2023年人教版高中英语选择性必修第二册同步培优Unit 3 Reading and Thinking

Unit3Food andCulture七Reading andThinking基础达标练.单词拼写I（主厨）.

1.

1.When itcomes tomy idealjob in the future,I would like to be achef（最彳氏的）

1.81ke sharingprovides alow-carbon wayof gettingaround atminimum cost.（物品）

1.82opping onlinemakes buyingstuff veryconvenient.（菜肴）,

4.ril inviteyou totaste Shanghailocal cuisinesuch assoup dumplingsand springonionpancake.（素食者）

5.This is a lovelyalternative tobeing avegetarian bynot completelyresisting meat.（烹饪）

6.There aremany recipebooks inmy homebecause mymum lovescooking.（垃圾食品）.

7.We shouldnot allowourselves tobe addictedto iunkfood（甘陶

8.The oldman sellssome cabbagesand carrotsin themarket everymorning.肖耗）

9.We shouldenjoy breakfastevery day,because weconsumeC muchenergy whilestudying.（品牌）.

10.A salesgirlnamed Maryserved meand recommendedthis brand单句语法填空n.（）11She waselegantly elegantdressed andwore astring ofpearls aroundher neck.（）

1.1usually buysliced slicebread-its lessbothersome.

3.Prior toHollys birthday,Susan hadbeen aregular visitorin ourhome.（）

4.China hasshown itsdetermination toban theconsumption consumeof wildlifeas food.（）

5.Every classis dividedinto twogroups,each consistingconsist of30students.

6.My mothercut achunk andmy fatherstuffed itinto mymouth.（）

7.Exceptionally exceptionaldry weatherover thepast yearhas reducedagricultural production.（）

1.1hope everyonecan facedifficulties boldlybold andhave abright future.【解析】选C根据下文，MsMattos agreed to do it forfree.（Mattos女士同意免费做手术）”可知,他很感谢故选Amanda Mattos Co o

3.A.rich B.poor C.happy D.big【解析】选根据下文可知,男孩的家庭很B“They couldnt afford thethe dentist said.o贫穷故选BC.at onetime D.hardly

4.A.all thetime B.from timeto time【解析】选根据第一段第一句话（岁的D“Six-year-old Ryan Coutinho wasnt used to smiling.6o以前不习惯笑）”以及空格后可知，他几乎不笑故选Ryan Coutinho“and communicated little”D

5.A.treat B.meet C.save D.research【解析】选根据下文可知,女士想A“They couldntafford the J the dentist said,Mattoso要治疗他故选A

6.A.showed offB.agreed toC.turned downD.hesitated about【解析】选根据下文.可知他的母亲拒绝C“They couldn,tafford theJ thedentistsaidoB.performance故选To CC.service D.activity【解析】选根据上下文可知，这里是指做手术的费用故选A AC.strategy D.experience

8.A.visit B.game【解析】选根据上文（因为蛀牙他拔掉了他的牙D“He hadhis teethpulled outbecause ofcavities齿）”可知，他们仍然被拔掉他的牙齿的经历震撼故选D

9.A.S tartedB.ended C.changed D.spread【解析】选根据上下文可知，母亲因为没有钱，所以拒绝给做手术，所以故事本该到B Ryan此结束了故选B

10.A.school B.clinic CbankD.factory【解析】选根据下文（）（他去这家诊B“He wentto theclinic fora nand metMs Mattosagain.所做检查，再次遇到了女士）”可知，他母亲工作的地方是女士的诊所故选Mattos MattosBoll.A.examination B.decorationC.improvement D.discussion【解析】选A根据下文“I askedhim whathe wanted.He replied:6a smilelike myfriendsJ thedentisto可知，他是去做检查的故选said.A

12.A.ignoredB.abandonedoC.considered D.accepted【解析】选根据下文.D“Then,two daysafter BraziPsChildrens Day,Ryan finallygot a new dentureo（然后，巴西儿童节过后两天,终于有了一副新的假牙）”可知，他的母亲接受了这份善Ryan意故选D

13.A.unnecessary B.efficientC.worth D.random【解析】选根据上文可知，男孩因为有了假牙，可以再次微笑，虽然没有收取任何手术费用,Co但女士认为这是值得的故选MattosCo

14.A.sees B.loses C.shares D.regains【解析】选根据第一段第一句话（岁的D“Six-year-old Ryan Coutinho wasn,tused tosmiling.6o以前不习惯笑）”以及第二段第一句话（现在他爰笑了）”可知，他RyanCoutinho“Now hedoes.重获微笑故选D

15.A.fairness B.honesty C.generosity D.bra very【解析】选根据倒数第四段可知,女士免费给小男孩做手术，这是一种慷慨的行为C Mattoso故选co完成句子ni.

