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高一英语各单元知识点总结及重难点解析Unitl-2☆重点句型☆问询对方的见解
1.What shoulda friendbe like表达个人观点的词语
2.1think he/she should be…等表达喜好的词语
1.1enjoy reading/Im fond of singing/I likeplaying computergames.
4.Chuck ison aflight whensuddenly hisplane crashes.作并列连词的使用方法“when”强调句的
5.What/Who/When/Where is it that...特殊疑问句构造
6.With so many peoplecommunicating in English everyday,宾语+宾补”的构造做状语…“with+带连接副词
7.Can you tell me how to pronounce...（或代词）的不定式做宾补的使用方法☆重点词汇☆尤其地
1.especially v.想像
2.imagine v.单独，孤单的
3.alone adv./adj.爱好
4.interest n.每天的,平常的
5.everyday adj.抛弃的
6.deserted adj.搜寻
7.hunt v.分享
8.share v.在意，关怀
9.care v.
10.totaln.总数大多数
11.majority n.生存,活下来
12.survive v.冒险
13.adventure n.吓坏的
14.scared adj.承认
15.admit v.不过,而
16.while conj.令人厌烦的
17.boring adj.
18.exceptprep.除.......之夕卜质量
19.quality n.最爱慕的
20.favourite adj.☆重点短语☆爱好
1.be fondof
4.argue with sb.about/over sth.寻找
5.hunt for为了
6.in orderto
8.bring in盈利
⑦make money运用
⑧make useof做出决定
⑨make adecision出错误⑩make a mistake［例句］老师转身时，男孩朝老师做The boymade aface athis teacherwhen sheturned her back.了个鬼脸在厨房里干活使男孩成为一位优秀厨师Working in the kitchenmade theboy into a goodcook.为了给更重要的They weremoved outto anearby hotel,to make room formore importantpersons.人物腾出地方，他们被搬到了附近的一家旅店【考彳列J.口匕京春招The ideapuzzled meso muchthat Istopped for a fewseconds totry toA.make itout B.make it offC.make it up D.make itover［考察目的］重要考察短语make［答案与解析］意为“领悟、弄明白、发现真相意为“连忙跑掉”；A make out makeoff make意为“弥补、打扮、构成；意为“转让、改造”由于受到困惑，因此应当是up makeover试图发现真相【考例】-When shallwe start北京-Lets itat8:
30.Is that all rightA.set B.meet C.make D.take［考察目的］此题重要考察短语make［答案与解析］“规定期间”为固定短语本句话意思是“把出发的时间定在点半”make it8C意思是“对时间”、“调时间”set点火
7.a great/good many名词复数，中间无1a great/good many+“of A great manypeople haveseen the film.名词复数2a great/good many+of+the/these/those/ones+Agreatmany of the peoplehaveseen thefilm.别拘束
8.make yourself at home别拘束主人对客人说的委婉语--1make yourself at homeGood evening,Jim.-Good evening,Mary.Come in and make yourselfat home.独自没有他人协助2all by oneself You cant possiblydo it all byyourself.玩得快乐3enjoy oneself=have a good timePlease enjoyyourself whileyou*re spending yourholiday inHawaii.亲自；为自己4for oneself The studentwants tothink it for himself./One shouldnot liveforoneself alone.自动土也5of oneselfThe doorclosed of itself suddenly.身体或情绪好6be oneselfI amnot myselftoday.7help oneself to+n./pron.随便.......Pleasehelp yourselfto the fish.自身8in oneselfThis is not abad ideain itself.清醒9come tooneselfTheinjured mancame tohim-self infive minutes.私卜说的话10between ourselvesAll thisis betweenourselves.
10.treat・・・as•••把・・•看做・・・The kindlady treatedme asher owndaughter.【比较】表达“认为”的短语尚有regard...as...consider...as...think of...as...look on/upon...as...take...for...［注意］在短语中可省略，其他短语中不可consider…as…as［牛刀小试］
21.If you are aboutAustralian cities,just readthe bookwritten byDr.Johnson.A.interested B.anxious C.upset D.curious
2.Her son,whom she was so,went abroad10years ago.A.of;loved B.for;caredC.to;devoted D.on;affected
3.In orderto continueto learnby ourselveswhen we have leftschool,we must learn howtostudy in the school now.A.in allB.after allC.above all D.at all
4.-I amsorry I didnt do a goodjob.-Never mind.,you havetried yourbest.A.Above allB.In allC.At allD.After all
5.Since we cant find a biggerapartment,well have to whatwe have.A.hope for the bestB.make roomforC.make the best of D.lay ourhope onDCCDC【句型归纳】我不喜欢唱歌，也不喜欢电脑
2.Chuck is a businessmanwho is always sobusy that he haslittle time for hisfriends.人，他总是那么忙，几乎没有时间和朋友在一起该句中和都能连接成果状讲从句，但要注意词序不一样例如so...that...such...that...Joan issuch alonely girlthat all of us like her.=She is so lovelya girlthat weall likeher.常见句型+形容词+单数可数名词+1such+a/an that clause形容词+复数可数名词+2such+that clause形容词+不可数名词+3such+that clause+形容词++单数可数名词+4so a/an that clause+形容词/副词+5so that clause复数可数名词+6so+many/few+thatclause不可数名词+7so+much/little+thatclause注意
①当不表达数量“少”而表达“小”的意思时，仍然要用
②当little suchoso+adj..或位于句首时，主句需要倒装/adv such+n.【考彳列】So difficultit tolive in an English-speaking countrythat Idetermined to learn上海English.A.I havefelt B.have IfeltC.Ididfeel D.did Ifeel［考察目的］位于句首时，主句倒装so+adj.［答案与解析］、语序不对，排除时态不对DA CB——天,查
3.One dayChuck ison aflight acrossthe PacificOcean whensuddenly hisplane crashes.克在飞越太平洋时.他的飞机忽然坠毁了该句中的表达“正在这时”，相称于或这时不能用替“when”and justand atthat time.while/as代常见句型:1be about to do sth when...2be doing sth when...3be on the pointof doing sthwhen...【考例J北京春招We wereswimming in the lakesuddenly thestorm started.A.when B.while C.until D.before［考察目的］作连词，表达“正在这时”“when”［答案与解析］意为“我正在湖中游泳，忽然暴风雨来了”只有才能用于这种句型whenA他不得不学会搜集淡水.寻找
4.He has tolearnhow to collect water,hunt forfood,and makefire,食物，生火什么的该句中的为动词不定式短语作宾语例如疑问“how Ito collect.We mustdecide whichone to buy.词等与小定式构成不定式短语which,what,how,when,where【考例】Ive workedwith childrenbefore,so I knew whatin mynew job.NMET A.expected B.to expectC.to beexpecting D.expects［考察目的］不定式短语作宾语what to do sth［答案与解析］该句需要填非谓语动词排除、句意为“此前我与孩子在一块儿工作过B ADo因此我懂得我的新工作需要什么”不表达进行，排除C C
5.In orderto survive,Chuck developeda friendshipwith anunusual friend—a volleyballhe called,为了生存下去，查克和一位不寻常的朋友-“排球”建立了友谊，查克叫他威尔森Wilson该句中的意思为“为了，以便”，作目的状语在句子中作同的状语的常见句型L“in orderto;有五种构造:to do sth/in orderto do sth/so as to do sth/in orderthatclause/so thatclause注意不能位于句首假如主句与从句的主语一致时，四个构造可以互相转1so asto do sth2换⑶在引导的从句中，谓语动词常与等情态动词连in orderthat/so thatcan,could,may,might用［考例］北京Id liketo arrive20minutes earlyI canhave timefor acup oftea.A.as soon as B.as a result C.in caseD.so that［考察目的］目的状语［答案与解析］“一…就…”；“成果是；“万一”；“以D assoon as as aresult in case so that便，为的是”句意“我想提前二十分钟到以便有时间喝杯茶”.该句子中是作同位语例如2volleyball Headvised farmersto choosethe bestseed-heads,theones thathad thebest color.注意这种同位语不是同位语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别【考例】NMETMeeting myuncle after these yearswas anunforgotten moment,I willalwaystreasure.A.that B.one C.it D.what［考察目的］作同位语,指代one amoment［答案与解析］B that不能引导非限制性定语从句，排除A；if不能作同位语，排除C；what既不能引导非限制定语从句，也不能作同位语可以填这样就成了非限制性定语从句which,.
6.For a long timethe language in Americastayed thesame,while thelanguageinEngland changed长期以来，美国英语保持不变，但英国英语变化了该句中的用作并列连词.表达前后对比，意为“然而”充当连词，还能引导
1.“while“while时间状语从句意为…”；引导让步状语从句，意为“during the time that“although…”o该句中的为系动词后接表语除了外，常见的系动词尚有:
2.stay thesame staybecome,get,turn,grow,go,come,run,fall,keep,stay,remain【考例1NMETWhy dontyou putthe meatin thefridge Itwill freshfor severaldays.A.be stayedB.stay C.be stayingD.have stayed［考察目的］系动词的使用方法［答案与解析］系动词没有被动语态，一般不用进行B时态，排除A、C；句意不是表达完毕，排除D系动词表达状态第一次
7.for the first time⑴for the first time第一次，背面不加从句，在句中作状语They came to Beijingfor the first time.（）名词短语，在从句中充当连词，后接时间状语从句，不接等连词2the first time that,when有同样使用方法的短语尚有every time;next time;the lasttimeThey likedBeijing the first timethey wentthere.
