2025年外研版初中英语全册核心知识点梳理与精讲

初一上册各模块知识点及考试重点名词所所有格⑴表达有生命的名词的所有格其单数形式是加s,students rooms,fathers shoes

0.如复数结尾不是的仍加如2s k,Childrens Day在表达时间、距离、长度、重量、价格、世界、国家等名词的所有格要用

3.s,例如a twentyminutes1walk,ten miles*journey，a boatslength,two pounds1weight,tendollars1wortho.无生命名词的所有格则必须用构造，例如4of amap ofChina,the endof thisterm,the capitalofour country,the colorof theflowerso特殊状况the keyto the door/the answerto thequestionthe ticketfor theconcert双重所有格，例如

5.a friendof myfathers【注意】假如两个名词并列，并且分别有则表达“分别有二例如约s,Johns andMary*s rooms翰和玛丽各有一间，共两间；两人各自的自行车Tomi andMary*bikes两个名词并列，只有一种则表达“共有”，例如约翰和玛丽共s,John andMarys room有一间；Tom andMaryfs mother即Tom与Mary是兄妹名词复数的不规则变化单复数通同形人们说汉语和日语，瑞士人喜欢绵羊、鹿和雨、fish sheepdeer peopleChinese English不规则变化男女孩子的脚，踩住老鼠的牙、Women menfeet miceteeth、的使用方法1would

①你乐意干某事吗？提出提议邀请，假如同意，用Would youlike to do sthYES,Td loveto./all right.假如拒绝，也要客气的拒绝/A goodidea

②想要某物would likesth想让某人做某事Would likesb to do sth想去做一件事情Would like to do

③祈求Would youplease do sth、表达时间的介词2后接时间点，周末At at the weekend用在年、月、季节或上午、下午、晚上等名词前In后一般跟详细的某一天或某一天的上午、下午或晚上On、3look seewatchread集中注意力看，强调看的动作，如跟宾语，要用Look at强调看的成果，看见，看到See强调专注地看，有欣赏的意味，常用语看电视，看球赛Watch阅读，看书Read、的使用方法1would

①你乐意干某事吗？提出提议邀请，假如同意，用Would youliketo do sthYES,Td loveto./all right.假如拒绝,也要客气的拒绝/A goodideaat thistime yesterday,at that过去某个时刻或某阶段正在发time,生的动作和引导的状语从When while过去进行时句tomon*ow,next未来某时要发生的动作一段时间，week,soon,in+how打算要做某事一般未来时soon,from nowon多于第一人称连用,一般Shall疑问句中表达祈求、提议everjust,recently,before,过去已经发生的动作对目前的时间点already,yet,since+for+影响；时间段，so far过去已经开始，持续到目前；目前完毕时终止性动词不能和表达一段时间的状语连用被动语态的特殊使用方法、不及物动词带介词和介词宾语，在变为被动语态时，仍然要带上介词，如1The teacheris listenedto carefullyby thestudents inclass.The newstudents arelooked afterin the school.The thingsare takegood careof.D D、当动词带有符合宾语时，并且宾补是省去的动词不定式时,在被动语态中应加上，一2“to”“to”感，二听，三让，四看They makeus do all the work.—We aremade to doallthework.We oftenhear hersing English songs.-»8he isoften heardto singEnglishsongs.I seehim walkto school.——A He is seento walkto school.、当动词带双宾语时，将其中一种宾语提前作被动语态的主语，另一种不动；假如是将指物或指3事的宾语提前，则指人的宾语前应加上、如to for£1am givensome nicepresents.,ts aregiven tome.The childrenare oftentold somestories by himHe oftentells the children somestories.Some storiesare oftentold to thechildrenbyhim.动词后加等to give,show,send,bringjend,promise动词后加等for:pay,buy,sing,make,get、定语从句3修饰人只用的状况who先行词是时a.one,ones,anyone,those句型中修饰名词时b.there be先行词后有一种较长的定语c.1Anyone whohasnt handedin hishome-work shouldstay afterschool.2There is a girlwho wantsto seeyou attheschoolgate.修饰人或物只用的3Did yousee theman inthe parkyesterday afternoonwho worea redshirt that状况先行词是等不定代词时1all,few,little,nothing,everything,anythingAll that he saidis true.先行词被等词修饰时2only,no,any,all,He is the onlyforeigner thathas beento thatplace.先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰的词例如3He wasthe secondperson thattold methe secret.先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰的词4This isthe bestbook thatI haveread thisyear.先行词既包括人又包括物时例如5修饰物只用的状况which先行词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时a.先行词为时b.that.这就是鲁迅此前住过的房子lThis isthe housein whichLu Xunonce lived2What,s thatwhich you are holdingin yourarms你抱着的那个是什么？定语从句可简化为短语定语从句为被动语态时可简化为过去分词短语；定语从句为目前进行时可简化为目前分词短

