2021年考研英语二真题及答案

年考研英语二真题及答案2021Section IUse ofEnglishDirections:Read thefollowing text.Choose thebest wordsfor eachnumbered blankand markA,B,Cor Don the ANSWER SHEET.10pointsIts notdifficult toset targetsfor staff.It ismuch harder,1,to understand their negativeconsequences.Most work-related behaviorshave multiplecomponents.2one and the othersbecomedistorted.Travel on a Londonbus andyou113see howthis workswith drivers.Watchpeople get on andshow theirtickets.Are theycarefully inspectedNever.Do peoplegetonwithoutpaying Of course!Are thereinspectors to4that peoplehave paidPossibly,but veryfew.Andpeople whorun for the busThey are

5.How aboutjumping lightsBuses doso almostas frequentlyascyclists.Why Becausethe targetis

6.People complainedthat buseswere lateand infrequent.7,the numberof busesand buslanes wereincreased,and driverswere8or punishedaccordingto the time theytook.And drivershit thesetargets.But they9hit cyclists.If thetarget waschangedto10,you wouldhave moreinspectors and more sensitivepricing.If thecriterion changedtosafety,you wouldget more11drivers whoobeyed trafficlaws.But boththese criteriawouldbe atthe expenseof time.There is another12:people becameimmensely inventivein hittingtargets.Have you13that you can leaveon aflight anhour latebut stillarrive on time TailwindsOfcourse not!Airlines havesimply changedthe timea14is meantto take.A one-hour fightisnow balladas atwo-hour flight.The15of thestory issimple.Most jobsare multidimensional,with multiplecriteria.Choose onecriterion andyou may well16others.Everything Canbe donefasterand madecheaper,but there is a

17.Setting targetscan and does haveunforeseennegativeconsequences.This is not anargument againsttarget-setting.But it is anargument forexploringconsequences first.All goodtargets shouldhave multiplecriteria18critical factorssuch as time,money,quality andcustomer feedback.The trickisnot only to19just oneor eventwodimensions of the objective,but alsoto understandhow tohelp peoplebetter20the objective.

1.[A]therefore[B]however[C]again[D]moreover

2.[A]Emphasizes[B]Identify[C]Asses[D]Explain

31.[A]Their engineerswere retained.

32.[B]eliminate theirpotential competitors

33.[C]harm the national economy

34.[C]examine smallacquisitions

35.[A]brought littlefinancial pressureText4We，re fairlygood atjudging peoplebased onfirst impressions,thin slicesof experiencerangingfrom aglimpse of a phototo afive minuteinteraction,and deliberationcan benotonlyextraneousbut intrusive.In onestudy of the abilityshe called“thin slicing.”the latepsychologistNalini Ambadyasked participants to watchsilent10-second video clips ofprofessors andto ratetheinstructors overalleffectiveness.Their ratingscorrelated strongly.with studentsend-of-semester ratings.Another setof participantshad tocount backwardfrom1,000by ninesastheywatched theclips,occupying theirconscious workingmemory.Their ratingswere justasaccurate,demonstrating theintuitive natureof thesocial processing.Critically,another groupwas askedto spenda minutewriting downreasons fortheir judgment,before givingthe rating.Accuracy,dropped dramatically.Ambady suspectedthat deliberationfocusedthem onvivid butmisleading cues,suchascertain gesturesor utterances,rather thanlettingthe complexinterplay ofsubtle signalsform aholistic impression.She foundsimilarinterference whenparticipants watched15-second clipsof pairsof peopleand judgedwhetherthey werestrangers,friends,or datingpartners.Other researchshows were betterat detectingdeception fromthin sliceswhen werely onintuitioninstead ofreflection.〃Its asif you，re drivinga stickshit,〃says Judith Hall,apsychologist atNortheastern University,“and if you startthinking aboutit toomuch,you can，tremember whatyou，re doing.But ifyou goon automaticpilot,you，re fine.Much of our sociallifeis likethat.z，Thinking toomuch canalso harmour ability to formpreferences.College studentsratings ofstrawberryjams andcollege coursesaligned betterwith experts*opinions whenthe studentsweren，t askedto analyzetheir rationale.And peoplemade car-buying decisionsthat werebothobjectively betterand morepersonally satisfyingwhen askedto focuson theirfeelings ratherthanondetails,but onlyif thedecision wascomplex—when theyhad a lot ofinformation toprocess.Intuition，s specialpowers areunleashed onlyin certaincircumstances.In onestudy,participants completeda batteryof eighttasks,including fourthat tappedrelctive thinkingdiscerningnules,comprehending vocabularyand fourthat tappedintuition andcreativitygenerating newproducts orfigures ofspeech.Then theyrated thedegree towhich theyhad usedintuition〃gut feelings./z hunches,“my heartz，.Use of their guthurt theirperformanceon thefirstfour tasks,as expected,and helpedthem on the rest.Sometimes theheart issmarter thanthehead.