1.-I wouldnever evercome tothis restaurantagain.The foodis terrible!-.A.Nor amI B.Neither wouldIC.Same with me D.So doI
2.We cantimagine littlemice caneat upmany cropsevery year.A.so;so B.such;so C.such;such D.so;so
3.Jasmine washolidaying withher familyin awildlife parkshe wasbitten on the legby alion.A.when B.while C.since D.once（）
4.It issaid inAustralia there is moreland thanthe govern-merit knows.NMETA.it what to do with B.what to do itwithC.whatto dowithitD.to dowhat withit
5.Roses needspecial carethey canlive throughwinter.（天津）A.because B.so that C.even ifD.as（）BBACB【交际速成】.谈论喜欢和不喜欢
1.Talking aboutlikes anddislikes（东北三校）-I enjoyChinese foodvery much.-.03A.Please tastequickly B.Have more,pleaseC.Help yourselfD.Eat slowlywhile it is hot［答案与解析］本题重要考察详细语境下“对事物喜好”的体现及应答项不礼貌，、两C A B D项属汉语习惯，项符合此时英语语境c【归纳】英语中常见体现喜欢和不喜欢态度的用语有1This bookis veryinteresting.2I like/love themovie very much.31like/love toplay computergames.4I liketaking photos.5I enjoylistening tomusic.6Im interestedin science.My hobbies/interests are...7He isfondofmusic.8This songis bad/awful.9I dontlike themovie very much/at all.101dontenjoycollecting stamps.111hate to do homework.I hatedancing,12lm notinto classic music.131think thatclassicmusicis terrible/boring.道歉
2.Making apologies-Im sorryIm callingyou solate.-Okay.北京春招A.This isB.Youre C.Thats D.Im［答案与解析］本题重要考察英语中道歉及应答用语、、三项不符合交际英语的习惯，A B DC故项对的C【归纳】英语中常见道歉用语有1Im verysorry.I didntmean tohurt yourfeelings.2Im terribly sorry about that.3Im afraidIve broughtyou too much trouble.4Please excuseme cominglate.5Please forgiveme.6Excuse me,please.7I begyour pardon.应答体既有1Thats/Its all right.2Thats/Its OK.⑶Never mind.4It doesntmatter.⑸Its nothing.6Forget it.7Dont worry aboutthat.8Dont mentionit.谈论语言交际困难
3.Talking aboutlanguage difficulties in communication-Im sorry.I cantcatch you.—OK,its B—L—A—C—K.A.Would youplease walkslowlyB.I dontunderstand you.C.Whats themeaning of this wordD.Would youplease repeatit moreslowly［答案与解析］本题重要考察语言交际困难的功能意念在整个语境中是“听见，听清”D catch的意思，项错误理解了在此处的意思，、两项语义不连贯，故对的答案是A catchB CDo【归纳】英语中常见的谈论语言交际困难的用语有1Pardon/I begyour pardon.2Sorry,I cantfollow you.3Can youspeak moreslowly,please4How do you say...inEnglish.5I dontknow how to saythat inEnglish.6I dontknow theword inEnglish.7How doyou spellit,please8Im sorryI onlyknow a little English.9Could yourepeat that,please Couldyou saythatagain,please10What doyou meanby killingtime［牛刀小试］
41.-I didnt hear youclearly.Its too noisy here.--1was sayingthat theparty wasgreat.A.Repeat.B.Once again.C.Sorry D.So what
2.-Do you like a house withno garden-・But anyhow,its better to have one thannone.A.Not a bit B.Not alittleC.Not reallyD.Not specially
3.-Im sorry for steppingon yourfoot-.A.Its OKB.You arewelcomeC.Its yourfault D.Never youmind
4.--What yousaid at the meetinghurt mebadly!--Sorry.But.A.I didntmean itB.I didntmean toC.I dontmean itD.I dontmean to
5.-You seemto showinterest incooking.-On thecontrary,Im tiredof it.A.Really B.Pardon C.OK D.WhatCCABD【精典题例】
1.-David hasmade greatprogress recently.-,and.A.So hehas;so have you B.So hashe;so haveyouC.So hehas;so you have D.So hashe;so youhave【解析】选答句中的指不倒装意为你也同样获得了进步广A heDavid,“So haveyou
2.Little whatothers think.A.does hecare about B.care heaboutC.about heeared D.about caredhe【解析】选为否认副词，置于句首时，句子使用部分倒装A little
3.At school,what he enjoys football.A.playing B.toplayC.is playingD.played【解析】选为主语从句,谓语动词为表语为不要误认为C what heenjoysbe,playing footballo是的宾语而误选playing enjoyA
4.At thenews,all thewomen presentburst outcrying.A.unexpecting B.disappointingC.disappointed D.interesting【解析】选联络语境，所有在场的妇女都哭了，因此为令人失望的（消息）”B disappointing”
5.He was about to tell methe secretsomeone pattedhim on the shoulder.A.as B.until C.while D.when【解析】选表达“就在这时，忽然”D“when”
6.The wolfsaid in a voiceand thescholar felt.A.frightening;frightened B.frightened;frightenedC.frightened;frightening D.frightening;frightening【解析】选“令人胆怯；感A frighteningfrightened到胆怯”
7.In ourlife,English is used.A.everyday;wide B.everyday;widelyC.every day;wide D.every day;widely【解析】选“平常的，每天的；“广泛地”B everydaywidely一
8.Hello,Mary.Ive gota girlfriend.-Whats shelikeA.I dontknow B.She*slikeher mother;not fatherC.She likesmusic D.Not had!Quite pretty【解析】选表外表给人的印象D
9.The firefor halfan hourbefore thefire fightersarrived.A.had putoutB.was putoutC.had beenout D.had brokenout【解析】选火熄灭，表达状态C beout
10.It has been suggested that the land equallyamong thepeasants.A.be sharedB.should besparedC.saved D.be spent【解析】选后用虚拟语气前可A suggestbe shared省略shouldo
11.She took in physicsand readon thesubject.A.interest;as booksmany as she couldB.an interest;as manybooks asshe couldC.interested;as manybooks asshe canD.interests;as booksasshecould【解析】选根据短语搭配和时态一致可知B
12.-Hows the young man-.A.Hes twentyB.Hes adoctorC.He ismuch betterD.Hes David【解析】选“某人身体怎样”Chow issb.
13.Let Harryplay with your toysas well.Clare,you mustlearn to.A.support B.care C.spare D.share【解析】选“分享”；“支持；“在意”；“抽出时间节余”D sharesupport care spare
14.The newdress lookswonderful on you thecollar.A.besides B.except C.beside D.except for【解析】选“美中局限性的是领子”，表达部分修正D
1.Instead ofspendingyourvacation ona bus,...you maywant totry hiking.Instead insteadOf使用方法问候的句型
2.Say Hi/Hello/Thanks to sb.for me进彳亍时表未来
3.Is anybodyseeing youoff
4.She struggledand struggled,and could not get on herfeet.=keep struggling引导条件状语从句，相称于
5.You shouldnot go rafting unless you know...unless if...not
6.By stayingat...,tourists canhelp thevillagers make money sothat they can take care of the fiver目的状语从句and thebirds.成果斗犬语从句
7.She wasso surprisedthat shecouldnt move.过去分词作》犬语
8.Tree aftertree went down,cut downby water.目前分词作状语
9.The nextmoment,thefirstwave swepther down,swallowing thegarden.
10.However,before shecould thinktwice,the waterwas uponher.It didnt take long before the的使用方法building wasdestroyed.before☆重点词汇☆措施；途径
1.means n.经验
2.experience n.设备
3.equipment n.成功的
4.successful adj.保护
5.protect v.处理
6.handle v.考虑
7.consider v.利益
8.benefit n.尤其的
9.particular adj.效果
10.effect n.合并
11.combine v.不会忘掉的
12.unforgettable adj.（（进
13.advance v.H抓住
14.seize v.奋斗一
15.struggle v,胆怯
16.fear v.n.敲打
17.strike v.毁掉
18.destroy v.出版
19.publish v.调皮的
20.naughty adj.☆重点短语☆逃离
1.get away from注意，当心
2.watch/look out去徒步旅游
3.go for a hike/go hiking
4.as with正如.......同样为某人送行
5.see off在另首先
6.on theother hand照顾
7.take careof靠近，凑近
8.get close/near to一棵又一棵的树
9.tree aftertree
12.be surprisedat因.......而吃惊
14.take place通过,通过；经历（痛苦的事）
15.go through临近，迫近
16.be upon紧紧抓住
17.hold onto提到，说到；查询（信息）
18.refer to
19.look into注视.......的内部；检查，调查
20.for fear of（doing）sth.惟恐...☆短语闯关☆下列短语都是这两个单元学过的重要短语，请你根据汉语在横线上填入一种对的的词，每个词分，分才能过关，你一定能过关.做好了闯关的准备吗那么我们就开始吧？480逃离
1.get fromaway注意，当心
2.watch out保护/保卫某人（某事物）
3.protect sb/sth from到火车站、飞机场等某处为某人送行
4.see sb—ff另首先
5.on theother hand也，还，并且
6.as as well发生，产生
7.place take失火
8.fire on
10.get one*s feeton
9.a great/good many许多・••
12.except for除.......之外发生
13.come about生火
14.makeafire别拘束
15.makeyourselfat home大多数
16.the majorityof给某人写短信
17.drop sb.a line第一次
18.for thefirsttime主线；居然
19.atall
1.be fondof搜索追寻，寻找
2.hunt for为了
3.in toorder紧张，关怀
4.care about例如，诸如
5.such as给某人写信一般指写短信
6.drop sba line另客气
7.make oneselfat llhome总共
8.total in
10.stay up发生
11.about come
13.bring in许许多多，极多
14.a greatmany对……深感爱好，深深迷上……
15.be into上网
16.the Internetsurf逃学，逃课
17.classes skip聚会，相聚，汇集
18.get together
20.keep anon eye
22.shut up开玩笑
23.joke about
25.the timeall☆交际用语☆
1.1think...I like/love/hate...I enjoy...通过，经受仔细检查
11.go through在度假
12.holiday on旅行社代理人
13.travel agent迫近,临近
14.be upon进行体育锻炼
15.exercise take代某人向某人问候
16.Hi to sb for/from sbsay提出
17.come withup去远足
18.go ahike for
20.a secondin
22.refer to抓住，握住
23.hold onto冲走,舌走
24.sweep Uaway冲倒,吹倒
25.sweep down☆交际用语☆
1.Where wouldyou prefergoing...
2.How wouldyou liketo go to...
3.Have anice/pleasant trip!
4.Well,I must be off.
5.Its all right.
6.Im afraid.
7.Come on!
8.It scaresme.
9.Dont worry.
