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北京市第八十中学学年高二第二学期期中考试2023〜2024英语试卷（考试时间90分钟满分100分）提示:试卷答案请一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色签字笔作答第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节完形填空（共10小题；每小题L5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项My grandfatherwas awriter ofmany books.As achild anda teenager,I wrote1,trying to be anauthorlike him.When I2my firstbook,I wasnot sureif Ishould throwit out to the world orshelter itforever.Thats whyIwent tograndpa thatnight,my faithfulreader,who onceagain gaveme tremendous3o“Did youbring the book Iheard youtalk aboutit and I cantwait tosee your4“Oh yeah,the book.I completedit yesterday,1handed himthe draft,but I dont thinkits thatgood...”He turnedto arandom pageand5more of the pages.Why do you thinkthis isntgood Itlooks fineto me.Veryheart-warming.”“Well,Im notsure.It could be betterthan itis now.^^“You cantexpect for the bookto be
6.Writing is a skillthat takestime.You alreadyfinished thestory,and nowyou have to7others whatyouve got.he passedthe bookback to me.If people dont like it,then writeagain.Criticism isimportant,but youare going to have to keepon writingtill youare8with your work.”“Is thathow youbecame awriter^^“Yes,and every other writer before me.You have to startfrom the9and thenreach thetop.”I finallybroke outinto asmile andhe didtoo.I lookedcarefully at the bookone moretime.The pagesbound togethergaveme hopefor thefuture.That settledit.I wasgoingto have to10myself andlet othersseemy work.For meand formy grandpa.
2.A.polished B.finished C.deleted D.published
1.A.fast B.well C.nonstop D.little（我最好的一个做海豚项目的朋友变成了一只海豚！真的吗？‘学dolphin!”Really”the studentssaid inchorus.生们异口同声地说）”推知，当孩子们得知作者的一个朋友变成了海豚时他们感到很惊讶故选Ao【题详解】26主旨大意题根据文章的主要内容，尤其倒数第六段的“Ive writteneight childrensbooks andhave alwayskept（我已经写了八本儿童读物，并一直将贝弗利的好奇心铭记在心）”和Beverly^sense ofwonder inmind.“I chose（我选择了儿童作家，我childrens authors,with alarge chunkof my project being about who else Beverly Cleary!的项目很大一部分是关于贝弗利・克利里！）”和最后一段Thafs whatBeverly Clearytaught me.In thehands of a（这是贝弗利•克禾里教我的在一个有天赋的小说gifted storyteller,anything ispossible...and sovery funny.Ll家手中，一切皆有可能，并且非常有趣）”可知，本文主要讲述了作者是如何受到贝弗利•克利里的启发成为一名作家的故选DC（迁徙的）（繁殖）Millions ofmigratory birdsoccupy seasonallyfavorable breeding grounds in the Arctic,butscientists knowlittle about the formation,maintenance andfuture of the migrationroutes ofArctic birdsand thegeneticdeterminants ofmigratory distance.In a new study,a multinationalteam ofresearchers underthe leadershipof Dr.ZHANXiangjiang from the Instituteof Zoologyof theChinese Academyof Sciencesintegrated twostate-of-the-art（基因排序）techniques-satellite trackingand whole genome sequencing-and establisheda continentalscalemigrationsystem ofperegrine falconsin Eurasian Arctic.peregrine falconThe researchers tracked56peregrine falconsfrom sixEurasianArcticbreeding populationsand sequenced35genomes fromfour of these populationsto studythe migrationof thisspecies.They foundthat thebirds usedfivemigration routesacross Eurasia,probably establishedbetween thelast IceAge22,000years agoand themiddle-Holocene6,000years ago.Peregrine falconsinitiated theirautumn migrationmainly in September,and arrivedat theirwinteringareas mainlyin October,n saidProfessor MikeBruford,an ecologistat CardiffUniversity.Peregrine falconsthat departfrom differentbreedinggroundsuse differentroutes,and winterat widelydistributed sitesacrossfour distinctregions.Individual birds that were tracked for more than one year exhibited strong path repeatabilityduring migration,complete loyaltyto winteringlocations andlimited breedingdispersal（扩散）・“Theresearchersquantified themigration strategiesand foundthat migrationdistance is the mostsignificantdifferentiation.They usedwholegenomesequencing andfound agene-ADCY8,which isknown to be involvedinlong-term memoryin otheranimals inprevious research-associated withdifferences inmigratory distance.They foundADCY8had avariant athigh frequencyin long-distance migrantpopulations ofperegrine falcons,indicating thisvariantis being favorably selected because it may increase powers of long-term memorythought tobe essentialfor long-distancemigration.Previous studieshave identifiedseveral candidategenomic regionsthat mayregulate migration-but ourwork is thestrongest demonstration of a specific gene associated with migratory behavior yet identified,^Professor Brufordsaid.Theresearchers furtherlooked atmodels oflikely futuremigration behaviorto predictthe impactof globalwarming.If theclimate warms atthe samerate asit hasin recentdecades,they predictperegrine populationsin westernEurasia havethehighest probabilityof populationdecline and may stopmigrating altogether.“Our work isthe first tobegin tounderstand theway ecologicalfactors mayinteract inmigratory birds,“said Dr.ZHAN Xiangjiang.We hopeit willserve as a cornerstoneto helpconserve migratoryspecies in the world.”
27.What canwelearn from the firsttwo paragraphsA.Five birdshistorical migrationroutes wererebuilt.B.Peregrine falconsstick to the areaswhere theywinter.C.Two novelresearch methodsof migrationwere invented.D.Peregrine falconsleave forArctic regionsinSeptember.