1.D helpme withthis mathsproblem.务必帮我解答这道数学题

2.The activityconsists ofmany parts,including singingEnglish songsand playingwestern classicalmusicand folkmusic.这个活动由很多部分组成,包括唱英文歌，表演西方古典音乐和民族音乐

3.1am interestedin makingChinese dim sum,cakes andbread.我的兴趣是做中式点心、蛋糕和面包

4.After thelong journey,they wentback home,huiiqry andtired.长途旅行过后，他们回到了家，又饿又累

5.Since youhave nodriving license,you arenot allowedto drive.因为你没有驾驶执照，所以不允许你开车结合课文主题，使用本单元词汇与句型写一篇词左右的短文IV.

80.中国菜在全世界都很受欢迎1cuisine.外国人认为，中餐因其颜色、食材的多样性及口味而闻名2ingredient.国外有很多中餐馆，为了迎合当地人的口味，那里的厨师可能不会按照正宗的中国菜谱3chef来烹饪中国菜recipe

4.所以，在来中国之前prior⑹,你可能没有机会体验到地道的中国食物，如北京烤鸭、饺子、广东的精美点心、山东的煎饼卷大葱等elegant dimsum Chinesegreen onion.所以，欢迎到中国来享用中国菜，更多地了解中国文化5Chinese cuisineis popularall over the world.Chinese mealsare famousamong foreignersfor theiicolors,varieties ofingredients andflavouis.Theie aremany Chinese[estauiants abroadwhere thechefsprobably dontcook Chinesedishes followingthe authentic Chinese recipein ordeito suit local peoplestaste.So,prior tocoming to China,you mayhave nochance toexperience theauthenticChinesefoodsuch asPeking Duck,dumplings,Guangdongs elegantdimsum,Shandongs pancakerolls stuffedwithsliced Chinesegreen onionsand soon.So welcometoChinato enjoyChinese cuisineand learnmoreabout Chineseculture.能力提升练.阅读理解IA台州市月期末][20232•From chocolatetoothpaste in the Philippinesto saltand vinegarpotato chipsin the UK,productspopular inone placeoften receivea coolreception elsewhere.lt of course posesa challengeto foodcompaniesseeking toexport theirbrands.The snack-food companyFrito-Lay addressesthe issueby discoveringthe best-loved flavours in eachof their markets.So whilecheese,spicy chilliand barbecueare popularflavoursinthe USA,Turkey goesforyogurt.The Frenchprefer oliveand Japaneselike sushiflavours.But allof themare soldunder thegloballyfamiliar Doritosbrand.Frito-Lay,s understandingof localtastes aroundthe world—and thesuccessfuladaptation of their product—has madeDoritos one of the worlds most popular snack foods.Everyone everywhereloves ice cream,it seems.The Anglo-Dutch foodgiant Unileversells itin over40countries.The companyused tosell theirice creamunder alot ofdifferent brands,which createdthe（标志）sense that the companieswere local.In1998,the companylaunched the“Heartbrand”logo toincreaseinternational brandawareness,but keptthe familiarlocal namesfor theicecreamproducts.Thishelped avoidthe problemof somenames notsounding goodin otherlanguages.So inBulgaria andGreece,you buyAlgida,but inChina,Malaysia,Singapore andtheUK,its Wairs.（榴莲）,There aresome productsthat willalways remainat home,such as the durianknown as thethe kingof fruitsin itshomeland of Southeast Asia.The fruifsmost notablefeature isits strongsmell,described bysome asthat ofrotten onionsand byothers asold gymsocks,though it is saidto tastedeliciousby itsfans.Though somedurians aregrown outsideofSoutheast Asia,the onlyplace thefruitenjoys anywide popularityat allis inSoutheastAsiaand eventhere,some peoplecant standit!So dontexpectto seedurians in your local supermarket anytime soon.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是一些食品公司如何应对人们对食物的不同的偏爰的挑战

1.What doesthe underlinedword“It”in Paragraph1refer toA.The snackculture.B.The coldwelcome.C.The foodpreference.D.The globalpopularity.【解析】选C代词指代题根据第一段的“From chocolatetoothpaste...a coolreception elsewhere/5可知，不同地方的人对食物的口味有不同的偏好指代的是人们对食物的偏爰即食物偏好二正It是这种对食物的偏好对寻求出口品牌的食品公司构成了挑战故选co

2.Why isFrito-Lay sosuccessfulA.They providechips ofhigh quality.B.They makesnacks tosuitlocaltastes.C.They unitemarkets ofdifferent countries.D.They useadvertising tobuild newbrands.【解析】选细节理解题根据第二段的和B“The snack-food company...in eachof theirmarkets.”可知,如此成功是“Frito-Lays understanding...one of theworldsmostpopularsnackfoods.”Frito-Lay因为他们制作适合当地口味的小吃故选Bo

