还剩16页未读，继续阅读
本资源只提供10页预览，全部文档请下载后查看！喜欢就下载吧，查找使用更方便
文本内容:
年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（北京卷）2022英语本试卷共11页，共100分考试时长90分钟考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题L5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑One Monday morning,while thechildren wereenjoying freeplay”,I steppedto the doorway of the classroomtotake abreak.Suddenly,I]a movementof the heavy wooden door.This wasthe verydoor I（寒意）2guided thechildren throughto ensuretheir safetyfrom thebitter cold.I felta chillgo throughmybody.My legscarried me to thatdoor,and Ipushed itopen.Tt wasone ofmy kindergartenerswho Ithought was3that day.He hadbeen droppedoff atschool late and was4to open the door.He musthave beenwaiting therefor quitea while!Without aword,I rushedhim to the hospital.He was treated forfrostbiteon hishands.Hed need time to5,and wouldntcome forclass thenext day,Ithought.The nextmorning,one of the firstto6was mylittle frostbittenboy.Not only did he run in with energy,but his7could beheard asloud asever!I gavehim awarm hugand toldhim how8Iwas tosee him.His wordshave stayedwith me all theseyears,“I knewyou wouldopenthedoor.”That coldMondaymorning,he waiteda long,long whilefor adultsto9,To achild,every minutefeelslike forever.He didntattempt towalk backhome;he waited and trusted.This five-year-old taughtmeapowerfullesson in
10.
1.A.caused B.spotted C.checked D.imagined
2.A.hesitantly B.randomly C.dizzily D.carefully
3.A.angry B.absent C.special D.noisy
4.A.courageous B.content C.unable D.unwilling
5.A.recover B.play C.change D.wait
6.A.settle B.gather C.arrive D.react【答案解析】【答案】l.B
2.D
3.B
4.C
5.A
6.C
7.D
8.B
9.A
10.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文一个小男孩上学去晚了，被关在了门外，小男孩推不开们，于是大冬天的在门外等了很久，直到老师不经意间发现门有动静，才注意到他被关在门外小男孩坚定地相信老师会给他开门，这种信念让老师一直铭记于心【题详解】1考查动词词义辨析句意突然，我注意到那扇沉重的木门动了一下引起、使发生；看见、A.caused B.spotted注意到；检查、核对；想象根据后面的可知，此C.checked D.imagined“a movementof theheavy woodendoor.处表示看到门动了下，符合语境故选项spot B【题详解】2考查副词词义辨析句意这正是那扇我小心翼翼地领着孩子们穿过，以确保他们不受严寒侵袭的门A.hesitantly迟疑地、踌躇地；随机地；头晕眼花地;小心地、谨慎地根据后面的B.randomly C.dizzily D.carefully“to ensure可知，要确保孩子们不受严寒侵袭，说明是小心翼翼地领着孩子们通过，their safetyfrom thebitter cold.”carefully符合语境故选项D【题详解】3考查形容词词义辨析句意是我幼儿园的一个孩子，我以为他那天没来生气的、愤怒的；A.angry B.absent缺席的、不在的；特殊的、特别的；嘈杂的、聒噪的根据下文的C.special D.noisy“He hadbeen droppedoff atschool可知，是小男孩来晚了，又开不了门，所以老师以为他没来，此处符合lateandwas4to openthedoor.”absent语境故选项B【题详解】4考查形容词词义辨析句意他很晚才被送到学校，打不开门勇敢的；满足的、满意A.courageous B.content的；无法胜任的、不会的；不愿意的根据上文的.”和下文的C.unable D.unwilling“theheavywoodendoor“He must可知，门很重，小男孩打不开，所以才在门外等了很久，此处指“打不have beenwaiting therefor quitea while!”开门”，符合语境故选项unable C【题详解】5考查动词词义辨析句意他需要时间恢复，我想他第二天不会来上课了恢复、康复；玩闹、A.recover B.play戏弄；改变；等待根据前面的可知，小男孩手冻伤C.change D.wait Hewastreatedfor frostbiteon hishands.”了，所以需要时间恢复，此处符合语境故选项recover A【题详解】6考查动词词义辨析句意第二天早上，我那冻伤的小男孩是第一批赶到的人之一解决、定居；Asettle B.gather聚集、召集；到达;反应根据下文可知，小男孩精力充沛C.arrive D.react“Not onlydid herun inwith energy,地跑了进来，说明是来了学校，故此处指第一批到达学校的人，应用故选项arrive C题详解】7考查名词词义辨析句意他不仅精力充沛地跑了进来，而且他的笑声还像以前一样响亮！打喷嚏；A.sneeze哭泣;抱怨;笑声根据前面的可知，小男孩精B.weep C.complaint D.laughter Notonlydidheruninwithenergy”力充沛地跑了进来,说明身体恢复好了,结合后面的可知此处应指“笑声和以前“could beheard asloud asever”I,一样响亮”，符合语境故选项laughter D【题详解】8考查形容词词义辨析句意我给了他一个温暖的拥抱，告诉他我很高兴见到他幸运的；A.lucky B.开心的、幸福的；好奇的；紧张的、担忧的根据上文，happy C.curious D.nervous“He dneedtime to5,and wouldn^come forclass thenext day,Ithought.可知，作者以为小男孩不会来学校，所以看到小男孩的时候，应该是开心的，符合语境故选项happy B【题详解】9考查短语辨析句意在那个寒冷的周一早晨，他等了很久很久，才等到大人的出现露面，出现；A.show up拔起、停下来；举起、阻挡；排队根据上下文语义可知，小男孩在门口等了很B.pull upC.hold upD.line up久，才等到大人出现给他开门，此处用符合语境故选项show upA【题详解】10考查名词词义辨析句意这个五岁的孩子给我上了一堂关于信念的有力的课感激；gratitude B.宽恕；信任、信念；善良、仁慈根据前面forgiveness C.faith D.kindness“He didntattempt towalk backhome;he可知，小男孩在门口等了很久，却没有试图回家，说明小男孩有很强的的信念，故此处指老waitedandtrusted.师从小男孩身上学到了一些关于信念的东西，此处指“关于信念的课”，符合语境故选项faith C【答案】