10.First...,next...,then...,finally...☆单词聚焦☆的使用方法
1.advance▲构词.高等的.先进的，高深的advanced adj▲搭配在前头，预先，事先
①in advance
③on theadvance［考例］It issaid thatMiss Whitehad some difficulty instudying themaths.A.improved B.developed C.advanced D.increased［考察目的］本题考察形容词与近义词的区别advanced［答案与解析］“高等数学”的英译是意思是“先进的高级的”C advancedmaths,advanced的特殊使用方法
2.before.我还没来得及拦住他,他就跑出了屋子1He hadrun out of theroom beforeI couldstop him⑵Three weekswent bybefore Weknew it.三周过去了,我们才意识到或:时间不知不觉已过三周了.他没过多久就回来了3It wasnt/didn*ttakelongbefore he returned不要过多久我们就要毕业了It wontbe longbefore wegraduate.的使用方法
3.chance▲搭配万一，碰巧，或许
①by anychance偶尔,意外地
②by chance冒一冒险,碰碰运气，运用一下机会
③take a/ones chance【考例］南京模拟6Most of the arein seasonalwork,mainly connectedwith tourismandagriculture.A.work B.luck C.chances D.services［考察目的］的词义chance［答案与解析］在本句的词义是“机会”C chance
4.consider v.⑴考虑A consider+n./doingI considergoing abroad.疑问词+B consider+to doYouhave toconsider whatto donext.⑵认为C consider+n.+as/to be+n./adj.I considerMary as/to bemy bestfriend.They consideredParis thebrain andheart of the country.D consider+n.+to have doneI considerhim to have acteddisgracefully.除了…表认为外，尚有consider…as regard•--as・・・,look on・・・as・・・,take・・・as…,think of・・・as・・・的使用方法
5.cost▲构词.昂贵的，宝贵的costly adj▲搭配花费某人多少钱；让某人付出代价/牺牲……
①cost sb.sth.不惜任何代价.无论怎样
②at allcosts不惜任何代价，无论怎样
③at anycost按成本价格，按原价
④at costprice
6.effect n.have aneffect onsth.His wordshad a great pushingeffect on his students.无效1be ofno effect⑵come intoeffect开始生效；开始实行［比较］影响affect vt.The climateaffected theamount of the rainfall.的使用方法
7.experience▲构词有经验的，纯熟的experienced adj.▲搭配凭经验；从经验中
①by experience凭经验；从经验中
②from experience
④be experiencedin…▲友谊提醒这个词作为可数名词用时，解释为“经历”，作为不可数名词用时解experience释为“经验”【考例1（山西模拟）teaches thathe wasright.Good friendshipis justnot easilyformed.A.Knowledge B.Teachers C.Experience D.Parents［考察目的］的意思experience［答案与解析］常为不可数名词，意思是“经验”C experience
①be infear（of）（为.而）提心吊胆由于怕；以免，怕的是
②for fearof生怕；为了防止（某事发生）
③for fearthat-clause紧张/怕（发生某事）
④have afearthat-clause吓得，怕得
⑤withfear（）紧张/忧虑
⑥fear vi.for...【考例】（江苏）He gotto thestation early,missing histrain.A.incaseof B.instead ofC.forfearofD.in search［考察目的］构成的短语的使用方法和意思fear［答案与解析］常在句中作状语，意思是“怕的是……紧张……”C forfearof快乐；乐趣；有趣的人或事
10.means n.1by means of用.......；依托.......The watermay becarried by means of a pipe.一定；务必；表达同意当然可以，没问题务必，无论怎样，千方百计地2by allmeansTry by all/every meansto persuadehim to come.⑶by nomeans完全不是；一点也不；决不This isby nomeans thefirsttimeyouhave been late.尚有用这种措施；用一切也许的措施或手段by thismeans byany means【考例】MET1991Students sometimessupport them-selves by of eveningjob.A.ways B.offers C.means D.helps［考察目的］短语的意思bymeans of［答案与解析］的意思是“通过某种手段”C bymeansof正常的；正规的
11.normal adj.the normaltemperature,normal behavior规则的;有规律的1regular生活有规律；准时作息keep regularhours一般的；常见的2common共有的；共同的Tom isa commonname inBritain.有着共同爱好have acommon interest⑶usual惯常的；通例的Its usualwith him to go to the office onfoot.⑷ordinary平凡的;一般的in ordinarydress的使用方法
12.once▲搭配忽然；同步
①all at once立即，立即；同步
②at once偶尔,有时,间或
③every onceinawhile就这一次；破例一回4for thisonce=for once,just foronce不止一次，多次
⑤more thanonce一次也不
⑥not once再一次
⑦once again/more一再，再三
⑧once andagain一两次；有时，偶尔9once ortwice又多了一次⑩once toooften从前once upona time【考彳列］上海we havelearned something,additional learningincreases thelength oftime wewillremember it.A.Before B.Once C.Until D.Unless［考察目的］连词的使用方法和词义once［答案与解析］在作连词使用时意思是“一旦”B once宁愿；更喜欢
15.separate▲构词:［］分开，分离separation n.U▲搭配把和分开
①separate Afrom BAB
③separate sthupinto…把.......提成几分▲辨析都含“分开”的意思separate;divide;part指“把本来在一起的人或物分开”例如:separate Separatethose twoboys whoare fighting,will你把那两个打架的孩子拉开，好吗？you指“施加外力或自然地把某人或某物由整体提成若干部分”divide指“把亲密有关的人或物分开”，尚有“分手”之意part【考例】NMET Aswe joinedthe bigcrowd Igot frommy friends.A.separated B.spared C.lost D.missed［考察目的］动词的词义separate［答案与解析］和搭配有被动意义，表A separatedget示“被隔开；被分隔”[牛刀小试1]用所给单词的合适形式填空advance,means,cost,protect,fear,separate
1.The teacherimproved the students Englishbyofdictation andrecitation,means
2.All the goods mealmost halfa milliondollars,cost
3.We mustthe wildanimals from the hunting,protect
4.Every babyshouldbe after he is horn.separated
5.None of them deathwhen theenemy came into thevillage,feared
6.There are too manypeople,so you should havebought aticket in.advance☆词语比较☆
2.strike,hit,beat⑴hit vt.
①打；敲；击；击中；射中He hita ball over thefence./The stonehit himon thehead.
②使.......受到打击The badnews hitevery onehard.2beat vt.vi.
①持续有节奏地打；敲The rainheat against the window.
②心跳动His hearthad stoppedbeating.
③鸟翼扑动The birdbeat itswings rapidlyas itflew on.
④打败；打赢；取胜Our championcan beat all runnersin the country.⑶strike vt.vi.
①打；敲；击；砍；打中；击中He struckme with his fist.The housewas struck by lightning.
②发起攻打；袭击He movedaway asthe animalstruck.
③撞；触礁His headstruck the table ashe fell.
④擦（火柴）I strucka matchand heldit to his cigarette.
⑤（某种想法）忽然出现；忽然想起，相称于occur toAhappy thoughtstruck her.
⑥给人深刻印象（常用于被动语态）I wasstruckbyher beauty.
⑦罢工They arestriking forhigher pay.
⑧（钟）敲（响）We waitedfor theclock tostrike six.
3.complete,finish可作形容词，表达“彻底的；全面的”complete与表达“完毕”时的区别complete finish⑴complete作及物动词，只接n.或pron.,常用于完毕预定的任务，工程建设等The railwayis notcompletedyet.⑵finish vi./vt.指完毕,结束一件事情；可接n.或doing如finish oneshomework/middle school/writing thebook☆短语归纳☆
1.cut down（）砍彳到1If youcut down all thetrees youwill rain theland.（）减少；削减2I havedecided to cut downmy smoking.含的短语
2.get回来，恢复，送回
①get back下来，动身，起飞
③起床，站起来
②get offget up上（车）
④get on与某人相处.某事的进展
⑤get on/along with聚首，碰头
⑦逃离
⑥get togetherget away from站起来
⑨卜来
3.get awayfrom挣脱1Ways must be foundto get awayfrompoverty.走开；离开2She didntget awayuntil ninelast night.⑶逃走，使离开The bankrobbers useda stolencar toget away.⑷拿走Get all thee partydishes away!
4.get closeto靠近；靠近1close adj.The churchis closeto the shops.亲密；亲密Are youa closefriend of theirs⑵close adv.靠近；靠近He wasstanding closeto the door.⑶close v.关上；关闭不开发;结束加上She closedher eyes./Her eyesclosed.I紧密地；仔细地；亲密地4closely adv.He gotclosely intouch with the magazinesof today.The littlebaby wasclosely lookedafter byher.［比较］与作副词时,含详细之意，含抽象之意1close closelyclose closely类似的词组有高-高度地，深深地-深入地,很开，2high highlydeep deeplywide宽--广泛地，低的--低贱的作形容词widely lowlowly交上去给老师或上级;交来
5.hand inhand v.Each studenthastohand ina compositiononceaweek.［比较］传下来；传给1hand downOur fatherhanded down these customsto us.2handon・・・to・••传给,传递They willhand thephotograph tothose whohave notseen it.发给大家；散发3hand outThe teacherhanded outthe booksat the beginning ofthe lesson.
6.instead of替代.......1instead of+n./pron.Give methe redone insteadOf thegreen one.2instead of+doingWe walkeddownthestairs instead of takingthe elevator.介词短语3insteadof+He studiesin theevening insteadof duringthe day.［比较］
7.take摄影，拍照
①take apicture打的坐公交车等
②take a taxi/bus,etc.拿走，夺取，使拜别
③take away小心，照顾，保管
④takecareof脱，去掉，取消，起飞
⑤take off
⑦take oneKplace发生，产生
⑧take place做运动
9.watch outYoullbe cheatedif you dont watch out.提防；当心、1watch out for=look outforYou mustalways watchoutfor the traffichere!⑵watch over照看；看守；负责The motherbird iswatching overher young.,含“动词+短语10out”出来，出版，传出
①come out出去，熄灭，不时兴
②go out当心，注意
③look out
⑤rush out尝试，试验
⑥try out小心
⑦watchout穿破，用坏，使疲乏，消磨
⑧wear out找出，查出
⑨find out填写，完毕.设法应付⑩makeout出去，逃离，泄露，公布get out看出，选出pick out想出think out发出，筋疲力尽give out出发，陈说set out［例句］请出去告诉孩子们不要吵闹/Please go out andtell the children to make lessnoise.These这些自彳亍车匆忙大量生产，没有bicycles have been rushedout andnot up to ourusual standard,到达我们的正常原则,小心，火车来了/Watch out.The trainis coming/Your willwear outyour朋友，最终我们会没有耐心的patience intime,my friend.【考低!1湖匕J1This picturewas taken alongtime ago.I wonderif youcan myfather.A.find outB.pick outC.look outD.speak out［考察目的］此题重要考察构成的短语意思区别out［答案与解析］意为“挑选，辨别出；意为“找出.发现；意为“留B pickout findout lookout神，注意意为“大声说出”speak out［牛刀小试］2请根据句意，选用所给短语的合适形式填空get away,take up,take on,think out,get downto
1.-Shall weset offright now-Sorry.Im toobusy tofor the moment,get away
2.The finalexamination iscoming:you reallymust yourstudies,getdown
3.The managerdoesnt havemuch freetime ashis worknearly allhis sparetime,takes up
4.We alsoshared anumber ofqualities whichwe fellwere in our favorwhen wethe task,took on
5.He mighthave hisidea about the artexhibition muchbetter,if hehad plannedwhat heMyinterests are...
2.Did youhave agood flightYou mustbevery tired.Just makeyourselfathome.I begyour pardonCanyoutellmehow topronounce...Get it.☆单词聚焦☆的使用方法
1.argue v.▲构词［］争论［］讨论.辩论［］论据argument n.L C
2.U
3.C▲搭配与某人争论某事
①argue with/against sb.over/on/about sth.辩论赞成/反对某事
②argue for/against sth.主张，认为,争辩说
③argue that…说服某人做/不做某事
④argue sb into/out of doing sth.▲友谊提醒:“说服某人做/不做某事”还可体现为talk/persuade/reason sb.into/out of doingsth.处理争端
⑤settle theargument▲友谊提醒为某事和某人而发生的争执an argumentwithsbabout/over sth.【考例】（意大What laughingwe had about thesocially respectablemethod formoving spaghetti利式细面条）（全国卷）from plateto mouth.IA.speeches B.lessons C.sayings D.arguments［考察目的］名词形式的词义argue［答案与解析］的词义是“争辩,辩论”D argument的使用方法
2.compare v.▲构词比较comparison n.▲搭配
①compare...to...比拟；比作
③对笔记；互换意见compare notes【考彳列］胡」匕）with thesize ofthe wholeearth,the biggestocean doesnot seembig at all.A.Compare B.When comparingC.Comparing D.When compared［考察目的］的使用方法compare［答案与解析］本句用在句首作状语，并有“被比较”的意思D compare的使用方法
3.consider v.▲构词.考虑，思索；体谅，顾及consideration n▲搭配
①consider doingsth.考虑做某事
④take sthinto consideration考虑
⑤under consideration在考虑中【考例】（）Charles Babbageis generallyconsidered thefirst computer.NMET1993A.to inventB.inventingC.to haveinvented D.having invented［考察目的］的几种常见使用方法consider［答案与解析］自身是被动语态时，后接不定式的多种构造假如表达已经发生的事C consider情.用不定式的完毕形式wanted tosay.thought out☆句型归纳☆.