28.What can we inferabout ADCY8A.It is a newly-discovered genein the new study.B.It servesas afundamental partof long-distance migration.C.It couldbe strengthenedby thepower oflong-term memory.D.It turnedouttobe morefavored bybirds thanthe otheranimals.
29.What isspecial aboutthenewstudyA.It hasdiscovered a new genomicregion ofbirds.B.It haspredicted therate atwhich theclimatewarms.C.It analysesthe reasonsfor thedecrease ofperegrine falcons.D.It encouragesattention toenvironmental effectson migratorybirds.
30.Which would be thebest titlefor thispassageA.Researchers HelpConserve MigratorySpeciesB.Biologists FindEvidence ofMigration Genein BirdsC.How Long-term MemoryHelps Long-distance MigrationD.How EcologicalFactors AffectBirds MigratoryDistances【答案】
27.B
28.B
29.D
30.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文文章主要介绍了一项新的科学发现，研究表明，全球变暖对于长途迁徙的鸟类有很大的影响【题详解】27细节理解题根据第二段u Individualbirdsthat weretrackedformore thanoneyearexhibitedstrongpathrepeatability（扩散）（追踪超过一年的duringmigration,complete loyaltyto winteringlocations andlimited breedingdispersal.单个鸟类在迁徙过程中表现出很强的路径重复性，对越冬地点完全忠诚，并限制繁殖扩散）”可知，它们对自己的越冬地点非常专一故选B【题详解】28推理判断题根据第三段“They foundADCY8had avariant athigh frequencyin long-distance migrantpopulations ofperegrinefalcons,indicating thisvariant isbeingfavorablyselectedbecauseitmayincreasepowersoflong-term memory.（他们发现在长途迁徙的游隼种群中有一种高频率的thought tobe essentialfor long-distance migrationADCY8变异，这表明这种变异被有利地选择了，因为它可能增加长期记忆的能力，这被认为是长途迁徙的必要条件）”可推断，是长途迁徙中必不可少的要素故选ADCY8B【题详解】29推理判断题根据最后一段“Our workisthe first tobegin tounderstand theway ecologicalfactors mayinteract inmigratorybirds,“said Dr.ZHAN Xiangjiang.We hopeit willserve as a cornerstoneto helpconserve migratoryspecies（詹湘江博士说“我们的工作是第一次开始了解生态因素可能在候鸟中相互作用的方式”“我in the world.”们希望它能成为保护世界迁徙物种的基石可推断，该研究的特别之处是了解了生态因素对候鸟的影响，希望更多的人关注这一点故选D【题详解】30主旨大意题根据倒数第二段uPrevious studieshave identifiedseveral candidategenomic regionsthat mayregulatemigration-but ourworkisthe strongestdemonstrationof aspecificgeneassociatedwithmigratorybehavioryetidentified（以前的研究已经确定了几个可能调控迁移的候选基因组区域，但我们的工作是迄今为止与迁移行为相关的特定基因的最有力的证明）”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了研究发现证实了鸟类身上存在的迁徙基因所以（生物学家在鸟类身上发现迁徙基因的证据）”作为文章标“Biologists FindEvidence ofMigration Genein Birds题最为合适故选BDSearch“toxic parents”,and youll find more than38,000posts,largely urgingyoung adultsto cut ties with theirfamilies.The ideais tosafeguard onesmental healthfrom abusiveparents.However,as apsychoanalyst,Tve seenthat（疏trend in recent years become a way to manage conflictsin the family,and I have seenthe severeimpacts estrangement远）has on both sides of the divide.This is a self-help trendthat createsmuch harm.Research byKarl Pillemer,a professorat CornellUniversity,indicates that1in4American adultshave becomeestrangedfrom their families.I believethats anundercount,because othershave stoppedshort ofcompletely cuttingoffcontact buthave effectivelybroken theties.“Canceling yourparent canbe seenas anextension of a culturaltrend aimedat correctingimbalances inpower andsystemicinequality.Certainly thefamily isone systemin whichpower hasnever beenbalanced.In1933,thepsychoanalyst SandorFerenczi warnedthat eventhe simpleindication thatsomeone hasmore powerthan we do couldpotentiallybe damaging.Todays socialjustice valuesrespond tothis reality,calling onus tocriticize oppressiveand harmfulfigures and togain powerfor thosewho have been powerless.But whenadult childrenuse themost effectivetool theyhave-themselves-to gain a sense of securityand bantheir parentsfrom theirlives,the rolesare simplyswitched,and thepainonly deepens.Often,what I see inmy practiceare cases of family conflict mismanaged,power dynamicsturned upsidedown rather（孤独的）than negotiated.Iseethe terribleeffect ofthat trend;situations withno winners,only isolatedhumans wholongto beknown andfeel safein thepresence of the other.The catchis thatafter estrangement,adult childrenare notsuddenly lessdependent.In fact,they feelabandoned andbetrayed,because in the unconscious,it doesntmatter whois doingthe leaving;the feelingthat remainsis“being left”.They carrythe ghostsof theirchildhood,tackling theemotional realitythat thosewho raisedus cannever trulybe leftbehind,no matterhow hardwe try.What Ihave found is that most of these families need repairnot permanentbreak-up.How elsecan onelearnhow tonegotiate needs,to createboundaries andto trustHow elsecan welove others,and ourselves,if notthroughaccepting the limitations that come withbeing humanGood relationshipsare theresult notof aperfect levelof harmonybut rather ofsuccessful adjustments.To pursuedialogue insteadof estrangementwill behard andpainful work.It cantbe asingle projectof selR（亲密关系）help”,because atthe endof theday,real intimacyis achievedby workingthrough theinjuries ofthe pasttogether.In mostcasesof family conflict,repair ispossible andpreferable toestrangement-and itsworth thework.
