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必修三Module1l.be located/situatedon/in/to...=lie/stand on/in/to位于…的；坐落于…的；处在…地位状态的⑴我们学校坐落于一种漂亮的地方，周围有青山绿水围绕Our schoolis situatedin thebeautiful place,with greenmountains andclear riversaround.♦situation n.立场；局势；形势in a...situation处在.…状况中；在…形势下
1.In thepresent situation,I wouldnt adviseyou tosell yourhouse.在目前的形势下，…
2.Youre puttingme ina veryembarrassing situation,你使我处在非常尴尬的境地
3.With norain forthree monthsand foodsupplies runningout,the situationhere isgettingworse.三个月无雨，食品供应也将消耗殆尽，这里状况越来越糟糕了
2.face
1.face up to勇敢面对接受并处理be facedwith面对；面临face tothe south/north/east/west面朝南/北/东/西
2.face toface面对面地in theface of面对;在…面前make aface at向…做鬼脸save/lose face保全/丢面子to onesface当着某人的面stare sb.in theface目丁着某人turn redin theface:张红了脸be+过去分词+介词这些词作状语或定语时用ed形式,be去掉be facedwith;be comparedwith；be seatedbe hidden;be lost/absorbed/occupied inbeabandoned/addicted to沉溺于；be born；be dressed；be tiredof厌烦等3表达”某物在哪个方向〃可用south/north/east/west等，构成如下几种体现方式
1....is in the south of在…的南部在内部…is on the south of在…的南边接壤…is tothe southof在…以南在外部...is southof在…的南部不指明在内部还是外部
2.把表达方位、地点的介词或副词短语放在句首，句子用完全倒装语序
①Jiangsu isonthe southofShandong.South ofShandong isJiangsu.©.East ofour schoollies arailway.
4.倍数表达法as...as L◎，A is...I...more thantimes-er thanB倍数the N.ofsize,length,height,weight...
1.equal adj./v.平等的；等于；比得上adv.equally n.equality1Women demandequal payfor equalwork.翻［率妇女规定同工同酬I2Everyone isborn equalin theworld.翻译在这个世界上，每个人生来都是平等的3None canequal himin strength.在力气方面没有人比得上他4He isequal tothis task./He isequal to doing thistask他能胜任这项工作
2.order n.v.秩序，次序，命令，订购，eg.lThen theycalled outour namesin orderand weanswered yesor no.翻译然后他们按次序点我们的名字，我们回答对错phrasesout oforder无序的，杂论无章的in orderof以•,…次序in ordert为了in orderthat为了place anorder withsb forsth向某人订贝勾某put...in order按次序排列，整洁摆放3•替代［司one,ones,that,those,those替代同名异物可数名词二the onesthat替代单数可数名词二the one或不可数名词;one只替代单数的可数名词thcrt7those一般不带前置定语，但必须有后置定语onc/oncs都可当替代词的后置定语用所有格的of短语或当替代词被所有格修饰时，不用one/ones而用that of/thoseof.必修三Module
61.accommodate sb.with sth.提供某人某物accommodate to sth.适应,可页应……accommodate oneselftosth.使自己适应于.accommodate sb.for thenight留某人过夜provide accommodationsfor为……提供膳宿
2.datc from二date back to来源于，追溯到常用一般目前时态，且无被动语态，作非谓语时，用doing这个城堡建于古罗马时代The castledates from/backtoancient Romantimes.
1.过时out ofdate
2.最新up to date
5.主谓一致⑴三原则
①语法一致的原则语法一致的原则是指主语为单、复数与谓语动词要相呼应但要注意某些特殊状况；1）以along with,together with,with,as wellas,accompanied by,rather than,but,except连接的两个主语，其谓语的单复数以第一种主语为主例如Several passengers,together withthe driver,were hurt.2）表达时间，重量，长度，价格等的复数名词，作主语从整体来看时，谓语动词用单数例出口Fifty yearsis nota longtime.3）非谓语动词，从句或其他短语作主语，谓语动词用单数形式例如Early to bed andearly torise ishealthful.4）假如主语是由and连接的两个单数名词，但前面有each,every,no等词修饰时，谓语用单数例出口Every boy and girlin thisregion istaught toread andwrite.
