a bookon soccerskills.I wontbe able to goto campover springbreak,and Ineed toimprove mygame beforethe nextseason begins.”Reagan swallowed,then motionedrandomly withhis handsbefore hefound hisvoice.Sure.Over here.^^Hethought itwould saveconfusion if he just6the wayrather thantry topoint herin theright direction.As shefollowed himthrough the shelves,he dared to imagine they might not be so7after all.He felta briefflash ofhope,the sunshining suddenlywhere allhad beengray.
8.one ofDaryas teammatesappeared as if out ofnowhere,urging herto finishany purchases,or theywould belate forpractice.Sighing,Reagan realizednothing hadreallychanged;the differenceswould neverlet thembreak downthose barriers,even ifthey sochose.Instead,she turnedto Reaganwith a9smile,“Thanks foryour help,and hey,maybe wecould playsoccer sometime^^Surprised butpleased,Reagans heartleapt at the unexpected10,a signthat perhaps
1.A.rushedB.walked C.drove D.turned
2.A.apparently B.obviously C.quickly D.finally
3.A.talk aboutB.deal withC.carry outD.settle in
4.A.inspiredB.reminded C.attacked D.surprised
5.A.locate（跨越）the barrierswere notas insurmountableas hedthought.B.figure C.gather D.deliverLEO ismoving towardsKesslers syndrome.Accidental collisionsin spacealso increasethe orbital overload,such asthe2009collision betweentwo satellites,Kosmos2251and Iridium
33.Such eventshave worsenedthe orbitaldebris problemand raisedthe prospectof disastrousspaceconditions.The needfor sustainablespace activitiesand thereduction ofspace debrisis beingemphasized globallyto addresstherising spacepollution.Therefore,governments haveissued manyregulatory measures,including activedebris removalADRtechnologies orpollution prevention,which areeither planned,tested,or alreadycarried outto protectboth existingspacecraftand onesset tobe launched.Besides regulatory measures severalmitigating methodsare alsoused to reduce the orbitaloverload.One suchmethod involves causing a satellite to break down naturally by bringing it closer to Earths surface so it burns up in theatmosphere.This methodis consideredcost-effective becausethe defunctsatellite can be pushedtoward theEarths surfaceata loweraltitude usinga physicaltool likea netor anair-bursting tool.Another similartechnology usesa harpoonthat isfired in the direction of the targetedspacecraft tocapture itand directit towardsEarth inan activemanner,causing thedebris to deorbit and planatmospheric incineration.To reducethe long-term riskof collisions,the focusneeds tobe onreducing theamount of debris in theorbit.International cooperationand continuedinvestment indebris reductiontechnologies arecarried outto reducethepotentially disastrous consequences of an overcrowded orbit.
28.What is the parimaryconcern regardingorbital debrisA.Its impact on weatherpatterns.B.Its impacton futurespace missions.C.Its impacton satellitecommunication.D.Its impacton naturalatmospheric processes.
29.What doesthe underlinedword“mitigating“in Paragraph6most probablymeanA.Lessening.B.Worsening.C.Curing.D.Strengthening.
30.What are some regulatoryand mitigationmeasures to address space debrisA.Frequent satellitelaunches.B.More spacetourism fortax.C.Active debrisremoval technologies.D.More spacetelescopes formonitoring.