31.Why doyoung peoplecut ties withthefamilyA.To gainan independentlife.B.To restoreharmony in thefamily.C.To protect their psychologicalwell-being.D.To followa tendencytowards socialjustice.
32.What doesthe underlinedword“catch“in Paragraph6meanA.Response.B.Problem.C.Operation.D.Emphasis.
33.To managefamilyconflict,the authoragrees thatyoung adultsshould.A.break downboundaries B.gain powerwithin thefamilyC.live up to theirparents expectationsD.accept imperfectionoffamily members
34.Whats the authors purposeof writingthe passageA.To advocatea self-help trend.B.To justifya common social value.C.To argueagainst acurrent practice.D.To discussa meansof communication.【答案】3LC
32.B
33.D
34.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文文章讲述了面对家庭冲突或隔阂，相比疏远，修复是更好的方法题详解】[31细节理解题根据第——段uSearch toxic parents”,and youllfind morethan38,000posts,largely urgingyoung adults（搜索to cuttieswith theirfamilies.The ideais tosafeguard onesmental healthfrom abusiveparents.“有毒父母”，你会发现有超过条帖子，大部分帖子敦促年轻人与家人断绝联系这个想法是为了保38000护一个人的心理健康不受父母虐待）可知，年轻人选择与家庭切断联系是为了保护自己，免于受到心理上的伤害故选C【题详解】32词句猜测题根据第六段“The catchis thatafter estrangement,adult childrenare notsuddenly lessdependent.In fact,they feelabandoned andbetrayedn（是，在与家庭疏远后，成年子女并不会突然变得不那么依赖事实上，他们会感到被抛弃和被背叛）可知，子女选择与家庭疏远后，产生的结果是他们感觉到被抛弃和被背叛，这是一种消极负面的影响因此，划线后是在解释这一名词，即表示严重的后果或是问题故选catch B【题详解】33细节理解题根据倒数第二段u WhatIhavefoundisthatmostofthesefamiliesneedrepair,not permanentbreak-up.（我发现，大多数这样的家庭需要修复，而不是永久的破裂）可知，作者建议年轻人去修复家庭关系，而不是疏远以及“How elsecan welove others,and ourselves,if notthrough acceptingthelimitationsthatcomewithbeing humanGood relationshipsare theresult notofaperfect levelof harmonybutratherof successfuladjustments.v（如果不接受作为人类的局限性，我们还能怎样去爱别人和自己呢？良好的关系不是完美和谐的结果，而是成功调整的结果）可知，作者这里使用一个反问句的形式，向年轻人建议，要认识到人类的局限性，才能爱家人以及爱自己即接受家人的不完美，调整自己的心态，对关系进行修复才能得完美和谐的结果故选D【题详解】34推理判断题根据第——段“Search“toxicparents”,and you^lfindmorethan38,000posts,largely urgingyoung adultstocuttieswiththeirfamilies.The ideais tosafeguard onesmental healthfrom abusiveparents.n（搜索“有毒父母”，你会发现超过条帖子，大部分敦促年轻人与家人断绝联系这个想法是为了保护一个38000人的心理健康不受父母虐待）可知，开篇作者先提出一个当下普遍存在的趋势即年轻人在处理家庭冲突时，选择疏远家庭以及“However,asapsychoanalyst,Tve seenthat trendinrecent yearsbecome awaytomanageconflicts（）in thefamily,and Ihave seenthe severeimpacts estrangementc hasonbothsidesofthedivide.This isa self-help trend（然而，作为一名精神分析学家，我发现近年来这种趋势已经成为处理家庭冲突的一种that createsmuch harm.方式，我也看到了隔阂对家庭双方的严重影响这是一种造成很大伤害的自助趋势）可知，作者紧接着通过转折连词（然后）指出这种疏远的处理方式是错误的，会带来很大的伤害因此，作者是为了论述与however开篇趋势相反的观点故选C第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项Pets arelike ourfamilymembersand theirgood healthis somethingthat isvery importantto allpet owners.Just as（一氧化物）the pollutants,such ascarbon monoxideand carbondioxide in the air,affect ourhealth,these sameenvironmentalnasties canaffect our pets too.3557%of dogsexposed tohigher pollutionlevels developedbrain diseasesand showedsignsof neuro problems.In amore recentstudy from the journalof VeterinaryInternal Medicine,researchers foundthat catswithbreathing problemswere more likely tolive inhouseholds withhigher indoorair pollution.Air purifiershave beenbrought intouse inrecent years.They workto removeharmful chemicalsknown asvolatile（）organic compoundsVOCs and other environmentalpollutants fromthe air.36But aretheysafe for pets How canwe ensure that they arent harming our furry friends37The physicalsafety ofusing amechanical devicearound petsis whatwe haveto payattentionto.Air purifierscome invarious shapesand sizes,from smalldesk-top unitsto large,free-standing models.In termsofphysical harm,there isan existingrisk of our petbecoming trappedin theelectrical wireof ourair purifier.Air purifiersare designed tobe used in the home around children and their internal mechanisms should also besafe fromsmall tailsofour pets andother parts of their bodies.38Whether theair purifierimproves ordamages thehealth of our animalsis alsosomething we havetoconsider.The air（臭氧）purifiers aresafe forpets,but onlyif theydo not produce anyozone byproduct.39We shouldalways stayawayfrom theones thatproduce evenminimal quantities.We arealways on the safeside bypicking astandard air purifier with（过滤）the classic3-stage filtrationsystem ofa pre-filter,HEPA filterand carbon activated filter.Picking thewrong air purifier typecan quicklymake thingsworse forour pets.On theother hand,picking thecorrectair purifier can lead to a big increase inthe quality of life for them.A.At presentmany homesare equippedwith theseuseful devices.B.Before buyingan airpurifier,we shouldkeep twoaspects inmind.C Petowners alwayspay closeattention to the physicalhealth oftheir pets.D.Even thesmallest petsshouldnt be able toaccess theinsides of air purifiers.E.This greatlydepends onthe typeofairpurifier andair cleaningtechnology used.F.So alwayscheck theproduct specificationsand try to finda modelthat doesnotproduce any carbonmonoxide.G.A2008study publishedin Brainand Cognitionshowed thatdogs,brains werenegatively affectedby theheavy pollutionlevels.【答案】
