2025年托福学科核心词汇集锦攻略

托福词汇汇总分学科词汇・■一天文类word,mp3partT.天文1ASTRONOMY天文学astronomy天文的astronomical天文台astronomical observatory天文学家astronomer天文物理学astrophysics占星学astrology伪科学pseudoscience宇宙cosmosuniverse宇宙学cosmology无限的infinite宇宙的cosmic宇宙辐射cosmic radiation宇宙射线cosmic rays天的celestial天体celestial bodyheavenly body天体图celestial mapsky atlas天球celestial sphere矮星dwarf dwarfstar类星体，类星射电源quasar星座constellation新河系galaxy MilkyWay星团cluster太阳系solar system日冕solar corona日食solar eclipse太阳辐射solar radiation分学科词汇・■一物理类word,mp3part8物理

8.PHYSICS物理physics力学mechanics热力学thermodynamics声学acoustics电磁学electromagnetism光学optics动力学dynamics力force速度velocity力口速度acceleration平衡equilibrium静力学statics运动motion惯性inertia弓力gravitation I相对relativity地心引力gravity震动vibration媒质medium media频率frequency波长wavelength音高pitch强度intensity回声echo回声，洪亮resonance声纳sonar超声学ultrasonics电electricity静电static electricity磁性,磁力magnetism磁体magnet电磁electromagnet磁场magnetic field电流electric current直流电direct currentDC交流电alternating currentAC电路electric circuit电荷electric charge电压electric voltage触电electric shock电器导体绝缘体electric applianceconductor insulator半导体（）电池干电池semiconductor batterycell drybattery蓄电池电子学电子的storage batteryelectronics electronic（）电子零件集成电electronic componentpart integratedcircuit路集成电器片，集成块chip电子管真空管晶体管electron tubevacuum tubetransistor（名词）放大（动词）放大放大器，amplification amplifyamplifier扬声器震荡光（学）的光学纤维oscillation opticaloptical fiberlens透镜，镜片凸透镜凹透镜显微镜convex concavemicroscope望远镜放大镜光谱紫外telescope magnifierspectrum ultraviolet线射线丫射线红外线X raysX Gammarays infraredrays微波色散透明半microwaves dispersiontransparent translucent透明不透明的opaque分学科词汇・・・・数学类word,mp3part9数学数学家9MATHEMATICS mathematicsmathematician算术arithmetic计算calculation计算器calculator算盘abacus数字numeral和sum总和，总数total sumtotal总计aggregate分数，小数fraction十进位，十进小数decimal数字，数位digit比例percentage加法addition加上plus减法subtraction减去minus乘法multiplication乘法表multiplication table乘以multiply乘以times乘方power平方square除法division除以divide代数algebra表达量的数或符号quantity方程式，等式equation公式formula根root几何geometry几何的geometric维dimension平行的平行线parallel adj.n.四边形quadrilateral正方形square面积area长方形，矩形rectangle多边形polygon立方形cube体积volume球形sphere圆形circle椭圆形ellipse oval圆锥形cone圆周circumference直径diameter半径radius三角形triangle角angle角度degree微积分calculus微分学differential calculus积分学integral calculus函数function概率probability记录statistics量的，数量的quantitative质的，质量的qualitative推论，演绎归纳deduction inferenceinduction分学科词汇・・・・农业类word,mp3part10农业10AGRICULTURE农业agriculture farming农业的agricultural土壤;土地land soil土壤保护soil conservation泥土流失soil erosion粉砂,泥沙silt黏土，湿土clay土块clod土地的，农业的agrarian试验性的pilot experimental耙，耙土harrow rake田填ridge犁沟furrow小块土也plot patch农场，牧场ranch种植园plantation果园orchard苗圃nursery苗床seedbed镰刀sickle铲，锹spade平头铲shovel稿pick拖拉机tractor耕作cultivate till播种sowseed收害harvest ij除草weed浇灌irrigate月巴manurefertilizer/I喷洒农药spray杀虫齐insecticidepesticide ij害虫pest锈病rust谷物，谷粒grain cereal粮仓granarygrain