31.What canwe learnfrom thispassageA.There areno existingmethods toreduce spacedebris.B.Reducing spacedebris callsfor jointand furtherefforts.C.The kesslersyndrome isa minorconcern forspace missions.D.Active debrisremoval ADRtechnologies arethe onlysolution tospacedebris.【答案】
28.B
29.A
30.C
31.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了太空活动产生的轨道碎片问题，以及如何通过各种方法和技术来减少和处理这些碎片【题详解】28细节理解题根据文章第二段“Every launch of satellites or rockets adds to the problem,increasing therisk that（每次卫星或火箭的发射都会加剧这个问题，negatively influencesnot onlyspace missionsbut also future endeavors.增加的风险不仅影响太空任务，也影响未来的努力）可推知轨道碎片的主要问题是对未来太空任务的影响故选B【题详解】29词句猜测题根据文章第六段“One suchmethodinvolvescausingasatellitetobreakdownnaturallybybringingit（其中一种方法是通过使卫星更接近地球表面，使其在大closertoEarthssurfacesoitburnsupin theatmosphere.气中燃烧，从而使卫星自然解体）uAnother similartechnology usesa harpoonthat isfiredin thedirectionof thetargetedspacecraft tocapture itand directit towardsEarth inan activemanner,causing the debristodeorbitandplanatmospheric incineration.n（另一种类似的技术是使用一个鱼叉向目标航天器的方向发射，以捕获它,并以主动的方式将其引导到地球上，使碎片脱离轨道，并计划在大气中焚烧）可知，除了监管措施外，还使用了几种减轻的方法来减少轨道过载在这里的意思是减轻故选“mitigating”A【题详解】30细节理解题根据文章第五段uTherefore,governments haveissued manyregulatorymeasures,including activedebris（）removal ADRtechnologies orpollution prevention,which areeither planned,tested,or alreadyearned outto protectbothexisting spacecraftand onesset tobe launched.v（因此，各国政府已经出台了许多监管措施，包括主动清除碎片（ADR）技术或污染预防，这些措施已经被计划、测试或已经实施，以保护现有的航天器和即将发射的航天器）可推知，处理太空碎片的措施包括主动清除碎片技术故选C题详解】[31推理判断题根据文章最后一段“To reducethe long-term riskof collisions,the focusneeds tobe onreducing theamountofdebrisin theorbit.International cooperationand continuedinvestment indebris reductiontechnologies are（为了减少长期碰撞的风险，carried outtoreducethe potentiallydisastrousconsequencesof anovercrowdedorbit.需要关注减少轨道上的碎片数量进行国际合作并持续投资于减少碎片的技术，以减少轨道过度拥挤可能带来的灾难性后果）可推知，减少太空碎片需要共同和进一步的努力故选BD（化石）An internationalteam of fossil huntershas discoveredthe remainsofanursery“of prehistoricsea creaturesinChina.The fossilsdate backto around518million years ago——a timeknown asthe CambrianPeriod,when alllife onEarthlived inthe oceans.It isvery rareto findso manyfossils from the CambrianPeriod inone place.The scientists,led byXianfeng Yangfrom YunnanUniversity,found2,846fossils from118different speciesat thesite,near thecity ofKunming.They includeancient ancestorsof modern-day insects,shellfish andworms,as well as（三叶虫）.extinct trilobitesSeventeen of the species discovered are new to science,and morethan halfof the fossils areyoung animals.This has led researchersto theconclusion thatthe sitewas asort ofdeep-sea nurserywhere conditionswere wellsuitedfor youngcreatures togrow.When thesea bed was coveredby softmud（泥）these creatures5remains wereperfectly preserved,eventually creatinga layerof fossil-rich rock.Alongside hardbody parts,like bonesand teeth,soft tissuewas alsopreserved,which isespecially importantwhenlooking backto aperiod whenmost animalshad softbodies.Some of thefossils aresowell preservedthat researchershavebeen ableto spotbody partstheyve neverseen before.One benefitof all the youngcreatures fossilsis thatscientists will be ableto learnhow the creatures changedas theyaged.“Well seehow differentbody partsgrew overtime,“explained researcherJulien Kimmig,from PennStateUniversity inthe US,which issomething wecurrently donot knowabout fbrmost of these groups.Whafs more,Kimmig andhis colleagueswillbe abletocompare the creatures withliving thingstoday.We willsee ifhow theseanimalsdevelop todayis similarto how they developed500million yearsago,or ifsomething haschanged throughout
32.What canwe learn about thefossils foundA.Half ofthem areextinct seacreatures.B.They arespread outover differentsites.C.Some ofthem arepreviously unknownspecies.D.They belongto rare animals livingintheoceans.
33.What keptthecreatures9remains frombeing damagedA.They wereprotected inrocks.B.They wereburied inthe deepsea.C.The seafloorwas coatedwith mud.D.The sea bedwasin goodcondition.