1.You shouldntgoraftingunlessyou know howto swim,and you should alwayswear alife jacket除非你会游泳，并且要一直穿着救生衣，否则就不应当去做漂流运动该句中的引导状语从句例如:unless Onecant learna foreignlanguage wellunless hestudies hard.引导的条件状语从句，一般可以与互换还要注意引导的从句常常可以省unless if…not…unless略【考例】北京春招2001The menwill haveto waitall daythe doctorworks faster.A.if B.unless C.whether D.that［考察目的］状语从句［答案与解析］句子意思是“假如医生不快点工作，B这些人将不得不等一成天，，应当选unless生态
2.Eco-travel isa way to findout whatcan be done to help animalsand plantsas well as people.游可以找到既协助他人.又协助动植物的途径该句中的是连词，连接两个并列成分例如as well as Hecan speakGerman as well asFrench.常见的使用方法是副词，意思是“好，优秀”，是形容词同级比较构造
1.well as well as是固定短语,意思是“和”，相称于…“
2.as wellas“not only…but also连接两个并列成分作主语时，句子的谓语动词应当与前面那个名词或代词的人称或
3.as wellas数保持一致还可当作复杂介词用，意思是“除了……之外，尚有“；相称于
4.as wellas“besides,apart from”是副词短语，意思是“也”，相称于常位于句尾，与位置相称
5.as well,“too/also”too
3.Before shecould move,she hearda loudnoise.但还没有回过身来，洪水便迫近了However,before shecould thinktwice,the waterwas uponher.她该两句中的用作连词，后接时间状语从句用作连词，接时间状语从句时，表达before before“在……之前”但在不一样的语境中，往往有比较灵活的译法例如He knockedme down他差一点把我撞倒，才看到我beforehesaw me.【考例】广东The AmericanCivil Warlasted fouryears theNorth wonin the end.A.after B.before C.when D.then［考察目的］时间状语从句的引导词选择［答案与解析］表达“直到……”B before
4.Tree aftertree wentdown,cut downby thewater,which must have beenthree metersdeep.洪水想必深达三米，树一棵接一棵地倒了，被洪水冲断了该句中的表达推测例如must havebeen Youlook sotired.You must have stayedup last night.情态动词常用来表达推测多用在肯定句中，may,might,most,can,could may,might,must can,多用在否认句和疑问句中后接动词原形表达对目前的推测；could may,might,must,can,could后接表达对过去的推测例如may,might,must,can,could havedoneYou maybeaprofessor./She must have meta fairy.【考例】（辽宁）This cakeis verysweet.You a lot ofsugar init.A.should putB.could haveputC.might put D.musthaveput［考察目的］情态动词表达推测［答案与解析］前文说蛋糕很甜，由此可知一定是糖D放多了对于过去的动作的推测应使用的havedone构造，因此应在、之间做选择，又由于BDcould have表达本可以做而没有做，因此选择done D她听见了很响的声音，接着就
1.Look!The monkeyis climbingthe bananatree.表达目前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作（说话时动作不一定正在进行）
2.Weare preparingfor the meeting to be heldnext Fridaynow.表达说话人目前对主语的行为表达赞叹、惊讶、厌恶等（常与
3.always,constantly,continually,等副词连用），表反复的动作（表赞许）all thetime,forever He is alwaysthink-ing ofothers.She.（表厌恶）（表埋怨）isalwaysasking thesame questionYou are always changingyour mind.表达在近来计划或安排要进行的动作常用于等
4.go,come,leave,start,arrive,return,work,stay表移动、方向的动词He isstarting the work ina fewminutes./He isleaving forBeijing tomorrowmorning.［注意］不用进行时的词有L（）系动词等1feel,sound,smell,taste,look,appear,seem,remain,prove表成果的感官动词等2see,notice,hear非延续性的动词,此动作开始即是结束:3enter,accept,receive表心理状态，存在状态，拥有的动词4love,like,hate,care,dislike,respect,prefer,know,understand,forget,remember,believe,want,wish,hope,mind,agree,belong to,depend on,own,等have用进行时的特殊词有系动词等表由一种状态转入另一种
5.get,turn,grow,become,go,come,fall状态时,用进行时表达渐近Today,many riversthat werepolluted aregetting cleanerand cleaner.当今，许多过去遭污染的河流又变得越来越清澈了［比较］目前进行时表未来的使用方法与一般未来时的区别⑴目前进行时表近期的，事先已经计划安排好的-How areyou gettingto the airport--By taxi.Bob iscoming withme to the airport.和62will doshall do
①表客观未来用于第一人称，用于第
一、shall will
二、三人称I will/shall finishmiddle schoolnext month.
②表有科学根据的预测The weatherreport saysit willrain tomorrow.
③表客观必然Man willmake mistakes.73be going to
①表目前打算在近期或未来要做某事Im going to finishmy homeworktonight.
②表根据已经有迹象的预测Its sodark outside,I thinkits going to rain.不与连用,而用咳式3be going tocome,go becoming,be goingJ Maryiscominghere thisevening.［注意］表计划、安排、规定要做的事，用此外，表达准时刻表运行的动作常用一般目前“be+to do”时表未来The meetingis to be heldat9:00a.m./Our planeleaves at6:00a.m..［牛刀小试］3吉林
1.you callme tosay yourenot coming,Ill seeyou at the theatre.A.Though B.Whether C.Until D.Unless
2.Now that youve gota chance,you makefull useof it.NMET1999A.had betterto B.might aswellC.might aswellasD.would rather天津
3.It wasevening wereached thelittle townof Winchester.A.that B.until C.since D.before上海春招
4.There isno lightin thedormitory.They musthave goneto thelecture,A.didnt theyB.dont theyC.mustn*t theyD.havent they匕京春招
5.The result oftheexperiment wasvery good,we hadntexpected.WA.when B.that C.which D.whatDBDDC☆交际速成☆【考点］.谈论意愿和打算江苏1Talking aboutintentions andplans一How longareyou staying--1dontknow..A.Thats OKB.Never mindC.It dependsD.It doesntmatter［答案与解析］本题考察详细语境下被问询打算时的应答项用于回答感谢和道歉，、C AB两项用于回答道歉，项表达“看状况而定”D C【归纳】英语中常见体现意愿和打算的用语有
①Ill gowithyou.
②Im going to seemy headteacher thisafternoon.
③Id liketomake a phonecall to her afterclass.
④I want/hope tofind anEnglish penfriend.
⑤I planto goto Hangzhouthis summer.
⑥We areready tomove toa newhouse.
⑦Bill intendsto spendhis vocationin California.
⑧Im thinkingof drivingto Beijing.
⑨Where wouldyouprefergoing...⑩How wouldyou liketo goto...When areyou goingoff to...How areyou goingto...【考点】祝愿2Expressing goodwishes（广东）Tom:Mike,our teamwill play againsttheRockets this weekend.Im surewe willwin.Mike:!A.Congratulations B.CheersC.Best wishesD.Good luck［答案与解析］考察祝愿用语在比赛前表达祝愿的话用用于成D Good lucko Congratulations功之后的祝贺意为“干杯多用于书面语，表达“万事如意”的意思Cheers Best wishes【归纳】英语中常见体现祝愿的用语有
①Have agood day/time!2Have agood journey/trip!3Goodluck!4Enjoy yourself!5Bestwishesto you!6Happy NewYear!7Happy birthday!8Merry Christmas!应答语有1Thank you.2You,too.3The same to you.【考点］描述人物的情感3Describing emotions（上海春招）—Im afraidI cantfinish thebook withinthisweek.A.Please go ahead B.Thats all rightC.Not at allD.Take yourtime［答案与解析］本题考察时表达遗憾情感的应答项表达“请吧，说吧”，用于回答许可或D A让对方先行、两项是感谢或道歉的答语，项表达“别着急，慢慢来”，符合语境B CD【归纳】中学英语中描述人物情感的用语有
①（恐惊）Help!/How terrible!/Im afraid of.../Im afraidto.../You scaredme!/It scaresme!
②（快乐）（）Its welldone!/How wonderful!/Thats great!/Im pleasedto...
③（惊奇）Really!/Oh dear!/Is that so/What asurprise!/How surprising!
④（忧虑）Whats wrong/whats thematter/Anything wrong/What shouldwe do
⑤（安慰）（）There,there./Dont be afraid./Dont worry./Its quiteall right./Itll beOK/allright.
⑥（满意）Good!/Well done!/Perfect!/Thats fine./Thats better.
⑦（遗憾）Im sosorry!/Its a great pity!/What ashame!/Thats toobad!
⑧（同情）（）Im sosorry!/Im sosorry aboutyour illness./Im sorryto hear that.
⑨（愤怒）Damn!/How annoying!⑩（鼓励）Well done!/Come on!/Keep trying./Youcando it!［牛刀小试］
41.-Id liketo take a weeksholiday.-,were toobusy.A.Dont worryB.Dont mentionitC.Forget itD.Pardon me
2.-I wasso surethat ourexperiment was goingtosucceed,but somethingwent wrongat the lastmoment.-,but dontgive itup.A.Find outthe reasonB.Never mindC.Im sorryto hear that D.You dontmean that
3.-I justheard that the ticketsfortonightsshow havebeen soldout.-Oh no!.A.I waslooking forwardto that B.It doesntmatterC.Iknewit alreadyD.Its not at all interesting
4.--We are goingtotravel toItaly.-.A.Good byeB.Go aheadC.I liketo go,too D.Have agood time
5.-Id ratherhave sometea,if youdont mind.A.Thank youvery muchB.Yes,I likesoC.No,its nothingD.Of course,anything youwantCCADD☆精典题例☆
1.Rainforests andburned atsuch aspeed that they willdisappear from the earthin thenear（春上海）future.NMETA.cut B.are cutC.are beingcut D.had beencut【解析】选本题是在语境中考察目前进行时的被动语态本句意为“雨林以这样的速度被砍C伐和焚烧，会导致它在很快的未来从地球上消失”体会语境和句意便知此处选择项，表达现C阶段在进行的动作
2.Twenty-three hours has passedaftertheexplosion in the mine,but rescueefforts torecover themissingcarried out.A.are stillbeing B.have alreadybeenC.arealwaysD.will soonbe【解析】选本句意为“矿井爆炸已过小时了，但对失踪人员的搜索还在进行中”A
233.-When areyou leaving-My planeat10:
45.A.takes offB.took offC.is aboutto take off D.will take off【解析】选飞机是准时刻表运行的A
4.-Excuse me,what timeisitnow-Sorry,my watch.It at theshop.A.isnt working;is beingrepairedB.doesnt work;is beingrepairedC.isnt working;is repairedD.doesnt work;is repaired【解析】选阐明“手表不工作”的状态，而不只是目前才坏了后句意为“手B doesntwork表正在商店里修理”，故应用is beingrepaired
6.He madeamistake,but thenhe correctedthe situationit gotworse.A.until B.when C.before D.as【解析】选意思是“在事情尚未变得更糟之前及C时纠正错误”
7.--There issomething wrongwith mybike.-It doesntmatter.I lendyou mine.A.am toB.am goingto C.wasgoingto D.will【解析】选表达按计划安排未来的动作，表达近来打算做某事，川在此D beto begoingtow是情态动词，表达“意志;意愿“I willtell youall aboutit.
8.Children at thebeginningofthiscentury a lot andthemselves greatlyeven withouttelevision.A.usedto read;enjoying B.usedtoread;enjoyedC.were usedto reading;enjoyD.were usedtoread;enjoying【解析】选前后时态要保持一致B高一英语各单元知识点总结及重难点解析Unit5-6☆重点句型☆
1.While stilla student,she playedroles inmany plays.连词+名词做时间状语…连词+过去分词做时间状语
2.When askedabout thesecret of his success,Steven Spielbergsaid连词+目前分词做时间状语
3.When drinkingto someoneshealth,you raiseyour glasses.做形式主语
4.Its acustom in China to have sometea beforethe mealis served.It
5.Many peoplelike thisfilm notjust because...,but also并列连词because...