11.in
12.to harm13caught【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文文章主要讲述的是海伦在夜间独行时的一段经历【题详解】11考查介词句意深夜，海伦抱着购物袋走在街上意为“在晚上”，固定搭配故in the evening in【题详解】12考查非谓语动词句意海伦担心他可能有意伤害她，便开始快跑分析句子结构，可知空处应填非谓语动词的形式，.意为“有意向做某事”，固定搭配，不定式作后置定语故填have anintention to do sthto harm题详解】33考查动词时态句意最终，那个男人追上了她，他只是想把她的钱包还给她！结合句意空处应填谓语动词的形式，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时故填caught【答案】
14.supported15whether
16.has【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文介绍的是人们更喜欢一些味道而不是其它的味道的一个原因，是因为人们对气味的偏好是习得的，这个理论也是越来越多地被专家支持的【题详解】14考查非谓语动词句意被专家越来越多地支持的一个理论表明气味的偏好是习得的分析句子结构可知，空格处的动词做非谓语，结合空格后的可判断出该处意为“被专家们支持，所以空格处应用过去分词by experts表被动故填supported【题详解】15考查宾语从句的引导词句意解释我们怎样确定气味是不是危险的是容易的我们学习到的分析句子结构可知，空格前的为及物动词，空格后是主+系+表的句子结构，所以空格处的词用来引导宾语从句再determine结合句意及空格后句子中的可知，此处考查的搭配故填or notwhether…or notwhether【题详解】16考查主谓一致句意气体本来没有可识别的味道分析句子结构可知空格处的动词作谓语，本句话是在陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时态，且主语在本文中指的是气体的统称，为不可数名词，所以谓语动词要用单gas三形式故填has【答案】
17.themselves
18.which
19.worse
20.has increased【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文讲述了人们在点外卖的同时，也增加了塑料产品的使用，造成了环境污染【详解】.考查反身代词句意因为人们不能总是在外面吃饭或者为他们自己做饭，所以他们叫外卖或者1叫外卖空处在句中作介词的宾语，当主语和宾语为同一物时，宾语要用反身代词所以此处要用反身代for词故填themselveso themselveso.考查定语从句句意这包括杯子、瓶子和袋子，其中大多数（东西）只有一种用途分析可知，2most of are在句中为非限制性定语从句；先行词为在从句中only goodfor oneuse cups,bottles,and bags,作介词的宾语，所以此处用关系代词故填of whichwhich.考查比较级句意这是个大问题，而且越来越严重“甚至”常置于比较级前，所以此处用故3even worse,填worseo.考查现在完成时句意自从年，那些塑料的使用已经增加了根据句中可知此处42019300%since2019,用现在完成时主语为单数含义，助动词用故填The useof thoseplastics hashas increased【答案】2LD
22.B
23.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文主要介绍了同伴辅助学习课程（）PASS【题详解】21细节理解题根据第三段Its anopportunity todeepen yourunderstanding of the keypoints fromlecture materials while（这是一个机会，在你运用技能解决问题的同时，加深你对课堂材you areapplying yourskills tosolve problems.料关键点的理解）”可知，在同伴辅助学习课程中，学生运用技能解决问题故选Do【题详解】22细节理解题根据Waiting lists部分（如果课程满员，“If a session is full,you canregister for the waiting list.您可以注册等待列表）”可知，如果某一课程满员，可以注册等待列表故选B【题详解】23细节理解题根据Deregistering部分“If youmiss twoPASS sessionsin arow,you willbe deregisteredand your（如果您连续错过两次课程，您将被取消注册，你的位置将分配place willbe givento someoneon the waiting list.给等待名单上的某个人”可知，如果学生连续错过两次课程，将被取消注册故选D【答案】
24.C
25.A
26.B
27.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文文章主要讲述作者通过参加保护自然活动治愈好了自己的焦虑【题详解】24细节理解题由文章第一段“My perfectionisttendencies were the main root of this:I wantedto beperfect atwhatever（我的完美主义倾向是这一点的主要根源无论我I did,which obviouslyin lifeis notpossible,but itconsumed me.做什么，我都想做到完美，这在生活中显然是不可能的，但它消耗了我）”可知，是要求完美导致了焦虑故选项C【题详解】25细节理解题由文章第二段“One day,I attendeda presentationby wildlifeconservationist Grant Brown atmy highschool.His presentationnot onlyawed and inspired me,but alsohelped emergean innerdesire tomake adifference in the（一天，我在高中参加了野生动物保护主义者的演讲他的演讲不仅让我感到敬畏和鼓舞，world.Grant Brown还帮助我产生了一种内在的愿望，希望在世界上有所作为）”和文章第三段“Shortly afterI receivedhis invitation,applications tojoin the Youth forNature andtheYouth for Planet groups weresentaround throughmy highschool.I decided to committo completingthe applications,and soonI was a part of a.