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初中英语情态动词知识点及经典练习题情态动词知识点总结
（一）情态动词的定义情态动词表达说话人对动作的态度，例如需要，也许，意愿，猜测或者怀疑等等
（二）情态动词的特点1）有一定词义；2）不受主语人称和数的变化影响；3）与重要动词的原形（或称不带to的不定式）一起构成谓语（除ought to作固定词组看待）4）否认句中，在情态动词背面加not三情态动词有must,shall,should,had better词形无变化can could,may might,willneed既可以是情态动词，也可以是实义动词,具有双重性
（四）情态动词本使用方法
1.can（could）1）表达会做某事，有能力做某事意思=be able to其否认式can t表达不尤其能”在过去时中用could和couldn,t.may是生来具有的能力，此时即有种能力,和must均不可替代它）would词形有变化He canspeak English,but hecan tHe isspeak Japanese.able to speak English,but heI couldsmile isnt ableto speakJapanese,whenbut Icouldn,t speakI was2months old.I was abletosmile but I wanst ableto speakwhen Iwas2months old.区别
1、can只用于目前时和过去时（could）,be ableto可用于多种时态They willbe ableto tellyou thenews soon.
2、be ableto不与can连用，但可以和其他情态动词或助动词连用He may be abletospeakEnglish verywell someday in the future.
3、用在过去时中，could常常表达可以做某事，实际上不一定去做，而was/were ableto则表达“过去做成了某事”在否认句中两者可通用2）用于征求意见------Can/Could/May/Might I（we）do sth------Yes,you can/may./Of courseyou can.------No（Sorry）,you can t./mustn,t.注意:
①此处的could和might都不表达过去，只是语气上的委婉，不用作回答
②否认回答中，表达对他人导致一定伤害或影响，或表达违反了某种规定或法律时，用mustn t很好e.g.---------Could I take thebook outof thelibrary-----------------------------Sorry,youmustn t.------May Ismoke here-----------I mafraid you mustn t.
③表达过去能力时，could提问，只能用could回答e.g.---------Could youride abike whenyou were4years old----------------------------No,Icouldn t.3表提出意见或祈求Can/Could you please do sth二Would youplease do sth此句型中somelikes drivinghis car.A.must B.can C.need D.may
12.Peter comewith ustonight,but he isn，t verysure yet.A.must B.can C.may D.will
13.Michael be a policeman,for he，s muchtoo short.A.needn，t B.cant C.shouldn，t D.won，t
14.I thought you_—be hungry,so I have brought you somecakes.—A.may B.might C.can D.could
15.I wonderhow hethat tothe teacher.A.dare tosay B.dare sayingC.r lot dare sayD.dared say
16.C omeon!We hurrybecause there isnt muchtime left.A.may B.must C.can D.need
17.Amy didbest in the Englishtest.S；hard lastweek.lheA.must haveworking B.should haveworked C.should workD.mustwork
18.The firespread throughthe hotelvery quicklybut everyoneget out.A.had toB.would C.could D.was ableto
19.-----1stayed ata hotelwhile inNew York.-----Oh,did youYouwith Barbara.A.could havestayed B.could stayC.would stayD.must havestayed
20.Its nearlyseven o,clock.Jack be here atany moment.A.must B.need C.should D.can
1.A
2.B
3.D
4.D
5.B
6.C
7.B
8.C
9.BIO.Dll.D
12.C
13.B
14.B
15.D
16.B
17.A
18.D
19.A