store碾，磨mill小麦wheat玉米corn大米rice大麦barley高粱sorghum燕麦oats黑麦rye粟,小米millet蔬菜vegetable园艺学horticulture水栽法，营养液栽培法hydroponics温室greenhouseglasshouse,hotbed洋白菜cabbage生菜lettuce芥菜mustard菠菜spinach花椰菜broccoli黄瓜cucumber茄子eggplant辣椒pepper南瓜pumpkin西红柿tomato甜菜beet胡萝卜carrot小红萝卜radish豌豆pea大豆soybean芹菜celery大蒜garlic韭菜leek洋葱头onion土豆potato花生peanut芝麻sesame棉花cotton畜牧业husbandry animalhusbandry牧场pasture家畜livestock家禽fowl poultry牛，家畜cattle野牛buffalo奶牛dairy dairycattle乳牛场dairy farm作饲料用干草hay干草堆haystack饲料fodder feed饲料槽trough牲畜槽barnshed厩,马厩stable牛棚cowshed猪圈pigpen hogpen,pigsty羊栏sheepfold sheeppen鸡舍roost henhouse养鱼场fish farm水产养殖aquaculture分学科词汇・一一动物类word,mp3parti1动物11ANIMAL达尔文学说Darvinism自然选择natural selection纲class目order科family属genus亚目suborder种species无脊椎动物invertebrate脊椎动物vertebrate水生动物aquatic life爬行动物reptile两栖动物amphibian amphibiousanimal恐龙dinosaur鸟类bird灭绝extinction哺乳动物mammal灵长目动物primates昆虫insect（复数）触须antenna antennae幼虫,幼体larva伪装camouflage害虫pest虫，蠕虫worm冬眠hibernate蜥蜴lizard变色蜥蜴chameleon再生regeneration龟turtle野兽beast驯养domesticate（）食肉的predatory carnivorous捕食者predator（动词）捕食prey（名词）被捕食的动物食腐动物scavenger迁移migrate翅膀，翼wing（鸟）嘴bill（鹰等的）嘴beak筑巢nest海豚dolphin鲸鱼whale蝙蝠bat大猩猩gorilla黑猩猩chimpanzee栖息地habitat啮齿动物（如松鼠）rodent灵长动物primate浮游生物plankton软体动物mollusk腔肠动物（如珊瑚）coelenterate小虾shrimp对虾prawn对虾lobster螃蟹crab蛤蝴clam海绵sponge珊瑚coral海星starfish金丝雀canary（鸟，虫的叫声）唧唧chirp（老鼠等）吱吱squeak海月豕porpoise树懒sloth懒惰的slothful卫生hygiene卫生sanitation寄生虫parasite蛾moth毛虫caterpillar（昆虫等）群hordes（昆虫等）群swarms（鸟，羊等）群flock动物的群落或人的部落community兽群herd（花等）束，捧bunch海狸beaver一夫一妻的，一雄一雌的一夫多妻的，一monogamous polygamous雄多雌的一妻多夫的，一雌多雄的polyandrous诱捕动物者trapper犀牛rhinoceros小生态环境niche退化器官，遗迹vestige牡蛎oyster使…受精fertilizer幼虫larvae触角tentacle恒温动物homotherm变温动物poikilotherm新陈代谢metabolism狒狒baboon（名词）品种，（动词）繁殖breed（）繁殖multiply reproduce孵hatch（鱼、虾、蛙等）孵spawn（）解剖学offspring young解剖学anatomy食欲appetite生物creature微生物microbe食草的herbivorous食肉的杂事的carnivorous omnivorous分学科词汇・・・・植物类word,mp3part12植物12PLANT植物学botany植物学家botanist植物的botanical botanic植物plant水生植物aquatic plant寄生植物parasite plant根root树冠层，顶棚canopy叶foliage leaf小叶leaflet叶的丛生rosette茎stem杆stalk叶柄leafstalk嫩芽，抽枝shoot sprout花flower花蕾bud花瓣petal果皮peelskin硬果壳shell干果壳；玉米苞叶husk树干trunk树枝branch大或者粗的树枝bough小树枝twig树皮bark丛林jungle草坪lawn草地，牧场meadow大草原prairie灌木shrub bush一簇灌木cluster蕨类植物fern草herb光合作用photosynthesis共生symbiosis凋落wither shrivel,fade花粉pollen传授花粉pollinate授粉pollination细胞cell组织tissue器官organ系统system种子seeds永久的everlasting兰花orchid授粉pollinate杂交crossbreed灌木shrub红杉sequoia根压root pressure凝聚压力cohesion-tension腔，肠bore花柱column共生的symbiotic免疫immunity生物，有机物organism坏死necrosis贫瘠barren无用的futile碳水化合物淀粉，糖类carbohydrate starch葡萄糖glucose淀粉starch脂肪fat蛋白质protein维他命vitamin卡路里热量单位calorie营养不良的malnourished营养nutrition分学科词汇・・・・政治类word,mp3partl3政治13POLITICS宪法constitution立法legislation民主党Democrats共和党Republicans修正案Amendment美国国会Congress参议院Senate众议院House ofRepresentatives行星planet小行星planetoid asteroid旋转，绕转revolve闪烁twinkle肉眼naked eye水星Mercury金星Venus地球Earth火星Mars木星Jupiter土星Saturn天王星Uranus海王星Neptune冥王星Pluto轨道orbit旋转spin卫星satellite月球的lunar流星meteor流星雨meteor