（在我收至他的邀请后不久，我的高中就收到了growing global team of young people working to protect natureU加入和组织的申请我决定致力于完成这些申请，很快我就成为了一个日益“Youth forNature”“Youth forPlane”壮大的全球年轻人保护自然团队的一员）可知，是让作者开始为从事保护自然地活动中故选”GrantBrown项A【题详解】26细节理解题由文章第三段“I decidedto committo completingthe applications,and soonI wasa part of agrowing（我决globalteam ofyoung people working to protect nature.Each of these newsteps continuedto grow my confidence.定完成申请，很快我就成为了一个不断壮大的全球年轻人保护自然团队的一员每一步都让我更加自信）”可知，加入这些活动让她变得更自信了故选项Alice B【题详解】27推理判断题由第一段（削弱）“Early lastyear,I wastroubled by an anxietythat crippledmy abilityto doanything.（去年年初，我被一种焦虑困扰，它削弱了我做任何事情的能力）由I feltlike a storm cloud hung over me.”o文章第三段“I decidedto committo completingthe applications,and soonI wasa part of agrowing globalteam ofyoung（我决定完成申请，很快peopleworkingtoprotectnature.Each of these newsteps continuedto growmy confidence.我就成为了一个不断壮大的全球年轻人保护自然团队的一员每一步都让我更加自信）可知，文章主要讲述作者通过参加保护自然活动治愈好了自己的焦虑所以从文章中我们能学到行动是忧虑最大的敌人故选项C【答案】
28.C
29.A
30.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文文章主要介绍了解决全球挑战的重要方法——系统思维题详解】[28推理判断题由文章第一段“What wouldthe worldbe ifthere wereno hungerIts aquestion thatProfessor Crystalwould ask her students.They foundit hardto answer,she wrotelater,because imaginingsomething thatisnt part of reallife-and learninghow tomake it real-is arare skill.It istaught toartists andengineers,but muchless oftento scientists.Crystal set out to change that,and helpedto createa globalmovement.The result——an approach known as systems（“如果没有饥饿,世界会是什么样子？”这是thinking——is nowseen asessential inmeeting global challenges.教授会问学生的问题她后来写道，他们发现很难回答这个问题，因为想象一些不属于现实生活的东西，Crystal并学习如何将其变成现实是一项罕见的技能它被教授给艺术家和工程师，但很少教授给科学家着手Crystal改变这种状况，并帮助创建了一个全球运动结果，一种被称为系统思维的方法现在被视为应对全球挑战的关键）”可知，文章开头提出问题是为了引出话题-系统思维的方法被视为应对全球挑战的关键故选项C【题详解】29细节理解题由文章第三段“This showsthat wehave someway totravel beforeachieving the first objective of systems.（这表明，在实现系统t hinking-which,in thisexample,is to identify moreconstituent partsof the nutrition system思考的第一个目标之前，我们还有一段路要走——在本例中，这是为了确定营养系统的更多组成部分）可知，”实现系统思维的第一个目标还有一段路需要走，现尚未实现故选项A【题详解】30推理孚断题由文章第一段U Crystal setout tochangethat,and helpedto createa globalmovement.The result-an（着手改变这种状approachknown assystems thinking-is nowseen asessential inmeeting globalchallenges.Crystal况，并帮助创建了一个全球运动结果，一种被称为系统思维的方法现在被视为应对全球挑战的关键）可知，”作者认为该系统能应用于解决挑战故选项B【答案】31A
32.C
33.A
34.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文主要论述了“量子计算真的会像它的宣传那样成功吗？”，计算机科学家克里斯•约翰逊和物理学家菲利普•泰勒分别阐明了自己的观点【题详解】31推理判断题根据第三自然段“As quantum computing attractsmore attention and funding,researchers maymisleadinvestors,journalists,the publicand,worst ofall,themselves about their workspotential.If researcherscant keeptheir（随着量子计算吸引了更多promises,excitement mightgive way to doubt,disappointment andanger,Johnson warns.的关注和资金，研究人员可能会误导投资者、记者、公众，最糟糕的是，他们自己的工作潜力约翰逊警告说，如果研究人员不能兑现承诺，兴奋可能会让位于怀疑、失望和愤怒）”根据最后一段“But I trust Taylor,just as（但我相信泰勒，就像我相信约翰逊一样）可知，关于约翰逊的担忧，作者是支持的ItrustJohnson.A.sympathetic同情的，赞同的；不关心的；怀疑的；激动的故选B.unconcerned C.doubtful D.excited A【题详解】32细节理解题根据倒数第二段（幅度“The company,he says,is closerthan anyother firmby avery largemargin ytobuilding a“useful“quantum computer,one that“solves animpactful problemthat wewould not have beenable tosolveotherwise.He adds,People willnaturally discount my opinions,but Ihave spenta lotof timequantitatively comparing（他说，这家公司比其他任何公司都“在很大程度上”接近于制造出“有用的”what we are doingwith others.量子计算机，它“解决了一个有影响力的问题，否则我们无法解决这个问题”他补充说“人们自然会不相信我的观点，但我已经花了很多时间来定量地比较我们与他人的做法）”可知，泰勒对量子计算的乐观来源于他对的信心故选PyQuantum C题详解】[33词义猜测题根据第三自然段“But somethingabout quantum computing makesit especiallyprone tohype,Johnsonsuggests,perhaps because“quantum standsfor somethingcool youshouldnt beable to understand.