34.What doscientists wantto learnfromthefossilsA.The creatures5age.B.Changes inthecreatures9growth.C.Similarities betweenthese speciesgroups.D.The creatures9impactonliving thingstoday.【答案】
32.C
33.D
34.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文文章主要说明了一个国际化石猎人小组在中国发现了一个史前海洋生物“托儿所”的遗迹这些化石可以追溯到大约
5.18亿年前-----------个被称为寒武纪的时期，当时地球上所有的生命都生活在海洋中在一个地方发现这么多寒武纪的化石是非常罕见的【32题详解】细节理解题根据第二段u Seventeenofthespeciesdiscoveredarenewtoscience,and morethan half.（发现的物种中有个是科学上的新物种，超过一半的化石是年轻的动物）”可ofthefossilsareyounganimals17知，发现的化石中一些是以前不为人知的物种故选C【33题详解】细节理解题根据第三段“When theseabedwas coveredby softmud（泥）these creatures9remainswere.（当海床被软泥覆盖时，这些生物的遗骸被完perfectlypreserved,eventually creatinga layeroffossil-rich rock好地保存了下来，最终形成了一层富含化石的岩石）”可知，海床状况良好让这些生物的遗骸不被破坏故选D【题详解】细节理解题根据最后一段34“One benefitof allthe youngcreatures fossilsis thatscientists willbeable（所有这些年轻生物化石的一个好处是，科学家将能够了解这些生to learnhow thecreatures changedas theyaged.物随着年龄的增长是如何变化的）”可知，科学家们想从这些化石中了解生物生长的变化故选B第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑选项中有两项为多余选项Culture shockis thefeeling ofuncertainty,confusion,or anxietythat peoplemay getwhen theylive inor visitanothercountry thatdiffers fromtheir own.35It canundoubtedly affectpeoples lives.Thefollowing aresome waysto deal with cultureshock.Have agood understandingof cultureand cultureshock.There aremany factorsthat makeup aculture,includingshared beliefs,traditions andmorals.36Its becausethey aresurrounded bypeople withthe same beliefs and values,and cultural differences areonly clearwhen you meet someone elses culture.（日记）（不知所措的）Keep ajournal of your thoughts.37And youare feelinga bitoverwhelmedwith the culture there.Rather thangiving into youranxiety,write itout.Write downhow youfelt atthe momentand whattroubledyou ormade youhappy thatday.You canalso putsomething downif youre missing anyone from your（隐居者）hometown.38Donl allowyourself tobecome arecluse duringthis experience.You canshare yourfeelings andexperiences withyour relativesand friends.If youare studyingabroad andhave otherclassmateswho havesimilar feelings,connect withthem aswellaswith thosewho areadjusting abit moreeasily.Do somethings you usually like.Dont allowthecultureshock tooccupy yourmind.And try to dosomethinginteresting toreplace arange ofnegative emotions,including anxiety,sadness,anger,homesickness,and sometimesevendepression.39Or practiceyour hobbieslike readingand dancing.A.Share yourculture.B.Talk toothers about your experiences.C.Try tostep outsideofyourown culture.D.Sometimes sucha feelingcan bevery strong.E.You canwatch moviesor listen to musicthat you enjoy.F.Many peopledont realizehow cultureinfluences them.G.Perhaps youhave recently moved to a new city or country.【答案】
35.D
36.F
37.G
38.B
39.E【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文文章主要讲述了四种应对文化冲击带来的影响的方法，帮助人们克服或者缓解文化冲击带来的不适和感受【题详解】35根据前句（文化冲击是一种不确定、困惑或焦虑的“Culture shockisthefeeling ofuncertainty,confusion,or anxiety”感觉）前文提出来文化冲击这个概念，这个空应该也是关于文化冲击带来的感觉，项D“Sometimes sucha feeling其中与前文相呼应故选项can bevery strong.”a feelingfeeling D【题详解】36根据后句Its becausethey aresurrounded bypeople withthe samebeliefsandvalues,and culturaldifferences areonlyclear when youmeetsomeoneelse、culture/5（这是因为他们周围的人都有相同的信仰和价值观，只有当你遇到别人的文化时，文化差异才会明显）可知，项其中F“Many peopledont realizehow cultureinfluences them.”culture与后句中形成呼应结构，符合本段语境故选项culturaldifferencesF【题详解】37根据下文（意思是如果你想念家“You canalso putsomething downif you*remissinganyone fromyour hometown”乡的人，你也可以写下一些东西）可知，这段话是在介绍远离故乡在外的时候的情况项G“Perhaps youhave其中与后句中recentlymoved toa newcity orcountry.movedtoanewcityorcountry missinganyonefrom相呼应，表示关于远离故乡，离开故乡的事情故选项your hometownG【题详解】38根据下文（你可以和你的亲戚朋友分“You canshare yourfeelings andexperiences withyour relativesand friends^^享你的感受和经历）可知，项中与后文中B“Talk toothers aboutyour experiences.”experiences feelingsand形成呼应结构，符合本段语境，因此这个空作为这段话的主题句，说和别人谈论你的经历故选experiences B项【题详解】39根据上文（做一些你平时喜欢做的事情）可知项“Do somethings youusually likeE“You canwatch moviesor listen其中与前文相呼应，表示听一些你喜欢听的音乐或者看你喜欢to musicthat youenjoy.”youenjoyyouusuallylike看的电影故选项E【点睛】第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共6小题;每小题2分，共12分）根据中文和给出的英文提示词语，完成下列英文句子将答案写在答题卡指定区域内