35.G
36.A
37.B
38.D
39.E【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文文章讲述了，宠物的健康对所有宠物主人来说都非常重要，比如有呼吸问题的猫更可能生活在室内空气污染较高的家庭中，因此选择一款适当的空气净化器很重要，文章就如何确保空气净化器不会伤害我们的宠物做出了说明【题详解】35由下文“57%of dogsexposed tohigher pollutionlevels developedbrain diseasesand showedsigns ofneuroproblems.（的狗暴露在高污染水平下，会患上脑部疾病，并表现出神经问题的迹象）”可知，选项年发表57%G“2008在《大脑与认知》杂志上的一项研究表明，狗的大脑受到严重污染水平的负面影响”引出高污染对狗大脑的负面影响，承接下文讲狗因高污染会出现脑部疾病问题故选项G【题详解】36由上文（空气净化器近年来已投入使用）”和下文“Air purifiershave beenbrought intouse inrecentyears.（但是它们对宠物安全吗？“But arethey safe forpetsHow canwe ensurethat theyarent harmingour furryfriends我们如何确保它们不会伤害我们毛茸茸朋友？）”可知，在空气净化器已投入使用的前提下，人们开始思考它们对于宠物是否安全，说明有些家庭已经使用了这种有用的设备一一空气净化器，才会提出下文的疑问，承接上下文，选项“目前许多家庭都配备了这些有用的设备”切题故选项A A【题详解】37由上文（但是它们对宠物“But arethey safefbr petsHowcanweensurethat theyarentharmingourfurryfriends安全吗？我们如何确保它们不会伤害我们毛茸茸的朋友？）”，下文第四段The physicalsafety ofusing a（在宠物周围使用机械设备的身体安全是我们必mechanical devicearound petsis whatwehaveto payattention to.须注意的）”和第五段“Whether theairpurifierimproves ordamages thehealth ofour animalsis alsosomething we（空气净化器是否改善或损害动物的健康也是我们必须考虑的问题）”可知，下文就上文提到havetoconsider.的空气净化器对于宠物是否安全的问题，下文从两个方面入手，确保人们买到合适的空气净化器，承接上下文，选项“在购买空气净化器之前，我们应该记住两个方面”切题故选项B B【题详解】38由上文“In termsof physicalharm,there isan existingrisk ofourpetbecoming trappedintheelectrical wireofourairpurifier.Air purifiers aredesignedtobeusedinthehomearoundchildrenand theirinternalmechanismsshouldalsobe（就身体伤害而言，我们的宠物存在被困在空气净化safe fromsmall tailsofour petsandotherpartsoftheirbodies.器电线中的风险空气净化器设计用于有儿童的家庭，其内部机制也应安全，不受我们宠物的小尾巴及其身体其他部位的影响）”可知，空气净化器对宠物有危险，但用于儿童家庭的空气净化器是安全的，不会伤害宠物的小尾巴及其身体其他部位，所以最小的宠物也能免受进入空气净化器的伤害，承接上文，选项“即使是最D小的宠物也不能进入空气净化器的内部”切题故选项D【题详解】39由上文Whether theairpurifierimproves ordamages thehealth ofour animalsis alsosomething wehavetoconsider.（臭氧）（空气净化器是否改The airpurifiers aresafe forpets,but onlyif theydo notproduce anyozone byproduct.善或损害动物的健康也是我们必须考虑的问题空气净化器对宠物是安全的，但前提是它们不会产生任何臭氧副产品）”，下文（过“We arealways onthe safeside bypicking astandard airpurifier withthe classic3-stage filtration滤）（我们总是出于安全考虑，选择了一款标准的空system ofa pre-filter,HEPA filterand carbonactivated filter.气净化器，该净化器采用经典的三级过滤系统，包括前置过滤器、高效空气过滤器和碳活性过滤器）”和最后一段“Picking thewrong airpurifier typecan quicklymake thingsworse forourpets.On theother hand,picking the（选择错误的空气净化器类型会很快让我correct airpurifiercanlead toabigincreaseinthequalityoflifefor them.们的宠物变得更糟另一方面，选择正确的空气净化器可以大大提高他们的生活质量）”可知，空气净化器是否改善或损害动物的健康与空气净化器的空气净化技术和类型相关，承接上下文，选项“这在很大程度上取E决于空气净化器的类型和使用的空气净化技术”切题，指代上文This（臭氧）故选项“The airpurifiersaresafeforpets,but onlyif theydo notproduceanyozone byproduct”E第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节阅读表达（共4小题；第
40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题You mightnot haveheard ofthe nfresh start effect”,but ifyouve evermade aNew Yearsresolution,youre familiarwithit.It refersto thehuman tendencyto take action towardsachieving agoal aftera special occasion or key date haspassed.The fresh start effect is simple.Most peoplewant to improve themselvesin someway.When wehit importantmilestones,were oftenlikely toreflect:are wewhere wethought we*dbeby acertain ageWas thisyear asuccessful year,or didwe wasteit Annuallandmarks likebirthdays,orthestart ofa newyear,signify a new timeperiod andanopportunity toleave slip-ups behindandto set new goals forbetter behavior.Research showsthat anticipation ofanew beginning isa key motivator for the fresh start effect.For example,peopleaged29,39,49etc.were48%more likelyto runa marathonfor thefirst time.When they were approachinganewdecade,theyweremorelikelyto searchfor meaningin theirlives andtrytoimprove themselves.The reasonis simple.When wesee our past self as separate from our current self,we feelit easierto introduce new goals and takeaction.What*s