^^（但约翰逊表明，量子计算的某些方面使得它特别被炒作，可能是因为“量子”代表了一些你不应该理prone解的酷东西”）”可知，本句中含有一个原因状语从句，因为““量子”代表了一些你不应该理解的酷东西”，所以它特别容易被炒作故意为“易于……的,开放的；易受损害的；酷的;prone A.Open B.Cool.C.Useful.有用的；有抵抗力的故选D.Resistant.A【题详解】34主旨大意题根据第二自然段“Now,big techcompanies haveinvested in quantum computing,as havemany smallerones.According toBusiness Weekly,quantum machinescould help us“cure cancer,and eventake stepsto turnclimate（炒作）（现在，大型科技公司和许change in the opposite direction.This is the sortof hypethat annoysJohnson.^多小型公司都在量子计算领域进行了投资据《商业周刊》报道，量子机器可以帮助我们“治愈癌症，甚至采取措施将气候变化转向相反的方向这种炒作让约翰逊感到恼火）”以及最后一段“CouldPyQuantum really be leading all the competition“by awide margin”,as Taylorclaims Idont know.Im certainlynot（真的能像泰勒所说的那样“以going toadvise myfriend or anyone elseto investin quantumcomputers.PyQuantum巨大的优势”领先所有竞争对手吗？我不知道我当然不会建议我的朋友或其他人投资量子计算机但我信任泰勒，就像我信任约翰逊一样）”可知，本文主要论述了“量子计算真的会像它的宣传那样成功吗？”，计算机科学家克里斯•约翰逊和物理学家菲利普•泰勒分别阐明了自己的观点所以短文的最佳标题为“量子计算真的会像它的宣传那样成功吗？故选D【答案】
35.G
36.B
37.D
38.F
39.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文文章主要讲的是健康和健身之间密不可分的关系以及我们应该通过哪些健身的方式来让自己有一个健康的身体【题详解】35根据空前uHealth and fitness helpa personlive a good andhealthy life.Often dueto variouspressures,we tendto ignore（健康和健身帮助一个人过上良好和健康的生活由于各种各样的压力，我们往往会忽视自己的健康）”our health.可知因为各种压力，我们的健康容易被忽视，根据空后“It isthe Etnesslevel of our bodythat helpsus fightthese.（正是我们身体的健康水平帮助我们对抗这些疾病）可知身体的健康可以让我们应对各种疾病，空diseases”处承上启下，所以空处应该讲忽视健康对我们的身体及生活的影响项G“This makesour bodysuffer andwe will（这使我们的身体遭受痛苦，而且我们会感染其他疾病）”承接上文，引出下文，而且catch other diseases.G项中的与空后的相互照应，符合上下文语境故选项otherdiseasesthese diseasesG【题详解】36根据空后“We needto befit tohave ahealthy body.Similarly,if weare healthywe shallnaturally beattracted towards（为了拥有一个健康的身体我们需要健康同样，如果我们是健康的，我们自maintaining the fitness of our body.然会被保持健康的身体所吸引）”可知健康的身体与健身是密不可分的，空处位于句首，应是本段的主旨句，项（健康和健身是相互关联的）概括全段的主要内容，符合B“Health andfitness areinterrelated toeach other.”上下文语境故选项B【题详解】37根据空前u Health isthe state of our body at a given time.We maynot have any diseasebut stillhave a weak body,which（健康是在特定时间内我们身体的状态我们可能没有任何疾病，但身体仍然虚is ready to be targeted by viruses.弱，随时会被病毒攻击）”可知我们的身体虽然没有生病，但也很虚弱，随时会生病，根据空后“This doesnot（这并不一定意味着我们不健康）可知生病并不一定表明我们是不健康definitely mean that weare not healthy.”的空处承上启下，所以空处应该举例说明我们的身体在虚弱的情况下会生病这样一种状况，项D“For instance,（例如，我们可能很容易感冒）举例说明我们的身体会在虚弱的we mayhave atendency tocatch acold easily.”情况下生病，承接上文，引出下文，而且空后的指代项的这This Dwe mayhave atendency tocatch acold easily种情况，符合上下文语境故选项D【题详解】38根据空前.（对每个人来说，花些时间在健康“It isimportant foreveryone todevote sometime tohealth andfitness和健身方面是很重要的）”可知我们应该花时间去健身，根据空后uFor instance,we mustexercise daily regardless（例如，我们必须每天锻炼，不管我们的年龄和工作方式）”可知我们应该每天of ourage andworking style.坚持锻炼，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是我们应该通过哪些活动来进行锻炼，项F.（在我们的生活中有一些活动是每个人都应该做“There aresome activitieswhich everyoneshould doin ourlife的）”承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境故选项F【题详解】39根据空前（免疫）“We shouldhave at least sixto eighthours ofsleep everyday.It helps in improvingour immunesystem（我们每天至少应该有到个小时的睡眠它有助于改善我们的免疫and protects us against diseases.68系统，保护我们抵抗疾病）”可知我们应该保障充足的睡眠，根据空后“This,in turn,gives usnew goalsof health.