②意义一致的原则意义一致的原则指谓语动词的单复数取决于主语所体现的概念，而不取决于表面的语法标志，重要体现为某些集体名词后可跟动词单数或复数假如这些集体名词指整体概念时，谓语动词用单数；指详细组员时用复数例如The populationof theearth isincreasing veryfast.类似这样的集体名词有family,class,audience,committee（委员会）,crowd,crew,group,party,population,team,public,council（理事会）,village等
③就近原则所谓就近原则是指谓语动词单复数取决于离它近来的词语，而不必考虑其他的词1）以either…or,or,neither…nor和not only...but also连接的两个主语，其谓语的单复数形式应与离谓语近来的主语保持一致例如Either you or hehas to go therewith me.2）由there或here引起的主语，而又不止是一种时，采用就近原则例如Here isa pen,a fewenvelopes andsome paperfor you.谓语动词用单数的状况many a...Many astudent wasdeeply movedby themorethan one...film.Every...and every.../no...and no.../each...and Eachboyandeach girlhas seenthe film.each...one anda halfa...or twoOne anda halfbananas waseaten bythatmonkey.nobody,everything,no one,something...Everything wasprepared.a/the（…and…）指同一人、事物或概念The Leaguesecretary andmonitor hascome.钱、时间、长度等$300is notenough for us totravel.the number of...The number of thebooks is
37.a greatdeal of/a largeamount ofA largeamount ofmoney wasspent.to do/doing作主语When andwhere tobuild thefactory is notdecided.谓语动词用复数的状况:a greatnumberof...A greatnumberoftrees have been planted.a greatmany.../a few...Give youa glassof waterzSomestudents areandthe restis leftfor me.cleaning thefloor andthethe restof.../some...rest arewashing thewindows.the family,the class,the The class consistsof20Theclassare doinggroup,team,public,means,boys and20girls.experiments.sheep,deer,the populationThe populationTwothirds oftheipopulation herearesfarmers.increasing fast.all Allworksout well.All areeager toreach anagreement.What…从句/倒装句What weneed iswater.What weneed arebooks.He isthe onlyone ofthe He is oneof thestudentswho hasbeen tostudentswho have been定语从句Shanghai.to Shanghai.large quantitiesof...Large quantitiesof landwere destroyed.people,police,cattle牛…The policesay theyhave caughtthe thieves.谓语动词用单/复数的状况:as wellas,He,rather thanyou,is toblame.together with,The mothertiger,together withher babylike像,but,tigers isplaying onthe grass.rather than,Nobody butwe knowsthe matter.includingnot only...but also...Either youor he is to be sentabroad.Are eitheryouorhe to be sentneither…nor abroadThere isa tableand twodesks.or必修三Module2There be
1.ti直到up tosth.be fitfor月生任be busyin doingsth忙着做…be up to sb二be leftto sbto decide由…决定/负责1I cantake up to fourpeople inmy car.我的汽车最多能做四个人2I havenever heardfrom herupto now.我至今也;殳有她的音亍兀3Whats heupto他在忙什么？4Its upto you to decidewhere wego fora picnic.由你决定我们应去哪儿野餐5李平不能胜任他的工作Li Pingis notuptohis job.6这个帐篷至多能睡十人Up toten peoplecan sleepin thistent.
2.measuremeasure sthin/by sth用・,,来衡量，用，,,来计算take measuresto do采用才皆施估攵某事1People inLos Angelsmeasure distancein time,not miles.翻译洛杉矶人用时间来计算两地距离而不是用英里数2The Chinesegovernment istaking effectivemeasuresto developthe economy.中国政府正在采用强有力的措施来发展经济
3.sure1make sure表达“务必〃，”确信〃，“弄明白”，背面常接f/about sth.或that引导的宾语从句Make surethat you willarrive there on time.你务必准时到这I knowtheres atrain thisafternoon,but Imust makesure ofthe time.我懂得今天下午有列火车，但我必须弄清晰发车时间2be sure of,be sure that对-,•有才巴握,对…确定,确信Can webe sureof his honesty./Can webe surethat heishonest我们能相信他是诚实的？Im sureof winningthe game.我有把握能赢得比赛3be sure to do说话人推测主语“一定；必然会“或常用于祈使句务必做某事He issure to be backsoon.他一定会很快回来Be surenot toforget it.千万另I忘了注意be sureof与be sureto do的区别©.He issureof his success.=He issurethat he willsucceed.他确4言他会成功
②.He issuretosucceed.他一定会成功说话人的见解
③.Be sureto writeand tellme allyour news.务必来信把你所有状况都告诉我此外，常见的与sure有关的短语尚有be sureof oneself有自信心，for sure确实；确实地，sureenough果真，果然用于口语，此时的Sure.相称于Of course.与Certainly.
4.From theagreement camethe HumanDevelopment Report.表达方位或方式的副词和介词短语放在句首用完全倒装，即谓语动词完全置于主语之前At thefoot ofthe mountainljg|a smallvillage.在山脚下有一种小村庄Out rushedthe children.孩子们冲了出去Here comesthe bus.车来了To thesouthofour schoolstand manyshops.【部分倒装】
①only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句，放于句首
②否认副词never,nor,not,hardly,little,seldom等放于句首
③so+adj/adv+倒装+that
1.Only whenhe returneddid wefind out the truthWe foundoutthe truth onlywhen hereturned.
