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人教版必修一各单元知识点总结Unit12345One Friendship
一、重点短语经历,经受
1.go through通过;完毕;接通电话get through记下,放下
2.set down一系列
3.a series of有目的的
4.on purpose为了
5.in orderto傍晚,傍晚时刻
6.at dusk面对面
7.face toface爱上
8.fall inlove参与(某个活动);
9.join in参与(活动)take partin加入(组织,团体,并成为其中一员)join冷静下来
10.calm down遭受
11.suffer from对...感到厌倦
12.be/get tiredof...关怀
13.be concernedabout与...相处融洽
14.get on/along wellwith擅长于
15.be goodat/do wellin・・・发现做某事是…
16.find it+adj.to do sth.不再
17.no longer/not...any longer・・・太多(后接不可数)
18.too muchn.太…(后接)much tooadj.直到才
19.not...until・・・做...并不开心
20.its nopleasure doing sth.使某人成为
21.make sb.sth・・・使某人做某事make sb.do sth.
二、语法--直接引语和间接引语概念:直接引语直接引述他人的原话一般前后要加引号Unit5Nelson Mandela-a modernhero
一、重点词汇自私的
1.selfish无私的selfless致力于;献身于
2.devote oneselfto...对抗,反对
3.fight against为而战fight for・・・原贝!
4.principle J校长;重要的principal...给...提供指导
5.offer guidanceto失业
6.out ofwork加入(组织,俱乐部,成为其中一员)
7.join参与(活动)join in参与(活动)take partin尽量
8.as+adj+as onecan・・・=as+adj.+as possible实际上(=)
9.as amatter offact in fact爆炸,炸掉
10.blow up建立;着手,开始做()
11.set upset aboutset aboutdoingsth.set off出发,动身;开始,出发()set outset outto dosth.被判...
12.be sentencedto与…相等;胜任
13.be equalto为感到自豪
14.be proudof・・・分发(散发出(气味))
15.give outgive off为…而死
16.die for死于(自身原因,如疾病)die of死于(外在原因,如车祸)die from实现..的梦想
17.realize onesdream of...位于句首时,要主谓倒装
18.only彳列Only thendid wedecide toanswer violencewith violence.Only inthis way,can weprotect theenvironment better.…语法….定语从句详见第四单元间接引语用自己的话转述他人的话间接引语在多数状况下可构成宾语从句且不要加引号例Mr.Black said,Im busy.Mr.Black said that he was busy.变化规则
(一)陈说句的变化规则直接引语假如是陈说句,变为间接引语时,用连词(可省略)引导,从句中的that人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语都要发生对应的变化人称的变化一一人称的变化重要是要理解句子的意思例
1.He said,“I likeit very much.—He saidthat heliked itverymuch.
2.He said to me,Tv leftmy bookin yourroom.”f Hetold methat hehad lefthis bookin myroom.时态的变化直接引语间接引语一般目前时一般过去时目前进行时过去进行时目前完毕时过去完毕时一般过去时过去完毕时一般未来时过去未来时过去完毕时过去完毕时例“I dontwant to set down a seriesof facts in a diary,“said Anne.-Anne saidthat shedidnt wanttosetdownaseriesoffactsina diary.The boysaid JTmusing aknife.”-The boysaidthat hewasusing aknife.▲注意假如直接引语是客观真理,变为间接引语时,时态不变,如:He said,Light travels much faster than sound.”He saidthat lighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化直接引语间接引语this thatthesethosenow thenagobefore/earliertoday thatdayyesterday theday beforetomorrowthe next/following daytheday aftertomorrow Intwo daystimecome goheretherethe daybefore yesterdaytwo daysbefore/earlier
(二)祈使句的变化规则假如直接引语是祈使句,变为间接引语时,要将祈使句的动词原形变为带的不定to式,并根据句子意思在不定式前加上等动词,假如祈使句与否认句,tell/ask/order在不定式前面还要加上例notThe hostesssaid tous,“Please sitdown.”—The hostessasked usto sitdown.He said,“Dont makeso muchnoise,boys.”f Hetold theboys notto makeso muchnoise.