36.Nalini Ambady，s studydeals with[A]the powerof peopleS memory[B]the reliabilityof firstimpressions[C]instructor-student interaction[D]people sabilitytoinfluence others

37.In Ambady，s study,rating accuracydropped whenparticipants.[A]focused onspecific details[B]gave therating inlimited time[C]watched shortervideoclips[D]discussed withone another

38.JudithHallmentions drivingto showthat[A]reflection can be distracting[B]memory maybe selective[C]social skillsmust becultivated[D]deception isdifficult todetect

39.When you are makingcomplex decisions,it isadvisable to_[A]collect enoughdata[B]list yourpreferences[C]seek expertadvice[D]follow yourfeelings

40.What canwe learn from thelast paragraph[A]Generating newproducts takestime[B]Intuition mayaffect reflectivetasks[C]Vocabulary comprehensionneeds creativity[D]Objective thinkingmay boost intuitiveness.参考答案

36.[B]the reliabilityof firstimpression

37.[A]focused onspecific details

38.[A]reflection cambe distracting

39.[D]follow yourfeelings

40.[B]intuition mayaffect reflectivetasksPart BDirections:The followingparagraphs aregiven ina wrongorder.For Questions41-45,you arerequiredto reorganizethese paragraphsinto acoherent articleby choosingfrom thelist A-G andfillingthem into the numberedboxes.Paragraphs Cand Fhave beencorrectly placed.Markyour answers on ANSWERSHEET.10pointsA.Stay calm.B.Stay humble.C.Decide whetherto wait.D.Be realisticabout therisks.E.Don，t makejudgements.F.Identify ashared goal.G.Ask permissionto disagreeHowto disagree with someonemore powerfulthan youYourboss proposesa newinitiative youthink wont work.Your seniorcolleague outlinesaproject timelineyou believeis unrealistic.What do you seewhen youdisagreewith someone whohasmore powerthan you do Howdoyoudecide whetherits worthspeaking upAnd ifyou do,what exactlyshould yousay Here，s how to disagreewithsomeonemore powerfulthan you.

41.________________________You maydecide itsbest tohold offon voicing your opinion.Maybe youhaven，t finishedthinkingthe problemthrough,or youwant toget aclearer senseof what the groupthinks.If youthinkother peopleare going to disagree,too,you mightwant togather yourarmy first.Peoplecancontribute experienceor informationto yourthinking-all thethings thatwould make thedisagreement strongeror morevalid.Its alsoa goodidea todelay theconversation ifyou areinameeting orother publicspace.Discussing theissue inprivate will makethepowerful personfeelless threatened.

42.___________________________Before youshare yourthoughts,think aboutwhatthepowerful personcares about一it maybethe credibilityof theirteam orgetting aproject doneontime.You remore likelyto beheardifyou canconnect your disagreement to a higherpurpose.State itovertly,contextualizing yourstatementsso thatyou reseen not as adisagreeable subordinatebut as a colleaguewhos tryingtoadvancea commonobjective.The discussionwill thenbecome morelike achess gamethan aboxingmatch.