2.Never beforehave Iseen such a moving film.I havenever seensuch amovingfilmbefore
3.So clearlydoes hespeak Englishthathecan alwaysmake himselfunderstood.He speaksEnglishso clearlythat〜
5.figure n./v.
1.He hadalways lookedupon Sarahas akind ofmother figure.形象
2.How doesshe manageto keepher figurewhen sheeats so much体形
3.He was the outstandingpolitical figureofhistime.人4勿v.
4.1figured thathe wasdrunk andshouldnt beallowed todrive.认为
5.It tookme hoursto figurethose problemsout.分析；想出
6.Women.I justcant figurethem out.理解
7.Many economistshavebeenfiguring outwhat makesChina developso fast.分析8,指望figure on
6.S+be+adj.+to doeasy/good/safe/comfortable/dangerous/hard/difficult...
1.The waterisnotpure todrink drink
2.He needsa chaircomfortable tosit on.sit
3.The youngman feltthe roomcold to live inlive必修三Module3l.occur过去式occurred过去分词occurred1发生，出现Earthquakes occurfrequently inthis area.2sth occurto sb某人想到，某事出现脑海It neveroccurred to me thathe mightbe introuble.A brilliantidea occurred to me.【回忆发生〃】
①.A bigearthquake occurred/happened inthesouthof Chinalast month.
2.1+occurredto me thatshe didntknow Ihad movedinto thenew house.§.1happened tosee himon myway home.二It happenedthat Isaw himon myway home.
④.A firebroke outinthehospital inthe mid-night.
5.After theflood,diseases brokeout hereand there.
⑥.Great changeshave takenplace inour hometownduring thepast tenyears.©.How didit comeabout that such ashort journeytook sucha longtime.words meaningsoccur偶尔发生；忽然想起It occurredto sb.that....happen偶尔发生；碰巧It happenedthat.../sb.happen to do sth.break out（战争、火灾、疾病、争执）忽然爆发take place（有计划地）发生；举行
2.strike打击，撞击，（雷电，暴风雨等）袭击，过去式struck过去分词struck/strickenThe clockstruck five.敲打A powerfulearthquake struckthe islandearly thismorning.袭击I wasstruck byits beauty.被…吉丁动At thispoint,it suddenlystruck methat Iwas wastingmy time.出现；使人想起【注意辨别】strike,hit,beat,knocks什ike”（钟）敲打，撞击，袭击〃，表达有力的打一下beat持续地打，心脏的跳动，在游戏、竞赛或战争中击败对方，也可表达殴打，体罚hit瞄准某物而击中也可表达“袭击“knock用拳头或硬的东西”敲、击、打必修二Module41-strength n.【辨析】strength,force,energy,power
①Union isstrength.©Knowledge ispower.竭力彷、助（§）.1shall do everything inmy powerto helpyou（.注doeverythingin onespower）to do...
④.The lawremains inforce.（法律仍旧有效）
⑤Young peopleusually havemore energythan theold.【总结】words meaningsstrength着重指人的力气，物的强度自然力量；暴力，势力；法律，道德，感情力量；军事力量等forceenergy重要指人的精力；自然界的能量power用途最广，包括能力，功能；事物的力量；职权，权力或政权
2.so...that.../such...that....
①so...that…引导成果状语从句so+adj./adv.+that从句他跑的如此快，没人能赶上他He runsso fastthat nobodycan catchup withhim.so+adj+a/an+n+that从句他是这样好的一种男孩，我们大家都喜欢他He isso gooda boy that allof uslike him.so+many/much/little/few+n+that从句他如此博学，因此被大学录取He hassomuchknowledge thatheisadmitted intothecollege.
②such...that…引导成果状语从句such+a/an+adj+n.+that从句他是这样好的一种男孩，我们大家都喜欢他He issuchagood boythat allof uslike him.such+adj.+复数名词/不可数名词天气如此好，我们都想去公园散步+that从句It issuch fineweather thatwe wantto takea walkinthe park.【尤其注意】slittle（少）+n./such I汁tie（小）+n.（用so或such填空）He earnedso littlemoney thathe couldnt supporthis family.It isnot surprisingthatsuchlittle wormseat solittle grain.当s或such置于句首时，主句要用倒装语序
①这个男孩如此胆怯，以至于不知该怎么做The boywas sofrightened thathe didntknow whatto do.改为侄J装句So frightenedwastheboythathe didntknow whatto do.