shower流星体meteoroid陨石meteorite彗星comet太空,夕卜层空间宇宙space outerspace spacecraftspaceship飞船宇航员，航天员宇航服，航spacemanastronaut spacesuit天服航天飞机space shuttle空间望远镜space telescope宇航员astronaut恒星star恒星的stellar星系间的intergalactic恒星间的interstellar行星间的interplanetary君主制monarchy无政府主义anarchism联邦制federal system总统制presidential system市的，市政的大都市的中央集municipal metropolitancentralized权的意识形态擦略关税ideology maneuvertariff移民immigrant机构化institutionalize选举election投票vote任职officeholding否决veto美国革命/独立战争美国American RevolutionIndependence War独立战争美国内战激进的，主线的American CivilWar radical颠覆性的独立的激感人心overturning independentbreathtaking的军事的拓殖，殖民人均叛military colonizeper capitatreason国诡计监禁释放特赦conspiracy imprisonmentrelease pardon训斥，指控accusation福利welfare资助，赞助patronage联合，结合unionization分学科词汇・・・・教育类word,mp3part14教育14EDUCATION教育家educator高等教育higher education道德品质moral character领域domain全体教员faculty校友alumni生活委员，财务大臣选课制度treasurer electivesystem curriculum课程（总称）学科，管理discipline死记硬背learn byrote分学科词汇（）・一一音乐类word,mp3partl5音乐15MUSIC乐器musical instrument乐队orchestra弦乐string管乐wind摇拨浪鼓shook rattle击鼓pound drum点脚,跺脚footbeat震荡，打击乐器percussion音符note乐谱score乐章movement狂热的fanatical乡村音乐hillbilly music民间音乐folk music流行音乐pop music古典音乐classical music爵士乐Jazz分学科词汇（）・心理类word,mp3---part16心理PSYCHOLOGY心理的mental身体的，物质的，物理的physical心灵的spiritual从众conformity多数人majority少数人minority（心理学）初始性判断threshold judgment受试验对象subject托福阅读历年真题文章题材:生物类―生物类叶绿素chlorophyll氨基酸amino acids蛋白质protein氮nitrogen光合作用photosyntheticadj-photosynthesisn.植物学botany植物学家botanist地衣，苔薛lichen菌类funguspl.fungi海藻algaepl.alga细菌bacterium pl.bacteria有机物organism啮齿类动物rodent灵长类动物primate哺乳类动物mammal爬行类动物reptile捕食者predator被捕食者prey水生的aquatic动脉artery静脉vein指甲fingernail鳞片scale爪子claw角horn滋养,供应…,营养nourish蚌clam虾crab狸beaver池塘pond水坑puddle蜗牛snail虾shrimp荷尔蒙hormone肠intestine谷物corn南瓜squash豆类植物bean花蜜nectar花粉pollen蜂巢hive苔薛moss小行星asteroid星云nebula太空垃圾space debris氨ammonia日冕corona色球色球层对流层chromosphere photosphereconvection zone真空红外线球粒vacuum infraredray chondrite绝对量级辐射absolute magnituderadiation发射，散发高清晰度干扰emission high-resolution interferometer仪分学科词汇・・・・,地理类word,mp3part2地理GEOGRAPHY地理geography上也理学家geographer半球hemisphere子午线，经线meridian平行圈,纬线parallel经度latitude精度longitude海拔elevation高度altitude温带地区temperate latitudes地平线horizon赤道equator热带地区tropics北极Arctic南极AntarcticAntarctica探险expedition时区time zone地形，地形学topography平原plain高地plateau highland低地lowland盆地basin洞穴cavern cave地区terrain地底下subterraneanunderground沿海地区coastland岛屿island大陆岛continental island火山岛volcanic island珊瑚岛coral island小岛islet半岛peninsular大陆continent大陆架continental shelf山脉ranges峡谷valley峡谷canyon海峡channel strait遥感的remote-sensing地球的，陆地的terrestrial地热terrestrial heatgeothermal土也磁terrestrial magnetismgeomagnetism大陆漂移学说continental drift海床扩展sea-floor spreading蒸发evaporation含盐度salinity海床ocean bottom沉淀物，沉积物sediment热带的tropical温带的temperate寒带的frigid形成formation冻胀现象frost heaving卵石fieldstone学科词汇・・・・,地质类word,mp3part3土也质学geology地质学家geologist地壳crust地幔mantle地核core大陆地壳continental crust海洋地壳oceanic crust复数地层layer