(三)疑问句的变化规则假如直接引语是疑问句,变为间接引语时要把疑问句语序变为陈说句语序,句末用句号一般疑问句假如直接引语是一般疑问句,变为间接引语时,谓语动词是或say said时一,要改为或原问句变为由引导的宾语从句例ask asked,if/whether“Do youthinka diarycan becomeyour friend^^the writersays.f Thewriter asksus ifwe thinkadiarycan becomeour friend.)特殊疑问句假如间接引语是特殊疑问句,变为间接引语时,仍用本来的引导2词,但疑问句要变为陈说句例“What doyou want”he asked me.f Heaskedmewhat IwantedUnit twoEnglish aroundthe world
一、重点短语与.••不一样
1.be differentfrom与..同样be thesame as・互相,彼止匕()
2.one another=each other官方语言
3.official language在…结束时
4.at the end of由于(后接名词或名词性短语)
5.because of由于(后接句子)because说母语的人
6.native speakers根据,根据
7.be basedon目前;当今
8.at present尤其,尤其
9.especially专门地specially运用...
10.make useof充足运用…make thebest of大量的,诸多(作主语,谓语动词用复数)的数
11.a largenumber ofthe numberof...量(作主语,谓语动词用单数)实际上
12.infact=actually=as amatter offact信不信由你
13.believe itor not没有这样的事…
14.there isno suchthing as....被期待做某事
15.be expectedto・・...在…起作用
16.play apart/role in…列清单
17.make listsof包括(前面接包括的对象)
18.included包括(后接包括的对象)Including命令某人去做某事
19.command sb.to dosth.从句(从句用原)command+that should+V规定某人做某事
20.request sb.to dosth.从句(从句用原)request+that should+V
二、语法■…英语中的命令()语气和祈求()语气command request命令语气:表达直接命令某人做某事,语气比较重,不怎么礼貌,一般用于上级对下级彳列1,Look atthe example”,the teachersaidtous.
2.Open thewindow!祈求语气:表达祈求某人做某事,语气比较缓和,非常礼貌例
1.Would youlike tosee myflat”She asked.
2.Would youplease openthe windowUnit3Travel journal
一、重点短语-泛指旅行
1.travel--指长时间长距离的陆上旅行journey—指长距离的水上旅行,也可以指乘飞机旅行voyage--一一常指短时间短距离的旅行trip—指环游,巡回旅游,tour—愈加喜欢,宁愿
2.prefer to比起,更喜欢prefer Ato BB A比起做…,宁愿做…prefer doingto doing与其做..,不如…prefer to do ratherthan do・流过,流经
3.flow through自从
4.ever since说服某人做某事
5.persuade sb.to dosth.喜欢
6.be fondof坚持做某事
7.insist ondoing从句(用原)insist+that should+V关怀
8.care about变化想法
9.change ones mind高度
10.altitude态度,见解attitude下定决心做某事
11.make uponesmindto do=decide todo=make adecision todo让步,屈服
12.give in放弃give up...对…感到惊奇
13.be surprisedto令某人惊讶的是…to onessurprise二最终
14.at last=finally in theend停下来去做某事
15.stop todo停止做某事stop doing像往常同样
16.as usual如此…以至于.
17.so…that・・So+adj+a/an+n.+thatSuch+a/an+adj.+n.+that对...熟悉(人作主语)
18.be familiarwith为…所熟悉(物作主语)be familiarto
二、语法:目前进行时表未来目前进行时表未来,表达近来按计划或安排要进行的动作,常见的目前进行时表未来的动词有等.come/go/leave/arrive/travel/take/stay/do例我就来
1.Tm coming.你下个星期天做什么?
2.what areyou doingnext Sunday我听说你将沿湄公河旅行
3.1hear thatyou aretravelling alongMekong River.你们晚上待在哪里/
4.Where areyou stayingat nightUnitfour Earthquakes
一、重点短语立艮[立艮[(=)
1.right away1,I atonce=in notime睡着的;熟睡地(入睡)
2.asleep fallasleep睡;睡眠sleep犯困的sleepy看来仿佛…;似乎
3.it seemsthat/as if...成为废墟
4.in ruins.的数量(谓语动词用单数)
5.the numberof・・大量(谓语动词用复数)a numberof营救人员
6.rescue workers营救某人Come toones rescue被困
7.be trapped多长时间
8.how long多久,指平率how often还要多久(用于未来时当中,用时间段回答)howsoon in+成千上万的
9.hundreds ofthousands of挖出
10.dig out泛指“动摇,震动”,常指左右、上下动摇,也可以指人“震惊,颤动”
11.shake--彳列:
1.She feltthe earthshaking underhim.