43._________________________This stepmay soundoverly deferential,but itsa smartway togive thepowerful personpsychologicalsafety andcontrol.You cansee somethinglike,“I knowwe seemto bemovingtoward afirst quartercommitment here.I havereasons to think thatwontwork,rdlike tolayoutmy reasoning-Would thatbe0K〃This givesthe persona choice,allowing him to verballyoptin.And,assuming hesays yes,it willmake youfeel moreconfident aboutvoicingyourdisagreement.

44.___________________________You mightfeel yourheart racingor yourface turningred,but dowhatever youcan toremainnatural inboth yourwords andactions.When yourbody languagecommunicates reluctanceoranxiety,it undercutsthe message.It sendsa mixedmessage,and yourcounterpart gelsto choosewhatsignals toread.Deep breathscan help,a canspeaking moreslowly anddeliberately.Whenwe feelpanicky,we tend to talklouder andfaster.Simply slowingthe paceand talkingin aneventonehelps theother personcool downanddoesthe samefor you.It alsomakes youseem confident,even ifyou arent.

45.____________________________Emphasize thatyou，re onlyoffering youropinion,not gospeltruth.It maybe awell-informed,well-researched opinion,but itsstill anopinion,so talktentatively andslightly understateyourconfidence.Instead ofsaying,“If weset anend ofquarter deadline,we willnever makeit〃say,“This isjust myopinion,but I don，t seehow wewillmakethat deadline.Having assertedyouropinion as a position,notasa fact,demonstrate equalcuriosity aboutother views.Remindtheperson thatthis isyour pointof view,and theninvite critique.Be opento hearingother opinions.参考答案

41.[C]Decide whetherto wait

42.[F]Identify ashared goal

43.[G]Ask permissionto disagree

44.[A]Stay calm

45.[B]Stay humblePart C

46.Directions:Translate thefollowing textfrom Englishinto Chinese.Write yourtranslation onANSIWERSHIEET.15pointsWe tendtothinkthat friendsand family members areour biggestsources ofconnection,laughter,and warmth.While thatmaywellbe true,researchers have also recentlyfound that interactingwith strangersactually bringsa boostin moodand feelingsof belongingthat wedidn，t expect.In oneseries ofstudies,researchers instructedChicago-area commutersusing publictransportationto strikeup aconversation withsomeone nearthem.On average,participants whofollowedthis instructionfelt betterthan those who hadbeen toldto standor sitin silence.The researchersalso arguedthat whenwe shyaway fromcasual interactionswith strangers,itis oftendue toa misplacedanxiety that they mightnot wantto talkto us.Much of thetime,however,this beliefis false.As itturns out,many peopleare actuallyperfectly willing totalk andmay evenbe flatteredto receiveyour attention.参考译文我们倾向于认为朋友和家人是我们关系、欢乐和温暖的最大来源尽管这一说法很大程度上是对的，但是研究者们最近也发现，与陌生人交流实际上也会带来我们意料之外的情绪高涨和归属感在一系列的研究中，研究者们通知芝加哥地区乘用公共交通的通勤者开始一段和周围人的交流一般来讲，得到通知的参加者们比要求安静站着或坐着的人们感觉更好同时，研究者们也认为我们羞于和陌生人随意交流时，经常是因为一种错位的恐慌，即他们可能并不像和我们聊天但是，很多时候，这种观念是错误的正如结果证实，很多人实际上非常愿意去开始一段谈话，甚至可能很开心得到你的注意Section HIWriting PartA

47.Directions Writean email to allinternational expertson campusinviting themto attendthe graduationceremony.In youremail you should includetime,place andother relevantinformation abouttheceremony.You shouldwrite about100words neatlyontheANSEWER SHEETDonot useyour ownname atthe endof theemail.Use“Li Ming”instead.10points Supposeyouare organizingan onlinemeeting,write anemailtoJack,an internationalstudent to