（这反过来又给了我们健康和健身的新目标）可知充足的睡眠会对我们的健康和健身目标很有好andfitness”处，空处承上启下，所以空处应该继续讲充足的睡眠的好处，项.C“It alsohelps inkeeping uscalm andrelaxes ourmind（它也帮助我们保持冷静和放松我们的大脑）”进一步讲了充足的睡眠对于我们的好处，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境故选项C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文文章讲述岁的汤姆看到自己学校的学生喝含糖的饮料，随后发明了一种适合所15有年龄的人们可以喝的无糖的健康饮料【题详解】考查细节理解根据第一段第一句（创业者）,40“Tom,a15-year-old inventorand entrepreneurwitnessedat his（汤姆，一个岁的发明家和企业家，在他自own schoolthe widespreadconsumption ofsugary drinks by kids.15己的学校目睹了孩子们大量消费含糖饮料）可知，作为岁的发明家和创业者，汤姆在学校目睹了孩子们广泛15消费含糖饮料故答案为Tom witnessedthe widespreadconsumption ofsugary drinksby kidsat hisown school.题详解】[41考查细节理解根据第二段第一句中（汤姆看着他的“Tom watchedhis mummake healthyfruit infusions妈妈制作健康的水果饮料）第二句From observinghis mumand from his desire to give kids better drink options,he（从观察他的母亲和他要给孩子们更好的饮料选择的愿望，came up with his original model for the Fun Bottle.”他想出了他的原始模型的）可知，汤姆在观察母亲制作水果饮料的过程中得到启发，才有了Fun BottleFun Bottle的原始模型故答案为Tom gotthe ideafrom observinghis mummake healthyfruit infusionsbut thenstruggle foratake-along option.【题详解】考查细节理解根据第四段中42“but this15-year-old ismost proud of theopportunities thatFun Bottlepresents to others.It helpsto providehealthy alternativesto sugary drinks;and alsoTom donatespartof the profitsto the（）（但是这个岁的孩子最感到自豪的是带给其他人Organisation fora HealthierGeneration OHG.15Fun Bottle的机会它有助于对含糖饮料提供健康的替代品而且汤姆还捐赠了部分利润为一个名为的组织）可知，OHG汤姆把自己产品的部分利润，并非全部利润，捐给了所以错误在于应修改为OHG all the profits,“partoftheprofits v，故答案为Tom ismost proudoftheopportunities thatFun Bottlepresents to
7.A.sneeze B.weep C.complaint D.laughter
8.A.lucky B.happy C.curious D.nervous
9.A.show upB.pull upC.hold upD.line up
10.A.gratitude B.forgiveness C.faith D.kindness第二节（共10小题；每小题L5分，共15分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空在未给提示词的空白处仅填写个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用1括号内所给词的正确形式填空Helen waswalking downthe streetlate11theevening,her armsfilled withgrocery bags.Focused onbalancing thebags,she didntnotice her wallet fallingout ofher pocket.As Helenwalked on,she hearda mancharging towardsher.Fearful thathe mighthave anintention12harm her,Helen startedto run.Eventually,the man13catch upwith her,andhe wasonly tryingto returnherwallet!B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空在未给提示词的空白处仅填写个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用1括号内所给词的正确形式填空Why dohumans prefersome smellsover othersOne theory,increasingly14support byexperts,suggests thatsmellpreferences arelearned.Ifs easyto explainhow wedetermine15smells aredangerous ornot:we learn.This hasbeenadopted toensure easierdetection ofgas leaks.Gas naturally16have norecognisable smell.However,a strongsmell is added sothat we can raisethe alarmwhen wedetect thesmellassociated withdanger.C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空在未给提示词的空白处仅填写个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用1括号内所给词的正确形式填空Since peoplecant alwayseat outor cookfor17they,they gettakeout ororder delivery.More takeoutand morefooddelivery equalmore waste,especially plasticwaste.That includescups,bottles,and bags,most of18are onlygoodfor oneuse.Thats abig problemand it is gettingeven19bad.The useof thoseplastics20increase by300%since
2019.The worldwont surviveif thissituation continues.第二部分阅读理解共两节，38分第一节共14小题；每小题2分，共28分阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑（同伴）（）Peer AssistedStudy SessionsPASS isa peer-facilitated learningprogramme available to students（注册）enrolled inmost coreunits ofstudy in our businessschool.PASS involvesweekly sessionswhere youwork ingroups totackle speciallyprepared problemsets,based aroundaunit ofstudy youreenrolled in.PASS doesntre-teach ordeliver newcontent.Its anopportunity todeepen yourunderstanding ofthe keypointsfrom lecturematerialswhileyou areapplying yourskills tosolve problems.You workinteractively withyour peers.As apeer group,you decidewhat iscovered ineach session.That way,PASS directlyresponds toyour needs and feedback.Registration inTerm2will openat9am,21September