3.What isUnilevers icecream calledin SingaporeA.Anglo-Dutch.B.Algida.C.Heartbrand.D.WalPs.【解析】选细节理解题根据第三段的.和D“Everyone everywhere...in over40countries Soino可知,联合利华的冰淇淋在新加坡被称为故选Bulgaria andGreece...ifs Wall*”Walls,D

4.What isthe lastparagraph mainlyaboutA.Durians5sales dilemma.B.Durians,nutritional value.C.Durians,smell problems.D.Durians9attractive features.【解析】选段落大意题根据最后一段的A“Though somedurians...inyourlocalsupermarketany「可知，最后一段主要讲的是榴莲的销售困境故选time soonA（）Why bothercooking Youdont havetime,ofcourseor youthink youdont;thafs thebig reason.But youalso dontdo itas wellastheprofessionals,so justlet themhandle itfor you.Or atleast letthem（食品组装店）give youa headstart inthe formof meal-assembly shopsand canned,frozen andpre-chopped ingredients.Michael Pollanthinks youshould bother.His latestbook,Cooked,isapowerfulargument fora returnto homecooking.Scores offood writersand editors,myself included,have longmourned forthe increaseof散退）companies onthe publicsdiet.We haveseen the slow retreatGfrom thekitchen asprimarycontributor toAmericas obesityand otherhealth andenvironmental problems.But perhapsonly Pollancanso effectivelypick upthe cluesof somany foodmovements,philosophies andresearch papersandturn theminto apersuasive narrativewith aclear message.He writes,The bestway torecover therealityof food,to returnit toits properplace inour livesis byattempting tomaster thephysical processesbywhich ithas traditionallybeen made.”Dont challengehim.Because ofthe powerof hiswriting,Cooked mayprove tobe justas influentialasPollans anotherbook,The Omnivores Dilemma,possibly thesingle most-quoted textby thosecaringabout howour eatingchoices affectthe planet.As inThe Omnivores Dilemma,Pollan knowsthat hisreliability dependson awillingness to（来自实践的）practice whathe urges,so in Cooked hetakes justas muchof ahands-on approach as hesuggestshis readersdo.He dividesthe bookinto foursections:in thiscase,the classical（炖）,elements offire,water,air andearth.Each representsa typeof cooking—barbecue,braising baking（发酉孝）一and fermentationand,asthebooks subtitlepromises,cooking isno lessthan atransformationof natureinto foodand drink.【文章大意】这是一篇书评文章介绍了一本烹饪类书籍——《烹》

5.Which ofthe followingis PollansadviceA.Turning toprofessionals forhelp.B.Learning theprocesses ofcooking.C.Carrying outmany foodmovements.D.Understanding philosophiesabout food.【解析】选细节理解题根据第二段中最后一句（让食物回归现实，让它回到我们生活中合Bo适的位置，最好的方法是尝试掌握食物传统制作的物理过程）可知，波伦建议大家学习烹饪，故选Bo

6.What canwe inferaccording toCooked^A.This bookis aboutthe dilemmaof homecooking.B.The authoradvocates apractice-oriented approach.C.The authoraims toexpress concernovertheplanet.D.This bookshows theauthors reliabilityon willingness.【解析】选推理判断题根据最后一段中B“so inCooked hetakes justas muchof ahands-ono（所以在《烹》一书中他就像他建议读者那样，采取了亲身实approachashe suggestshis readersdo践的方法）”可知，这本书的作者提倡以实践为导向，故选B（）

7.Which sectionis likelyto mention“fbrmentatiorT inPara.4inCooked^A.Air.B.Fire.C.Earth.D.Water.【解析】选细节理解题根据最后一段（他把这本书分为四个部分:火、水、气和土这四个经c典元素每个代表一种烹饪方式:烤、炖、烘焙和发酵）可知,对应的是部分，fermentation Aarth”故选Co

