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大学英语
四、六级短文写作高分方略在英语
四、六级写作的文章构造安排上,考生应采用较为稳妥的三段式写法(最多四段),即总一分一总的写法由于所要写的文章的题材无论是议论文、书信,还是阐明文和描述文,都可以用如下的写作构造首段综述(引出话题)中间段主题句,接着第一种论据、第二个论据・・・・・・(下面还可以再有一种中间扩展段落)末段总结全文,前后呼应下面我们将简介打造高分地道作文的某些技巧
一、开头段精彩、有气势、开头段的写作要点1开头段一定要语言精练,并且直接切入主题或引出观点,一般不对主题进行深入的探讨,详细的论证或阐明描述应当在中间段落进行,开头段一般写
四、五句即可开头段的作用是概括陈说主题,提出观点或论点,表明写作意图,在组织开头段时要注意防止如下几点)开头偏离主题太远,导致切题不准,主题不明1)使用抱歉或埋怨之词句,由于社会主旋律是倡导积极向上的思想2)内容不详细,言之无物,使用不言自明的陈说,给人以充数累赘之感3常言道好的开始是成功的二分之一文章的开篇杰出是给评卷者留下好印象的关键因此,文章的开头段要适合主题的需要,要有助于下文的展开;简要生动,引人入胜,能激发读者的爱好;开门见山,揭示文章主题,交代写作目的,唤起读者情感上的共鸣开头段的写作根据不一样的题目可采用不一样的措施,常用的几种写作措施请参照本章第三节写出稿部分措施运用恰当,文章的开头段会比平铺直叙更引人入胜,更能激起阅卷人继续读下去的好奇心和爱好、开篇要有气势2开篇的几句话要有爆发力,充足体现考生的语however,yet,nevertheless列举关系过渡词语3for example,forinstance,as anexample,as acasein point,such as,namely,that is,like,thus,first,second,third,finally,in the first place,initially,first of all,to beginwith,tostart with,what ismore,furthermore,eventually,besides,in additiontothat,first andforemost,last butnot least,next,also,moreover,for onething,foranother因果关系过渡词语4becauseof,as,since,for,owing to,due to,thanksto,on accountof,as aresultof,result infrom,consequently,for thereasonthat,as aconsequence,consequently,it followsthat,accordingly,therefore,hence让步关系过渡词语5although,even though,after all,in spiteof,despite,granted that.)强调关系过渡词语6anyway,certainly,surely,obviously,to besure,especially,particularly,above all,indeed,in fact,even worse,needless tosay,mostimportant ofall,no doubt)递进关系7in addition,furthermore,also,moreover,besides,again,and,likewise,whats more)时间次序8afterwards,at last,atlength,immediately,in themeantime,lately,meanwhile,presently,shortly,since,soon,temporarily,thereafter,while)方位序列9in frontof,beside,beyond,above,below,inside,outside,on theleft,on theright,opposite,nextto.方式手段10as,as if,as though,theway,by目的关系11so that,that,lest,in case,for fearthat,in orderthat、套用关键句型,打造精彩段落3中间段假如套用某些句型引出主题句和各个扩展句,会使文章层次愈加分明、眉清目秀常用的的关键句型归纳如下,大家可根据自己的习惯和需要选择使用1Although thepopular beliefis that a currentnew/recent studysurvey/poll/investigation indicatesshows/demonstrates that....2The increasechange/failure/success in...mainly largely/partly resultsfromarises from/is because of....3The increasechange/failure/success in...is due to owing to/attributable tothefact that....4There aremany different/several/a number of/a varietyof causesreasons forthisdramatic marked/significant growthchange/decline/increase in....Firstly,....Secondly,....Finally,....5Why areis/do/did...For onething,....For another,....6Another reasonwhy Idispute the above statementis that....7There arenumerous reasonswhy andI shallhere exploreonly afew of themost importantones.8It willexert have/produce profoundfar-reaching/remarkable/considerable/beneficial/favorable/undesirable/disastrous effectinfluence on....9A multitudeof factorscould account for contribute to/lead to/result in/influence thechange increase/decrease/success/failure/development in....10In,it increasedrose/jumped/shot upfrom5to10percent of the totalto15percent/by15percent.11By comparisonwith,it decreaseddropped/fell from10to5percent to15percent/by15percent.12According to a anrecent new/official studysurvey/report/poll,....13History Oursociety isfilled aboundswith theexamples of....14The storycase/instance/situation isnot rareisolated/unique,it isone ofmanyexamples typicalof dozens.15A recentstudy conductedat auniversity byscientists indicatesreveals/suggests/shows/demonstrates that....16According toAs canbe seenin/As isshown in the figuresstatistics/graph/table releasedby thegovernment,it canbe learnedseen/predicted that....17We mustadmit theundeniable factthat....18No onecan denyignore/doubt/overlook/brush asidethe factthat....19The sameis trueof....20As thesaying goes,....”
