2025届河南省开封市顺河回族区高三上学期一模英语试题

届河南省开封市顺河回族区高三上学期一模英语试题2025学校:姓名班级考号

一、阅读理解Fungi CanHelp ConcreteHeal ItsOwn CracksCracksare verycommon in concrete structuresdue tovarious chemicaland physicalphenomenathat occurduring everydayuse.And tiny cracks can be quiteharmful becausethey providean easyroute inforliquids andgasses-and theharmful substancesthey mightcontain.For instance,micro-cracks canallowwater andoxygen toinfiltrate and then corrodethe steel,leading tostructural failure.But continuousmaintenance andrepair workis difficultbecause itusually requiresan enormousamount of laborand investment.Scientists havebeen tryingto figureout howthese harmfulcracks couldheal themselveswithouthuman intervention.The ideawas originallyinspired by the amazingability of the humanbody to healitself ofcuts,bruises andbroken bones.A persontakes innutrients whichthe bodyuses toproduce newsubstitutestohealdamaged tissues.In the same way,can weprovide necessaryproducts toconcrete tofillin crackswhen damagehappensThrough longtime research,scientists havefound anunusual candidate to help concrete heal itself:a funguscalled T.reesei.It isfound thatas calciumhydroxide fromconcrete dissolvedin water,the pHofthe fungalgrowth mediumincreased froma close-to-neutral originalvalue of

6.5all theway toa veryalkaline

13.

0.Of allthe fungitested,only T.reesei couldsurvive thisenvironment.Despite thedrastic pHincrease,its sporesgerminated intothreadlike hyphalmycelium andgrew equallywell withor withoutconcrete.Scientists proposeincluding fungal spores,together withnutrients,during theinitial mixingprocesswhen buildinga newconcrete structure.When theinevitable crackingoccurs andwater findsits wayin,the dormantfungalsporeswill germinate.As theygrow,theyll workas acatalyst within the calcium-richconditions of the concreteto promoteprecipitation ofcalcium carbonatecrystals.These mineraldepositscan fillin thecracks.When thecracks arecompletely caulkedand nomore watercan enter,the fungiwillagain formspores.If cracksform again and environmentalconditions becomefavorable,the sporescouldwake upand repeatthe process.Volunteer tripshave becomeincreasingly popularamong youngpeople seekingmeaningfulexperiences.They gain access toa widerange ofvolunteer projectsconcerning variousfields such aseducation,environmental conservation,community development,and more.When wearrived inGary,I noticedhow differentthe townwas fromwhere Ilived.Houses werebuilton littlehills.There werefew storesor restaurantsin town;most hadclosed.You werelucky to find agasstation orgrocery store.My jobwas tohelp builda newschool.The workdays werelong andhot.We awokeat6a.m.andworked throughthe dayin90degree heat.There werealways encouragingpeople bymy sidewho helpedkeepme going.Anyway,it was an unforgettableexperience.Then lastsummer,I decidedto challengemyself bytaking a volunteer tripabroad withsome othervolunteersand takingup meaningfulvolunteer workin aforeign community.My destinationwas aremote注village inHonduras,a countryin CentralAmerica.I wantedto teachscience tothe poorchildren there.意续写词数应为左右；L

150.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答2Eager toparticipate,I talkedto myparents,but theydidnt sayyes atfirst.Then wewasted notime ingetting readyfor ourscience teaching.参考答案:题号12356789104答案A C B A C DA DA A题号11121314151617181920答案C BC C D FB EA D题号21222324252627282930答案CBA DCDB DA B题号3132333435C CA BD答案L A

2.C3,B【导语】本文为一篇说明文文章主要讲述基础设施的老硬化，混凝土出现裂缝，科学家们通过测试发现了一种叫做的真菌，能使裂缝自己愈合T.reesei细节理解题根据文章第一段

1.“And tinycracks can be quiteharmful becausethey providean easyroutein forliquids andgasses-and theharmful substancesthey mightcontain.For instance,micro-cracks微小的can allowwater andoxygen toinfiltrate and then corrodethe steel,leading tostructural failure4裂缝可能非常有害，因为它们为液体、气体及可能含有的有害物质提供了一条容易进去的途径例如，微裂纹会使水和氧气渗入，然后腐蚀钢材，导致结构失效）”可知，微小的裂缝会导致结构失效，甚至是结构的崩塌故选A细节理解题根据文章第四段

2.Through longtime research,scientists havefound anunusual（通过长期的研究，科学家们发现了candidatetohelpconcretehealitself:a funguscalled T.%esez=一种不寻常的候选者来帮助混凝土愈合一种叫做的真菌户可知，真菌能帮助T.reesei T.reesei混凝土愈合裂缝故选C推理判断题根据文章最后一段

3.“Of course,researchers willneed toconduct athorough assessmentto investigate anypossible immediateand long-term effectson theenvironment andhuman health prior to.（当然，在》等它作为¥昆版走土基础设施中的its use as a healing agent in concrete infrastructure治疗剂之前，研究者需要进行一个彻底的评估，己调查对环境和人类健康的任何可能的直接的和长期的影响）”可推知，研究还需要进行彻底的评估，因此此研究还处于其最初阶段故选B