20.C不变any）e.g.Could youplease giveme ahand Would youpleasepass mesome salt4）表达容许或承诺=maye.g.OK.You can/may comeand findme atany timetomorrow.5）表达有一定把握的推测，用于否认句和疑问句此时can，t译为“不也许”肯定句用must表达没有把握的推测，用may/mightoe.g.-------The windowis broken.Who didit------It may be Mary.------It can t beMary.The windowis inthe men,s toilet.------Can it be anyoneelse------Then,it must be Bob.I sawhim gointo thetoilet justnow.He can,t（couldn t）have enoughmoney for a newcar.他不也许有足够的钱买新车【例题1—I thinkMiss Gaomust be inthelibrary.She saidshe wou1d gothere.一No.She_be there,I havejust beenthere.A.can t B.mustn tC.needn,t D.wouldn,t【解析】根据下文“我刚去过那儿”可知，应为“不也许”，can，t表达推测［答案］A
2.may（might）may表达“可以，也许，否认形式may not,表达“不可以”1）表达没有把握的推测，“也许，也许可以指过去时间，也可以指目前时间，但语气愈加不愿定e.g.He mayhave alot ofwork to do.=Maybe hehas alot ofwork to do.You may be right.=Maybe youare right.2）表达祈求“我可以……吗？”表达祈求、许可，比can正式e.g.You may/can gonow.------May Iuse yourpen------Yes,you may./Yes,please./Go ahead.------No,you can t./mustn t.在回答以may引起的问句时，多防止用这个词，而用其他方式，如Yes,please./Certainly./Pleasedon t./You dbetter not./No,you mustn,t.等，以免显得太严峻或不客气3）、表达但愿、祈求、祝愿，常可译为“祝愿”一般是用may+主+V例如May youhave agoodtime.祝你过得快乐May yoube happy!祝你幸福！May yousucceed!祝你成功！
3.mustmust表达“必须，肯定，一定，否认形式mustn t=must not表达“严禁”1）表达必须，意思同have toe.g.Must I do it now-------Yes,you must.-------No,you don t have to./No,you needn,t.（注意否认回答不用mustn t）Children mustn,t playon theroad because it s too dangerous.（mustn,t只表“严禁”）He doesnt have to goaway fromhere.二He needn t leavehere.区别
①must体现主观意愿的“必须，have to体现客观上或按道理说“不得不”e.g.I muststudyhard.It stoo late.Ihave to gonow.
②must没有人称和时态的变化，而have to有e.g.He had to walkback homebecause helost allhis money.Mom willbe awayfor aweek,so wewill have to dothe cookingby ourselves.2）表达有把握的肯定句中的推测，“肯定，一定，只用于肯定句He must be ill.He lookssopale.他准是病了他的脸色苍白注意其反意问句的构成形式当must表达肯定的判断、推测时，其反意疑问句要用实际问句的助动词来构成如She musthave seen the film before,hasn tshe（注意反意疑问句的后半部分）You must have metuncleWang inthe shop yesterday,didn tyou（注意反意疑问句的后半部分）
4.needneed表达“需要”，否认形式needn t=need not不必、不需要”1）、作情态动词，仅用于否认句和疑问句e.g.He needn t go home early yesterday.=He didn t need/have to gohome earlyyesterday.Need Icall himright now--------------Yes,you must.（注意肯定回答不用need）------No,you needn t./No,you don t have to.2）、作实义动词，此时有人称、数和时态的变化，假如是人作主语后边多接动词不定式needsth./sb.need to dosth.否认形式don tneed to二dont haveto表达“不必”e.g.I needsomehelp.He neededto gohomeearlyyesterday.Do Ineed tocall himright now--------------Yes,you do./----------No,you dont.假如是物作主语，一般用need doing与need to be done这种状况下应注意两点
①,积极形式的动名词doing具有被动的含义；