40.唐人街是多元文化的一个重要组成部分（Chinatowns,diverseculture）（汉译英）【答案】Chinatowns arean important part of diverse culture.【解析】【详解】考查句子结构和时态根据汉语提示可知，本句在陈述事实，为一般现在时，句子为主系表结构唐人街为是为多元文化的一个重要组成部分为故翻译为Chinatowns,are,an importantpart ofdiverse cultureoChinatownsareanimportantpartofdiverseculture.在那时候，来自中国的移民定居在这个地区（）（汉译英）
41.immigrants,settle【答案】In those days,the immigrantsfrom Chinasettled inthe area.【解析】【详解】考查动词时态和名词表示“移民”应用名词此处表复数概念，用复数形式；表示immigrant,“定居”应用动词settle；表示“在这个地区”介词短语为inthe area作地点状语；表示“在那时候”应用介词短语作时间状语；表示“来自中国”应用介词短语作后置定语根据时间状语“在那in thosedays from China时候”可知，动词应使用一般过去时故翻译为:settled Inthosedays,the immigrantsfromChinasettled inthearea
42.作为医生，我们必须对患者负责（responsible,patients）（汉译英）【答案】As doctors,we mustbe responsiblefor ourpatients.【解析】【详解】考查形容词、情态动词、固定短语“作为医生”可表述为；“必须”用情态动词“As doctors后跟动词原形；“对……负责短语为；患者”是整体翻译为must,be responsiblefor“patients”As doctors,we mustbe responsiblefor ourpatients.
43.工作了几年之后，林医生被派往欧洲学习（send,Europe）（汉译英）【答案】After workingfor severalyears,Dr.Lin was sent to Europe to study.【解析】【详解】考查短语和时态“工作了几年之后”可翻译为“After workingfor severalyears，其中After是介词，其后接动名词作宾语；“被派往欧洲”可翻译为，句子描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，主语“besenttoEurope”是Dr.Lin,be动词用was；“学习”用动词study,“被派往欧洲学习”翻译为wassent toEurope to study整体翻o译为太空探索给世界带来了种种好处“After workingfor severalyears,Dr.Lin wassenttoEuropetostudy.”
44.（explore space,benefits）（汉译英）【答案】Exploring spacehas broughtvarious benefitsto the world.【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词短语、名词、时态表示“太空探索”应用动词短语explorespace；表示“种种好处”应用名词短语variousbenefits；表示“给世界带来”应用动词短语bring to theworld,因句子表示的是过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，谓语动词使用现在完成时因此，整句话翻译为Exploring spacehas broughtvarious benefitstothe worldo【点睛】
45.在此之前，大部分人认为在太空旅行是一个无法实现的梦（travellinginto space,impossibledream）（汉译英）【答案】Before that,most peoplethought thattravelling intospace was an impossibledream.【解析】【详解】考查从句、时态和非谓语根据汉语提示可知，本句在陈述过去的事情，为一般过去时“在此之前”为介词短语“Beforethat”，“大部分人认为“为most peoplethoughtthat,其中that引导宾语从句，“在太空旅行是一个无法实现的梦为,动名词作主语故番羽译为travelling intospace was an impossibledream.Beforethat,most peoplethought thattravelling intospace wasan impossibledream.第二节（20分）.假设你是红星中学李华，你的英国朋友暑期想要来中国旅游，了解中国少数民族文化请你给他写46Jim一封电子邮件，帮他推荐一座城市，内容包括.你的建议及理由；
1.你的祝愿2注意词数左右，开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数;
1.100可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯
3.Dear Jim,YoursLi Hua【答案】Dear Jim,Im thrilledto hearaboutyourupcoming visitto Chinaand yourinterest inexploring ourrich ethnicdiversity.Tdhighly recommend you to visit Guilin,a citynot onlyfamous forits breathtakinglandscapes butalso forits vibrantMiaoand Zhuangcultures.The LongjiRice Terracesoffer astunning viewwhile givinginsights intothe agriculturalpracticesof these communities.Additionally,attending alocal festival,such asthe MiaoNew Year,will immerseyou intraditionalmusic,dance,and cuisine.Wishing youan unforgettablejourney filledwith discoveryand joy.May thistrip enrichyour understandingofChinese cultureand leaveyou withcherished memories.Looking forwardto hearingall aboutyour adventureswhenyoureturn.Yours,Li Hua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文要求考生给英国朋友写一封电子邮件，推荐一座能体现少数民族文化Jim的城市【详解】.词汇积累多样性建议一1diversity—variety recommendadvise生气勃勃的vibrant—dively令人震惊的stunning—shocking
2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句rdhighlyrecommend you to visitGuilin,a citynot onlyfamous forits breathtakinglandscapes butalso forits vibrantMiao andZhuangcultures.拓展句Id highlyrecommendyoutovisitGuilin,which isnot onlyfamous forits breathtakinglandscapes butalso foritsvibrant Miaoand Zhuangcultures.【点睛】[高分句型1]The LongjiRice Terracesoffer astunning viewwhile givinginsights intothe agricultural（运用了状语从句的省略结构）practices ofthesecommunities.[高分句型2]Additionally,attending alocal festival,such asthe MiaoNew Year,will immerseyou intraditional music,（运用了动名词作主语）dance,and cuisine.
