状语从句语法讲义--高三英语复习

状语从句语法【考,点】.根据历年高考试题，将状语从句的考点作了全面的归纳，在九大类别中的考查热点在引导时间、地点、条件、让步、比拟、原因状语从句的连词上出现频率较高让步状语从句和原因状语从句，时间状语从句因为连接词容易出现在一些常用结构里也经常出现.状语从句中的时态、语态、语气，.与其它从句、句型结合起来考查1【定义】状语从句在复合句中作状语，来说明一件事情发生的时间、地点、原因、条件、结果等【分类】根据意义上的不同，状语从句可分为

①时间状语从句

②地点状语从句

③原因状语从句

④目的状语从句

⑤条件状语从句

⑥结果状语从句

⑦让步状语从句

⑧方式状语从句

⑨比拟状语从句-时间状语从句表时间的状语从句可由或when,as,while,whenever,after,before,till until,since,once,as soonas等the moment,by the time,no sooner...than,hardly scarcely...when,every timeWhen,while,as三者都可解释为〃当‘、’的时候”但侧重点有所不同从句中谓语动词可以延续动词也可是瞬间动词1WhenEg:When Iarrived home,1had alittle rest.When I was walkingon thestreet Jmet anold friend.正要做时发生了正在做时发生了突然,这时”be about to dowhen bedoing whenEg:Iwasaboutto go towork when it rained.我正在做作业时，我的最好的朋友来拜访我汉译英备注纵使”有退一步even if/even thoughBfJ^,设想的意味，多用于书面语中

1.She sangshe wentalong.

2.it grewdarker,it becamecolder.

3.he arrivedhome,it wasjust nineoclock.

4.he wasin London,he studiedmusic.

5.1was walkingin theforest alion appearedin frontof me.，Until,not...Untiluntil表示直到才〃在肯定句中主句常用延续性动词；在否认句中主not...until句常用短暂性动词肯定句I waiteduntil midnight.否认句I didnot leaveuntil midnight.注意在句首，主句用局部倒装结构not until...句型与强调句型结合Not untilI didntgo to sleep untilhe came back.-lt wasnot untilhe cameback that I wentto sleep.与倒装句式结合-Not untilhe cameback didI gotosleep.eg:

1.Not untilyou hadexplained theproblem understandit.A had I BI hadC didI DI did

2.It wasnot untilit wasdark hecameback.一…就.As soonasIarrive atChunhui,Til sendyou aSM.句子

①.upon/on+arriving.Immediately/Directly/Instantly+时间名词句子

3.The+minute/moment+.hardly/scarcely...when

⑤.no sooner...than.I hadhardly got home whenit began to rain.=Hardly had I got home whenit begantorain.=No soonerhadI gothomethan itbegan torain.eg:No soonerhadI gothomethan mytelephone rang.Exercise:1Hardly/scarcely homewhenitbegan torain.A didI getB hadIgotC gotI DI didgetbefore

3.It willnot be++before Johnthinks itwont belongbefore heisreadyfor hisnew job.

4.It was+一段时间+before从句did过了.......做了It wassome timebefore herealized whathadhappened.一段时间从句没过做了

5.It wasnot++before didIt wasnot longbeforehereturned.⑸尚未，还没Someone calledme upin themiddle ofthe night,but hehung upbefore Icould answerthephone.since