②,该动名词可以改为其动词不定式的被动形式而句子的意义不变例如.The doorneeds painting.=The doorneeds to be painted.那扇门需要油漆一下Your carneeds mending.=Your carneeds tobe repaired.你的车需要维修了3）、need作名词be in（great）need ofsth=need sth（badly）“非常需要某物”meet theneed“满足需要（需求）”thereis/was noneed（for sb）to dosth“某人没必要做某事”
5.dare的使用方法dare意为“敢、勇于”，使用方法近似于need,有两种词性1dare作为情态动词，多用于否认句、疑问句或条件句中，无第三人称单数形式，只有一般目前时和一般过去时如Dare hetell themwhat heknows他敢告诉他们所懂得的状况吗？I daren,t askher-will you do itfor me我可不敢问她，你能帮我问问吗？2dare作为实义动词，此时有人称、数及时态的变化如He doesnt dare to breakhis promise.他不敢食言注意在口语中，dare的多种形式常与不带to的不定式连用如Do youdare tellher whatI said你敢告诉她我说的话吗？I didn,tdarelook athim.我不敢看他归纳need和dare的使用方法
1、need和dare既可用作情态动词，也可用作实义动词用作情态动词时，一般不用于肯定句而重要用于否认句和疑问句用作实义动词时，可用于多种句式
2、其他使用方法I daresay…为固定习语，不是“我敢说”而是“我想”I dareday he11come again.我想他会再来的Needn t have done:表达本没必要做而做了
6.shall的使用方法1表征询意见，用于第
一、第三人称疑问句Shall Iget sometea我给你点茶好吗？Shall theboy wait outside让那男孩在外面等吗？2表说话人的意愿，有“命令、允诺、警告、决心”等意思，用于第
二、第三人称陈说句You shalldo asI say.按我说的做命令有一天他会懊悔的，我告诉你You shallhave myanswer tomorrow.你明天可以得到我的答复允诺He shallbe sorryfor it one day,I tellyou.Nothing shallstop usfrom carryingout theplan.什么也不能制止我们执行这项计划决心归纳在英语中，我们可以用其他多种方式提出我们的提议或征求对方意见
2.用Lets do...来提出提议如Lets go for awalk aftersupper.
3.用“What/How about...”来提出提议；about后接名词或动词ing形式如What about/Howabout adrink What about/How abouttaking Tomwith us⑶,用“Why not...来提出提议，表达何不……not面后接动词原形“Why not...”实际上是“Why don，tyou/we...”的简略形式如Why not meet atthe schoolgate ateight Whydontwe stayhere anotherday
1、will在there be句型中的形式及其句式变换由于“一般未来时”的构造可以用“wiH+动词原形”来表达，因此there be句型的一般未来时的形式就是there willbe（一定不能说there willhave）例如There aremany students in ourschool,fThere willbe manystudentsinour school.There willbeasports meetingnext week.-^定不能说There willhave asports meetingnext week.
2、will与be going to do something区另U
①.be going to表达近期、眼下就要发生的事情，will表达的未来时间则较远某些，如He isgoingto write a lettertonight.He willwriteabook oneday.
②.be goingto表达根据主观判断未来肯定发生的事情，will表达客观上未来势必发生的事‘情He isseriously ill.He isgoingtodie.He willbe twentyyears old.
③.be goingto具有“计划，准备”的意思，而will则没有这个意思，如She isgoingtolendus herbook.He willbeherein halfan hour.
④.在有条件从句的主句中，一般不用be goingto,而多用will,如If anybeasts comesat you,V11stay withyou andhelp you.
7.should的使用方法1）、表义务意为“应当”（某件事宜于做），用于多种人称否认形式should!t=should not表达“不应当”You should be politeto your teachers.你对老师应当有礼貌2）、表推测，意为“想必一定、照说应当、估计”等The filmshouldbevery goodas itisstarring first-class actors.这部新电影是一流演员主演的，估计拍得很好They shouldbe homebynow.照说他们目前应当已经到家了
8.would的使用方法1）表意愿IsaidI woulddo anythingfor you.我说过我乐意为你做任何事求、提议或2）表委婉地提出祈见解常见句型
①表祈求Would youplease do---------------OK…./Sorry,….
②Would youlike sth-----------Yes,please./No,thanks.Would youliketodosth------------Id love to.------1dloveto,but-**.