1.语定语从句的谓语后是介词短语，可简化为介词短语作定语

2.be定语从句的谓语动词含情态动词，可简化为不定式

3.eg.11bought a book thatwas written by Lu Xun.=I boughtabookwrittenbyLuXun.2Tell thechildren whoare playingthere not to dothat.=Tell thechildren playingthere not to dothat.3The bookthat ison thetable ismine.=The bookon thetable ismine.4We havenothing thatwe shouldfear.=We havenothing tofear.、冠词和数词

4、用在序数词之前表达“再一次，又一次‘1a/an、用在姓氏复数之前，表达“某某一家人”，“某某夫妇，例如2the等the Browns,the Whites表达一种详细数字时，一律不用复数；

3.hundred,thousand,million在表达一种不确定数字时则用复数例如There arethree thousandstudents inour school.After thewar,thousands ofpeople becamehomeless.表达“……十”的数词的复数形式可用来表达人的岁数或年代，例如3He isin hisearly thirties.He diedstill inhis forties.This tookplace in1930s.、主谓一致5语法一致的原则

1.并列主语假如指的是同一人，同一事物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数例如2His teacherand friendis abeautiful girl.The poetand writerhas come.由连接的并列单数主语之前假如分别由修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式3and each,every例如In ourcountry everyboy andevery girlhas theright toreceive education.主语是单数时，尽管背面跟有等短语，谓语动词仍用单数4but.except,besides,with,as well as例如The teacherwith hisstudents isgoing tovisit themuseum.某些只有复数形式的名词，如等作主语时，谓语动词要用复数5people,police,cattle,clothesThe policeare lookingfor lostboy.有两部分构成的物体的名词，如等作主语时，谓语7glasses,shoes,trousers,chopsticks,scissors动词用复数例如Where aremy shoesI cantfind them.Your trousersare dirty.Youd betterchange them.假如此类名词前用了等，则往往用作单数，谓语动词的单复数形式往往取决于a pair of pair的单复数形式例如My newpairofsocks ison thebed.意义一致的原则

1、do somereviews about表达“对.....做评论“；do aninterview with表达采访.......

9、5allow/encourage/advise sb to dosbbe allowed/encouraged/advised、6prefer to do...rather than do...prefer doingA to doing Bwould rather do...than do...wouldratherdo...thando....do Ainstead ofdoing B、7above all,after all,flrst ofalljn all尤其是，最重要的是，强调内容的重要性above all,毕竟，究竟after all首先，表达次序上的首先Erst ofall总共in all、8instead of/instead是介词短语，常位于句中，而是副词，可置于句中，常用逗号与句子主干分instead of instead开，也可直接置于句末，一般用于上文已经阐明的被替代的对象He istoo busy,let mego instead.、动词原形、9in order to to+so asto,so...that.so that,in orderthat、动词原形、引导目的状语从句，有时为了表达强调，也可把in order to to+so asto in orderto,to放在句首，否认形式是do in order notto,so as notto、一段时间10some time某个时候sometime有时由笑sometimes几次some times、被用来做某事11be used to do习惯于be usedto dong曾经usedto do、和12no onenoneno one不加提问没有人单三动词of who=nobody可加提问没有人没有物单、复数动词none ofhow many、单数名词13so+adj.+a/an+单数名词such+a/an+adj.+复数名词、不可数名词，such+adj.+当是时用adj.many/much/few/little so、被期望或规定；应当14be supposed to do假定suppose that、不可数名词15progress,make progress、倒装句16助动词/情态动词+主语“某人或某物也同样”So+be/I willgo theretomorrow.So willshe.主语助动词/情态动词“确实如此”So++be/昨天很冷”It wasvery coldyesterday.”确实如止匕”So it was.“对于上述两种状况，目前一句与否认句时，须改用或so neithernor初三下册知识重点