4.A5,C

6.D

7.A【导语】本文是记叙文文章讲述兽医威廉・法伯（WilliamFarber）博士在从针灸中受益后，将综合医疗应用于动物，并取得了初步成效细节理解题根据第一段的

4.If heseems alittle defensive,it mightbe becauseeven some of his（如果他看起来有点戒备的姿态，那可能是因coworkers occasionallylaugh at his unusual methods.为他的一些同事偶尔会嘲笑他不寻常的方法）”可知，的同事们有时会嘲笑他不寻常的Farber方法，他们认为他很奇怪故选A细节理解题根据第二段的

5.“Then hetried acupuncture,an ancientChinese practice,and was amazedthat he improved after two or three treatments.What workedon a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his（然后，patients.So,after studyingthe techniquesfor acouple ofyears,he beganoffering them to pets.他尝试了针灸，这是一种古老的中国疗法，并惊讶地发现，经过两三次治疗，他的病情有所好转对兽医有效的方法似乎对他的病人也有效因此，在研究了这些技术几年后，他开始把它们提供给宠物）“可知，作为患者从针灸中受益，这促使他决定尝试在宠物上使用针灸故选FarberC主旨大意题根据第三段内容

6.“Leigh Tindalesdog Charliehad aserious heartcondition.After Charliehad a heart attack,Tindale says,she wasprepared toput himto sleep,but Farberstreatments easedherdogs suffering so muchthat she was able to keephim alivefor anadditional fivemonths.And PriscillaDewing reports that her horse,Nappy,“moves moreeasily andrides morecomfortably,,after achiropracticadjustment.（利・廷代尔的狗查理患有严重的心脏病廷代尔说，查理心脏病发作后，她准备让他进入睡眠状态，但法伯的治疗大大减轻了她的狗的痛苦，她能够让它多活五个月普里西拉・杜因（PriscillaDewing）报告说，她的马纳皮（Nappy）经过脊椎按摩调整后，“行动更容易，乘车更舒服:厂可知，本段主要讲述了两个例子，一个是通过整体医学方法帮助了Farber患有严重心脏病的狗另一个是马在接受脊椎按摩治疗后移动和骑行更为舒适这Charlie,Nappy些例子都是为了说明整体医学的有效性故选D.推理判断题根据最后一段的内容川7“Farber is certain that the holisticapproach wgrow morepopular with time,and ifthe pastis anyindication,he maybe right:Since1982,membership in the（法伯确信，随着American Holistic Veterinary MedicalAssociation hasgrown from30to over

700.时间的推移，综合疗法会越来越受欢迎，如果过去有任何迹象的话，他可能是对的:自年以1982来,美国综合兽医协会的会员已经从个增加到多个户可知,法伯认为综合疗法会越来越30700受欢迎,随后作者列举了美国综合兽医协会的会员已经从个增加到多个的例子，因此推断30700美国整体兽医协会是为证明法伯的观点故选A

8.D

9.A

10.A

11.C【导语】本文是议论文主要讨论了纸质阅读与数字阅读、音频和视频学习方式的差异和效果词句猜测题根据前文

8.“When readingtexts ofseveral hundredwords ormore,learning isgenerally（当more successfulwhen itson paperthan onscreen.A largeamount ofresearch confirmsthis finding.阅读几百字或更多的文本时，在纸上学习通常比在屏幕上学习更成功大量的研究证实了这一发现）“可知，在纸上学习更有成效，以及后文“when experimentersmove fromposing simpletasks-likeidentifying the main ideain areading passage-to onesthat requiremental abstraction-such asdrawing（当实验人员从提出简单的任务（如识别阅读文章的主旨）转移到需要思维inferences froma text.抽象的任务（如从文本中推断）时）”推知，此处应是表达“当实验者从简单的任务转向需要精神抽象的任务时，纸质阅读的益处就变得显而易见”之意，所以应是“显而易见”shine through之意，和项意思相近故选项D D推理判断题根据第四段

9.“But equallyimportant is the mentalaspect.Reading researchershave（假说）”.proposed a theory calledshallowing hypothesisAccording tothis theory,people approachdigital texts with a mindsetsuited tosocial media,which are often notso serious,and devoteless mental（但同样重要的是精神层面阅读研究人员提出了一个名为effort thanwhen theyare readingprint.的理论根据这一理论，人们以适合社交媒体的心态接触数字文本，这些“shallowing hypothesis”文本通常不那么严肃，与阅读印刷品时相比，投入的精神努力也更少）”可知，shallowing hypothesis假设读者在阅读数字文本时会持有一种轻松的心态，不会像阅读纸质书籍那样投入太多的心理努力故选项A细节理解题根据第五段（音频）

10.“Audio andvideo canfeel moreengaging than text,and so一university teachersincreasingly turn to these technologies say,assigning anonline talkinstead of an.（音频和视频可能比文本更具吸引力，因此大学教师越来越多地转向这article bythe same person些技术，例如分配在线讲座而不是同一作者的文章广可知，音频和视频比文本更能吸引学生的注意力，所以大学教师越来越多地使用这些技术故选项A推理判断题根据最后一段

11.“Digital texts,audio andvideo allhave educationalroles,especially whenproviding resources notavailable inprint.However,for maximizinglearning wheremental focusandreflection are called for,educators shouldntassume allmedia arethe same,even when they contain（数字文本、音频和视频都具有教育作用，尤其是在提供印刷品中无法获得的资identical words.源时然而，为了在需要精神集中和反思的情况下最大限度地学习，教育工作者不应假定所有媒体都是相同的，即使它们包含相同的单词）“可知，尽管数字文本、音频和视频在教育中有一定作用，但当需要精神集中和反思以最大化学习时，教育者不应假定所有媒体都是相同的，即使它们包含相同的单词这表明作者认为纸质文本在教育中的作用仍然不可替代，因此暗示纸质文本在教育中的重要性故选项c【点睛】