1.invitehim toparticipate

2.Tell himabout thedetails解析英语二小作文考查的是电子邮件，属于书信类型，要求考生写一封邀请信对于邀请信，考生应该在审题的时候弄清楚写信对象是机构还是个人，很明显要求给杰克写信，因此称呼上就可以直接写Dear Jack邀请书信的第一段可以写两句话第一句写出即将召开一次会议这个背景即可；第二句要求写出写信目的，写信目的是第一段最重要的第二段大概写4句话第一句写个主题句第二句至第四句写关于这次会议的具体内容，这部分具体内容没有硬性要求，可以自己编写，比如会议的主题、会议的议程和会议的参加之守o第三段大概写三句第一句是再次表明写信目的，即希望对方能出席会议，第二句表示感谢，第三句写期待回复正文最后写结束语和签名，切记不能写自己的名字，用李明来落款日期可以写也可以不写，建议大家不写日期，如果写日期的话要写在正文的右上角参考范文.Dear Jack,On behalfof thecouncil ofthe meeting,I amhonorable toinform youthereisgoingtoan onlinemeetingnext week.I amwriting toask ifyouareavailable toparticipate inthis meetingat10:00a.m.on nextSunday.Some detailed information concerningthis meetingcan belisted asbelow.The subjectof themeeting,initially,is regardinghowtoimprove studentsstudy efficiency.To continue,themeeting willlast approximately2hours,including participants,speeches,discussion andourpresident ssummary.More importantly,the meetingwill beheld viathe Internet,so it isnecessary for all theparticipantstoprepare for a P.C.oramobile phone.I sincerelyhope thatyou couldgive mehonor toattend thismeeting.Your promptattention tomyemail wouldbe highlyappreciated.I amlooking forwardto yourresponse.Yours truly,Li MingPartB

48.Directions Writean essaybased onthe chartbelow.In yourwriting,youshould1interpret thechart,and2give yourcomments.You shouldwrite about150words onthe ANSWERSHEET.15points某市居民锻炼方式调查

60.0%

54.3%

50.0%

40.0%

30.0%

23.9eo工

20.0%

110.0%

0.0%独自锻煤和朋友一起和家人一起6B体活动参考范文As isapparently reflectedin thecolumn above,we areinformed asurvey interms ofvariousapproaches inwhich residentstake sportsexercise ina certaincity.To be more specific,thosetaking exerciseby themselvesor with friends takea lions share,accounting forover90%.Bycontrast,thosewhochoose to be engagedin physicalsports withfamilymembersor participateingroupactivities occupya minorproportion,making up

23.9%and

13.8%respectively.It isnota difficultjob to find outthe reasonsbehind thisphenomenon.There isno denyingthat,to beginwith,along witha growingamount ofpressure,people increasinglyrecognize thesignificanceof sports,asaresult ofwhich,it isno surprise to seea sportswave inour society.Simultaneously,it isthe differentiationof individualsthat givesrisetovarious preferencesandinclinationtowards sportsapproaches,to theextent thatsomeone wouldlike to take physicalexercisealone,others arewillingto do sportswithfriendsor family.Based onwhat hasbeen analyzedabove,a conclusioncanbedrawn safelythat takingphysicalexercise willundoubtedly begood forpeople shealth no matter whomyoudoit withtogether.As aproverb goes,“Go outsideand keepmoving,you will be muchhealthier.”Considering thediscussion above,itispredicted that there willbemoreresidents participatinginsports activitiesin theforthcoming years.3[A]nearly[B]curiously[C]eagerly[D]quickly