一、词汇、.辩论1debate v.n.争论某事1debate aboutsth.与某人争论2debate with sb、和2neither none两者都不”,是的反义词,作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式，3neither“both neither,neither ofNeitherofthetwo boysis right..既不...也不..主谓一致遵照就近原贝Neither...nor..lj三者或三者以上都不，和做主语时，谓语动词单复数皆可4none nonenone of、防止，防止3prevent重要考点:制止…做…prevent fromsth/doing stho=keep/stop.......from......、缺席的，不在场的反义词4absent present短语缺席be absentfrom、5suppose被期望或规定；应当be supposedto do假定suppose that

二、语法知识感慨句感慨句是表达喜、怒、哀、乐以及惊异等感情的句子句末用感慨号“！”，读时用降调，感慨句往往由或引导，修饰名词，修饰形容词，副词或动what howwhat how司I O引导的感慨句

1.what形容词+单数可数名词+陈说句主语+谓语1what+a/an+What abeautiful cityit is!What aninteresting storyshe told!形容词+复数可数名词/不可数名词+陈说句主语+谓语2what+What expensivewatches theyare!What terribleweather it is!引导的感慨句

2.How形容词/副词+陈说句主语+谓语1How+How coldit is!How hardhe works!陈说句主语+谓语2How+How heloves hisson!How Imiss you!形容词单数可数名词+陈说句主语+谓语3How++a/an+How talla treeit is!上述两种感慨句可以互相转换例如4What aclever boyhe is!—How cleverthe boyis!一What acold dayit is!How colditis!

②想要某物would likesth想让某人做某事Would likesbto do sth想去做一件事情Would liketo do

③祈求Would youplease do sth、表达时间的介词2后接时间点,周末At atthe weekend用在年、月、季节或上午、下午、晚上等名词前In后一般跟详细的某一天或某一天的上午、下午或晚上On初一下册重点知识、形容词和副词2形容词比较级使用方法最明显的提醒词是其构造为比较级

1.than,“A...++than+B”有表达程度的副词等修饰时，用形容

2.a little,a bit,a few,a lot,much,even,still,far,rather,any词比较级表达两者之间进行选择“哪一种更时，句型形容词比较级，

3.“Which/Whois+AorB”

4、表达“越来越.・・・・.”,即“比较级+and+比较级”，多音节词和部分双音节词时用“more and形容词原级”more+

5、表达“越・•・・・・就越・・・・・.”时，用“the+比较级，the+比较级”构造形容词最高级使用方法表达三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时，用最高级形式最高级前必须加定冠词句末常

1.the,跟一种短语来表达范围in/of表达在三者或三者以上的人或物进行选择时，用最高级，cr

2.“Which/Who is+the+A,B or

一、词汇、1enjoy喜欢某物/做某件事情enjoy sth/doing玩的快乐enjoy oneself=have a good time派生词令人快乐的乐趣enjoyable,enjoyment,、2dress,put on,wear,be in后常跟人作宾语，给…穿衣服,或dress getdressed dressoneself意为穿上，强调穿的动作，宾语一般是衣服、鞋帽put on穿着，戴着，强调穿的状态，宾语可以是衣帽也可以是饰品wear也表状态，背面要加颜色，表达穿着什么颜色的衣服be in、和的使用方法3bring,take,carry get意思为“拿来”、“带来”指将某物或某人从别处“带来”bringBring methe book,please.意思是“拿走带走”takeIt lookslike rain.Take araincoat withyou.是“带着、搬运、携带”的意思，不表明来去的方向carryDo youalways carrya handbag是去某处将某物拿回来GetPlease goto myoffice to get somechalk.、,对某人规定严格4strict adj.be strictwithsb对某事规定严格be strictinsb、5spend人时间/金钱+（）+spend+on sth/in doing sth、6get readyfor为…做准备（强调动作）get readyfor sth准备去做…（强调动作）get readyto dosth准备好...（强调状态）be readyfor sth准备好去做…（强调状态）be readyto dosth准备好get sthready JEsth、7look forwardto doing、8be good/bad atdowell/badly in、与的区别9hope wish但愿去做…hope todosth/wish todosth但愿去做…sb wishsbtodo...与后都可以接从句.hope wishthat