2022.Waiting listsIfasession isfull,you canregister for thewaiting list.We willemail youif aplace becomesavailable orif anewsession is to beheld.When you are placedonawaitinglist,we willemail youa numberwhich tellsyou whereyou areon the list.If youare closeto thefront ofthe list,you have agoodchance ofgaining aplace in the programmein thenear future.DeregisteringIf youmiss twoPASS sessionsin arow,you willbe deregisteredand yourplace willbe givento someoneon thewaitinglist.Make sureyou fillin the attendance sheetat eachsession torecord yourattendance.Youll beinformed byemail ifyouarebeing deregisteredasaresult ofmissing sessions.If youbelieve youhavereceived theemail inerror,email thePASS officeat passoffice@umbs.edu..
21.In PASS,studentsA.attend newlecturesC.prepare problemsets ingroups D.use theirskills tosolve problemsB.decide theirown schedulesA.Fill in theattendancesheet.B.Sign upfor thewaitinglist.22What canstudents doif asessionisfullC.Report theirneedsandfeedback.D.Email theoffice theirnumbers onthelist.
23.Students willbe deregisteredifA.they sendemails inerror B.they failto workinteractivelyC.they givetheir placesto othersD.they misstwo sessionsin arow（削弱）My nameis Alice.Early lastyear,I wastroubled by an anxietythat crippledmy abilityto doanything.I feltlikeastormcloudhungoverme.For almosta yearI struggledon,constantly staringat thiswall thatfaced me.Myperfectionist tendencieswerethe mainrootofthis:I wantedto beperfect atwhatever1did,which obviouslyin lifeis notpossible,but itconsumed me.One day,I attendeda presentationby wildlifeconservationist GrantBrown atmy highschool.His presentationnotonly awedandinspiredme,but alsohelped emergean innerdesire tomake adifference in the world.I joinedapre-presentation dinnerwith himand thatsmaller settingallowed meto slowlybuild upmy courage to speakone-on-onewith him——an ideathat hadseemed completelyimpossible.This firstcontact waswhere mystory began.A monthlater,Brown invitedmetoattend theWorld YouthWildlife Conference.Looking back,I nowsee thatthiswould be thefirstin aseries of timely opportunities that myold selfwould havelet pass,but thatthis newand moreconfidentAlice enthusiasticallyseized.Shortly afterI receivedhis invitation,applications tojoin theYouth forNature andtheYouthforPlanetgroupswere sentaround throughmy highschool.I decidedto committo completingthe applications,and soonI wasa partofagrowing globalteamofyoungpeopleworkingtoprotectnature.Each ofthese newstepscontinued togrowmyconfidence.（障碍）I amwriting thisjust sixmonths sincemy journeybegan andIve realisedthat mybiggest obstaclethis wholetimewas myself.It wasthat voiceintheback ofmy headtelling methat onephrase thathas stoppedso manypeople fromreachingtheir potential:I cantThey saygood thingscome to those who wait;I say:grab everyopportunity witheverythingyou haveand beimpatient.After all,nature doesnot requireour patience,but ouraction.
24.What wasthemaincause forAlices anxietyA.Her inabilityto acther age.B.Her habitof consumption.C.Her desireto beperfect.D.Her lackof inspiration.
25.How didGrant Brownspresentation influenceAliceA.She decidedtodosomething fornature.B.She tastedthe sweetnessof friendship.C.She learnedabout theharm ofdesire.D.She builtup hercouragetospeak up.