4.[A]claim[B]prove[C]check[D]recall

5.[A]threatened[B]ignored[C]mocked[D]blamed

6.[A]punctuality[B]hospitality[C]competition[D]innovation

7.[A]Yes[B]So[C]Besides[D]Still

8.[A]hired[B]trained[C]rewarded[D]grouped

9.[A]only[B]rather[C]once[D]also

10.[A]comfort[B]revenue[C]efficiency[D]security

11.[A]friendly[B]quiet[C]cautious[D]diligent

12.[A]purpose[B]problem[C]prejudice[D]policy

13.[A]reported[B]revealed[C]admitted[D]noticed

14.[A]break[B]trip[C]departure[D]transfer

15.[A]moral[B]background[C]style[D]form

16.[A]interpret[B]criticize[C]sacrifice[D]tolerate

17.[A]task[B]secret[C]product[D]cast

18.[A]leading to[B]calling for[C]relating to[D]accounting for

19.[A]specify[B]predict[C]restore[D]create

20.[A]modify[B]review[C]present[D]achieve参考答案

1.[B]however

2.[A]Emphasize

3.[D]quickly

4.[C]check

5.[B]ignored

6.[A]punctuality

7.[B]So

8.[C]rewarded

9.ED]also

10.[B]revenue

11.[C]cautious

12.[B]problem

13.[D]noticed

14.[B]trip

15.[B]background

16.[C]sacrifice

17.[D]cost

18.[C]relating to

19.[A]specify

20.[D]achieveSection IIReading ComprehensionPartADirections:Read thefollowing fourtexts.Answer thequestions beloweach textby choosingA,B,C orD.Mark youranswersontheANSWERSHEET.40pointsText1Reskilling issomething thatsounds likea buzzwordbut isactually arequirement ifwe plantohaveafuture wherealotof would-be workersdo notget leftbehind.We knowwe aremoving intoa periodwhere the jobs indemand willchange rapidly,as willtherequirements ofthejobsthat remainResearch by the WEFdetailedin the HarvardBusinessReview,finds thaton average42percent ofthe“core skills〃within jobroles willchangeby

2022.That isa veryshort timeline,so wecan onlyimagine whatthe changeswillbefurther in thefuture.The questionof whoshould payfor reskillingisathorny one.For individualcompanies,thetemptation isalways tolet goof workerswhose skills are nolonger indemand andreplace themwiththose whoseskillsare.That doesnot alwayshappen.ATT isoften givenas thegoldstandard ofa companywho decided todoa massivereskilling programrather thango withafire-and-hire strategy.Other companieshad alsopledged tocreate theirown plans.When theskillsmismatchis in the broadereconomy.Though,the focususually turnsto governmentto handle.Efforts in Canada andelsewhere havebeen arguablylanguid atbest.And havegiven usa situationwherewe frequentlyhear ofemployers beggingfor workers.Even attimes andin regionswhereunemployment ishigh.With the pandemic,unemployment isvery highindeed.In Februaryat

3.5per centand

5.5P.C.respectively,unemployment ratesin CanadaandtheUnited Stateswere atgenerational1owsand workershortages wereeverywhere.As ofMay,those rateshad spikedup to

13.3per centand

13.7per cent,and althoughmany workershortages haddisappeared,not allhad doneso.Inthe medicalfield,totake an obviousexample,thepandemicmeant thatthere werestill cleanshortagesof doctors,nurses andother medicalpersonnel.Ofcourse,itisnot likeyoucantakeanunemployed waiterand trainhimto be adoctor inafew weeks,nomatterwho paysfor it.But evenifyoucannot closethe gap,maybe youcan closeothersand doingso wouldbe to the benefitof allconcern.That seemsto bethe casein Sweden:when forcedto furlough90PC.oftheircabin staff.Scandinavian Airlinedecided tostart upashortretaining programthat reskilledthe laid-off workersto supporthospital staff.The effortwasacollective oneand involvedother companiesas wellasaSwedish university.