2.She wasshaken withanger.指较强烈的震动,如地震quake-—例J:The buildingquaked onits foundation指人由于寒冷、恐惊、不安等引起的身体的抖动或声音的颤动Tremble--例Suddenly Isaw herlips begin to trembleand tearsbegintoflow downher cheeks.多指寒冷引起的颤动、哆嗦Shiver—例A suddengust ofcold windmade meshiver.()上升;升起,无被动语态;引起
12.rise rose-risen——vi,give riseto()举起;筹集;养育Raise raised-raised——vt,()出现(常指问题或现象)Arise arose-arisen——vt,常指因意外事故导致的损伤,也可以指感情上声誉上的伤害
13.injure--例He wasinjured ina caraccident.泛指“伤害,损害”,既可以指有生命的,也可以指无生命的harm----仞(J
1.He wasafraid thathis furywould harmthe child.
2.His businesswas harmedfor somereason.既可以指肉体上的伤害,也可以指精神上的伤害hurt--彳列
1.She hurther legwhen shefell.
3.He felthurt atyour word.一般指枪伤、刀伤等在战场上受的伤wound—例The bulletwounded himinthearm.为••做准备
14.be preparedfor...=make preparationsfor...・向…表达敬意;为纪念
15.in oneshonor...做•感到很荣幸Be/feel honoredtodo・・发言
16.make/give/deliver aspeech开幕词opening speech…向…提供呵护所
17.give/provide shelterto.规避seek shelterfrom..遭遇,发生
18.happen to+n./pron.,偶尔;碰巧happen todosth指偶尔发生happen----指事先计划好的事情发生take place—
二、语法-一定语从句概念:在复合句中,修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句成分:先行词,即被定语从句修饰的名词或代词;关系代词(宾格为that,which,who所有格为);或者关系副词等关系代词或关whom,whose where,when,why系副词处在先行词和定语从句之间,起着连接主从句的作用关系代词的使用方法
1.that关系代词在定语从句中既能指人,也能指物;既能做主语,也能做宾语例that)(指物,作主语)1A planeis amachine thatcan fly.)()(指物,作宾语)2The noodlesthat Icooked weredelicious.)(指人,作主语)3Who isthe manthat isreading abook overthere)指人,作宾语4The girlthat wesaw yesterdaywas Jimssister,关系代词的使用方法
2.which关系代词在定语从句中只能指物,但既可以做宾语也能作主语which彳列.作主语1They plantedsome treeswhich didntneed muchwater.作宾语2The fishwhich webought thismorning werenot fresh关系代词的使用方法
3.who,whom关系代词只能指人,在定语从句中分别作主语和宾语who,whom例.作主语1The foreignerwho helpedus yesterdayis fromUSA作宾语、2The personto whomyou justtalked tois Mr.Li.关系代词在的使用方法
4.whose关系代词为关系代词的所有格形式,其先行词既可以是人也可以是物,whose who和它所修饰的名词在定语从句中既可以做主语也可以做宾语whose例指人,作主语1This isthe scientistwhose nameis knownall overthe world.指物,作主语2The roomwhose windowfaces southis mine.指物,作宾语3He haswritten abook whosename Iveforgotten.关系副词的使用方法
5.when关系副词在定语从句中作时间状语when彳列1Til neverforget thetime when=during whichwe workedon thefarm.2Do youremember theafternoon when=on whichwe firstmet threeyears ago关系副词在定语从句中的使用方法
6.where关系副词在定语从句中做地点状语where例1This isthe placewhere=at/in whichwe firstmet.2The hotelwhere=in whichwe stayedwasnt veryclean.关系副词在定语从句中的使用方法
7.why关系副词在定语从句中作原因状语why彳列
1.I didntget apay rise,but thiswasnt thereason why=for whichI left.
2.The reasonwhy=for whichhe haslate wasthathemissed thetrain.。
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