12.B

13.C

14.C

15.D【导语】本文是一篇说明文文章主要介绍了斯坦福大学的一项研究发现，数字生物多样性记录存在偏见，建议应用程序引导公民科学家获取更好的数据细节理解题根据第一段

12.Today,most records of biodiversityare oftenin theform ofphotos,videos,（今天，大多数生物多样性的记录通常以照片、视频和其他数字记录的形and otherdigital records.式出现户可知，现在收集的物种记录大多是以电子形式存在的故选B细节理解题根据第二段

13.“These observationsnow outnumber the primary data that comes from（标本），physical specimens and since we areincreasingly usingobservational datato investigatehow（这些观察结果现在超过species are responding to global change,I wantedto know:Are theyusable了来自物理标本的原始数据，而且由于我们越来越多地使用观察数据来研究物种如何应对全球变化，我想知道它们有用吗户和第四段“We wereparticularly interestedin exploringthe aspectsof（使有偏差）sampling that tend to bias data,like thegreater likelihoodof acitizen scientistto take a picture（说“我们特别感兴趣的是探of aflowering plant instead of the grass right next to it-said Daru.Daru索取样容易产生数据偏差的方面，比如公民科学家更有可能拍摄开花植物的照片，而不是它旁边的草可知，的研究聚焦于观察数据，即人们通过移动应用记录的物种观察数据故选Daru C细节理解题根据第四段

14.“We wereparticularly interestedin exploringthe aspectsof samplingthat（使有偏差）tend tobias data,like thegreater likelihoodof acitizen scientistto takea pictureof aflowering（说“我们特另感兴趣的是探索取样容易plantinstead of thegrass rightnext toit Jsaid Daru.Daru ll产生数据偏差的方面，比如公民科学家更有可能拍摄开花植物的照片，而不是它旁边的草以及第五段“This makessense becausethe peoplewho getobservational biodiversitydata onmobile devices（这是有道理的，因are oftencitizen scientists recording their encounters with species in areas nearby.为在移动设备上获得观察生物多样性数据的人通常是公民科学家，他们记录了他们在附近地区与物种的接触户可知，导致数据偏差的原因是采样方式的不当故选C推理判断题根据最后一段

15.“Biodiversity appscan useour studyresults toinform usersofoversampled areasand leadthem toplaces-and evenspecies-that arenot well-sampled.To improvethequality ofobservational data,biodiversity appscan alsoencourage usersto havean expertconfirm the（生物多样性应用程序可以使用我们的研究结果来告知用户identification of their uploaded image.样本过多的地区，并将他们引导到样本不足的地方，甚至是物种为了提高观测数据的质量，生物多样性应用程序还可以鼓励用户让专家确认他们上传的图像的身份广可知，建议生物多Daru样性应用应该给公民科学家提供指导故选D【点睛】

16.F

17.B

18.E

19.A

20.D【导语】这是一篇说明文文章主要介绍了作者使用英语词典的经验和心得以及从中获得的乐趣上文

16.“If youwant tobe published,its vitalto submita perfect,professionally presentedmanuscript（如果你想发表，提交一份完美的、专业的手稿是至关重要的厂提到了完美的、专业的手稿的重要性，手稿中不能有语法和拼写错误是专业的手稿的要求之一选项F“That meansgood grammarand no spellingmistakes.（这意味着语法正确，没有拼写错误）”是对手稿要求的进一步解释说明，符合题意故选项F上文（我不相信我笔记本电脑的拼写检查器厂提到了

17.“I donttrust mylaptop^spellchecker.作者不相信电脑的拼写检查器;下文“Of course,these daysthere areplenty ofonline dictionariesandthesauruses,but Imold-fashioned enoughto prefera hardcover andpages I can leafthrough withmy』当然，现在有很多在线词典和同义词库，但我是一个守旧的人，更喜欢精装的书和能用fingers手指翻阅的书页广提到了作者更喜欢实体书和能用手指翻阅的书页,说明电子设备可能不会考虑上下文，所以选项（它不考虑上下文厂解释了上文的原因，B“It takesno accountof thecontext.具有承上启下的作用故选项B下文

18.“It shouldgive youa precisedefinition ofeach word,thus differentiatingit fromother words它whose meanings are similar,but notidentical.It willalso usuallyshow howthe word is pronounced4应该给出每个单词的精确定义，从而将其与其他含义相似但不相同的单词区分开来它通常还会显示单词的发音户提至了字典的功能，选项U E“Of course,a dictionaryis notonly forspelling4当然，字典不仅仅是用来拼写的）“提到了字典的部分功能，能引起下文内容故选E项下文

19.“However,if Ineed to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage,theres（然而，如果我需要检查一个单词的来源或查找其用法的例子，没有什么比这更好nothing better.的了）“提到了字典的使用情况，A选项“I dontoften usethisdictionary.（我不经常用这本字典广是对字典使用频率的说明，与下文构成转折关系故选项A上文“（乏味）

20.To makedictionaries isdull work,“wrote Johnson,illustrating onedefinition of（约翰逊在解释的一个定义时写道”编字典是件无聊的工作（乏味））提到了编写“dull”字典是件乏味的工作，下文“A fewminutes spentcasting youreye over a pageor two canbe a rewarding.（花几分钟的时间浏览一两页是一种有益的体验）”提到浏览字典也是一种阅读的experience乐趣，选项（但是一本字典读起来是一种乐趣广是作D“But a dictionary canbe apleasure toread.者对字典的评价，与上文的“乏味”形成对比，与上文构成转折关系故选项D【点睛】