26.The activitiesAlice joinedin helpedher to become more.A.intelligent B.confident C.innovative D.critical
27.What canwe learnfrom thispassageA.Practice makesperfect.B.Patience isa cureof anxiety.C.Action isworrys worstenemy.D.Everything comestothosewhowait.C“What wouldthe worldbe ifthere wereno hunger”Ifs aquestion thatProfessor Crystalwouldaskherstudents.They foundit hardto answer,she wrotelater,because imaginingsomething thatisnt partof reallife—and learninghow tomakeitreal-isarare skill.It istaught toartists andengineers,but muchless oftento scientists.Crystalsetouttochangethat,and helpedto createa globalmovement.The result-an approachknownassystems thinking-is nowseen asessentialin meetingglobalchallenges.Systems thinkingis crucialto achievingtargets suchas zerohunger andbetter nutritionbecause itrequiresconsidering theway inwhich foodis produced,processed,delivered andconsumed,and lookingat howthose things（交叉）intersect withhuman health,the environment,economics andsociety.According tosystems thinking,changingthe foodsystem-oranyother network-requires threethings tohappen.First,researchers needtoidentifyalltheplayers inthatsystem;second,they mustwork outhow theyrelate toeach other;and third,they needtounderstandand quantifytheimpact ofthose relationshipson each other andon thoseoutside thesystem.（营养不良）Take nutrition.In thelatest UNreport onglobal foodsecurity,the numberof undernourishedpeoplein theworld has been rising,despite greatadvances innutrition science.Tracking of150biochemicals infood has beenimportant inrevealing therelationships betweencalories,sugar,fat andthe occurrenceof commondiseases.But usingmachinelearning andartificial intelligence,some scientistspropose thathuman dietsconsist ofatleast26,000一biochemicals andthat thevast majorityare notknown.This showsthat wehave someway totravel beforeachieving thefirstobjective ofsystemsthinking-which,in thisexample,is toidentify moreconstituent partsofthenutrition system.A systems approach tocreating changeis alsobuilt onthe assumptionthat everyoneinthesystem hasequal power.（彳修正）But assome researchersfind,the foodsystem is not anequal one.A goodwaytoredress suchpower imbalanceisfor moreuniversities todo whatCrystal didand teachstudents howto thinkusing a systemsapproach.More researchers,policymakers andrepresentatives fromthe foodindustry mustlearn tolook beyondtheir directlinesof responsibilityand adoptasystemsapproach.Crystal knewthat visionsalone dontproduce results,but concludedthat weH neverproduce resultsthat wecant envision”.
28.The authoruses thequestion underlinedin Paragraph1to.A.illustrate anargument B.highlight anopinionC.introduce thetopic D.predict theending
29.What can be inferredaboutthefield of nutritionA.The firstobjectiveofsystems thinkinghasnt beenachieved.B Therelationships amongplayers have been clarified.C.Machine learningcan solvethenutritionproblem.D.The impactofnutritioncannot bequantified.
30.As forsystems thinking,which wouldthe authoragree withA.It maybe usedto justifypower imbalance.B Itcanbeapplied totackle challenges.C.It helpsto provewhy hungerexists.D.It goesbeyond humanimagination.D（量子）Quantum computershave beenon mymind a lot lately.A friendhasbeensending mearticles onhowquantum computersmight helpsolve someofthebiggest challengeswe faceas humans.Tve alsohad exchangeswith twoquantum-computing experts.One iscomputer scientistChris Johnsonwho Tsee assomeone whohelps keepthe fieldhonest.The otheris physicistPhilip Taylor.For decades,quantumcomputinghasbeenlittle morethan alaboratory curiosity.Now,big techcompanies haveinvestedin quantumcomputing,as havemany smallerones.According toBusiness Weekly,quantum machinescould（炒helpus“cure cancer,and eventake stepsto turnclimate changeintheoppositedirection.^^This isthe sortof hype作）that annoysJohnson.He worriesthat researchersare makingpromises theycant keep.“Whats new,“Johnson wrote,“is thatmillions ofdollars arenow potentiallyavailable toquantumcomputingresearchers9As quantumcomputing attractsmore attentionand funding,researchers maymislead investors,journalists,the publicand,worst ofall,themselves abouttheir workspotential.If researcherscant keeptheir promises,excitement mightgiveway todoubt,disappointment andanger,Johnson warns.Lots ofother technologieshave gonethrough stagesofexcitement.But somethingabout quantumcomputing makesit especiallyprone tohype,Johnson suggests,perhapsbecause“quantum standsfbr somethingcool youshouldnt beable tounderstand.”And thatbrings meback toTaylor,who suggestedthat Iread hisbook QforQuantum.After Iread thebook,Taylor patientlyanswered myquestions aboutit.He alsoanswered myquestions aboutPyQuantum,the firmheco-founded in
2016.Taylor sharesJohnsons concernsabout hype,but he says thoseconcerns donotapply toPyQuantum.（幅度）The company,he says,is closerthan anyother firm“byavery largemargin tobuilding a“usefiil”quantumcomputer,one thatsolves animpactful problemthatwewould nothavebeenabletosolve otherwise.^^He adds,Peoplewill naturallydiscountmyopinions,but Ihave spenta lotoftimequantitatively comparingwhat weare doingwithothers.”Could PyQuantumreallybeleadingallthe competition“byawide margin”,as Taylorclaims Idont know.Imcertainly notgoing toadvise myfriend oranyone elseto investinquantumcomputers.But Itrust Taylor,just asI trustJohnson.