①.lt is/has been+一段时间+since从句did注意延续性动词:反过来翻译短暂性动词:直译自从我不抽烟已有三年了.It is10years sinceI smoked.=1gave upsmoking/dropped smokingExercise:1As itreported,it is100years TsinghuaUniversity wasfounded.Every time,each time,next timeEvery time youget backat night,you dropyourboots onthe floor.我感冒,EverytimeI havepain inmy back.下次我去那，I willvisit them.-原因状语从句原因状语从句是表示原因或理由的，引导这类从句的最常用的连词是because,since,既然等as,now that⑴回答的疑问句，只能用回答；并且强调句中，对原因状语强调时，只why because能用弓【导，如because It was becauseIgotup latethatIwas latefor class.⑵语气比弱表”既然〃，说明显的原因或事实，总是位于as becausesince=now that,主句前具有时间概念，所引导的谓语动词多为现在时态Now that⑶引导的从句只能放在主句之后,且常常用逗号隔开如:for Itis morningnow,for the再如birds are singing.It musthave rainedlast nightfor theground iswet thismorning.特殊弓导词是复合连词,表I seeing that,in that,considering that,given thatolinthat示“在于，在…方面〃；意为〃既然；〃〃考虑到〃，如4considering that=seeingthat Considering thatI cantaffordanother testfee,I mustpass itthis time.⑶所有引导原因状语的单词，都不能和连用so ExerciseI.The oldman askedLucy tomove toanother chairhe wantedto sitnext tohiswife.A.although B.unless C.because D.iflt washis motherwas badlyill that he wasunhappy.

2.everyone knowsit,I willnot say anything.

3.The daybreaks,the birdsaresinging.三地点状语从句引导地点状语从句的连词是和等where wherever引导的状语从句常放谓语动词之后，没有先行词！有了先行词就是定语从句了，所以状语从Dwhere句中的不能和等互换where inwhich⑵表示“无论什么地方〃，既可引导地点状语从句，也可做让步状语从句.wherever Exercise

1.there isaw Jl|,there isa way.

2.you go,you shouldwork hard.

3.What Ilike mostis that you canuse Englishyou goin theworld.

4.The newteacher was.so wellorganized that she beganwe stoppedyesterday so thatno pointwasleft out.

（四）目的状语从句常用引导词so that,in orderthat特殊弓导词（以防万一）,I lest,in case,for fearthat inthe hopethat,for thepurpose that,to theendthat.Speak clearly,they mayunderstand you.

1.She hasbought thebook shecould followthe TVlessons.

2.He leftearly heshould missthe train.

3.1raised myvoice everyonecould hearme.备注引导目的状语从句，常用情态动词（）（）that/so that/in orderthat maymight/can could/should等连用.

（五）结果状语从句结果状语从句是表示事态结果的从句，通常主句是原因，从句是结果由（从句谓语一般没有情态动词），等引导sothat so...that,such...that的常用句型形容词+可数名词单数

1.Such...that such+a/an++that形容词+可数名词复数（不可数名词）注意（）+名Such++that somany much,few,little词，（或）+名词是惯用法，不可乱用such alot oflots of（那么漂亮的女孩）She isthat weall likeher.（那么美味好吃的食物）It wasthat theyate itup.形容词或副词形容词可数名词单数

2.so++that so++a/an++thatHe isso richthat hecan彳到装buy lotof thingsfor himself.倒装天气是如此地热，以至于我们都去游泳He worksso hardthat hedid everythingwell.了Itwassuchagood daythat weall wentswimming.既可做目的状语从句，也可作结果状语从句关键看是否有情态动词当从

3.sothat句谓语动词有情态动词时，为目的状语从句.假设从句谓语不用情态动词，而多用过去时，那么该句是结果状语从句可以引导结果状语从句

4.Too...to,enough...to She is youngthatshecant goto school.Sheistoo youngto goto school.She isntold enoughtogoto school.例句他不够高去打篮球123EXERCISE:lHe gotup earlythathecaught thefirst bus.2lts agood chancethat wemust notmiss it.

3.1raised myvoice,everyone heardme.4He wasexcited thathe couldntsayaword.5She toldus aninteresting storythat weall forgotthetime.六条件状语从句引导的条件状语从句i if如果你请他帮助,他会帮你的If youask him,he willhelp you,If youfail inthe exam,you willlet himdown.Please callme ifyou comenext week.其他的连词2除非，假设不，除非在…的时候

1.unless conj.You willfail toarrive therein timeunless youstart earlier.如果你不早点动身，你就不能及时赶到那儿.除非下雨，比赛将照常进行Unless it rains,the gamewillbeplayed

①.Although Thoughhe wasover sixty,yet hebegantolearn French.备注不能与连用,但可与或连用though/although butyet still

2.Ill goeven ifthough itrains.即使明天下雨，我也要去tomorrow。