二、金牌句型、1It ismore difficultfor oldpeople to learn English.（）It is+adj.+for sb+todosth.、2It isthe bestway toget toschool.、3Whats thepopulation ofShanghai在问询有多少人口用“Whats thepopulation of...”/How largeisthepopulation of...”表达“有多少人口”用...have/has apopulation of...”形容人口的多少用和而不用和large small,many,much few,little、有关的疑问句短语4how多长时间或物体长度How long...过多久，用于未来时间How soon...频率How often...多远，指距离How far...、问询某人什么样，可以是外貌或性格等；5What besb like问询相貌What do/does sblook like初二上册考试重点

一、语法、时态的考察，对于多种时态重要看时间标志词，尤其是1just now/just/now;ago/before;five时态的考察以目前完毕时为重点，注意非延续性动词在years ago/since fiveyears ago/for fiveyears,目前完毕加时间的状况下需要变为延续性状态的词have beento/have beenin/have goneto、反义疑问句2*祈使句引导的祈使句有两种状况Let）1Lets gohome,shall we/shant we或2Let us/me...,will youwont youoLetme have a try,will you/wont you动词原形开头的3祈使句都用或will youwont you*当陈说部分含构造时，其反意疑问句须与从句的主、谓语保持I thinkbelieve,suppose...that...一致，注意主句的主语必须是第一人称例如I dontthink hewill come,will he若是非第一人称，则与主句的主语相一致He thinksthat shewill come,doesnt he*当陈说部分为从句时，若主句主语为反意部分的主语为从句主语;若不为反义部分的主语I,I,为主句主语

①I knowyour fatherisaworker,isnt he

①she knowsyour fatherisaworker,doesnt she*当陈说部分具有如下这些具有否认意义的词时few,little,seldom,hardly,never,not,no,no one,等，其反意疑问句需用肯定构造nobody,nothing,none,neither例如He isnever latefor school,is he*陈说部分是句型时，其反意疑问句中要用there bethere□There wasa hospitalhere,wasnt there*陈说部分的主语是或时,反意everything,nothing,anything something疑问句的主语应用代词ito我的收音机出毛病了，是吧？Something iswrong withmy radio,isnt it*陈说部分的主语是everybody,everyone,anybody,anyone,somebody,someone,nobody,no one,时,其反意疑问句的主语需用复数代词例如none,neither they大家都到了，是吗？Everyone ishere,aren*t they、不定式3todo•不定式作主语时，常用作形式主语，而将作主语的不定式放在句子后部1itIt isexciting tosurf theInternet..与Its...of sb.todosth Its…for sb.todosth.形容词形容人的时候用形容事情的时候用of,forIts verykind/nice ofyou tohelp me中国学生学俄语是很难的Its hardfor theChinese studentstolearnRussian..动词不定式在句中作宾语，如带有宾语补足语时，要先用作形式宾语，而将该不定式后置2it注意某些动词之后可以接和作宾语时,如等to doingstop,forget,remember,try,needI dontthink itright todo itin thatway.我觉得以那种方式去做是不恰当的I findit hardtogetalong with him.我发现与他相处不是件轻易的事.作补语4有些动词后跟不带的不定式作宾语补足语to

①感官动词

②使役动词

③…或当此类句子改为被动语态时，要补上help sb.do help sb.todoto.Heisoften heardto singthis song.The workerswere madeto work12hours aday.在等动词后常用构造作宾补，有时可省略think,find,consider,discover to be+adj.to beWeall think/consider/find/discover himtobekind andhonest.动词不定式的省略不定式在使役动词和感官动词1let,have,make see,watch,notice,observe,hear,smell,feel,find等后作宾补时，省略可带也可不带too helpto,to—helpsbtodosth背面接不带的不定式常用来表提议2Why nottoWhy nothaveabreak和前的部分出现实义动词时，其背面出现的动词不定式可以不带3but exceptbut/except dotoo比较He wantsto believeanything butto takethe medicine.Last nightI didnothing butto watchTV.He doeseverything exceptto work.由或连接的两个不定式，第二个不定式的可以省去例如4and,or thantoHe wantsto moveto Franceand marrythe girl.一般在等词后，可以省去5discover,imagine,suppose,think,understand tobeHe issupposedtobe anhonest man.、情态动词4是重点must表达义务意为“必须主观意志否认形式是表达揣测意为“想必、准是、一1neednt,2定”等，只用于肯定句否认形式是比can自身表达“严禁”，“不容许”，“不能”3musnt