6.Having goodtable mannersmeans knowing...动名词做主宾语☆重点词汇☆评论
1.comment v.结婚
2.marry v.发明
3.create v.攻打
4.attack v.残酷
5.cruelty n.逃跑
6.escape v.忠告；提议
7.advice n.花得起（钱、时间）
8.afford v.鼓励
9.encourage v.研究
10.research n.打断；打扰
11.interrupt v,道歉
12.apologize v.祈求；祈祷
13.pray v.原谅；宽恕
14.forgive v.相配；相适应
15.match v.礼貌
16.manners n.象
17.impression n.E[J活的；直播的（地）
18.live adj.adv.习惯；风俗
19.custom n.简介；引进
20.introduce vt.☆重点短语☆脱掉；起飞；成功
1.take off出错；出问题
2.go wrong情不自禁做某事
3.cant helpdoing替代某人
4.take onesplace追逐；追踪
5.run after获奖
6.win a prize
8.call for总共
9.in all饰演角色（作用）
10.play a role挣钱
11.makemoney争取过来
12.win over从事，致力于
13.work on把成功归功于某人
14.owe success to
15.start with以.......开始逃学
16.run awayfrom school正在播出的
17.on theair进行调查
18.do research加速
19.speed up追随时尚
20.follow thefashion☆短语闯关☆下列短语都是这两个单元学过的重要短语，请你根据汉语在横线上填入一种对的的词，每个词分，分才480能过关你一定能过关，做好了闯关的准备吗那么我们就开始吧？银幕，电影业I.screen成功；成名；脱掉衣服；飞机起飞
2.take走错路；误入歧途；不对头；出毛病
3.wrong
5.all不在家，外出
6.stay小学
7.school将某人锁于某处不得进出；将某人监禁起来
8.lock sb—追赶
9.run送回某人
10.bring sb正在播出的
11.theair
13.leave盯着
14.stare以某人为笑柄
15.make aboutsb
17.win
19.look sb
21.a prize因某事向某人道歉
22.to sb for doing sth
24.silent拜访
25.pay avisit☆交际用语☆
1.What doyou thinkhas happened
2.What doyouknow about...
3.How doyou like.../What doyou thinkof.../What dbyou feel...
4.May Iinterrupt youfor amoment
5.Excuse me/Forgive mefor.../I apologize for...
6.Im very/so/terriblysorry.Its allmy fault.
7.Thats allright./Thats OK./No problem.
1.1wish youall thebest.
9.Im sorry.I didntmean to...（）
10.Let*s drink a toastto...!☆单词聚焦☆
1.afford⑴（和连用）有（时间、经济等）条件（做某事）+can,could,be ableto todoWe cant affordto paysuch aprice..（出得起；买得起等）afford+n./pronThey donotconsider whethertheycanafford it or not.⑵经得起（做某事或发生某事）（多+tdo）He could not affordto losehis fortuneentirely.的使用方法
2.apologize▲构词:辩解,道歉apology n.▲搭配（）的（）向某人为某事（为
①apologize to sbfor doing sth=make an apology sbfordoing sth做了某事）道歉为自己辩解或辩护
②apologizeforoneself【考例】［］NMET1993The captain an apologytothepassengers for the delaycaused bybadweather.A.made B.said C.putD.passed［考察目的］及其名词的使用方法和搭配apologize［答案与解析］的意思是“道歉”A make anapology的使用方法
3.choice▲搭配选择
①make achoice挑选,选择,选定
②make choiceof任意挑选
③make/take oneschoice
4.determine▲构词决心，决断，决意；决定，确定determination n.▲搭配决定做某事
①determine to do sth（）决定
②determine on/upon doing sth有次断力的人
5.encourage▲构词,鼓励的，予以但愿的，振奋人心的令人欢欣鼓舞的
①encouraging adj被鼓励的，受到鼓舞的
②encouraged adj.鼓励，鼓励
③encouragement n.使泄气；劝阻
④discourage v.▲搭配
①encourage sb to dosth鼓励某人做某事
6.escape vi,vt escaped,escaping逃走；跑掉+1from/out of=run awayfromThe soldierescaped from the enemysprison.逃脱;逃避+2n./doingHe narrowlyescaped death/being killed.Theres nowaytoescape doingthe work.还可表达escape
①液体等漏出煤气从管中漏出gas escapingfrom thepipe Waterescaped rapidlyfromthe水从排水管中迅速流出drainpipe.
②防止免于一死怎么也避不开他escaped deathThere isno escapinghim.
③疏忽，忽视.什么也逃不过他的注意Nothing escapedhis attentionYou cannotexpect that,你不要奢望有什么能逃过老师的注意something mayescape the teachers attentionescapen
①逃走小偷逃走了The thiefmade hisescape.
②气体漏出,泄出;解闷她读爱情小说解闷She readslove storiesas anescape.空无一人的；被遗弃的；被抛弃的
4.deserted adj.空无一人的空无一人的街道，地区；办1a desertedstreet/area Theoffice wasquite deserted.公室里空无一人⑵被遗弃的被遗弃的孩子a desertedchild沙漠3desert[dezot]n.丢弃；遗弃desert[dlzo:t]vt.He desertedhis wifeand childrenafter becomingrich.
5.difficulty n.一般作复数难事，难点,难题1difficultyShe metwith manydifficulties whentravelling.在如下句型中，是不可数名词，不能用复数形式2difficultyhave some difficulty in doing sth.干某事有困难there issomedifficultyin doing sth.have somedifficulty with sth.在某事上有困难there issomedifficulty with sth.困难地/轻而易举地做某事dosth.with difficulty/without difficultyWe hada lot ofdifficultyinfinding yourhouse.Do youhave anydifficultywithyour English【注意】以上句型中，前可加修饰1difficulty some,little,much,a lot of,no,any以上句型中,亦可用来替代2trouble difficultyo最爱慕的；最爱慕的人或事物
6.favourite=favorite A.E最爱慕的1adj.My favoritesport isplaying football.⑵n.[C]最爱慕的人或事物Heisa favoritewith hisuncle.的使用方法
7.fun▲构词.有趣的.滑稽的，好笑的；奇特的，古怪的funny adj▲搭配取笑；嘲弄；开某人的玩笑
①make funof取乐,非认真地,说/做着玩的
②justfor/in fur=just forthe funof it
④have funwithsb.玩得很快乐,玩得很开心
⑤have somefun干某事很有趣；干某事真是一件趣事；干某事真开心
⑥ts greatfun to dosth干某事多么有趣呀！
⑦What funit isto dosth!干某事玩得很开心
⑧have alotoffun doingsth【考例】上海春招200This isnotamatch.Were play-ing chessjust for.A.habit B.hobby C.fun D.game[考察目的]构成的短语的意思fun forfun[答案与解析]常在句中用作状语，意思是“说/做着玩的”C,forfun的使用方法
8.imagine▲构词想像，想像力，想像的事物
②富有想像力的
①imagination n.[C/U]imaginative adj.▲搭配:完全出乎意料地
①imagine sth/doingsth
②beyond allimagination的使用方法
7.hunt▲构词猎人，搜寻者hunter n.▲搭配追猎；寻找，搜寻
①hunt for/after找出；调查出
②hunt out【考彳列1He wanderedin thestreet,a newjacket for his nephew.A.hunting forB.waiting for［考察目的］本题考察的意思C.shooting for D.aiming forhunt for［答案与解析］本来是“猎取”的意思，引中为“搜寻，寻找”A huntfor象
8.impression n.给某人象1impression on sb.His speechmadea strong impressiononhisaudience.对某事物象；想法2impression ofsth.Thats myfirst impressionofthenew college.予以某人深刻印象=.使某人铭记3impress sb.with sth.impress sth.onsbThe teacherimpressedon hisstudents theimportance ofspeaking.=The teacherimpre-ssed hisstudents with theimportance ofspeaking.的使用方法
9.interrupt vt,vi
①阻断；中断另打断我市Dont interruptme.Traffic in the citywas interruptedbyasnowstorm.内交通被暴风雪所阻断
②打岔；插嘴It isrude to interrupt.打断他人的话,是不礼貌的uDont interrupt,v hesaid.“别插话他说J▲构词打岔者，打断者
①interrupter n.打岔.打断，使中断的事物
②interruption n.【考例】［山西模拟］Be quiet!Its rudeto peoplewhen theyare talking.A.stop B.introduce C.prevent D.interrupt［考察目的］的词义interrupt［答案与解析］的意思是“打断；使中断”.D interrupt后接指人或指物的多种名词
11.moment n.
①半晌;瞬间.他一会儿就来此刻我正He will be here inamoment AtthemomentI amworking.在工作
②时机；机遇；时宜,你选个合适的时机去拜访他Choose yourmoment to visit him
③重要性a matterof greatmoment一件极重要的事情▲搭配随时；在任何时候;立即
①at anymoment在最终关头
②at thelast moment此刻；合法那时
③at themoment时时刻刻
④every moment半晌
⑤foramoment一会儿，很快；立即，立即@inamoment
12.owe owed,owing▲搭配
①常与连用欠，欠债.我感谢你的协助也可以是或for I owe youfor your help owe sth.owe sb.食品要英镑，可我只付了英镑，因sth Thefood cost£4,but Ionly paid£3soIstill owe£
1.43此我还欠英镑.我该向你道歉1I oweyou anapology☆owe sbsth for sth或owesth to sbfor sth为…欠某人…
②对…负有义务；感恩；感谢我们十分感谢父母We oweour parentsalot.
③常与连用归功于；由于她把成功归功于幸运to She owes hersuccessto good luck,The young年轻作家把自己的成功归于他老师的鼓励writer owedhis successtohisteachers encouragement.【考例】［湖北阿How muchdoIyou Oh,no,Paul said.A.Owe B.lend C.give D.offer［考察目的］考察的词义和使用方法owe［答案与解析］表达“欠”的时候是及物动词，可以接双宾语A owe原因；理由
13.reason n.1+to dosth.You haventany reasonto leaveme.2+for sth./doing Peoplemusthave a reasonfor sayingsuch things.从句；从句用引导3+why/for whichThat isthe reasonwhy youshould leave.为了某种原因4for+reason,Heisretiring forreasons ofhealth.［比较］原因；起因”cause火灾的起因引起某种后果的起因the causeofthefire迟到的理由做某件事的理由the reasonfor beinglate
16.speed▲搭配以很大的速度
①atahigh speed用全速，开足马力,竭力快地;
②at full/top speed用全速，开足马力
③with great/an speed加速,快点
④speed up【考仞J1Wehadtried ourbest butthe bossstill shouted,!A.Speed up B.No hurryC.Wait aminute D.Slow down［考察目的］本题考察及其构成的短语的意思speed［答案与解析］意思是“加速，快点”的意思A speedup的使用方法凝视，注视
17.stare vi,vt-stared,staring.他盯着这个单词，努力想记起它的意思He stared at theword trying to rememberwhat itmeant［习常用语］近在眼前；摆在眼前stare onein theface▲辨析:gaze；stare；glare这组动词的一般含义是“凝视”表达“目不转睛地看”，并具有“惊叹”、“羡慕”或“入迷”的意思例如gaze Shegazed at她对地毯凝视了一会the carpetfor sometime,and thenadded,You dontneed bookcasesat all.儿，然后补充说“你主线不需要书柜”尤其表达“睁大眼睛凝视”，并具有“惊奇”、“傲慢”或“茫然”的意思例如stare那位贵族对那张空白纸凝视了几秒The noblestaredat the blanksheet ofpaper fora fewseconds,钟表达“凶狠并且带有威胁性的瞪眼睛”的意思例如glare Thetrapped eagleglared athis captors.被诱捕到的雄鹰凶狠地瞪着捕捉它的人【考例】［］NMET1999him and then tryto copywhat hedoes.A.Mind B.Glance atC.Stare atD.Watch［考察目的］等近义词辨别stare［答案与解析］意思是“观测”，是长时间关注;而却是“盯着”具有惊奇、D watchstare at傲慢的感情色彩
18.trouble麻烦；烦恼；烦心的事可数，不可数1It isa pityto giveyou somuch trouble./Life isfull oftroubles.困难;费事不可数2have trouble with sth./have trouble in doingsth.=difficulty Didyou havemuch troubleinfinding thepost office/I hopeyou wonthave anytrouble with the work.［有关短语］自寻烦恼；自找麻烦1ask fortrouble Whatmade youwrite sucha letterIt was asking fortrouble.有烦事;有困难；出事；惹麻烦2be introuble Henever cameexcept when hewasintrouble.给某人导致麻烦;增添麻烦3put sb.to troubleI amsorryforputting youto somuchtrouble.费心做某事；费心［牛4take trouble to dosth.It wasgood ofyouto take thetroubletohelp us.刀小试］用所给单词的合适形式填空1speed,owe,encourage,decide,moment,apologize
1.will neverforget thegiven byMr.Wang,which helpedme overcomealotdifficulty.