9.ought to（注意以上句型中，some不变any）1）表义务，意为“应当”（因责任、义务等该做），口气比should稍重You oughtn,t to smoke somuch.你不应当抽这样多烟2表推测，暗含很大的也许，语气较弱Theres a fine sunset;it oughttobeafineday tomorrow.今天有晚霞，明天应当是个好天
10、used to表达过去的习惯动作或状态，目前不复发生或存在疑问式和否认式有两种I usednt didn,t use tosmoke.我过去不抽烟Used youDid youusetogo toschool onfoot你过去常步行去学校吗？
一、不一样情态动词的否认意义也不一样L
1.can t可译为“不会，如I can t playbasketball.我不会打篮球2当句子表推测时，用can t体现不也许，如He can t beill.He isplaying chesswithTom.他不也许病了，他正和Tom下棋呢3can t还可用来回答“May I•••”这样的问句如May Icome in我可以进来吗？No,you mustn,t./can t.不，你不能4can,t还可用于固定习语中can,t helpdoing禁不住，情不自禁can twait todosomething迫不及待地要做…如She cant helpcrying,她不禁大哭起来The childrencantwait toopen thebox.孩子们迫不及待地想打开盒子
2.may的否认式为may not,译成“也许不，如He maynot beat home•他也许不在家
3.1mustn,t表达不许，不可如He mustn,t leavehis room,他不许离开他的房间You mustn,t talkin class.你们不可以在课上说话2mustn,t也可用于以may表达规定期的否认回答中如一May Istand here我可以站在这里吗？一No,you mustn t cant.不，不行
4.1needn，t意为不必如You needn,tmeethim unlessyoudliketo.你不需要见他，除非你乐意2neednt+have+动词的过去分词，表没必要做而做了的动作，暗含时间或精力上的挥霍如You neednt havebought it.你没必要买它但你却买了
5.shouldn,t表达不应当如You shouldn,t feelso unhappyover suchlittle things.对于这种小事，你不应当感到这样不快乐
二、具有情态动词的疑问句的回答
1.对may引出的问句，可以有下列回答方式Yes,you may.Yes,of course.Yes,certainly.Sure.No,you mustnt.No,you cant.
2.对must引出的疑问句,回答方式为Yes,•••must.No,neednt/donthaveto.
3.could在疑问句中，表达委婉的语气，此时could没有过去式的意思如Could youdo mea favour你能帮我个忙吗？一Could Iuse yourpen我能用一下你的钢笔吗一Yes,you can.可以注意回答
4.shall引出的疑问句用于第一人称，表达征求对方意见或客气的祈求其回答方式有如下几种Yes,please.All right.No,thank you.
5.would you…的回答方式有如下几种Yes,I will.（No,I wont.）Sure.（I msorry,I cant.）All right/OK/With pleasure.Certainly.（No,thank you.）Yes,please.【彳列题】——Wouldyoudo mea favourand passon mythanks toLily——.A.That sright B.With pleasureC.It doesnt matterD.No trouble【解析】A.意为“对了，B.意为“乐意效劳”，C.意为“没关系”D.意为“不费事”答案B
三、情态动词表达推测的使用方法
1、“情态动词+动词原形”表达对目前的推测1）、can表达推测时一般用于否认句或疑问句如That mancan ftbeher husbandsheis stillsingle.Who isknocking atthe doorCan itbe thepostman2）、must表达肯定的推测，一般用于肯定句中如He must be in his officenow.Mr Limustbe workingnow,for thelights inhis officeare stillon.3）、might表达推测时不一定是may的过去时，只是表达其也许性较小如The manmay betheheadmaster.一Where isMr Li—He mightbe workinginhisoffice.—May MrLi come—He might not comehere.4）、Could表达推测时，语气can比要弱，说话者留有余地如一Could itbe ananimal一It couldnot be,because itis notmoving.5）、Should表达推测的也许性比较大，仅比must的也许性小一点如It isalready10o clocknowthey shouldbe there.