6.A.controlled B.led C.designed D.made
7.A.particular B.unique C.different D.determined
8.A.Luckily B.Actually C.Slowly D.Immediately
9.A.warm B.forced C.crazy D.determined
10.A.congratulation C.electionB.invitation D.fortune【答案】l.B
2.C
6.B
7.C
8.D
3.A
4.D
5.A
9.A
10.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了在书店遇到学校顶尖运动员并帮助她找到一本关于足球技Reagan Darya,巧的书的故事在这个过程中，意识到他们之间的差异并不是不可逾越的，的邀请让他感到惊喜，Reagan Darya也让他看到了打破壁垒的希望11题详解】考查动词词义辨析句意他困惑地看着走向柜台，好像要问一个问题匆忙；Darya DaryaA.rushed B.walked走；驾驶;转身根据下文可知，走向柜台,表示她在书店里走动，故C.drove D.turned“toward thecounter”Darya选B【题详解】2考查副词词义辨析句意:不想被注意到，迅速找到了另一本书来读显然地;明显Reagan ApparentlyB.obviously地；C.quickly迅速地；D.finally最后根据上文u Notwantingtobenoticed,,可知，Reagan不想被注意到，所以他迅速找到了另一本书来读，故选C【题详解】3考查动词短语辨析句意他不会知道该说什么，如果她试图开始一个对话，因为他认为他们两个太不同，没有什么可谈的谈论；处理；执行；适应（新工作、新学校等）A.talk aboutB.dealwithC.carry outD.settle in根据上文可知，认为他和太不同，没有“he thought they twowere toodifferent tohave anythingto”Reagan Darya什么可谈论的，故选A【题详解】4考查动词词义辨析句意她的问候让他感到惊讶，当他意识到自己终究没能逃脱时，他的呼吸卡在喉咙里激励；提醒；攻击；使惊讶根据下文A.inspired B.reminded C.attacked D.surprised“asitbecame apparenthe hadn^escaped afteralln可知，Darya的问候让Reagan感到惊讶，因为他原以为自己逃脱了，没想到会被注意到，故选D【题详解】5考查动词词义辨析句意我正在找一本关于足球技巧的书定位、找出……的准确地点；A.locate B.figure计算；C.gather收集；D.deliver递送根据下文ua bookon soccerskillsw可知,Darya在找一本关于足球技巧的书，所以需要找到这本书，故选A【题详解】6考查动词词义辨析句意他认为如果他自己带路，而不是试图指引她正确的方向，这样可以避免混淆A.controlled控制；B.led带领；C.designed设计；D.made制造根据下文rather thantrytopoint herintheright directionv可知,决定亲自带路，而不是仅仅指引方向,故选Reagan B【题详解】7考查形容词词义辨析句意当她跟着他穿过书架时，他敢想象他们可能并没有那么不同特别的；A.particular独特的；不同的；坚定的根据上文B.unique C.different D.determined“because hethoughttheytwoweretoodifferentv hedaredtoimaginetheymightnotbeso”以及下文“He felta briefflash ofhope”可知，Reagan开始意识到他和可能并没有那么不同，故选Darya C【题详解】8考查副词词义辨析句意立刻，的一个队友不知从哪里冒出来，催促她赶快结账，否则他们会迟到练Darya习A.Luckily幸运地;B.Actually实际上；C.Slowly慢慢地;D.Immediately立刻根据下文“one ofDaryas teammatesappearedasifoutofnowherev可知，Darya的队友突然出现，催促她赶快结账，所以是立刻出现的，故选D【题详解】9考查形容词词义辨析句意相反，她转过身来，带着友好的微笑对说“谢谢你的帮助，嘿，也许我Reagan们可以找个时间踢足球？友好的、温暖的；勉强的；疯狂的；坚定的A.warm B.forced C.crazy D.determined根据下文可知,带着友好的微笑感谢“Thanks foryour help,and hey,maybe wecould playsoccer sometime”Darya并提出一起踢足球的邀请，故选Reagan,A【题详解】10考查名词词义辨析句意感到惊讶但高兴，他的心因为意外的邀请而跳动，这是一个迹象，表明那些Reagan壁垒可能并不像他想象的那么不可逾越祝贺；邀请；选举；财A.congratulation B.invitation C.election D.fortune富根据上文uThanks foryour help,and hey,maybe wecould playsoccersometime”可知，此处说的是Darya的邀请，故选B第二节共10小题;每小题
1.5分,共15分A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空在未给提示词的空白处仅填写个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用1括号内所给词的正确形式填空As afive-year-old girl,Lin Qiaozhiwas deeplyaffected byher mothersdeath.At age18,instead offollowing thetraditionalpath ofmarriage likethe majorityof girls,she11choose tostudy medicine.Why shouldgirls learnso much12find agood husbandshould betheir finalgoal!^^her brothercomplained,thinking ofthe hightuition fees.Sheresponded,Td ratherstay a single13study allmy life!^【答案】
11.chose
12.Finding