8.Where doesthe textmost likelyoriginate fromA.A bookreview.B.A recipebook.C.A healthguidebook.D.A scientificjournal.【解析】选推理判断题文章主要介绍了一本书——《烹》，故而可以判断本文最有可能Ao源自一篇书评故选Ao七选五n.How tostop mindless eating（暴食）Are youtrying tomanage yourweight ora healthproblem,but findyourself guzzlinga bagofcrisps1Put downthe devices.Its toocommon tochat through your phoneas youhave your meal,but itcan makefor mindlesseating.Studies havefound thatwe canput awayas muchas25percent morecalories if we concentrate ona phone,tablet ortelevision atthe sametime.2So eat atatable,preferably with a partner,friend orthewhole family.3（预先包装好的食品）,Do you tend tochoose theprepackaged foodswhich arebelieved tobehealthy foodslike cerealbars andlow-fat readymeals Thesemeals andsnacks arentalways asnutritiousas youmight think,even ifthey seemtobebeneficial toyour diet.Stop rightthere.4And ask yourself whetheryoure stillhungry orclose tobeing full.Are youenjoying thetaste ofwhatyoure eating,rather thanjust eatingit upIonce wentto aFrench weddingwhere theguests hadsix coursesover sixhours,withabreak forentertainmentbetween eachone.I neverfelt full.There wassomething abouttheslowspeed ofthe mealthatmade itmore satisfyingbut lessfull.It takesaround20minutes foryour brainto realizethat yourstomachis full.5Youll alsoenjoy yourmeal more.If youdo findyourself overeating,stop andaskyourselfif youare bored,worried ordepressed.Onceyou identifythe reasonbehind yourmindlesseating,youre ina betterposition toput astop toit.A.Be aware ofthe“healthy choice.B.Know whatyoure reallyhungry for.C.Worse still,it ismost likelythat you eat morelater inthe day.D.Heres howto reallyfocus onthe rightfood inthe right amounts.E.And whenyoure diningout,simply bemore interestedinthe food.F.To be really awareofthefood youre eating,stop halfwaythroughyourmeal.【文章大意】本文G.So ifyou eat more slowly,you tendto eatless andfeel readyto eatagain sooner.是一篇说明文文章介绍了如何停止盲目进食【解析】选根据下文对各种策略的介绍可知,选项1D DHeres howto reallyfocus onthe rightfood•（下面就是如何真正关注摄入适量的正确食物的方法）承上启下，符合题意intherightamounts.故选D【解析】选根据上文

2.C“Studies havefound thatwe canput awayas muchas25percent morecalories可知，研究发现如果我们吃饭时ifweconcentrateona phone,tablet ortelevision atthe sametime.”专注于电子产品,容易吃更多的食物由此可知,选项C Worsestill,itismost likelythat youeatmore（更糟糕的是，你很有可能在一天的晚些时候吃得更多）符合题意故选later inthe day.C.【解析】选本段在讲述“健康”的食物选择由此可知,选项.3A ABe awareofthe“healthy”choiceo（意识到“健康”的选择）适合作本段主旨句，符合题意故选Ao【解析】选凡根据本段主旨句位即停止）”可知，此处在讲述吃东西的过程中4“Stop rightthere••停下来，思考一下由此可知,选项F Tobereallyawareofthefoodyoureeating,stop halfwaythrough（为了真正了解你正在吃的食物,吃到一半时停下来）符合题意故选yourmeal.F【解析】选根据上文可知，此处在讲述放慢用餐速度的好处由此可知,选项

5.G GSo ifyoueat（所以，如果你吃得慢一点，你就more slowly,youtendto eatless andfeel readyto eatagain sooner.会吃得更少,而且很快就会准备好再吃）符合题意故选G完形填空HLSix-year-old RyanCoutinho wasntusedtosmiling.He felt]after losing almost all his teeth at theageof three.Now hedoes.And heis always2to Amanda Mattos.（蛀牙）.The boylives ina3family.He hadhis teethpulled outbecause ofcavities Onlya fewonhis lowerpart remained.Ms Mattos,25,met Ryanattheboys schoolfbr thefirst timetwo yearsago,where Ryansteacher toldMattos he4smiled andcommunicatedlittle.Ms Mattoswouldliketo5the boyaftercontacting his mother,but hismother6the offer.They couldntaffordthe7Jthedentistsaid.Theywere stillshaken bythe8that tookhis teethout.”Ryans storycould have9here.But twoyears later,by accident,hismothergot ajob asa cleaneratthe10,which Ms Mattos owns.The boyhad apain inoneofhis remainingteeth.He wentto theclinic for（）an11and metMs Mattosagain.I askedhim whathe wanted.He replied:a smilelike myfriendsJthe dentistsaid.MsMattosagreedtodoitfor free.The motherhappily12the kindness.取牙）.Then,two daysafter BrazilsChildrens Day,Ryan finallygot anew denture[“We allcried.It wasvery movingJ Ryansmother said.“All thisis13J MsMattos says.“Isnt itpleasant ifsomeone14smile becauseof your15”【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文文章主要讲述岁的因为蛀牙几乎失去了所有的6RyanCoutinho牙齿，但是家里很穷，没钱做手术，所以他几乎不微笑，但是一位好心的女士AmandaMattos为他提供了免费的牙齿手术，从此小男孩变得爱笑了l.A.upset B.happyC.thankful D.confident【解析】选根据下文可知他很难过°故选A“losingalmostallhisteethatthe ageof three”A

2.A.o osympatheticB.hateful C・gratefulD.sensitive。