2.1have madea thatevery departmentin ourcompany shouldbuy acomputer ofthis kind.
1.1recognized theman theI sawhim atthe corner.
4.Since itwas abit later,we had to up.
5.We mustour successto our parents and teachers.
7./He wonby fivepoints./He wonher loveat last./He wonthefirstplaceinthecompetition.对手,表打败尤指体育比赛2beat+I caneasily beathim atgolf.表战胜，接对手3defeat Theenemy wasdefeated inthe battle.
2.intheend,finally,at last三者均可表达“通过周折、等待、耽误最终，终于”之意不一样的是一般用在句finally中动词前面，而与的位置则较为灵活；三者中语气最为强烈，且可单独at lastintheend at last作为感慨句使用After puttingitoffthree times,we finallymanaged to haveaholiday inDalian./Atlast heknew themeaning oflife./At last!Where onearth haveyoubeen/But intheendhe gavein.此外，还可用在列举事项时,引出最终一种内容，相称于finally lastlyFirstly,we should makeaplan;secondly,we shouldcarry itout;finally weshouldmakea conclu-sion.
3.by sea,by the sea,inthe sea,onthesea,at sea“走海路，乘船”，用来表达交通方式，同同义1by sea by shipThese heavyboxes shouldbesent bysea.在海边，相称于2by theseabyattheseaside The children enjoyedthemselves by theseaonChildrens Day.”在海里，在海水中”3inthesea Thereare manyplants andanimals inthesea.”在海面上”，“在海岸边”4onthesea Iwant tolive ina townwith abeautiful positiononthe sea.在海上；在航海5at seaWhen hewoke up,the shipwas atsea.
4.be afraid,be afraidto dosth.,be afraidofdoingsth.意为“紧张，胆怯”，多用于口语，常用来表达一种歉意，或遗憾，后可接或1be afraidso也可接从句其语意相称于…not,that Im afraid thatIm sorry,but我们准时吗？一恐怕不准日寸-Are weon timeIm afraidnot.Imafraidyoull getcaught intherain.常表达”由于胆小而不敢做某事2be afraidto dosth She is afraidto behere alone./He isafraidto jumpinto theriver fromthe bridge.常表达“紧张或胆怯某事发生”3be afraidofdoingsth.I was afraidofhurting herfeelings.
5.live,living,alive,lively（）1live adj.
①活的；活生生的；（只修饰生物;只作前置定语）The laboratoryis doingexperiments withseverallive monkeys.
②实况直播的（不是录音）It wasnta recordedshow.It waslive.
③带电的;燃着的；可爆炸的This isa livewire.（）活着的，有生命的（作表语或定语）2living adj.She was,he thought,thebestliving novelistin.（或）England./The oldman isstill livingalive（）.
①活着的；
②有活力的;有生气3alive adj作后置定语Whos thegreatest manalive作表语Was thesnake aliveor dead/My grandmotheris morealive thanalotof youngpeople.作补语:Lets keepthefishalive.（）活泼的；有生气的；活跃的（作表语或定语）4lively adj.The musicis brightand lively.
6.take off,take down,take in,take on,take up（）1takeoff
①（飞机）起匕A helicopteris abletotakeoff andland straightup ordown.
②脱下（衣裳等）；取下He tookoff hiswet shoes./Who tookthe knoboff thedoor
③休假；请假；歇工When his wife wassick hetookofffrom work.
④（指观念、产品）大受欢迎；（事业）忽然发达，成功The newtype ofcell phoneshas reallytakenoff./His businessbegan totakeoffwhen hewasin his forties.（）2take down
①拿下来；取下来He reacheduptothe thirdshelf ofthe bookcaseand tookdownadictionary.己下来
②t Heread outthe namesand hissecretary tookthem down.（）3take in
①接受（房客，客人等）；收留The farmerstookinthe losttravelers forthe night.
②理解；领会；明白The boyscouldnottake in his meaning.
③包括；波及The studyof physicstakes inmany differentsubjects.
④使上当；欺骗We werecompletely takenin byher story.（）4take on
①接受；从事（某工作）After his father died,Bill tookonthemanagement ofthe factory.
②雇用Is thesupermarket takingon anymore assis-tant
③具有（新面貌、意思等）The cityhas takenonanew look.（）5take up
①从事某项活动；发展某种爱好So manyyoung menwant totake upwriting.
②开始做（某项工作）；开始学习（某个课程）Then shetook upthe taskof gettingthe breakfast./He droppedmedicine andtook upphysics.
③占去（时间或空间）The meetingtook upthe wholemorning./The tabletakes uptoo muchroom.
④接受Id liketotakeup youroffer ofa rideinto town.
7.call for,call on,call up（）1call for
①来找（某人）；来取（某物）Ill callfor youat yourhouse.
②规定；需要Success inschool callsfor muchhardwork.（）2call on拜访；去会某人1call on/upon sb.I hopeto call onyouat youroffice at3o clocktoday.口某人做某事
③号2callon/upon sb.to dosth.i#/U Hecalled uponmetospeak immediately.召；呼吁；规定The Presidentcalled onhis peopleto servethecountry.（）3call up
②征召入役；调用后备部队Three boysinourstreet werecalled uplast week.
8.too much,much too“太多”之意，可以作形容词，修饰不可数名词，也可作副词，修饰动词1too muchThereis toomuch rainhereinspring./She talkedtoomuchatthemeeting.简直太，过于，只能作副词，用来修饰形容词或别的副词，不能修饰动词2much tooThisbook ismuch toodifficult forme./The oldman walksmuch tooslowly.
10.arise,rise,raise.使……上升；升起；提高”等；raisevt”上升;升起”；rise vi.arise vi.“站起来stand up”，“起床get up”，rise和arise用作站起,起床都属正式使用方法；重要表达“出现、发生”等意思抬高arise Sheraised hervoice inanger.The windraised thefallen舌起leaves fromthe ground.U Thechild rosefromtheground andran tohis mother.=Thechild爬起起raised himselffromtheground andran tohis mother.She risesbefore it is light.床出现☆短语归纳☆Difficulties willarise aswe dothework.禁不住做某事，不由得不做某事
2.go到处走/跑,疾病流传，谣言传开；追求；说吧，请吧，做吧；
①go aroundgo after go ahead离开，出去go away走网头路，翻悔变化；变坏；去划船
②go backgo badgo boating去钓鱼;去散步
③go fishinggo fora walk去徒步旅行；回家
④go hikinggo home爱慕，从事于；进入，加入
⑤go infor go into发疯
⑥go mad拜别，去世；继续，进展，根据；继续做；出去，发出去，熄
⑦go offgo on go ondoing goout灭，不时兴；研究，检查，搜查g over去商店；去滑冰；沿着；去游泳
⑧go shoppinggo skatinggo straightalong goswimming通过，经受，仔细检查；上床
⑨go throughgotobed上升⑩go up走错路，误入歧途go wrong［例句］我们要逐条研究Well gothrough theitems onebyone.She has gone backtoherold habits.她又回到了已往的习惯星期天Come onSunday byyourself-wecango overthe housetogether.你要过来.我们一起检查一下房子His speechwent onfor solong thatpeople beganto fallasleep.他的演讲持续很长时间，成果人们开始想睡That expressionhas goneout.Nobody Usesit today.那个短语已通过时了，目前没有人在用它The youngfellow hasn*t realizedthathehasgonewrong.这个年轻人还没故意识到他已经误入歧途Tired ofgoing shoppingwithhiswife,Mr.Liu pretended厌烦与妻子一起去购物，刘先生假装有重要的事情要做tohavesomething importantto do.［考例2］北京I dontrock n1roll.Its muchtoonoisyfor mytaste.A.go afterB.go away withC.go into D.go infor［考察目的］此题重要考察四个动词短语的意思［答案与解析］追求；带走；进入，加入；爱慕，爱好D goaftergo awaywithgo into goinfor根据句子意思“摇滚音乐太嘈杂不合乎我的口味.因此我不喜欢”【考例】NMET1998Nobody noticedthe thiefslip intothe housebecause thelights happenedto.A.be putupB.give inC.be turnedon D.goout［考察目的］此题重要考察四个短语的意思［答案与解析］挂起；屈服；打开；熄灭本句话意思是“没有D putup givein turn ongoout人注意到贼溜进了屋子，由于灯碰巧熄灭了”
3.go wrong⑴走错路；弄错方向失败；不顺利2All ourplans went wrong./Everything wentwrong inthosedays.⑶发生故障The clockwentwrong.［比较］表达“变为”的系动词表达由积极向消极方面变化又如:1go Fishsoon goesbad inhot weather.go mad/pale/blind/hungry⑵become/get表达由积极向消极或消极向积极方面变化The weatheris gettingquite warm./Gradually hebecame silent.多接表颜色的词3turn Thisink turnsblack whenit dries./He usedtobea teachertill heturnedwriter.注意become awriter侧重变化过程4grow Thesea isgrowing calm.进入某种状态5fall Allthree childrenfell asleep.
50.得过某人的好处；欠某人的人情债2We owea great deal toourparentsandteachers.应当予以3You oweme anapology.
5.take onesplace⑴入座，站好位置，获得地位Take yourplaces,please.We areabouttostart.替代职务或工作等；接替2take onesplace=take theplaceofsb.Electric trainshave nowtakenthe placeof steamtrains inEngland.［比较］1in placeof替代；......而不用The grown-ups hadcoffee butthechildrenwanted milkinplace ofcoffee.2take onesseat在自己座位上坐下；有时等于take onesplaceMore menentered andtooktheir seats.赞扬
6.think highlyof表赞赏的词有1think/speak highly/well/much...of:The peoplethink veryhighlyofhim.表认为不好的词有2think little/badly/poorly/nothing...of:Joan thoughtlittle ofwalking twomiles toschool..含“动词+的短语7away”去掉
①do awaywith逃脱，使离开
②getaway拜别，出去
③goaway
⑤run away清除，克服
⑥smooth away不在家，外出
⑦stay awayfrom拿走，带走，夺去，使拜别
⑧take away扔掉.挥霍.坐失良机
⑨throw away［例句］不要放弃这样好的机会，否则的话，Dont throwaway suchagoodchance.Or youllregret.你会懊悔的离开前把工具收拾好Put awaythe toolsbefore youleave.Why didyoustayawayfromschool你为何不去上学？我本打I hadhoped totakeagood holidaythis yearbut I wasnt abletogetaway.算今年好好去度假，不过我离不开【考例】重庆Before thewar brokeout,manypeople insafe placespossessions theycouldnot takewith them.A.threw away B.put awayC.gave awayD.carried away［考察目的］此题重要考察“动词四个短语的意思+away”［答案与解析］扔掉;放好，把B throwaway putway.......收捡起来；give away分发.泄露；carry away冲走本句话意思是“在战争爆发此前，许多人把他们不能带走的财产藏在了安全的地方”,含“动词+的短语8off”放下，下车
①drop off
②fall off（从.....）掉下来（从……）下来,动身，起飞，脱下来
③get off发出，放出
④give off跳离
⑤jump off推迟，延期
⑥put off出发，引起，启程
⑦set off
⑨switch off脱，去掉，起飞，匆匆离开，成名⑩takeoff匆忙脱掉throw off关掉，避开，拐弯turn off口列句］The electricitysupply mustbe turnedoff atthe mainsbefore youchange thelighting circuit.在变化火线前，主干线的电力供应必须切断Mrs Gareyas usualwent tothedoorto seehim off.夫人像一般同样把他送到门口Garey He hadtoput offan appointmentwithmeon accountof由于疾病的缘故，他不得不推迟了与我的约会illness.Before thebody ofthe carcan beproperly车身合适修理前，所有外部的配件必须拿下来repaired,all theexternal fittingsmustbe taken off.这炉火仿佛不大热The firedoesnt seemtobegiving offmuch heat.【考例】（广东）John isleaving forLondon tomorrowand Iwill him attheairport.A.send...awayB.leave...offC.see...off D.show...around［考察目的］此题重要考察短语的使用方法see off［答案与解析］意为“给某人送行；意为“派遣；意为“停止，C seeoff sendaway leaveoff不再穿；意为“带领某人参观”show around［牛刀小试］2在下列句子的空白处填上合适的介词或副词
1.My grandmotherhad putover$50,000when shewas sixty—five years old.