21.C

22.B

23.A

24.D

25.C

26.D

27.B

28.D

29.A

30.B

31.C

32.C

33.A

34.B

35.D【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文作者讲述了自己的教书事业并为之感到自豪考查名词词义辨析句意我很幸运能在最伟大的职业中工作年商业；

21.20A.business B.公司；职业；项目根据（我是一名company C.profession D.project Tma47-year-old teacher.47岁的教师户可知，作者做教师工作有年了故选20C考查形容词词义辨析句意尽管日程安排很紧，工作也很辛苦，但每天结束时我都觉得自

22.己有所作为亮的；紧身的，紧贴的；灵活的;随意的根据A.light B.tight C.flexible D.casual“hard（工作也很辛苦广可知作者的日程安排很紧故选work I,B考查名词词义辨析句意见上题解析不同；幸运；名字；

23.A.difference B.fortune C.name D.承诺根据（正如，promise As ChristaMcAuliffe said,“I touch the future,I teach.Christa McAuliffe所说，“我触及未来，我教书可知，作者认为自己的教书工作，触及未来，所以教书每天结束时都觉得自己有所作为有意义，有所作为故选make adifference A考查形容词词义辨析句意他是激励我的动力，让我充满激情慷慨的；

24.A.generous B.ind叩endent独立的；C.curious好奇的；D.inspired激励人的根据“As Christa，McAuliffe said,“I touch（正如所说，我触及未来,我教书）”以及the future,I teach.ChristaMcAuliffe“passionate（热情的）”可知，作者认为自己的教书工作，触及未来，作者充满激情，备受激励故选D考查动词词义辨析句意当我被评为马里兰州年度最佳教师时，我收到了一封来自一位学

25.生的祝贺邮件，她现在就读于乔治城大学，是学生组织的“女性参政”小组的负责人离开；连接，接合;参加，上;拜访根据A.leaving B.joining C.attending D.visiting Georgetown（乔治城大学广可知，作者的学生现在就读于乔治城大学故选University C考查动词词义辨析句意最近，我看了一场大学篮球赛，发现另一位乔治城大学的以前自

26.己的学生在球场上跑来跑去喝彩;踱步;判断;跑步根A.cheering B.pacing C.judging D.running据（我看了一场大学篮球赛）”可知，作者看了一场大学篮球“I watcheda collegebasketball game赛，发现自己的学生在球场上跑来跑去故选D考查副词词义辨析句意昨天在逛超市的时候，我意外地遇到了一个以前的学生，他递给

27.我一张他岁时创办的公司的名片不可避免地；出乎意料地,22A.unavoidably B.unexpectedly意外地;无条件地；不犹豫地，绝对地根据C.unconditionally D.unquestioningly“Walking through（昨天在逛超市的时候）”可知，作者在逛超市的时候，意外地遇到了一a supermarket yesterday个以前的学生故选B考查名词词义辨析句意另一名学生说他正在申请霍华德大学的法学院习惯；

28.A.habit B.形成；希望；过程根据（申请form Chope D.process“applying forlawschool atHoward University霍华德大学的法学院户可知，另一名学生说他正在申请霍华德大学的法学院故选Do考查动词短语词义辨析句意信不信由你，我几乎每周都能遇到有类似成功故事的以前的

29.学生碰见；捡起；平静；转向根据A.came acrossB.picked upC.calmed downD.turned toWalkingthrough a supermarketyesterday,I7encountered aformer student,who（昨天在逛超市的时候,我意handed me a business card for the company he started,at agetwenty-two.外地遇到了一个以前的学生，他递给我一张他岁时创办的公司的名片厂可知，作者在讲述自22己碰到学生的经历故选A考查名词词义辨析句意看到他们的成功，知道自己能为他们的成功做出一点小小的贡献，

30.这是最大的回报改变；贡献;提议，建议；机会A.change B.contribution C.proposal D.chance根据（为他们的成功）”可知，作者教书，为他们的成功做出了一份贡献故选to theirsuccessBo考查名词词义辨析句意见上题解析帮助；赞扬；报酬；

31.A.help B.praise C.reward D.response回应本艮据（看“Seeing theirsuccess andknowing thatI was able to make asmall10to theirsuccess到他们的成功，知道自己能为他们的成功做出一点小小的贡献）”可知，作者为他们的成功做出一点小小的贡献，看到他们的成功作者认为是最大的回报故选C考查动词词义辨析句意那些光荣的时刻激励着我继续希望在每个孩子的生命中发挥作用

32.压力;阻碍；刺激,加剧；角落根据A.pressure B.block C.fuel D.corner tocontinue hopingto play（我继续希望在每个孩子的生命中发挥作用）”可知,光荣的时刻激a role in the life of every child励着作者继续在每个孩子的生命中发挥作用故选Co考查形容词词义辨析句意有时，当我看着我现在的学生在课堂上学习时，我试着想象他

33.们十年后会做什么现行的，当前的；定期的；顶端的，顶部的；A.current B.regular C.top D.average平均的根据（在课堂上学习）”可知，作者指的是现在的学生故选“working inclass A考查动词词义辨析句意见上题解析意识到；想象；绘画，拍摄；