13.tostudy【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文文章简要讲述了著名医生林巧稚受到母亲的影响，没有选择走传统的婚姻道路，而是不顾哥哥的反对，选择了学医的故事题详解】11考查时态句意岁时，她没有像大多数女孩一样走传统的婚姻道路，而是选择了学医根据可知，18At age18”本句为一般过去时故填chose【题详解】12考查非谓语句意“为什么女孩要学这么多？”找到一个好丈夫应该是她们的最终目标!动名词做主语，首字母大写故填Finding【题详解】13考查非谓语句意我宁愿一辈子单身也要学习！不定式作目的状语故填to studyB阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空在未给提示词的空白处仅填写个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用1括号内所给词的正确形式填空In theafternoon,I headedtoalocal museumthat showedthe historicalchanges inCalifornia.In1848,gold wasdiscoverednear SanFrancisco,14started agold rush.Over300,000people came from allover theworld toseek15theyfortune,and SanFrancisco quicklybecameabig city.Many Chinesearrived duringthis period.16earnaliving,some openedup shopsand restaurants17Chinatown.Many othersfound jobson farms,joined thegoldrush,or wentto buildthe railway.【答案】
14.which
15.their
16.To
17.in【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文文章主耍讲述了作者去了当地的博物馆，了解了加利福尼亚州的历史变迁【题详解】14考查定语从句句意年，在旧金山附近发现了黄金，开始了淘金热分析句式结构可知，此处是定语从1848句，先行词是整个主句指物，且从句中缺少主语，所以用关系代词来引导故填which which【题详解】15考查物主代词句意超过万人从世界各地来到这里寻求财富，旧金山迅速成为一个大城市根据空格后的30名词可知，修饰名词应该用形容词性物主代词，所以空格处应该用提示词的形容词性物主代词作fortune their定语故填theiro【题详解】16考查动词不定式句意为了谋生，一些人在唐人街开了商店和餐馆分析句意可知，此处应该用提示词的动词不定式形式作目的状语表示“为了谋生”故填To【题详解】17考查介词句意同上根据空格后的可知，此处用介词表示“在唐人街故填Chinatown ininC阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空在未给提示词的空白处仅填写个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用1括号内所给词的正确形式填空Space explorationhas alreadypromoted technologicalimprovements thatbenefit usall.High-end productsaroundthe world18make toa higherstandard nowbecause ofadvanced technology.For example,space technologies19helpthe researchand developmentof differenttypes ofnew material.They havealso helpedcompanies makebetter heartmonitors and other machines that doctors regularly use.Today,space technologiesare20wide usedin allkinds ofindustries.【答案】
18.are made
19.have helped
20.widely【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了太空探索对技术进步的推动作用，以及这些技术在各个行业的广泛应用【题详解】18考查被动语态句意由于先进的技术，世界各地的高端产品现在都以更高的标准制造根据句意，高端产品是被制造出来的，所以应该使用被动语态同时，根据上下文的时间状语可知，此处应该使用一般现在“now”时的被动语态，主语是复数，动词应用故填be areare made【题详解】19考查时态句意例如，太空技术已经帮助研究和开发了不同类型的新材料根据下文They havealso helped他们也帮助公司制造了更好的心companies makebetter heartmonitorsandothermachinesthatdoctorsregularlyuse脏监测器和其他医生经常使用的机器”可知，太空技术对新材料的研究和开发起到了帮助作用，且这种帮助作用是从过去开始，一直延续到现在的，所以应该使用现在完成时，主语是复数，助动词应用故填haveo havehelpedo【题详解】20考查副词句意今天，太空技术广泛应用于各种行业根据句意，此处需要一个副词作状语来修饰动词used,表示“广泛地”故填widely第二部分阅读理解共两节，38分第一节共14小题;每小题2分，共28分阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑ABritish ScienceWeek ishappening inMarch.“Time”is thisyears theme.The movementof planetEarth explainswhy we havedifferent seasonsovertheyear andwhyweneed timezones.Microsecond accuracykeeps ourcomputersystems tickingand helpsglobal positioningsatellites toprovide uswith preciselocation information.In fact,time isverynecessary forus andis keyto somany STEMdiscoveries.The weekhopes toraise awarenessand stimulateenthusiasm forSTEM subjects.There willbe lotsof eventsacross theUK andmany differentways foryoutoexperience time.Astronomical TimeAt The Royal Observatory in Greenwich,London,you canexplore theorigins oftelling thetime,and howtimetellinginstruments have evolved.Well alsofind out what solutionsinventors andinnovators ofthe pastcame upwith to measuretime,help sailorsat sea,and standardizetime—ensuring peoplein andacross communitieswere usingthesameor similartime.Making TimeThe Museum of Timekeeping is home toa fascinating collection ofclocks,watches,and timepieces.You canhave