interestingaboutthe fresh start effectisthatwedont needto waitfor bigmilestones to take advantageof thissuddendose ofmotivation.Studies showthatthefirst day of eachmonth andeven each week canalso inspireus.Thesedays,known astemporal landmarks^,encourage us to stepback andevaluate ourcurrent situation.And when wedothis,we gainthe motivationtobebetter:we becomemore drivenand moreproductive.That iswhy peopleare morelikely tostalldiets orexercise planson Monday,rather thanthe nextday.Fresh starts are exciting opportunities to learn from your mistakes and move forward.So ifyoure currentlyexperiencingloss ofmotivation,questioning themeaning ofyourwork,or justfeel likeyoure stuckinarut,why don*tyou usethefresh starteffectin yourown life
40.According tothe passage,what isfresh starteffect
141.Why isit thatanticipationofanewbeginningisakeymotivatorfor thefreshstarteffect
42.Please decidewhich partis falseinthefollowing statement,then underlineit andexplain why.Afresh start like thefirst day of each week isa time whenwe forget about our mistakes and move forward.（）【答
43.Besides thefreshstarteffect,in whatother waysdoyoumotivate yourselfin yourlife Inabout40words案】
40.It referstothehuman tendencyto takeaction towardsachieving agoal aftera specialoccasion orkey datehaspassed.
41.Because itis easierto introducenew goalsand takeaction.
42.A freshstart likethefirstdayofeachweekisatime whenwe forgetabout ourmistakesand moveforward.Becauseresh startsare excitingopportunities tolearn fromyour mistakesand moveforward.
43.In mydaily life,I motivatemyself bylearning fromidols whoare hardworking,diligent andstrict with themselves.Modeling myselfon themcan helpme tomake progressand motivateme notto give up.【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文文章主要介绍（新起点效应），及这个效应对我们生活的帮助【freshstarteffect40题详解】考查细节理解根据文章第——段It referstothehuman tendencyto takeaction towardsachieving agoal aftera（它指的是在特殊场合或重要日期过去后，人们采取行动实现目标的倾向）”specialoccasion orkey datehas passed.可知，指的是在特殊场合或重要日期过去后，人们采取行动实现目标的倾向故答案为freshstarteffect Itrefersto thehuman tendencytotakeaction towardsachieving agoal aftera specialoccasionorkeydatehaspassed.题详解】[41考查细节理解根据第三段“The reasonis simple.When weseeourpastselfasseparatefromourcurrentself,we feel（原因很简单当我们看到过去的自我与现在的自我分离时，我们it easierto introducenewgoalsand takeaction.觉得引入新目标并采取行动更容易）”可知，设置预期更容易引入新目标，更加容易采取动行故新开始的预期是新开始效应的关键动力的原因是设置预期更容易引入新目标，更加容易采取动行故答案为Because itiseasier tointroducenewgoalsandtakeaction.【题详解】42考查细节理解根据最后一段.“Fresh startsare excitingopportunities tolearn fromyour mistakesandmoveforward（重新开始是令人兴奋的机会，可以从错误中吸取教训并向前迈进）”可知，重新开始意味着从错误中吸取教训，而不是忘记错误故答案为A freshstartlikethefirstdayofeachweekisatimewhenweforgetaboutourmistakesand moveforward.Because reshstartsareexcitingopportunitiestolearnfromyourmistakesandmoveforward.【题详解】43考查开放性试题答案为In mydaily life,I motivatemyself bylearning fromidols whoare hardworking,diligent andstrictwiththemselves.Modeling myselfon themcan helpme tomake progressand motivateme notto
3.A.tasks B.pressure C.rewards D.inspiration
4.A.progress B.style C.comment D.reaction
5.A.copied B.wrote C.scanned D.edited
6.A.perfect B.unique C.complex D.practical
7.A.send B.show C.teach D.sell
8.A.content B.strict C.patient D.exhausted
9.A.end B.failure C.bottom D.criticism
10.A.give upB.count onC.look after D.get over【答案】LC
2.B
3.D
4.A
5.C
6.A
7.B
8.A
9.C
10.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文作者想成为爷爷那样的一位作家，但是在完成第一本书之后不确定是否应该拿给别人看，这时是爷爷给了他巨大的鼓励和启示，让他抛掉顾虑，重拾前行的勇气，继续向前【题详解】考查形容词词义辨析句意当我十几岁还是个孩子的时候，我不间断地写，希望成为一个像他1那样的作家迅速的；健康的;不间断的；小的根据前文A.fast B.well C.nonstop D.little“My grandfatherwasa writerof manybooks.v可知，作者的爷爷是一个作家，所以作者也希望通过不间断地写作最终成为一个作家故选C【题详解】考查动词词义辨析句意当我完成我的第一本书的时候，我不确定我是应该把它扔给世界还是2永远保护它擦亮；完成；删除；出版根据后文A.polished B.finished C.deleted D.published“I completedit可知，作者已经完成了他的第一本书故选yesterday,B【题详解】考查名词词义辨析句意这就是为什么那天晚上要去找爷爷，我忠实的读者，他又一次给了我3巨大的启示任务;压力;报酬；启示根据后文A.tasks B.pressure C.rewards D.inspiration“Why doyou thinkthisisn^good Itlooks fineto me.Veryheart-warming.,,可知，爷爷又一次给了我启示故选D【题详解】考查名词词义辨析句意你把书带来了吗？我听说你说过，我等不及要看你的进展4A.progress进展;作风；评论；反应根据后文B.style C.comment D.reaction“Oh yeah,the book.I completedit yesterday,”可知，爷爷是要看看作者的书的进展情况故选A【题详解】考查动词词义辨析句意他转向一个随机的页面并浏览了更多的页面复制；5A.copied B.wrote写；C.give up.第二节写作（20分）.假设你是红星中学高二学生李华，你的英国笔友给你发来邮件，提到他申请年巴黎奥运会志44Jim2024愿者落选，请你给他回•封邮件，内容包括表示安慰；
1.建议以其它方式关注奥运会
2.注意词数左右；
1.