34.A.realize B.picture C.confirm证实；怀疑根据（十年后他们会做什么）”D.doubt what they will be doing ten years from now.可知，作者想象学生十年后会做什么故选B考查动词词义辨析句意:我不会拿我的事业去换别的我每天都在触摸未来充电;

35.A.charge B.准备；提供；贸易,交换根据（我每prepare C.provide D.trade I literally touchthe future every day天都在触摸未来厂可知，作者不会拿自己的事业去换别的故选D

36.Made

37.to celebrate

38.is believed

39.varieties

40.its

41.where

42.went

43.directly

44.the

45.as【导语】本文是一篇说明文文章介绍了西瓜的发源与其价值考查非谓语动词句意这种水果几乎的成分是水，富含维生素、维生素和抗氧化

36.92%AC剂为固定短语，意为“由组成”；分析句子可知，句中是非谓语动词，与be madeof…make其逻辑主语间为被动关系，表示“这种水果是几乎由的水组成”，应用过去分词表the fruit92%被动；句首单词首字母大写故填Made考查非谓语动词句意吃几片西瓜来庆祝这个美味的节日吧分析句子，是非谓

37.celebrate语动词，（）是的目的,应celebrate thisdelicious holiday“Get yourselfa fewslices ofwatermelon”用不定式作目的状语故填to celebrateto celebrateo考查动词时态语态句意西瓜是一种古老的食物，被认为起源于非洲分析句子可知，

38.I believe（认为）是定语从句中谓语动词，与主语（即先行词）之间是被动关系，陈述that an ancient food客观事实，应使用一般现在时态，又因主语是单数名词，所以谓语动词也应使用单数形式综上，谓语应用一般现在时的被动语态，单数形式故填is believed考查名词句意今天，各种各样的水果生长在世界上温暖的地方…是固定短语，

39.varieties of意为“各种各样的“故填varieties考查代词句意由于西瓜含水量高，是一种解渴的水果根据句意，提示词作定语修饰名

40.词词组应用形容性物主代词故填high water content,its its

41.考查定语从句句意:实上，在喀拉哈里沙漠，西瓜被称为“tsamma”，它是干旱炎热季节的主要水源之一分析句子可知，空格处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词关系词the Kalahari Desert,代替先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，表示“在喀拉哈里沙漠“，应使用关系副词引导该where从句故填whereo考查动词时态句意在过去，人们只在风沙季节穿越沙漠分析句子可知，是句中谓语

42.g动词，与主语之间是主动关系，句中有时间状语应使用一般过去时态故填people In the past,went考查副词句意它的果肉可以直接食用或榨汁食用提示词修饰动词应用副词

43.be eaten,意为“直接地”故填directly,directly考查冠词句意在世界上的许多地方，这厚厚的绿色瓜皮被作为一道菜，它的种子被晒干，

44.烘烤，像坚果一样享用根据上文可知，句中指西瓜厚厚的绿色瓜皮，特指，用thick greenouter定冠词修饰故填the the考查介词句意在世界上的许多地方，这厚厚的绿色瓜皮被作为一道菜，它的种子被晒干，

45.烘烤，像坚果一样享用是固定搭配，意为“担任；充当”，介词表示“作为,当serve as…as故填as

46.Dear Sir/Madam,My nameis Li Hua,a studentfrom HongxingMiddle School.I amwriting tovolunteer for2022Beijing WinterOlympic Games.Here arewhat mystrengths liein.First andforemost,I havea goodcommand ofEnglish,which makesit easyfor me to communicatewithforeigners fluently.Additionally,outgoing andopen-minded,Icanget alongwell withpeople athomeand abroad.Whats more,I oftenact asa volunteertour guideto showforeign touristsaround,fromwhich Ivegained richexperience.In a word,I firmlybelieve thatI amthe veryperson yourelooking for.Looking forwardto yourreplyat yourearliest convenience.Yours sincerely,Li Hua【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文文章要求考生用英文写一封申请信，希望能够成为冬奥会的志愿者【详解】.词汇积累1T.reesei iseco-friendly,posing noknown riskto humanhealth.In fact,T.reesei hasa longhistoryof safeuse inindustrial-scale productionof carbohydraseenzymes,suchascellulase,which playsanimportant rolein fermentationprocesses duringwinemaking.Of course,researchers willneed toconduct athoroughassessment toinvestigate anypossible immediateand long-term effectson theenvironment andhumanhealthpriorto itsuseasahealingagentinconcreteinfrastructure.

1.According tothe passage,tinycracksinconcrete structures maylead to.A.Disfunction evencollapse of the entirestructureB,Continuous maintenanceand rebuildingC.Leakage ofliquids andgassesD.Waste ofwater andoxygen

2.What canwe knowabout T.reesei^A.It iswidely usedin buildingconcretestructures.B,It cansurvive inextreme environment.C.It canhelp theconcrete cracksheal.D.It isa newlydiscovered fungi.