aguidedtour ofthe museumgalleries andlistentosome ofthe storiesbehind theartifacts.You cansee thewatch wornbyCaptain Scotton hisill-fated Antarcticexpedition of1912and getto hearthe voiceofthefirst SpeakingClock aphonenumber youcould callto findoutwhattime itwas.Passing of TimeFormed overone millionyearsago,Cheddar Gorgeis Britainsbiggest gorgedeep,narrow valley.It is137metersdeep andthree mileslong.It wascarved bymeltwater floods,leaving behindmysterious caves.The mostfamous isGoughsCave,where Britainsoldest completeskeleton,known asthe CheddarMan,which datesback over10,000yearsand wasdiscovered in
1903.You canfocus onhow ourancestors livedand understandthe past.
21.Where canyou explorewhatmethods havebeen proposedtomeasuretimeA.The RoyalObservatory.B.Greenwich Park.C.Museum of Timekeeping.D.Cheddar Gorge.A.Instruments forsea exploration.B.Clocks,watches,and timepieces.
22.What canyou discoveratthe Museum ofTimekeepingC.Some musicabout Antarcticexpedition.D.The CheddarMans collectionof artifacts.A.It isthe deepestgorge intheworld.B.It tellshowthecaves weredestroyed.
23.What isthe significanceof Cheddar GorgeC.It showswhere themeltwater floodscamefrom.D.It providesinsight intohow ourancestors lived.
24.What isthe mainpurpose ofBritish ScienceWeekA.To providetours attheMuseumofTimekeeping.B.To explore the history of timekeepinginstruments.C.To highlightthe geologicalhistoryofCheddarGorge.D.To promoteSTEMsubjectsthrough eventsrelated tothe themeofTime.”【答案】
21.A
22.B
23.D
24.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了英国科学周的主题为“时间”，并介绍了一些相关的活动和地点，以及这些地点的特色和意义【题详解】细节理解题根据文章第二段21“AtTheRoyalObservatoryinGreenwich,London,youcanexplorethe（在伦敦的格林威治皇家天文台，你可以探origins oftelling thetime,and howtime-telling instrumentshaveevolved.索计时的起源，以及计时工具是如何发展的）可知，你可以在皇家天文台探索如何测量时间的方法，故选Ao【题详解】细节理解题根据文章第三段22“TheMuseumofTimekeepingishometoafascinatingcollectionof叩（时间博物馆收藏了许多引人入胜钟表和计时器）可知，你可以在时间博物馆clocks,watches,and timieces.”发现钟表和计时器，故选B【题详解】细节理解题根据文章第四段23“You canfocus onhow ourancestors livedand understandthe past.（你可以关注我们的祖先是如何生活的，理解过去）可知，切达峡谷能让我们了解我们祖先的生活方式，故选Do【题详解】24推理判断题根据文章第一段“The weekhopes toraise awarenessand stimulateenthusiasm forSTEM（这个星期希望提高人们对科目的认识，激发他们对科目的热情）可知，英国科subjects.STEM STEM学周的主要目的是通过与“时间”主题相关的活动来推广科目，故选STEM DIt was theday ofthe bigcross-country run.Students fromseven differentprimary schoolsin andaround thesmalltown werewarming up and walkingthe routethrough thickevergreen forest.I lookedaround andfinally spottedDavid,who wasstanding byhimself offtotheside bya fence.He wassmall forten yearsold.His usualbig toothysmile wasabsenttoday.I walkedover andasked himwhy he wasnt withthe otherchildren.He hesitatedand thensaid hehad decidednotto run.What waswrong Hehad workedso hardfor thisevent!I quicklysearched thecrowd forthe schoofscoach andasked himwhat hadhappened.I was afraid that kids fromotherschools wouldlaugh athim Jhe explaineduncomfortably.I gave him the choice to run or not,and lethim decide.