2.His motherhad thoughtit wouldbe goodfor hischarac-tertoget homeand earnsomemoney onhis own.
3.The marketwas filledsalted fish,giving theworst smellthat youcan imagine.
4.-What doyou thinkthe contest-I wastold thatthe EnglishSpeech Contestwent successfullylastnight.
5.If you had goneyour testpaper carefullybefore handingitinyou wouldhave madefewermistakes.☆句型诠释☆他没能上电影学院是由
1.The reasonwhy hecouldnotgo therewas thathis gradeswere toolow.于他的分数太低了该句巾的引导一种定语从句，而引导表语从句why that句中引导的表语从句阐明主语的详细内容，往往被看作是固定句型
1.that reasonThe reasonis/当主语是时，一般不能用或引导表语从句，以免wasthatclause.reason/cause becausewhy导致语意反复当主语是时，可以由引导表语从句This/That because/why例如One reasonis thatpeople traveledto Americafrom allEuropean countries.【考例】（NMET1999）-I droveto Zhuhaifortheair showlastweek.-Is thatyouhada fewdays offA.why B.when C.what D.where［考察目的］表语从句［答案与解析］句子的意思是“那就是你请了几天假的原因吗？”因此可知答案为A why在句中是关系副词，引导定语从句，修饰先行词同步它在定语从句中作状语，此
2.why reason,时但要注意关系词在定语从句中作主语或宾语时，要用关系代词或why=for which,that whicho【考彳列］（上海春招）Is thisthe reasonatthemeeting forhis carelessnessinhisworkA.he explainedB.whatheexplainedC.how heexplained D.why heexplained［考察目的］定语从句［答案与解析］不能引导定语从句，排除、两项；在定语从句中作A what,how BC thereason的宾语，可填或者也可以省略explained that/which,
3.Many peoplewho sawthefilmwere afraidto swiminthesea when they rememberedthe scenes好多看过这个片子的人一想起片中鲨鱼食人的场面.就不in whichpeople wereeaten bythe shark.敢下海游泳了该句是一种复杂长句，从到句子末尾是状语从句，在从句中包括一种由引导的定when which语从句，修饰先行词在前面的主句里面包括一种由引导的定语从句，修饰先行词scenes;who例如peopleo Thosewho wanttogocamping nextSunday signyour namehere beforeclass isover.定语从句关系词的选择，要遵照“瞻前顾后”的原则，所谓“瞻前”即看前面的先行词指人还是指物；“顾后”即背面的定语从句，看关系词在定语从句中作什么成分例如This isthe factory（状语）/（）（宾语）where heworks.This isthe factorythat/which hevisited.【考例】（）NMET1992ln thedark street,there wasnta singleperson shecould turnforhelp.A.thatB.who C.from whomD.to whom［考察目的］定语从句［答案与解析］为固定短语，意思是“向某人求援”，因此选D turntosbfor helpto whomo
4.When askedaboutthesecret ofhis success,Steven Spielbergsaid thatheowesmuch ofhis当有人问起他成功的秘诀时史蒂文斯皮尔伯格说success andhappiness tohiswifeand children.起他的成功和幸福重要来自于妻子和孩子该句中的是时间状语从句的省略形式在状语从句中，假如从句主语与主句主语一致或“when”从句主语是并且从句谓语动词是或包括时，常常将从句主语与省略例it,be bebe【考例】（）I canhardly imaginePeter acrossthe AtlanticOcean infive days.MET1991A.sail B.to sailC.sailing D.tohavesailed［考察目的］的基本使用方法imagine［答案与解析］后接动词的形式，本句的是这个动名词的逻辑主语C imagine-ing Peter的使用方法
9.interest.使感爱好爱好,爱好［］利息；利润他对政治interest vtn.U Hehas agreat interest in politics.极感爱好/广泛的利益/共同的利益/极强a broadinterest acommon interestastronginterest的爱好▲构词令人感爱好的（事物）
②（某人对某事）有爱好的
①interesting interested▲搭配
①使某人注意，关怀或参入某事；使某人对某事感爱好
②interest sbin sthbe interestedin对感爱好（关怀）
③对某方面有爱好（关怀）；在中有have aninterest in sth./in doingsth.股份、权益等
④吸引住某人的爱好
⑤（）hold onesinterest inthe interestsof为利益;为起见;对有利
⑥对不再感爱好
⑦（）lose interest in show/take aninterest in/in doing对表达关怀（有爱好）
⑧对不（不太）感爱好
⑨sth.have/take/feel nointerestinwith有爱好地，津津有味地⑩interest develop/find/feel interest在某方面培养/有爱好对某方面失去爱好in sth./in doingsth.lose interestinsth./indoingsth.有时可与不定冠词连用interest Hedeveloped aninterestinscience.此夕卜作“爱好”解口寸，是可数名词interest Hisinterests includereading andtennis.【考例】,they immediatelysuggestedthatshe putthem togethertomakea singleone longstory（全国卷）and paidTracy a$50,000advance.IIA.Interested B.AnxiouslyC.Seriously D.Encouraged［考察目的］派生词的词义和使用方法interest［答案与解析］指（出版商）对这件事有爱好A interested的使用方法
10.prove▲构词证据试验，考验，（印刷）校样
①proof n.▲搭配
③prove（）证明（自己）是，体现出oneselftobe【考仞It wasintheneighboring country——United Statesthat suchresistance tospray wasfirst.（长春模拟）05A.proved B.killed C.thought D.discussed［考察目的］考察的意思prove［答案与解析］本题的意思是“得到证明”，有被动意味A wasproved的使用方法
11.provide▲构词供应者，供应者，养家者
②倘若
12.share▲搭配:（）和某人分享、分担、共用某物
②（）
③share joys/happiness andsorrows（withsb）（和某人）同甘如Although bornin Chicago,the authoris famous forhisstories aboutNew York.［考例］上海春招Unless tospeak,youshouldremain silentattheconference.A.invited B.invitingC.being invitedD.having invited［考察目的］状语从句的省略现象［答案与解析］为连词，背面省略了因此选A unlessyou are,invited
4.Having goodtable mannersmeans knowing,for example,howtouse knivesand forks,when to在餐桌上，懂礼节意味着你懂得怎样使用刀叉,何时drinkatoast andhowtobehave atthetable.祝酒以及怎样在用餐时举止得体该句中为形式作主语例如having goodmanners v-ing Collectingstamps isone ofhis hobbies.▲友谊提醒在形式前加形容词性物主代词或名词所有格，构成复合构造，在句中v-ing v-ing作主语、宾语【考例］上海5Fishing ishis favoritehobby,and.A.hed liketo collectcoins aswellB.he feelslike collecting coins,tooC.tocollectcoins isalso hishobbyD.collecting coinsgives himgreat pleasure［考察目的］v・ing作主语［答案与解析］、、三项句法都无错误，但在连接的并列句中，两个简朴句的主DA BC and语要保持一致的形式分别做两个简朴句的主语fishing andcollectingcoins餐盘里
5.Its politeto finish eating everythingon yourplate,so donttake morefood thanyou need.的东西要吃光才礼貌，因此不要多拿该句中的为形式主语，真正的主语为…例如心撒谎是不对it tofinisheatingnot righttotelllies.的作为形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式短语常见的句型有it
1.It+be+adj.+to dosth
2.It+be+n.+todosth
3.It+be+PP.todosth【考例】上海In factisahard jobforthepolice tokeep orderinanimportant footballmatch.A.this B.that C.there D.it［考察目的］形式主语［答案与解析］只有才可以作形式主语D it【句型归纳】
2.Not only/just…but also连接主语时根据就Not onlytheteacherbut all thestudentsaregoingtovisitthe ScienceMuseum.近原则/They not only sangbut alsodanced fora wholenight./Many peoplegotosee thisfilmnot justbecause thefilm isinteresting,but alsothe leadingactors andactresses areall worldfamous.连接句子时，后/Not onlydo welearn forour country,but wellwork forher inthe future.not only的句子要部分倒装）［牛刀小试］
31.The reasonyou failed,I think,was youhad turneda deafear toyour mothersadvice.A.that;because B.why;becauseC.why;that D.for that;that（全国卷）
2.The Englishplay mystudents actedattheNew Yearsparty wasagreatsuccess.IA.for whichB.at whichC.in whichD.on which（上;每春招）
3.When,the museumwill beopen tothe publicnext year.A.completed B.completingC.being completedD.tobecompleted（上海）
4.themeetinghimself gavethem agreatdealof encouragement.A.The presidentwill attendB.The presidentto attendC.The presidentattendD.The presidentsattending（
5.I dontthink possibleto mastera foreignlanguage withoutmuch memorywork.NMET）1990A.this B.thatC.its D.it【交际速成】问询见解与作出评价
1.Giving opinionsand Makingcomments（北京西城）-How doyou findthe talkgiven byMr.Smith-.A.Very wellB.Excited C.Boring D.Not at an［答案与解析］本题考察对事物提出见解或作出评价的用语、两项词法错误，若改为C AB Verygood或Exciting,就可回答提问了D项不合语境此句完整为（It,s）Boring.【归纳】英语中问询见解的用语有
①How doyou like/find...
②What doyou thinkof/about...
③What doyou feelabout...按次序描述事件发生的过程
2.Describing sequencesMotherfirst did some washingand thendidsomecooking,she hada rest.A.finally B.intheendC.bytheend D.at last［答案与解析］本题考察怎样描述事情发生的次序用于在列举一系列内容之后要引A finally出最终一项内容的场所；也可与互换，表达所期望的事迟迟到来强调成果at lastintheend有时可与口意义相似atlast【归纳】英语中常见描述事件发生次序的用语有
①First,....Next,....Then....Finally,・・・・例如First,we wentto Leshan.Next,we climbedMount Emei.Then weplayed withsome moneys.Finally,towards eveningwe wereonthe way backto Chengdu.
②What didyoudonext道谢
3.Thanks（匕京）~1Its beena wonderfulevening,Thank youvery much.-.A.My pleasureB.Im glad to hearthatC.No,thanks D.Its OK［答案与解析］本题考察英语中怎样体现感谢及应答是回答感谢的客套话A My pleasure【归纳】英语中体现感谢的用语有（）1Thank youverymuch.2Thanks alot.3Thank youfor your help.4Its verykind/nice ofyou.5Many thanks.6I appreciateyourhelp.7Icannever thankyou enough.8Im extremelygrateful toyou.应答用语有1Its apleasure.2Mypleasure.（）3Thats OK/allright.4Youre welcome.5Not at all.6Dont mentionit.（没什么）.7No troubleat all（愿为你效劳）.