3.What canbe inferredfrom the last paragraphA.T.reesei mightbe usedon human.B・The researchis stillat itsinitially stage.C.T.reesei isunreplaceable inwinemaking.D.T.reesei haslong-term effectson humanhealth（针灸）“I amnot crazy,“says Dr.William Farber,shortly afterperforming acupuncture on arabbit.am aheadof myIf heseems alittle defensive,it mightbe becauseeven someof hiscoworkers occasionallylaughathisunusualmethods.But Farber iscertainhell havethe lastlaugh.Hes one of asmall butgrowing（兽医）number ofAmerican veterinariansnow practicing“holistic“medicine-combining traditional（按摩疗法）Western treatmentswith acupuncture,chiropractic andherbal medicine.Farber,a graduateof ColoradoState University,started outasamore conventionalveterinarian.He优点一became interestedin alternativetreatments20years agowhen hesuffered fromstrength另夕卜总之寻找.advantage Additionally—besides inaword—in shortlook fbr—hunt for2句式拓展简单句变复合句原句My nameis LiHua,a studentfrom HongxingMiddle School.拓展句My nameis LiHua,a studentwho comesfrom HongxingMiddle School.【点睛高分句型X1jFirst andforemost,I havea goodcommand ofEnglish,which makesit easyfor（运用了引导的非限定性定语从句）me tocommunicate withforeigners fluently.which【高分句型（运用了2]In aword,I firmlybelieve thatI amthe veryperson yourelooking for.that引导的宾语从句）

47.Eager toparticipate,I talkedto myparents,but theydidnt sayyes atfirst.They worriedabout mysafetyinaforeign countryand thechallenges Imight face.I understoodtheir concerns,but I wasdetermined tomake adifference.I assuredthem ofmy preparednessand the support I would havefrom thevolunteer group.After muchpersuasion,they finallyagreed,and Ifelt asense ofrelief andexcitement.Then wewasted notime ingetting readyfor ourscience teaching.We gatheredresources,plannedlessons,and practicedour teachingtechniques.On theday ofdeparture,we werefilled withanticipationand asense of adventure.Arriving inHonduras,we weregreeted bythe warmsmiles of the villagers.Thechildren wereeager tolearn,and theirenthusiasm madeour effortsworthwhile.We taughtthem about thewonders ofscience,and inreturn,they taughtus aboutthe beautyof theirculture andway oflife.It was amutually beneficial experience that left us all with lasting memories.【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者受到朋友的启发，对参与志愿者活动产生了浓厚的兴趣，并成功报名参加了前往美国西弗吉尼亚州加里市的志愿者旅行在那里，作者参与了建设新学校的工作，尽管工作辛苦，但得到了周围人的鼓励和支持，收获了一段难忘的经历之后，作者决定挑战自己，想参加一次国外的志愿者活动作者的目的地是中美洲国家洪都拉斯的一个偏远村庄，想教那里的穷孩子科学【详解】.段落续写1

①由第一段首句内容“我急切地想参与进来，于是和父母谈了谈，但他们一开始没有同意”可知，第一段可描写作者劝说父母同意他去国外参加志愿者的过程

②由第二段首句内容“然后我们没有浪费时间准备我们的科学教学”可知，第二段可描写作者准备出发和到那里做志愿者的感受.续写线索父母担心——作者保证——劝说同意——准备出发——受到热情欢迎——留下美2好回忆.词汇激活3行为类

①担心worry about/be concernedabout

②决定determine/decide/make adecision

③到达arrive in/get to/reach情绪类

①松了口气feel asense ofrelief/in relief/sigh ofrelief

②渴望的eager/anxious/longing【点睛】［高分句型］

1.I assuredthem ofmy preparednessandthesupport Iwould havefrom the（省略关系代词的定语从句修饰先行词）volunteergroup.thesupport［高分句型（现在2|.Arriving inHonduras,we weregreeted bythe warmsmiles of the villagers.分词作状语）［高分句型］（运用了

3.It wasa mutuallybeneficialexperiencethatleftusallwithlastingmemories.强调句）terrible backpain.He triedmuscle-relaxing drugsbut foundlittle relief.Then hetried acupuncture,anancient Chinesepractice,and wasamazed thatheimprovedaftertwoorthreetreatments.What workedonaveterinarianseemedlikelyto workonhispatients.So,after studyingthe techniquesfor acouple ofyears,he beganoffering themto pets.Leigh Tindalesdog Charliehad aserious heartcondition.After Charliehadaheartattack,Tindalesays,shewasprepared toput himto sleep,but Farberstreatments easedher dogssufferingsomuch thatshewasableto keephim alivefor anadditional fivemonths.And PriscillaDewingreportsthatherhorse,Nappy,moves moreeasily andrides morecomfortably“after a chiropractic adjustment.Farberiscertain thatthe holisticapproach willgrow morepopularwithtime,and ifthe pastis anyindication,he maybe right:Since1982,membership in the American HolisticVeterinary MedicalAssociation hasgrown from30to over

700.Sometimes itsurprises methat itworks sowell/he says.Iwill doanything tohelp ananimal.Thafs myjob.”

4.What dosomeofFarbers coworkersthink ofhimA.Hes odd.B.Hes strict.C.Hes brave.D.Hes rude.

5.Why didFarber decideto tryacupunctureonpetsA.He wastrained init atuniversity.B.He wasinspired byanother veterinarian.C.He benefitedfrom itasapatient.D.He wantedto savemoney forpet owners.

6.What doesparagraph3mainly talkaboutA,Steps of achiropractictreatment.B.The complexityof veterinarians9work.C.Examples ofrare animaldiseases.D.The effectivenessof holisticmedicine.