21.Research bytheWorld EconomicForum suggests[A]an increasein fulltime employment[B]an urgentdemandfor new job sills[C]a steadygrowth ofjob opportunities[D]a controversyre about the“core skillsv

22.ATT iscited toshow.[A]an alternativetothefire-and-hire strategy[B]an immediateneed forgovernment support[C]the importanceof staffappraisal standards[D]the characteristicsof res-killing programs

23.Efloris toresolve theskills mismatchinCanada[A]have drivenup labourcosts[B]have provedtobeinconsistent[C]have metwith fierceopposition[D]have appeared tobe insufficient

24.We canlearnfromParagraph3thattherewas[A]a callfor policyadjustment[B]a changein hiringpractices[C]a lackof medicalworkers[D]a signof economicrecovery

25.Scandinavian Airlinesdecidedto.[A]create jobvacancies forthe unemployed[B]prepare theirlaid ofworkers for other jobs[C]retrain theircabin stafffor betterservices[D]finance theirstaff scollege education参考答案

21、[B]an urgentdemand fornewjobskills

22、[A]an alternativetothefire andhire strategy

23、[D Jhaveappearedtobeinsufficient

24、[C]a lackof medicalworkers

25、[B]prepare theirlaid-off workersforotherjobs Text2With theglobal populationpredicted tohit closeto10billion by2050,and forecaststhatagricultural productionin someregions willneed tonearly doubleto keeppace,food securityisincreasingly makingheadlines.In the UK,it hasbecome abig talkingpoint recentlytoo,forarather particularreason:Brexit.Brexit isseen bysome asan opportunityto reversea recenttrend towardsthe UKimporting food.The countryproduces onlyabout60per centofthefood iteats,down fromalmost three-quartersin thelate1980s.A moveback toself-sufficiency,the argumentgoes,would boostthefarming industry,political sovereigntyand eventhe nationshealth.Sounds great一buthow feasibleis thisvisionAccording toa reporton UKfood productionfrom theUniversity ofLeeds,UK,85per centofthe countrystotal landarea isassociated withmeat and dairy production.That supplies80per centof whatis consumed,so evencovering thewhole countryin livestockfarms wouldn，t allowus tocover allour meatand dairyneeds.There aremany caveatsto thosefigures,but theyare stillgrave.To becomemuch moreself-sufficient,the UKwould needto drasticallyreduce itsconsumption ofanimal foods,andprobably alsofarm moreintensively一meaning fewergreen fields,andmorefactory-styleproduction.But switchingtoamainly plant-based dietwouldn，t help.There isa goodreason whythe UKisdominated byanimal husbandry:most ofits terraindoesn，t havethe rightsoil orclimateto growcropsonacommercial basis.Just25per centofthecountrys landis suitablefor crop-growing,most ofwhich isalready occupiedby arablefields.Even ifwe convertedall thesuitable landtofieldsof fruit and veg-which wouldinvolve takingout allthe naturereserves andremovingthousands ofpeople from their homes-we wouldachieve onlya30per centboostincrop production.Just23per centofthefruitandvegetables consumedinthe UK arecurrently home-grown,soeven withthe mostextreme measureswe couldmeet only30per centofourfresh produceneeds.That isbefore welook forthe spaceto growthe grains,sugars,seeds andoils thatprovideus withthe vastbulk ofour currentcalorie intake.

26.Some peopleargue thatfood self-sufficiency inthe UKwould.A.be hinderedby itspopulation growthB.contribute tothe nation，s well-beingC.become apriority ofthe governmentD.pose achallenge toits farmingindustry

27.The reportbytheUniversity ofLeeds showsthatinthe UK.A.farmland hasbeen inefficientlyutilizedB.factory-style productionneeds reformingC.most landis usedfor meatand dairyproductionD.more greenfields willbe convertedfor farming

28.Crop-growing intheUKis restricteddue to.A.its farmingtechnologyB.its dietarytraditionC.its naturalconditionsD.its commercialinterests