二、重点词汇、句型1XWhat/how aboutdoing...Why not/why dontyou do.......此句型到第九模块会重点讲解Xlt is+adj.+for sbtodosth、系列词2Xother泛指多种中的另一种another adj./pron其他的，别的other adj./pron,一种……另一种……（总共有两者）one...the other一种……另一种……（总数三者以上者）one...another其他的某些other+n.=others其他的所有The other+n.=the others修饰动词、形容词和副词，有点a little修饰不可数名词，一点，某些修饰动词、形容词和副词，有点尸a littleabit加介词后可修饰不可数名词ofa few修饰可数名词复数形式、和4no onenoneno one不加提问没有人单三动词of who

（二）nobody可加提问没有人没有物单、复数动词none ofhow many、和的使用方法5bring,take,carry get意思为“拿来工“带来”指将某物或某人从别处“带来”bringBring methe book,please.意思是“拿走”，“带走把某物或某人从这里“带来”或“拿至「某处之意takeIt lookslike rain.Take araincoat withyou.是“带着、搬运、携带”的意思，指随身携带，有背着、扛着、抱着、提着的含义，不表carry明来去的方向Do youalways carrya handbag是去某处将某物拿回来GetPlease goto myoffice toget somechalk.、6through/across/over穿越，指从空间内穿越through throughthedoor横越穿过，从表面走过，或从一边到另一边,across,across theroad翻越，跨越over、7provide/offerprovide sthfor sb/provide sbwith sth（积极提供）offer sthto sb/offer sbsth、8happen/take place指事件偶尔发生，还可以表达“碰巧”之意，不用于被动语态happensth happen to sbsbhappentodosth.句子It happensthat+多指按计划或者安排而发生，不用于被动语态take place、比方9compare...with...compare...to....依赖依…而定10depend onsb depend on sth初二下册重点知识

一、重点词汇、1make宾语+动词原形make+He madeus staywithhim.宾语+形容词make+He triedto makehis motherhappy宾语+名词-make+He mademe hisfriend.宾语+介词短语make+He askedus tomake ourselvesat home.宾语+过去分词make+What madehim sofrightened、2seem形容词Seem+English seemsa littledifficult.Seem todo Hedoesnt seemto haveany friends.=lt seemsthathedoesnt haveany friends.It seemsas ifthey wereinadream.、3suggest名词、代词suggest+提议做某事suggest doing提议某人做某事suggest sbdo、拒绝做某事4refuse todosth、打败，后接运动员、球队、对手5beat接比赛、战争，奖项win、防止做某事6avoid doing sth、7depend依赖depend onsb依…而定dependonsth、为独自8on oneownof one9s own某人自己的、…在哪首先有麻烦9have problemwith其中是不可数名词，前面用have problem/trouble/difficulty indoing,trouble/difficulty修饰no/much/some/little any出现，发生10come up发芽，1In March,lots ofplants beginto comeup.太阳升起2发生,出现3ril lethim knowif anythingcomes up.被提及4A numberof questionscame upatthe meeting.动词原形、11in orderto to+so asto,so...that.so that,inorderthat、动词原形、引导目的状语从句，有时为了表达强调，也可把inorderto to+so asto inorderto,to放在句首，否认形式是do inorder notto,so as notto、并且，还，可与互换，不过强调前面的内容，12as wellasnotonly…but alsoas wellasnotonly...but强调背面的内容also连接两个并列成分1He as wellashis friendslikes goingshopping.还可以表达“和…同样好”，是副词，用于修饰实义动词2as wellaswell可单独做副词，表达“也”，位于句末3aswell、.如此，这样13such adj单数名词so+adj.+a/an+单数名词such+a/an+adj.+复数名词、不可数名词，such+adj.+当.是时用adj many/much/few/1ittle so、倒装句14助动词/情态动词+主语，，某人或某物也同样”So+be/I willgo theretomorrow.So willshe.主语助动词/情态动词“确实如此”So++be/昨天很冷”It wasvery coldyesterday.”确实如止匕”So itwas.“对于上述两种状况，目前一句与否认句时，须改用或so neithernor、和15besides,but,except except forbesides除了.....还包括He hasanother carbesides this.与同义，但多用在等和由这些词构成的复合词but exceptbut every,any,no除了；例句除了你没人能帮我except Exceptyou,there isno onecan helpme.在一类中除去另一类，