7.Why doesthe authormention theAmericanHolisticVeterinaryMedicalAssociationA.To proveFarbers point.B.To emphasizeits importance.C.To praiseveterinarians.D.To advocateanimal protection.Is comprehensionthe samewhether aperson readsa textonscreen oron paperAnd arelisteningto andviewing contentas effectiveas readingthe writtenword whencovering thesame materialTheanswers toboth questionsare oftenno”.The reasonsrelate toa variety of factors,including reduced（心态）concentration,an entertainmentmindset anda tendencyto multitaskwhile consumingdigitalcontent.When readingtexts ofseveral hundredwords ormore,learning isgenerally moresuccessful whenifson paperthan onscreen.A largeamountofresearch confirmsthis finding.The benefitsof print一reading particularlyshinr throughwhen experimentersmove fromposing simpletasks like一一identifying themain ideainareading passageto onesthat requiremental abstractionsuch asdrawinginferences froma text.The differencesbetween printand digitalreading resultsare partlyrelated topaper9s physicalproperties.With paper,there isa literallaying onof hands,along with the visualgeography ofdistinctpages.People oftenlink theirmemory ofwhat theyveread tohow farinto thebook itwas orwhere itwason thepage.But equallyimportant isthe mentalaspect.Reading researchershave proposedatheorycalled（彳段说）shallowing hypothesisAccording tothis theory,people approachdigital textswithamindsetsuited tosocial media,which areoften notso serious,and devoteless mentaleffort thanwhentheyarereading print.（音频）Audio andvideo canfeel moreengaging thantext,and souniversity teachersincreasingly一turntothesetechnologiessay,assigning anonline talkinsteadofan articlebythesameperson.However,psychologists havedemonstrated thatwhen adultsread newsstories,they remembermore ofthecontent thanif theylisten toor viewidentical pieces.Digital texts,audio andvideo allhave educationalroles,especially whenprovidingresourcesnotavailable inprint.However,for maximizinglearning wheremental focusand reflectionarecalledfbr,educators shouldntassume allmedia arethesame,even whenthey containidentical words.

8.What doesthe underlinedphrase shinethrough“in paragraph2meanA.Seem unlikelyto last.B.Seem hardto explain.C.Become readyto use.D.Become easyto notice.

9.What doesthe shallowinghypothesis assumeA.Readers treatdigitaltextslightly.B.Digital textsare simplerto understand.C.People selectdigital textsrandomly.D.Digital textsare suitablefor socialmedia.

10.Why areaudio andvideo increasinglyused byuniversity teachersA.They canhold students*attention.B.They aremore convenientto prepare.C.They helpdevelop advancedskills.D.They aremore informativethantext.

11.What doesthe authorimply in thelastparagraphA.Students shouldapply multiplelearning techniques.B,Teachers shouldproduce theirown teachingmaterial.C.Print textscannot beentirely replacedin education.D.Education outsidethe classroomcannot beignored.In therace todocument thespecies onEarth beforethey goextinct,researchers andcitizenscientists havecollected billionsof records.Today,most recordsof biodiversityareoftenin theform ofphotos,videos,and otherdigital records.Though theyare usefulfor detectingshifts inthe numberandvariety ofspecies inan area,a newStanford studyhas foundthat thistype ofrecord is not perfect.“With therise oftechnology it is easyfor peopletomakeobservations ofdifferent species withthe aidofamobile application,“said BarnabasDaru,who islead authorof thestudy andassistantprofessor ofbiology inthe StanfordSchool ofHumanities andSciences.These observationsnow（标本），outnumbertheprimarydatathatcomesfrom physicalspecimensandsinceweare increasinglyusingobservational datatoinvestigatehow speciesarerespondingtoglobalchange,I wantedto know:Are theyusable”Using aglobal datasetof

1.9billion recordsof plants,insects,birds,and animals,Daru andhisteam testedhow wellthese datarepresent actualglobal biodiversitypatterns.（使有偏“We wereparticularly interestedin exploringthe aspectsof samplingthattendtobias差）data,like thegreater likelihoodofacitizen scientistto takea pictureofaflowering plantinstead ofthegrassrightnexttoit Jsaid Daru.Their studyrevealed thatthe largenumber ofobservation-only recordsdid notlead tobetterglobal coverage.Moreover,these dataare biasedand favorcertain regions,time periods,and species.This makessense becausethe peoplewho getobservational biodiversitydata onmobile devicesare oftencitizenscientistsrecordingtheirencounterswithspeciesinareasnearby.These dataare alsobiasedtoward certainspecieswithattractive oreye-catching features.What canwe dowiththeimperfect datasetsof biodiversity“Quite alot,“Daru explained.Biodiversity appscan useour studyresults toinform usersofoversampled areasand leadthemtoplaces——and evenspecies——that arenot well-sampled.Toimprove thequality ofobservational data,biodiversity appscan alsoencourage usersto havean expertconfirmthe identificationof theiruploadedimage.”

12.What dowe knowaboutthe recordsofspecies collectednowA.They arebecoming outdated.B.They aremostly inelectronic form.C.They arelimited innumber.D.They areused forpublic exhibition.A.Threatened species.B.Physical specimens.

13.What doesDarus studyfocus onC.Observational data.D.Mobile applications.

14.What hasled tothe biasesaccording tothe studyA.Mistakes indata analysis.B,Poor qualityof uploadedpictures.C.Improper wayof sampling.D.Unreliable datacollection devices.