100.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数2Dear Jim,Sincerely,Li Hua【答案】Dear Jim,Im really sorry tohear thatyou didntmake it.It isnatural tofeel disappointed.However,there isno needto worry,asthere are various ways to get involved.Even ifyou cantcome inperson,you canlog ontothe officialwebsite orapps toenjoy liveor recordedbroadcasts,which allows you to follow the events almost in real time.Also you can findreports oneveryday lifeoftheathletes inParis.Whats more,the audienceare encouragedto sharetheir commentsonsocialmedia whileenjoying thegames.I thinkit mightbe interestingto shareyour thoughtsonline andmeanwhile interactwith bothfans andathletes.I believeyou willenjoy yourself,so have fun inanewway!Sincerely,Li Hua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文要求考生给英国笔友回邮件安慰他巴黎奥运会志愿者落选并建议其它Jim方式让他关注奥运会【详解】.词汇积累各种各样的1various-*^all kindsof亲自in personfintheflesh同时meanwhile-atthe same time玩得开心,句式拓展同义句转换原句havefun-have agood time2Im reallysorry tohear thatyou didntmake it.拓展句Hearing thatyou didntmake it,I amreallysorry.【点睛】[高分句型1]（运用了弓|导原因状语从句）[高However,there isno needto worry,as therearevariouswaystogetinvolved.as分句型2]Even ifyou cantcome inperson,youcanlog ontothe officialwebsite orapps toenjoy liveor recordedbroadcasts,which（运用了引导让步状语从句，引导非限制性定语allowsyoutofollowtheeventsalmostinrealtime.even ifwhich从句）浏览；编辑根据后文可scanned D.edited“Why doyou thinkthis isntgood Itlooks finetome.Very heartwarming.知，作者的爷爷是在快速翻阅了更多的页面以后对作者的书做了评价故选C【题详解】6考查形容词词义辨析句意你不能指望这本书是完美的完美的；独特的；复杂A.perfect B.unique C.complex的；D.practical现实的根据后文^Writing isa skillthat takestime.n可知，爷爷是在告诉作者写作是一个逐渐的过程，不可能一下就能写出完美的书故选A【题详解】7考查动词词义辨析句意你已经完成了这个故事，现在你必须向别人展示你的故事发送；展A.send B.show示;讲授;出售根据后文可知，作品完成之后应该向别C.teach D.sell“If peopledont like it,then writeagain.”人展示，让人去评价故选B【题详解】8考查形容词词义辨析句意批评是很重要的，但是你必须继续写作，直到你对你的工作很满意A.满意的;严格的;耐心的;疲惫不堪的根据前文content B.strict C.patient D.exhausted Ifpeopledontlikeit,then write以及后文可知，继续写作是为了达到最后的满意故again.“You haveto startfromthe9and thenreach thetop.”选A【题详解】9考查名词词义辨析句意你必须要从底部开始然后才能到达顶端结束；失败；A.end B.failure C.bottom底部；D.criticism批判；指责根据前文uIf peopledon^likeit,then writeagain.Criticism isimportant,but you以及are goingtohaveto keepon writingtill youare8with yourwork.”“Yes,and可知，每一名作家都需要从最初的不断接受批评到最后的对自己作品满意，即从最everyotherwriterbeforeme.”底部开始故选C【题详解】10考查动词短语辨析句意:我必须要克服自己，让别人看到我的作品放弃；指望；A.giveupB.count onC.look照顾；克服根据前文afterD.get over“I lookedcarefully atthebookone moretime.The pagesbound togethergave可知，作者在爷爷的激励下已经战胜自我，决定继续前行，把自己的作品展me hopeforthefuture.That settledit.”示给别人看故选D第二节语法填空共10小题；每小题
1.5分，共15分A在未给提示词的空白处仅填写个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空1“Help,help!”I shouted,swimming towardsthe boatin desperation.I11sink!I couldntbreathe!“Help!”My mouthfilledwith water;I struggled12being drawndeeper,deeper down.Suddenly Ifelt myselfquickly13draw upto thesurfaceofthesea;andIheard thesewords:“If master wouldbeso goodas tohold ontomy shoulder,masterwouldswimwith muchgreater ease.I grabbedmy faithfulConseiPs armwith onehand.【答案】
11.was sinking
12.against
14.cures
15.to suit
16.testing【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文文章主要介绍了克隆技术的发展和未来【题详解】考查名词复数句意克隆灵长类动物的成功获得了全世界的赞誉，这是一项巨大的突破，可14能会导致治疗各种疾病，也可能为如何防止衰老过程提供线索空处需填名词作宾语，为可数名词，结合cure“for可知此处使用名词复数形式故填various diseases”I,cures【题详解】15考查非谓语动词句意有了这项技术，我们有可能在短时间内培养出大量具有相同基因的猴子，我们甚至可以改变它们的基因以适应研究需要空处作目的状语，应用动词不定式故填t suit【题详解】16考查非谓语动词句意这可能有助于节省研究时间，减少试验所需的动物数量，产生更准确的结果，并导致更有效的治疗介词后面接动名词，作宾语故填for testingC在未给提示词的空白处仅填写个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空1Centuries later,the GreatFlu Epidemicof1918,also calledthe SpanishFlu,17strike nearthe endof WorldWar LFamilies18had onlyjust gotthrough thewar nowhad tobury theirloved oneswho haddied ofthe disease.As aresult ofthewar,more peoplewere travellingand movingperhaps thanever beforein historyand thiscaused theepidemic tospreadworldwide.Having killedupto50million peoplein18months,the SpanishFlu isbelieved tohavebeenthe19severe epidemicin history.More peopledied ofthe fluthan diedinthewar.Initially,many peoplebelieved thatsuchepidemics nolonger poseda threatuntil veryrecently20SARS became a causefor concern.【答案】