二、语法知except forSmith isagoodman,exceptforhis badtemper识、宾语从句宾语从句的语序1宾语从句的语序应为陈说句的语序例如:I hearthat physicsisnt easy.I think that youwill likethis schoolsoon.Can youtell mehow Ican getto zoo宾语从句的时态Please tell me whenwell havethemeeting.主句宾语从句一般目前时一切时态过去范围的某一时态（一般过去时；过去进行时；一般过去时过去完毕时；过去未来时）假如主句的时态是一般目前时，宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态（）Idontthinkthatyouareright.Please tellus wherehe is.Can youtellmehow1can gettotherailway station假如主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用对应的过去时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去未来时，过去完毕时）例如He askedwhat timeitwas.He toldme thathe waspreparing forthe sportsmeet.He askedif youhad writtento Peter.知识拓展宾从的主语与主句的主语（或宾语）相似时，可把从句替代为“疑问词+tdo”

①^havent decidedwherej willgo=1havent decidedwhere tona

②.He askedme what^bought=He askedme whatto bey.、状语从句2★时间状语从句）由等引导的时间状语从句用一般目前时表达未来时间1when,assoonas,before）带有或引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里，假如主句用肯定式，其含义是“一2till until直到……时”，谓语动词只能用延续性动词假如主句用否认式，其含义是“直到……才……”,”在……此前不……二谓语动词可用瞬间动词例如The youngman readtill thelight wentout.We wontstart untilBob comes.★条件状语从句）条件状语从句遵照“主将从现原则，一般目前时表达未来时间1）“祈使句+（）陈说句”在意思上相称于一种带有条件状语从句的复合句2and or+Hurryup,or youll be late.=lf youdont hurryup,youllbelate.★成果状语从句成果状语从句由so...that,such...that,so that此知识点牵扯到重点词汇中的单数名词so+adj.+a/an+单数名词such+a/an+adj.+复数名词、不可数名词，such+adj.+当.是时用adj many/much/few/1ittle so、和做宾语喜欢做某事3tododoing常考的动词后加-ing.喜欢做某事

1.Enjoy doing sth玩得开心

2.Like doing sth练习做某事

3.Have fundoing sth花费时间做某事（主语是人）

4.Practice doing sth保持一直做某事

5.Spend doing sth做某事怎么样（表提议）

6.Keep doing sth做某事怎么样（表提议）

7.How aboutdoing sth做某事有困难

8.What aboutdoingsth

9.Have adifficulty doingsth玩得开心

10.Have agood timedoingsth想要做某事

11.Feel likedoingsth禁不住做某事

12.Cant helpdoingsth开始做某事

13.start doingsth继续做某事

14.go ondoingsth介意做某事

15.mind doingsth完毕做某事

16.finish doingsth忙于做某事

17.be busydoingsth

18.see/hear sbdoing看到/听到某人正在做某事

19.remember doingsth记住曾做过某事

20.forget doingsth忘掉曾做过某事

21.try doingsth做某事试试看有何效果

22.mean doingsth意味着做某事

23.cant helpdoingsth禁不住做某事

24.stop doingsth.停止正在做的事

一、语法知识初三上册考试重点知识、时态1名称时间状语使用方法seldom,often,usually every常常性习惯性的动作、week,on Sundays,once aweek客观真理、一般目前时条件或时间状语从句中表达未来...ago,last weekjust nowln+过过去某个事件发生的动作或存一般过去时去的时间,the daybefore在的状态尚目前或现阶段进行的动作或now,at thistime,these days,有其他构造look,listen存在的状态，目前进行时状态动词不用于进行时。