⑧At yourservice9Think nothingof it.［牛刀小试］
41.-Thank youever somuch for yourhelp.-.A.Glad tohearthatB.Not worththankingC.Think nothingofitD.Youre toopolite
2.-How didyou findyour visit tothemuseum,JaneA.Oh,wonderful,indeed B.By takinga No.3busC.I wentthere aloneD.A classmateof mineshowed methe way
3.-the articlesof Times-Im notsure.I glancedthrough thembut Ihavent formedan opinionyet.A.How doyou thinkof B.What didyou likeC.How didyoulikeD.What doyou thinkof
4.--Thank youverymuchforthemeal.-Not at all..A.Im veryglad tohearthatB.Im gladyou couldcomeC.Make yourselfathomeD.With pleasure☆精典题例☆（上海）
1.Generally speaking,according tothe directions,thedrughas noside effect.A.when takingB.when takenC.when totakeD.when tobetaken【解析】选和是动宾关系，要用过去分词作状语可看作是的省B takedrug whenitistaken略（春季上海）
2.Unless tospeak,youshouldremain silentattheconference.A.invited B.inviting C.being invitedD.having invited【解析】选与是动宾关系，要用过去分A youinvite词作状语invited（）
3.The researchissodesigned thatonce nothingcan bedone tochange it.NMETA.begins B.having begunC.beginning D.begun【解析】选在句中作状语；这里是连词，“一旦”D oncebegun once胡丁匕）
4.with thesize ofthe wholeearth,the biggestocean doesnot seembig at all.«A.Compare B.When comparingC.Comparing D.When compared【解析】选相称于D whenitiscompared
5.snacks anddrinks,but theyalso broughtcards forentertainment whenthey hada picnicinthe（上海）forest.A.Not onlythey broughtB.Not onlydid theybringC.Not onlybrought theyD.Not onlythey didbring【解析】选引导的并列句;以开头的句子要部分倒装B notonly...but alsonotonly
6.1,heusedto helpedhisfatheronthefarm.A.Whenwasa boyB.As hewasaboyC.As aboy D.During aboy【解析】选在这里是连词；（）C asasaboy=whenhewasaboyUnit11・i司组:add upadd upto add---to---add tocalm...downhave gottobe concernedabout/withwalk thedogcheat...ofgo throughgoaheadgo bysetdown setup setoff setouta seriesofon purposeby accident/chancein orderto soastoin orderthatsoas thatatdusk atdawn atmidnight atnoonface tofaceno longernot...any longersettledownsuffer fromrecoverfromget/be tiredofmake alist oflistpack...upget along/on withfallin lovebegrateful tosb.forsth.join intake partin joinattend+宾语补足语make sb/sthhave something/anything/everything/nothing todo withit sbecause…・・+原因+成果itswhy**.实义动词情态动词dare+tododoayear anda halfits nopleasure+doingsthhappento dosth havetroublewithsbindoingsthexactlyfind it+adj.+todosthmake friendswithswap...withit is/was+序数词+that+has done/had done・・・.unit2词组because ofcomeup comeupwithcome income oncome outactually infact asa matterof factin realitybebased onatpresentmake useof makefull/good useofsuch asplaya part/role inrecognize...as+谓语用单数more thanoneat theend ofintheend atan endvoyagetour traveljourneythan everbeforeeven if/thoughcommunicate with+定语从句用those who1600s1980sin+物主代词+数字的复数inhisforties theformer thelatter anumber ofthenumber ofmake senseusageVS usebelieveitornot名词（不加冠词）thereisno such+/省略theway+in which/thatespecially speciallystraightadj/advunit3词组prefertodo,rather than dowould ratherdo,thandowoulddo,rather thandofare VSfeeever since时间段+从句itsis/hasbeen+sincegraduate from/inbe fondofcut acrosscut upcut downcareabout carefordetermine todosth=be determinedtodosth changeones mindmake upones mindatanaltitudeofgive ingiveupgive offgive outgive awaykeep pacewithas usualbendovertake theadvantage ofpersuade sbtodosth/into doingsthnot todosth/outofdoing sthadvisesbtodosthtrytopersuadesbtodosth althoughthoughgrow upinsistonput upput downput offput onput awaycanhardly waittodosthunit4词组right awayatonceimmediatelyburst intolaughter/tearsburst outdoing sthas if/thoughin ruinsinjurewound hurtdestroydamagebe trappedindig outburyoneself indoing sthriseraise arisetoo...tobe away陈说语气/虚拟语气it seemsas if+act outbe pleased/willing/gladtodosthhonor inhonor ofbeproud ofexpressmy thankstounit5词组of high/good qualitydevoteto+doingfound VSset upinprinciplein peaceoutof workin workoutofcontrol incontrol votefor voteagainstbe equaltointroubleturn toturnon/off turnup/downlose heartlose onesheart escapefrom/+doingsthcometopower/in powerbe sentencedtoin onesopinionfight for/againstblow updreamof/aboutimagine doingsththe firsttimeforthefirsttime语法点的使用方法
1.whether VSif
2.tell sbtodosth asksb nottodosth表未来
3.be+doing定语从句只用的状况只用的状况只用的状况
4.that whowhichas VSwhichthe same...as/that...介词+such...as ss...as which/whom引导一种句子的使用方法非限制性定语从句which插入语I thinkI believeI guessI thought间隔式定语从句Is thiscar theone he bought last yearIs thisthe carheboughtlastyear的使用方法What
5.willbe donebe abouttobedonebe tobedonebegoingtobedone
6.has/havebeendone加表达一种厌烦等语气
7.be beingdone always强调句被强调部分从句
8.itis++that+时间+从句It isnot untilthat特殊疑问词+从句isitthat倒装句部分否认，具有否认词的等，把情态动词，动词，
9.hardly neverlittle onlyseldom be助动词提到主语的前面
10.asif,insist suggestrequestcommand，从句用虚拟语气，用（should）do共苦
④同意某人的意见share onesopinion［考例］一Let Harryplay withyour toysaswell,Clare youmustlearnto.NMET A.support B.care C.spare D.share［考察目的］此题重要考察在语境中选择动词的能力［答案与解析］四个选项的含义分别为支持；在意，关怀；挤出时间，D supportcarespare匀出某物；分享，分担，与某人合用根据语境可知说话者是想让学会与人共享一share Clare一把玩具拿出来和一起玩，在此意为“合用玩具”，解此题的关键是信息Harry shareplaywith故为最佳答案your toysaswellDo的使用方法
13.solve▲构词问题的解答；困难的处理措施［］解答,处理［］溶解solution2U
14.total n./adj.力口起来1in totalIn total,there musthavebeen0people there.总共支出2a totalof Hisexpenses reacheda totalof$
16.while conj.附属连词，引导时间状语从句，从句动词用延续性动词，主句的动作发生在从句动1while作发生的过程之中Come on,get thesethings awaywhile Imake thetea.并列连词,表前后两个分句意义相反或相对,意为“然而2Some peoplewaste foodwhileothers haventenough.放在句首,表达“尽管；虽然，相称于3althougho Whilewe dontagree,we continueto befriendly.［牛刀小试］用所给单词的合适形式填空1compare,interest,fun,solve,argue,consider,share
1.All thenovels areconsidered theyoung readersinthe1980s.tohaveinterested
2.Bob thoughtitto solve mathsproblems whileothers hatedit.fun
3.The headmasterignored thebetween Mrs.Wang andhis nephew,argument
4.Wecantdecide.The planneeds tobe.considered
5.with ClassTwo,ourshasmore boystudents.Compared
6.1findabetter waythis problem,tosolve
7.Nearly halfofthecompanies thesame opinionwiththegovernment,share/shared【词语比较】
1.especially,specially特殊地；尤其是especially adv.侧重于多种事物或人中比较突出的.尤其是1I likeallthesubjects atschool,especially English英语后可接介词短语或从句尤其是在2especially Ilike theYuelu Mountains,especially inspring.春天Noise isunpleasant,especially whenyouaretryingtosleep.侧重特意地、专门地做某事背面常接或specially forsb,todosth.I madea chocolatecake speciallyforyou.
2.boring,bored,bore令人厌烦的boring adj.The bookis veryboring.感到厌烦的bored adj.Im boredwiththebook.令人厌烦bore vt.This bookbores me.有些表达情感的及物动词，有与类似的使用方法如bore interest,excite,surprise,amaze,frighten,此类词的目前分词形式，为“令astonish,move,inspire,touch,scare,disappoint,puzzle,worry人……”；过去分词形式，为“感到……”
4.know,know of,know about⑴know用作动词，意思是“直接地获知，懂得，认识，熟悉I dontknow whetherheishereor not./I knowhimtobe honest.和的意思都是“间接地获知，指听他人说到或从书报上看到,两者2know ofknowabout没有什么区别
5.for example;such as“例如”，用来举例阐明某一论点或状况一般只举同类人或物中的“一种”1for example为例，作插入语，可位于句首、句中或句末可用替代for instanceFor example,air isinvisible./His spellingis terrible!Look atthis word,for example.⑵such as“例如”，用来列举事物，一般列举同类人或事物中的几种例子插在被列举的事物与前面的名词之间，背面不可有逗号as SomeoftheEuropean Languagescome fromLatin,suchas French,Italian andSpanish.［注意］如把前面所述状况所有举出,用或that isnamelyo☆短语归纳☆含的短语L all首先强调次序1first ofall总共2in all=in total=altogether毕竟，究竟3after all究竟,主线4atall最重要的是强调重要性5above all主线不，一点也不6not...atall=not...intheleast一直，一直7allthetime忽然，冷不防8allofa sudden=suddenly行，可以9allright立刘,立即10all atonce日日夜夜11all dayand allnight遍及12allover独个儿，独立地13all alone儿乎，差一点14all but总的说来15allin all一道，同步，总共16all together尽管17for all［例句］我醒了,一点儿也没有听到他说话/I wokeup anddidnthearhimatall.Hehadsomany•他摔了诸多跤，以至于浑身青一块紫一块的/falls thathewasblack andblue allover You你不应当责怪他，毕竟，她只有五岁shouldnt scoldher.After all,she isonly fiveyearsold.o/孩子需要许多东西，最重要的是，需要Children needmany things,but above all,they needlove.爱.你一定一直懂得这事/Youmusthave knownitallthetime【考例】People mayhave differentopinions aboutKaren,but Iadmire her.,she isagreat甘肃、青海musician.A.After allB.As aresult C.ln otherwords D.As usual［考察目的］重要考察四个短语的使用方法［答案与解析］意为“毕竟.究竟；意为“成果；意为“换A after allasaresultin otherwords句话说；意为“像往常同样”本句意思是虽然人们对她见解不一但我还是佩服as usual她由于她毕竟是一种伟大的音乐家【考例】福Id liketobuyahouse-modern,comfortable,and ina quietneighborhood.建A.inallB.aboveallC.afterallD.atall［考察目的］重要考察构成的四个短语all［答案与解析］意为“总共”；意为“最重要的是；意为“毕竟；B inall aboveall afterall at意为“究竟”本句话意思是我想买一种房子，现代的、舒适的，但最重要的是在一种安all静的地区
5.“make+吵闹
①makeanoise做鬼脸，做苦脸
②make faces
④make thebed打电话5make phonecalls交朋友6make friendswith。
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