15.What isDarus suggestionfor biodiversityappsA.Review datafrom certainareas.B.Hire expertstochecktherecords.C.Confirm theidentity of the users.D.Give guidanceto citizenscientists.Not allgreat writersare greatspellers.If youwant tobe published,its vitalto submita perfect,（原稿）.professionally presentedmanuscript16No editoris likelyto tolerateawriter whodoes nottake thetrouble tospell wordscorrectly.（同义词词典）.I keeptwo referencebooks close-by onmy desk:dictionary andthesaurus Idon*ttrust mylaptops spellchecker.17Of course,these daysthere areplenty ofonline dictionariesandthesauruses,but Imold-fashioned enoughto prefera hardcover andpages Ican leafthrough withmyfingers.I usethe ConciseOxford DictionaryandtheCollins Thesaurus.18It shouldgive youa precisedefinition ofeach word,thus differentiatingit fromotherwords whosemeaningsaresimilar,but notidentical.It willalso usuallyshow howthe wordispronounced.In addition,I havean oldtwo-volume copyoftheShorter OxfordDictionary,picked upa fewyears ago ina bookshopsale forjust99pence.Of course,with its2,672pages,its notexactly short.Itcontains around163,000words,plus wordcombinations andidiomatic phrases.19However,if Ineed tochecktheoriginofawordortolookupexamplesofitsusage,theres nothingbetter.For welloverahundred yearsthe mostinfluential Englishdictionary wasSamuel JohnsonsDictionaryoftheEnglish Languagepublished in

1755.nTo makedictionaries isdull（乏味）work/wrote Johnson,illustrating onedefinition ofdull.20A fewminutes spentcasting youreye overa pageortwocanbe arewarding experience.A.I dontoften usethis dictionary.B,It takesno accountofthecontext.C.But Istill dontwant toreplace them.D.But adictionary canbeapleasure toread.E.Of course,adictionaryisnotonly forspelling.F.That meansgood grammarandnospelling mistakes.G.Dictionaries don*t alwaysgive youenough information.

二、完形填空Im a47-year-old teacher.I amso blessedtoworkinthegreatest21for20years.Despite the22schedule andhard work,I finisheach dayfeeling Ihave madea

23.This isthe drivethat keepsme24andpassionate.AsChristaMcAuliffe said,“I touchthe future,I teach.When Iwas namedMaryland TeacheroftheYear,I receiveda congratulatorye-mail fromaformer studentwho isnow25Georgetown Universityand isa leaderinthestudent-run WomeninPolitics group.Recently,I watcheda collegebasketball gametofindanother formerstudent26up anddownthe courtfor Georgetown.Walking throughasupermarketyesterday,I27encountered aformerstudent,who handedmeabusinesscardforthecompanyhestarted,at agetwenty-two.Another studentsaidhe isinthe28of applyingfor lawschool atHoward University.Believe itor not,I29formerstudents withsimilar successstories nearlyevery week.Seeing theirsuccess andknowing thatIwasabletomake asmall30to theirsuccessisthegreatest

31.Those gloriousmoments32metocontinue hopingtoplay aroleinthelifeofeverychild.Sometimes,while Iam watchingmy33studentsworking inclass,I tryto34whattheywillbedoingtenyearsfromnow.Iwouldnot35my careerfor anyother.Iliterallytouchthefutureeveryday.

21.A.business B・company C.profession D.project

22.A.light B.tight C.flexible D.casual

23.A.difference B,fortune C.name D.promise

24.A.generous B・independent C.curious D.inspired

25.A.leaving B.joining C.attending D.visiting

26.A.cheering B.pacing C・judging D.running

27.A.unavoidably B.unexpectedly C.unconditionally D.unquestioningly

28.A.habit B,form C-hope D.process

29.A.came acrossB,picked upC.calmed downD.turned to

30.A.change B,contribution C,proposal D.chance

31.A.help B.praise C・reward D.response

32.A.pressure B.block C.fuel D.corner

33.A.current B.regular C.top D.average

34.A.realize B.picture C.confirm D.doubt

35.A.charge B.prepare C.provide D.trade

三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式1August3rdisWatermelon Day,an annualholiday thatcelebrates everyonesfavorite summerfruit.抗氧化36make ofalmost92%water,the fruitis fullof vitaminA andvitamin Cand antioxidants剂.So whatare youwaiting forGet yourselfa fewslices ofwatermelon37celebrate thisdeliciousholiday.Watermelon isanancientfood that38believe tohave originatedin Africa.Historians havefoundevidence ofwatermelon plantingas farback as4,000years ago.Today,39varietyofthe fruit aregrown inwarm partsoftheworld.解渴的Because of40it highwatercontent,watermelon isa kindof thirst-quenching fruit.Infact,intheKalahariDesert,41watermelon iscalled tsamma”,itisoneofthemainsources ofwaterduring thedry,hot season.Inthepast,people42go acrossthe desertonly duringa goodtsammaseason.Some studieshave shownthattheantioxidants inwatermelon canreduce therisk ofsome typesofcancer.Moreover,all partsofthefruitareeatable.Its fleshcanbeeaten43direct orjuiced.In manypartsoftheworld,44thick greenouter coveringofthefruit serves45a dish,and itsseeds aredried,roasted andenjoyed likenuts.

四、书信写作年北京冬奥会将如期举行，目前正在招募志愿者假如你是李华，红星中学的一

46.2022名学生，希望能成为其中一员，请用英文给组委会写一封申请信，内容包括个人介绍；

1.自身优势；

2.强烈意愿

3.注意写作词数应为左右；

1.80可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯

2.Dear Sir/Madam,Yours sincerely,LiHua

五、书面表达阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文

47.As mymom says,love issimple.There camea timein mylife,over twoyearsago,when Ihadthe desireto impactsomeones lifepositively.My friendKelley toldme aboutavolunteer trip shehadtaken to Gary,West Virginia,and itwasalife-changing experience.After lookinginto serviceopportunities,I signedup totakeavolunteertriptoGary.。