17.struck
18.who##that
19.most severe【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文文章主要介绍了历史上的一些流行病
20.when题详解】17考查动词时态句意几个世纪之后，年的流感大流行，也被称为西班牙流感，在第一次世界大战即将结1918束时爆发根据可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时故填the GreatFlu Epidemicof1918”struck【题详解】18考查定语从句句意刚刚度过战争的家庭现在不得不埋葬死于这种疾病的亲人空处引导限定性定语从句，先行词指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词或引导故填或families,who thatwhothato【题详解】19考查形容词最高级句意西班牙流感在个月内导致万人死亡，被认为是历史上最严重的流行病此185000处修饰名词需用形容词作定语，此处表示“最严重的”应用故填epidemic mostsevere mostsevereo【题详解】考查时间状语从句句意起初，许多人认为这种流行病不再构成威胁，直到最近引起20SARS了人们的关注空处引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”，应用引导故填when when第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项Old and unrestored theatresare allaround usand yetso unnoticed.A newphotobook unveilstheir oftenoverlookedbeauty.Proctors Theatre,Newark,New JerseyAlthoughavailable outdoorsfrom streetsellers,food wasbanned intheatres todisplay respectability.In thelate1920s,however,the operatorsin Proctors Theatre in Newark began toset up stands toimprove the economic situationduring theGreat Depression.Popcorn andCoke wouldbecome asignificant partofthe theatres income.Proctors Theatre,Troy,New YorkOriginallyopened asProctors FourthStreet Theatrein1914,it hostedfamous comedianssuch asJack BennyandBob Hope.From1929,it wassuccessively takenover,renamed asProctors TroyTheatre andswitched toscreening films.In the1960s,it beganplaying second-run filmsbefore closingin
1977.It waslisted onthe NationalRegister ofHistoricPlaces NRHPin
1979.In2010,the theatrewas repairedbut iscurrently notbeing usedtoday.RKO KeithsFlushing Theatre,New YorkOriginallyopened in1928,RKO KeithsFlushing Theatrewas designedby ThomasLamb.In1982,it waslisted ontheNRHP.In1986,thetheatrewas boughtand closedby itsnew ownerwho plannedto builda shoppingcentre onthe site,intentionally damagingthe hall.In2019,despite thepreservation efforts,the hallwas knockeddown tomake wayfor aresidentialtower block.Metropolitan Opera House,PhiladelphiaThe theatrewas originallyopened asthe PhiladelphiaOperaHousein
1908.In the1920s,it wasrenamed astheMetropolitan OperaHouse,showing silentfilms inaddition tohosting variousopera companies.In the1940s,it became asports arena.In1954,it wasturned intoa church.In thelate1990s,the buildingwas purchasedby Mark Hatcher.Thechurch and the developer came to an agreement ona repair for a music venue that was completed and reopened in
2018.
21.In thelate1920s,Proctors Theatrein Newarkset upstands to.A.show respectfortheguests B.increase thetheatres incomeC.promote newlyreleased moviesD.compete withthe streetsellers
22.What canwe knowfromthe passageA.RKO KeithsFlushing Theatreis wellpreserved.B.Proctors Theatrein Troyplays second-run filmsnow.C.Metropolitan OperaHouse haswitnessed changesin itsfunction.D.Proctors Theatrein Newarkhas beenofficially listedontheNRHP.
23.What isthe purposeof thispassageA.To rankthe oldandunrestored theatres.B.To showthe developmentof Americantheatres.C.To encouragepeople toprotecttheold theatres.【答案】D.To provideinformation onoverlooked oldtheatres.