（懊窗）.I bitback myfrustration1I knewthe coachmeant well—hethoughthewasdoing theright thing.After makingsurethat Davidcould runifhewanted,I turnedto findhim comingtowards me,his smallbody rockingfrom sideto sideashe swunghis feetforward.David hada braindisease whichprevented him from walkingor runninglike otherchildren,but atschool hisclassmates thought of him asa regular kid.He alwaysparticipated tothe bestof hisability inwhatever theywere doing.That waswhy noneofthechildren thoughtit unusualthat David had decidedto jointhe cross-country team.It justtookhim longer-thats all.David hadnot missedasinglepractice,and althoughhe always finished hisrun longafter the otherchildren,he didalwaysfinish.As aspecial educationteacher atthe school,I wasfamiliar withthe challengesDavid facedandwas proudof hisstrong determination.David movedup tothe startingline withtheotherrunners.The racestarted.The routeseemed long,especially forachild witha braindisease.David insistedon runningasifhehadforgotten allhis weaknesses.He trippedwithin thefirstfew kilometersbut quicklypicked himselfupandcontinued.Classmates cheered,Come on!You canmake it!Weveproud ofyou!”To everyonesjoy,he reachedthe finishline andranked20th.It wasntimportant whetherhe wonfirst place.It washis brave heart and strong faith thatmade somethingunusual happen.
25.Why didthe coachask David to makethe decisionA.The coachdidnt wantDavidtoget injured.B.The coachthought Davidwas tooweak torun.C.The coachfeared Davidwould bemade funof.D.The coachbelieved Davidshould focuson hisstudies.26How didDavids classmatesview himat schoolA.They feltsorry forhim.B.They sawhim asa normalkid.C.They oftenplayed trickson him.D.They prevented himfromactivities.
27.What canwe learnfrom DavidsstoryA.He wonfirst placewith othershelp.B.He wasthe mostmodest amongallthechildren.C.His behaviorsproved hisheart diseasewasaproblem.D.His determinationand faithmade theachievement special.【答案】
25.C
26.B
27.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了患有脑疾的大卫参加越野跑比赛的故事尽管大卫的身体状况不佳，但他的决心和信念使他完成了比赛，赢得了同学们的尊重和赞扬题详解】[25细节理解题根据第二段wasafraidthatkidsfrom otherschools wouldlaugh athim,“he explaineduncomfortably.I（他不舒服地解释说“我担心其他学校的孩子会嘲笑他gavehimthechoicetorunornot,and lethim decide.我给了他选择是否跑步的机会，让他自己决定）”可知，教练让大卫自己做决定是因为他担心大卫会受到其他孩子的嘲笑，故选C【题详解】26细节理解题根据第三段“Davidhada braindisease whichpreventedhimfrom walkingor runninglike otherchildren,（大卫患有脑疾，这使他无法像其他孩子一样走路或跑but atschool hisclassmatesthoughtofhimasaregularkid.步，但在学校，他的同学们把他当作一个普通的孩子）”可知，大卫的同学们在学校把他看作一个正常的孩子，故选B【题详解】27推理判断题根据最后一段u Itwasn^important whetherhe wonfirst place.Itwashisbraveheartandstrongfaiththat.（他是否赢得第一名并不重要是他勇敢的心和坚定的信念让一些不寻常的事made somethingunusual happen情发生了）”可知，大卫的决心和信念使他的成就变得特别，故选DCSpace explorationhas producedvaluable insightsabout Earth,the solarsystem andbeyond.However,massive space（残骸）.activity overthe pastfew decadeshasledto unintendedorbital debrisEverylaunch ofsatellitesorrocketsaddstotheproblem,increasing therisk thatnegatively influencesnot onlyspacemissions butalsofutureendeavors.Since the1957launchofSputnik-1,human activityin Earthsorbit hascausedsignificant distortionsin space,raising seriousconcerns aboutthedebrisleft behind.This ever-increasing threatcanbebest understoodthroughtheKessler syndromein space.This phenomenonoccurs（）when objectsin lowEarth orbitLEO becomeso crowdedthat theybegin tohit eachother,creating moredebris and（树撞）,more collisions1thus resultingin chainreactions ofmergers andfissions.Many expertswarn that。
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