3.appear to.../It appearsthat...（）1He isonly forty,but appearsto bebe quiteold.（）2It appearstomethat Thegirl appearsto haveknown knowit.这女孩仿佛已经懂得了这件事（）§It appearstomethatyouare allmistaken.我觉得你们全错了
4.make+it+adj.+to do...
①The heavyrain made it impossibleforus to getthereontime.（这场大雨使我们不也许准时抵达那里了）
②His explanationmadeiteasy forustounderstand thetext.（他的解释使我们理解课文轻易了）［拓展】make+it+n.++doHe madeit arule toread aloudand reciteten Englishwords everymorning.（他把每天上午大声朗诵，背10个英语单词作为一项规定）
5.tod不定式㈠构造to do（否认）not to do㈡时态与语态积极语态被动语态一^殳式to doto bedone进行式to bedoing完毕式to havedone to havebeendone完毕进行式to havebeen doing㈢使用方法⑴.主To seeis tbelieve.Its importanttlearn.不定式作主语时,往往放在谓语之后，用it作形式主语.
（2）.表My jobis thelpthe patient.Your taskis toclean thsclassroom.⑶宾I wantto qohome.The workersdemanded toget betterpay.I foundit necessaryttalk tohim again.☆think/consider/find it+adj+to do常用动词不定式作宾语的动词有hope,refuse,learn,set outchoose,decide,agree,manage,pretend,plan.
（4）.宾warn,tell,allow,help,ask,forceThe teachertold metclean theblackboard.I expectyoutogive mesome hvlp.五看watch seelook atobserve notice三使let makehave二听listen tohear一感觉feel不定式用在介词but,except,besides后时,假如这些介词前有行为动词do的多种形式，那么介词后的不定式不带t才目反则带to.
①She coulddo nothingbut cry.
②工have nochoice butto go.
③What doyou like todobesides sleep.注在cant but,cant helpbut,cant choosebut（意思是不得不，只能，只好）,的构造后，不定式不带to
（5）.定语I havesomething to say.He hasa lotof homeworktdo.He islooking fora roomtolivein.There isnothing toworry about.（假如不定式中的动词是不及物动词,则不定式中要有介词.）不定式作定语时，应放在被修饰词的背面，并且放在其他后置定语之后
①不定式做定语与所修饰的词之间有三种关系❶动宾关系I have a lotof worktodo.我有诸多工作要做❷主谓关系Heisalways thefirst tocome.他总是第一种来❸同位关系We allhave achance togo tocollege.我们均有上大学的机会
②不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点工具等，虽然是及物动词，不定式背面仍须有对应的介词
③不定式所修饰的名词假如是time,place或way,不定式背面的介词习惯上要省去He hadno moneyand noplace tolive.他没钱没地方住
④something,anything,nothing,everything等复合不定代词常用不定式做后置定语注意比较I boyou haveanything tosend你有什么东西要寄吗？（不定式tsend的动作执行者是you）II boyou haveanything to be sent你有什么要我或他人寄的东西吗？不定式tobesent的动作执行者是已被省略的me或someone else6状I camehere tosee you.He gotup earlyto catchthe train.in orderto,so asto.enough to.only to,too....to.,
7.独立构造To tellthe truth,I dontagree with you.tobefrank,tobehonest,to tellthetruth有关小品词to
①不定式中的动词上文已出现过,下文要省略该动词.eg Wouldyou liketogowith meId liketo.
②不定式是tobe构造，be不可省.eg Wouldyou liketobea teacherrdliketobe.不定式与疑问词who,which,when,how,what等连用，在句中起名词作用，可充当主语、表语、宾语等He didntknow whattosay.他不懂得说什么宾语How tosolve theproblem isvery important.怎样处理这个问题很重要主语AAy questionis whento start.我的问题是什么时候开始表语注意在与why连用时，只用于why或why not开头的简短疑问句中，背面紧跟的动词不定式不带tWhy nothavearest固定句型
①had better/had best+not do sth.最佳不做某事
②Why not dosth.
③…prefer todo/prefer doing©...prefer n./doing...ton./doing...©...prefer todo...rather thantodo...©...would rathernotdosth.
⑦…would ratherdo...than do...
⑧…would rathersb.did虚拟语气要做……
1.They pretendednot tseeus.一般式表达与谓语的动作同步/几乎/发生在它之后.
2.He pretendedtbe sleeping.在谓语动词发生的同步,不定式的动作也正在进行
3.She pretendedtohaveknown itbefore.完毕式表达动作发生在谓语动作之前
4.We rehappy thavebeen workingwithyou.完毕进行式表达谓语动作发生之前,不定式的动作一直在进行并且也许之后也继续必修三Module5。
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