stratum,strata板块plate断层fault断层面fault plane断层带fault zone断裂rift crack;split分解腐蚀disintegration decompositionerosion化石fossil火成岩igneous rock沉积岩变质岩sedimentary rockmetamorphic rock石英quartz石灰岩limestone大理石marble花岗岩granite岩成的lithogenous岩石圈lithosphere岩浆magma矿物mineral矿石ore矿床deposit白金，徒platinum I银silver黄铜copper铝aluminum锡tin铅lead锌zinc银nickel汞，水银mercury钠sodium宝石gem车占石diamond绿宝石emerald红宝石ruby冰川glacier冰川的glacial冰川期glacial epochage,period冰渍glacial drift冰山iceberg火山volcano活火山active volcano死火山extinct volcano休眠火山dormant volcano火山喷发eruption火山口crater火山岩浆lava火山的volcanic火山尘volcanic dust火山灰volcanic ash地震earthquakequake;tremor;seism地震的seismic地震学seismology震级magnitude地震波seismic wave灾变cataclysm分学科词汇（）・一一.考古，人word,mp3part4类人类学家anthropologist古人类学家paleoanthropologist生态人类学家ecological anthropologist心理人类学家psychological anthropologist来源origin来源于originate祖先ancestor人（科）hominid同一种族（种类）的homogeneous部落tribe氏族clan考古学家archeologist挖掘excavation（）挖掘excavate unearth遗迹，废墟ruins遗迹，遗骸remains手工艺品artifact遗物，文物relic古物，古董antique古代，古老antiquity石器时代Stone Age（青）铜器时代Bronze Age铁器时代Iron Age旧石器时代的Paleolithic中石器时代的Mesolithic新石器时代的Neolithic考古学archaeology人类学anthropology形态学morphology颅骨skull颅骨的cranial分学科词汇・・・・,生态类word,mp3part5生态学生态学家生态系统5ECOLOGY ecologistecosystem balance自然界生态平衡动物群植物群雨of naturefauna florarain forest林食物链酸雨food chainacid rain温室效应红外线辐射greenhouse effectinfrared radiationozone臭氧层紫外辐射layer ozonosphereultraviolet radiationpollution污染污染控制空气污染水pollution controlair pollutionwater pollution污染噪音污染土壤污染noise pollutionsoil pollutionpollution-free无污染污染物有毒的有毒废气pollutant noxioustoxic fumes废物固体垃圾污水waste solidwaste sewagewastewater sewage污水净化污水处理噪音分贝purification sewagedisposal decibel分学科词汇・■一气象类word,mp3part6气象气象气象学家Meteorology meteorologymeteorologist预报气候大气层forecast predictclimate atmosphere对流层气流蒸汽蒸发troposphere currentvapor evaporate潮湿的damp wet;moist;humid湿度humidity潮湿；水分moisture饱和saturate露dew霜frost雾fog mist烟雾smog小水珠droplet浓缩condense水晶体crystal大雨downpour torrentialrain暴风雨tempest storm细雨drizzle阵雨shower冰雹hail暴风雪雪崩blizzard snowstormavalanche snowslide雨、露、雪等降水微风大风旋precipitation breezegale whirlwind风台风typhoon飓风hurricane龙卷风tornado twister,cyclone漏斗，漏斗云funnel劫难破坏disaster calamity,catastrophe devastation沉没submerge旱灾drought分学科词汇・■一化学类word,mp3part7化学chemistry化学特性，化学性质chemical property化学成分chemical compositionmakeup化学试齐」chemical agent1化学反应chemical reaction化学变化chemical change化学键chemical bond化学器械chemical apparatus物质substance matter;material元素element周期表periodic table氢hydrogen氧oxygen氮nitrogen氢helium碳carbon钙calcium硅silicon硫sulfur碘iodine化合物compound碳氢化合物hydrocarbon衍生物derivative炼金术alchemy石油petroleum oil石油产品petroleum products原油crude oil提炼，精炼refine汽油gasoline甲烷methane溶液solution溶解dissolve溶齐solvent1J可溶性solubility聚合力cohesive粘合力adhesive原子atom原子核nucleus电子electron中子neutron质子proton分子molecule粒子particle离子ion粒子加速器particle accelerator复数催化作用catalysis catalyses催化剂catalyst人造的artificial合成的synthetic人造纤维synthetic fiber聚合物polymer聚合作用polymerization塑料plastic染料dye化妆品cosmetics。