31.Regarding Johnsonsconcerns,the authorfeels.A sympatheticB.unconcerned C.doubtful D.excited
32.What leadsto Taylorsoptimism aboutquantum computingA.His dominancein physics.B.The competitioninthefield.C.His confidencein PyQuantum.D.The investmentof techcompanies.
33.What doesthe underlinedword prone“in Paragraph3most probablymeanA.Open.B.Cool.C.Useful.D.Resistant.
34.Which wouldbethebest titlefor thepassageA.Is JohnsonMore CompetentThan TaylorB.Is QuantumComputing RedefiningTechnologyC.Will QuantumComputers EverCome intoBeingD.Will QuantumComputing EverLive Upto ItsHype第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑选项中有两项为多余选项Health andfitness helpa personlive agood andhealthy life.Often dueto variouspressures,we tendto ignoreourhealth.35It isthe fitness level ofour bodythat helpsus fightthese diseases.36We needto befit tohaveahealthy body.Similarly,if weare healthywe shallnaturally beattracted towardsmaintainingthefitnessofour body.Healthisthestateofourbodyatagiventime.We maynothaveany diseasebut stillhaveaweakbody,which isreadyto betargetedbyviruses.37This doesnot definitelymeanthatwearenothealthy.Itmeans thefitnesslevelis notin accordancewith ourage andthe climaticconditions welive in.It isimportant foreveryone todevote sometimetohealth andfitness.38For instance,we mustexercisedailyregardlessofourage andworking style.There aredifferent levelsof exercisesfor differentage groupsandwe mustdo themaccording toour ownhealth andage.Additionally,itisimportant torelax ourbody.We shouldhave atleast sixto eighthours ofsleep everyday.Tt helps（免疫）in improvingour immunesystem andprotectsusagainstdiseases.39This,in turn,gives usnew goalsof healthandfitness.A.Fitness levelsdecide thequality oflife.B.Health andfitness areinterrelated toeachother.C.It alsohelpsinkeeping uscalm andrelaxes ourmind.D.For instance,we mayhaveatendency tocatch acold easily.E.If wekeep ourbody fit,wecanenjoy lifein a better manner.F.There aresome activitieswhich everyoneshould doinourlife.G.This makesourbodysuffer andwe willcatch otherdiseases.第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题；第
40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题（仓业者），Tom,a15-year-old inventorand entrepreneurij witnessedat hisown schoolthe widespreadconsumptionof sugary drinksbykids.He knewthere hadtobeabetterportable drinksolution anddecidedtoinnovate fromsomething（浸包）he sawin hisown home:fruit infused7water.Tom watchedhis mummake healthyfruit infusionsbut thenstruggle fora take-along option.From observinghismum andfromhisdesiretogivekidsbetterdrinkoptions,he cameupwithhisoriginal modelfortheFun Bottle.I wantedto come upwith ahealthy,natural wayfbr peopleto drinkwhen onthe go.A bigpartofmy missionistoget peopleof allagesoff sugarydrinks,“Tom explains.（滤网）The bottleis madewith astrainer thatallows thegreat tastesand naturalsugars ofthe variousfruits andvegetablesyou choosetocomethrough thewater,without anyoftheseeds orskins flowingthrough.Tom isproudofhis designand excitedtobeselling theFun Bottleon hiswebsite andin storesbut this15-year-old ismost proudoftheopportunities thatFun Bottlepresents toothers.It helpsto providehealthy alternativesto（）sugarydrinks;and alsoTom donatespartofthe profitsto theOrganisation fora HealthierGeneration OHG.Tom hasbeen awardedseveral prizes,but thisteenage innovatorremains humble.When askedwhat advicehed giveotherentrepreneurial youth,hesays,Prepare andhave yourfamilys support.It isimportant toknowfrom thebeginning thatthere arealotof highsand lows,and thereisnosuch thingas overnightsuccess.
40.What didTom witnessat hisown school
41.Where didTom getthe ideafortheoriginalmodelfortheFun Bottle
42.Please decidewhich partis falseinthefollowing statement,then underlineit andexplain why.Tom ismost proudoftheopportunitiesthatFunBottlepresentstoothers becausehe notonly provideshealthyalternatives tosugarydrinksbut alsodonates allthe profitstotheOHG.
43.Among Tomsqualities,which onesdo youthink willbe importantfor usWhyIn about40words第二节20分假设你是红星中学高三学生李华你打算邀请英国好友为你们班做一次关于英语写作的线上经验交
44.Jim流请你用英文给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括建议交流的具体内容及其原因；
1.交流时间和其他相关事项
2.注意词数左右；
1.100开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数
3.Dear Jim,Yours,Li Hua。
个人认证
优秀文档
获得点赞 0