29.It canbe learnedfromthelast paragraphthat Britishpeople.A.rely largelyon importsfor freshproduceB.enjoy asteady risein fruitconsumptionC.are seekingeffective waysto cutcalorie intakeD.are tryingto grownew varietiesof grains

30.The author，s attitudeto foodself-sufficiency intheUKis.A.defensiveB.doubtfulC.tolerantD.Optimistic参考答案

26.[B]contribute tothenation，s well,being

27.[C]most landis usedfor meatanddairyproduction

28.[C]its naturalconditions

29.[A]rely largelyon importsfor freshproduce

30.[B]doubtfulText3When Microsoftbought taskmanagement appWunderlist andmobile calendarSunrise in2015,it pickedtwo newcomersthat wereattracting considerablebuzz inSilicon Valley.Microsoft，s ownOffice dominatesthe marketfor productivity”software,but thestart-upsrepresented anew waveof technologydesigned fromthe groundup forthe smartphoneworld.Both apps,however,were laterscrapped afterMicrosoft saidit hadused theirbest featuresinits own products.Their teamsof engineersstayed on,making themtwo ofthe many“acqui-hires”thatthe biggest companies have usedto feedtheir greathunger fortech talentTo Microsoftscritics,the fatesof Wunderlist and Sunriseare examplesofaremorselessdrive byBig Techto chewup anyinnovative companiesthat liein theirpath.They boughttheseedlings andclosed themdown,“complained Paul Arnold,a partnerat SanFrancisco-basedSwitch Ventures,putting anendtobusinesses thatmight oneday turninto competitors.Microsoftdeclined tocomment.Like otherstart-up investors,Mr Arnold，sownbusiness oftendepends onselling start:ups tolargertech companies,though headmits tomixed feelingsabouttheresult:I thinkthese thingsaregood forme,if Iput myselfish haton.But arethey goodfortheAmerican economyIdon，tknow.〃The USFederal TradeCommission saysit wantstofindthe answerto thatquestion.Thisweek,it askedthe fivemost valuableUS tech companies forinformation abouttheir manysmallacquisitions overthe pastdecade.Although onlya researchproject atthis stage,the requesthasraisedthe prospectof regulatorswading intoearly-stage techmarkets thatuntil nowhave beenbeyondtheir reach.Given theircombined marketvalue ofmore than$

5.5trillion,rifling throughsuch smallDeals-many ofthem muchless prominentthan Wunderlistand Sunrise-might seembesidethe point.Between them,the five biggest tech companieshavespent anaverage ofonly$

3.4billion ayear onsub-$l billionacquisitions overthe pastfive years-a dropintheoceancompared withtheir massivefinancial reserves,andthemore than$130billion ofventurecapital thatwas investedintheUs lastyear.However,critics saythe bigcompanies usesuch dealsto buytheir mostthreatening potentialcompetitorsbefore theirbusinesses havea chanceto gainmomentum,in somecases aspart ofa“buy andkill tacticto simplyclose themdown.

31.What istrue aboutWunderlistandSunrise aftertheir acquisitionsA.Their engineerswere retained.B.Their marketvalues declined.C.Their techfeatures improved.D.Their productswere repriced.

32.Microsofts criticsbelieve thatthebigtechcompaniestend toAexaggerate theirproduct qualityB.eliminate theirpotential competitorsC.treat newtech talentunfairlyD.ignore publicopinions

33.PaulArnoldis concernedthat smallacquisitions mightA.weaken bigtech companiesB.worsen marketcompetitionC.harm thenational economyD.discourage start-up investors

34.The USFederal TradeCommission intendsto*A.limit BigTech，s expansionB.encourage researchcollaborationC.examine smallacquisitionsD.supervise start-ups operations

35.For thefivebiggesttechcompanies,their smallacquisitions haveA.brought littlefinancial pressureB.raised fewmanagement challengesC.set aexample forfuture dealsD.generated considerableprofits参考答案。