2、情态动词表达对过去也许发生的动作或存在过的动作的推测性使用方法1）、“must+have done/been----------------”表达“过去一定发生过某事或存在过某种状态”，不用于“musn t+have------------”形式如She must haveseenthefilmbefore,hasn tshe（注意反意疑问句的后半部分）You musthave metuncle Wangintheshopyesterday,didntyou（注意反意疑问句的后半部分）2）、should+have done/been--------------------”表达“本应当做某事，而实际上并没有做”；“shouldd t+完毕式”表达“本来不应当做，而实际上却做了”以上构造常带有说话者的责怪的感情色彩如You should have finishedyour homeworkearlier（but infact you didnot finish itontime）.You shouldnthavegone tobed whenyou wokeup atfive（but infact youwent tobed againthen）.3）、“neednt+完毕式”表达“本来没有必要做某事，而实际上却做了如There wasplentyof time.She needn7thavehurried.4）、cant/couldn t+have done/been----------------------”表达“过去不也许发生了某事或存在过某种状态”如I sawhim justnow.He canthavegone toJapan.She saidthe mancouldn thave stolenher car.5）、could+have done/been-------------------”表达“过去本来可以，可以做某事或成为某种状态，而实际上没有”，说话者有些遗憾ucould sb.have done/been--------------------”是它的问句形式如You couldhavestayed withthe Smithswhile youwere inNew Yorkbut infactyoustayed ina nearbyhotel.Could MrLi havehelped thisgirl student
6、“may/might+完毕式”表达“过去也许，本来可以于某事而实际上没有干”，might的也许性较小，语气较弱如He mayhave finishedreading thebook.She mighthave givenyou somehelp,however busshe was.拓展情态动词后跟进行式，表达“想必正在……”，”也许正在……”，“应当正在”等意It stwelve oclock.They musthaving lunch.目前是十二点他们一定正在吃饭They maybe discussingproblem.他们也许正在论讨这个问题He cantbetelling thetruth.他说的不也许是真话She shouldntbeworking likethat.She，s stillso weak.她不应当那样干，她身体仍那么虚情态动词易混点归纳易混点一can和be ableto:两者表达能力时使用方法相似，但can只有原形“can”和过去式“could”两种形式，在其他时态中要用be ableto来表达此外be ableto常常指通过努力，花费了时间和劳力之后才能做到某事易混点二:can和may
1.can和may均可用来征求意见或许可，意为“可以”，一般可互换使用如Can/May Ihelp you我能协助你吗
2.can和may表达也许性时的区别1在肯定句中用might,may,must,不用can2在疑问句中表达推测用can,不用might,may,must3在否认句中用cant不也许，不用may,must o如She maybeintheclassroom.她也许在教室里Where canthey betrue.那now他们目前也许在哪儿？Thatcan tbe易混点三maybe和maybe使用方法区别常用位置maybemay为情态动词，be为动词原形副词，句中，作谓语句maybe例如He大概、也许，相称于perhaps首，作状语maybe wrong,butIm notsure.也许他错了，但我也不确定不也许是真的易混点四cant和mustnt
1.can，t根据其基本使用方法可译为1不会如I cant speakEnglish.我不会说英语2不能如We cantdoitnowbecauseitstoodark.天太黑了，我们目前干不了3否认句中表达推测“不也许，如The mancantbe ourteacher becauseheismuch youngerthanourteacher..那个人不也许是咱们老师，他年轻得多
2.mustn,t意为严禁、不许”，用来体现命令，表达强烈的语气如You mustnt playfootballin thestreet.Itstoo dangerous.你不可以在街上踢足球，太危险To易混点五must和haveto
1.must侧重于个人意志和主观上的必要haveto侧重于客观上的必要，可用于目前时、过去时和未来时
1.I you,because II mustbewrong.A.dare not ask B.dare notC.dare notasking D.daretonotask
2.There someflowers inthe garden.A.were usedtobeB.usedtobe C.uses tobe D.usedtobe having
3.〃Itakeitout〃Im sorry,youA.Could...couldn，tB.Might...mightnotC.Could...can D.May...can，t
4.You werestupid toclimb tree.You___________hurt yourself.A.may didn，tyou9•A.should postB.shouldhaveposted C.musthavepostedD.ought post.to
6.All thelights areon,miths___up.A.must getB.is gettingC.mustbegetting D.would getit
7.He leada but he notmakedrink.A.will...can B.may...can C.may...dares D.dare...can“Need wedo thisjob〃
8.Yes,_•now”A.you needB.you shouldC.youmustD.
9.___________tohavelunch withus youcan todayA.Do youlikes B.Wouldyoulike C.Will youliked D.Have youliked
10.He saidthat youwatch TVall theevening ifyou wished.A.may B.must C.can D.might
11.-Is Johncoming bytrain——H should,buthenot.Hee。
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