21.B
22.C
23.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文文章介绍了四个被人们忽略的老剧院题详解】L21细节理解题根据部分的Proctors Theatre,Newark,New Jersey“In thelate1920s,however,the operatorsin ProctorsTheatrein Newarkbegantosetupstandstoimprovetheeconomicsituationduring theGreat Depression.Popcorn and（然而，在世纪年代末，纽瓦克的普罗克特Coke wouldbecomeasignificant partofthetheatres income.2020剧院的经营者开始设立摊位，以改善大萧条时期的经济状况爆米花和可乐将成为剧院收入的重要组成部分）”可知,在世纪年设立（小吃）摊位是为了增加剧院的收入故选2020ProctorsTheatreinNewarkB【题详解】22细节理解题根据部分的Metropolitan OperaHouse,Philadelphia“In the1920s,it wasrenamed asthe MetropolitanOperaHouse,showing silentfilms inaddition tohosting variousopera companies.In the1940s,it became a sportsarena.In1954,it wasturned intoa church.In thelate1990s,the buildingwas purchasedby MarkHatcher.The churchand thedevelopercametoanagreementonarepairforamusicvenuethatwascompletedand.（在世纪年代，它被重新命名为大都会歌剧院，除了主办各种歌剧公司外，还放映无声reopenedin20182020电影在世纪年代，它变成了一个运动场年，它被改成了教堂上世纪年代末，这栋建筑被2040195490买下教堂和开发商就音乐场地的修复达成了协议，该场地于年完工并重新开放）”可知，MarkHatcher2018从上世纪年代到本世纪大约年间几经变化，从歌剧院到运动场，再到教堂，目Metropolitan OperaHouse20100前它是一个音乐场地，即的功能发生了变化故选Metropolitan OperaHouse C【题详解】23推理判断题根据第一段“Old andunrestoredtheatresare allaround usand yetso unnoticed.A newphotobook unveils（我们周围到处都是未修复的老剧院，却无人注意一本新的相册揭示了它们经常their oftenoverlooked beauty.被忽视的美）”结合下文对四个老剧院的独特之处的介绍可知，本文的目的是提供一些有关被忽略的旧剧院的资料故选DBTo theuntrained eye,a pingpong ball isjust a pingpongball.To aBeverly Clearyfan,its twomotorcycle helmetsformice.Ever since I readClearys seriesabout Ralph,the motorcycle-riding mouse,Ive neverlooked ata pingpongball-orthe world-the sameway.Amazing tothink thatits beenmorethanforty yearssinceIchecked outThe Mouseand theMotorcyclefrom myschool libraryin Northport,and yetthat oneparticular imageis asclear tomeasever.And whyshouldnt itbe Itsperfect.How I wanted amouse ofmy ownto ridea toymotorcycle aroundmy house!Thanks toClearys genius,a talkingmousefriend seemednot onlypossible butprobable.While muchof childrensliterature attemptedto explain the world fromthe point of view ofa wise and gentle adult,Cleary createdcharacters whosaw theworld asonly childrencan.With greatinterest,I readevery bookthat boreBeverlyClearys name.She seemedlike afriend whounderstood mein waysI didntyet understandmyself.Ive writteneight childrensbooks andhave alwayskept Beverlyssenseofwonder inmind.Idontremember atexactlywhat ageI decidedIwantedto writebooks,but Iknow thatby secondor thirdgrade,my teacherassigned aprojectthat allowedustofocus onwhatever wewanted.My best friend pickeddolphins;I chosechildrens authors,with alargechunk ofmyprojectbeingaboutwhoelseBeverly Cleaty!I toldthat storyrecently toa schoolgroup.One ofthe studentssaid,Thats fantastic!Youre yourproject onchildrensauthors andthen youbecame one!^^“Yes JI said.And mybest friendwho didher projecton dolphins——becamea dolphin!”“Really”the studentssaid inchorus.And thatperfectly sumsup whyI lovewriting forchildren:the beliefthat fantastic,magical thingscan happen.Bestfriends canbecome dolphins;mice canride toymotorcycles andbecome ourfriends.Thafs whatBeverly Clearytaught me.In thehands ofa giftedstoryteller,anything ispossible...and sovery funny.
24.The MouseandtheMotorcycle impressedtheauthormainly because.A.it recordedanimals9lifeB.it revealedthe wisdomof lifeC.it encouragedchildren toraise petsD.it describedtheworldfrom childrenseyes
25.When learningthe authorsfriend becameadolphin,the studentsfelt.A.amazed B.doubtful C.scared D.confused
26.What isthepassagemainly aboutA.What theauthor createdto attractchildren.B.What theauthor didto turnimpossible intopossible.C.How BeverlyCleary arousedchildrens interestin reading.D.How theauthor wasinspired tobeawriter byBeverlyCleary.【答案】
24.D
25.A
26.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文主要讲述了作者是如何受到贝弗利・克利里的启发成为一名作家的【题详解】24细节理解题根据第二段的uEver sinceI readClearys seriesabout Ralph,the motorcycle一riding mouse,Tve never一一（自从我读了克利里关于骑摩托车的老鼠拉尔夫的系列looked atapingpongball ortheworldthesameway.小说后，我就再也没有以同样的方式看待过乒乓球——或者世界）”第五段的“While muchof childrensliteratureattempted toexplaintheworldfromthepointofviewofawiseandgentleadult,Cleary createdcharacters whosaw the（很多儿童文学作品world asonly childrencan.With greatinterest,I readevery bookthat boreBeverly Clearysname.都试图从一个聪明、温柔的成年人的角度来解释世界，而克利里创作的人物则以只有儿童才能看到的视角来看待世界带着极大的兴趣，我读了每一本写着贝弗利克利里名字的书）”可知，♦The MouseandtheMotorcycle令作者印象深刻是因为它从儿童的视角来描述世界故选D【题详解】25推理判断题根据倒数第四和第三段一”And mybestfriendwho didher projecton dolphinsbecamea。
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