三、结尾段要有特色、使用特殊句式1文章的结尾不好,苍白平淡,会给人虎头蛇尾的感觉,很有也许由于一句话而减弱前面的文采印象,因此要故意识的安排一种闪光点在结尾,让阅卷老师读到结尾时眼睛一亮我们可以通过强调句、倒装句、使用虚拟语气的句子、平行构造等特殊句式来到达这一目的例如:1In conclusion,it isthe peasantswhoare playingan essentialrole in theconstruction of the cities,thus weshouldplace moreemphasis on their lives(强调句)instead ofdespising them.2Only inthis waycan laid-offworkers completelyshrug offpoverty and.倒装句regain theirdignity inlife3Given alltheabovearguments,itis high time thatthe authoritiesenforcedsome reformsto converttraditionaleducation strategiesinto quality-oriented•虚拟education4In short,we canamuseourselves bylistening tomusic ofallschools andall periods,old andnew,(平行构造)conservative andmodern.结尾段是文章的总结和主题思想的升华,它就起到再次肯定和强调主题的作用好的结尾段应简短有力,言简意赅,意味深长总之,文章的结尾应当遵照两条原则一是照应开头;二是总结全文,给读者一种完整的印象和文章的开头同样,文章的结尾措施也是多种多样的,而非千篇一律常见措施请参照第三节写出稿部分、套用经典句型,干脆利落收尾2结尾段篇幅不长却在全文中起着非常重要的作用,假如套用某些经典句型来对全篇进行总结、归纳或提出结论性的观点,会显得愈加干脆利落现将常用的收尾关键句型归纳如下,大家可根据自己的习惯和需要选择使用:From whathas been1discussed aboveTakinginto accountall thesefactors/Judging fromallevidences offered,we maysafelydraw reach/come to/arrive atthe conclusionthat....All theevidences2support justifies/confirms/points toa anunshakablesound/justconclusion that....3It ishigh timethat weplace lay/put greatspecial/considerableemphasis on the improvementdevelopment/increase/promotion of....4It ishightimethat weput anend tothedeep-seated unhealthy/undesirable situationtendency/phenomenon of....5There isno easyimmediate/effective solution approach/answer/remedy tothe problem of but...might beusefulhelpful/beneficial.6No easymethod solution/recipe/remedy canbe foundto solveresolve/tackle the problemofbut thecommonrealization ofthe importancesignificanceof...might bethefirststeptowards change.7Following thesemethods maynotguarantee thesuccess in...,but thepayoffwill beworth theeffort.8ObviouslyClearly/Nodoubt,if weignore areblind totheproblem,there isevery chancethat....9Unless there is acommonrealization ofit isvery likelythe chancesarethat....10There islittle doubtnodenyingthat seriousspecial/adequate/immediate/furtherattention mustbecalledpaid/devoted totheproblemof....11It isnecessaryessential/fundamentalthat effectiveaction shouldbetaken toprevent correct/end/fightthe situationtendency/phenomenon.言水平和写作实力因此要把平时积累的优秀句型应用到第一段开篇,如下是开篇的经典句式:1Recently,sth.theproblem of…has beenbroughtto publicattentionhas becomethe focusofpublic concern.2There is a publiccontroversynowadays overtheissue of....Those whoobject to…argue that....But peoplewho12It ishoped thatgreat effortsshould be madeto controlcheck/halt/promote thegrowth increase/rise of....13It ishoped thatgreat effortsshouldbe directedto expendedon/focused onfindingdeveloping/improving....14Anyhow,more educationpublicityshouldbegiven tothe possiblepotential/grave/seriousconsequenceseffects of....15For thereasons givenabove,Ifeel that....
四、妙用英语词汇或短语、巧用近义词,小词变大词1作文构思好后来,句意、句型已基本确定,在动笔之前,要考虑一下句中的某些词可不可以换用和它们同义的更高级更文雅的词汇或短语来替代?在精确性的基础上,小词稍变大,会使写出的句子显得灵活、生动而优美英语中的同义词虽然有些许差异,但在诸多状况下是可以互换的如下是个经典的替代词供大家参照35替代1individuals,characters,folks people,persons(有但愿的),2positive,favorable,promising perfect,pleasurable,excellent,替代outstanding good(有害的)替代3dreadful,unfavorable,poor,adverse bad假如做表语,可以用替代bad beless impressiveeg.An armyof collegestudents indulgethemselves inplaying games,enjoying romancewithgirls/boys orkilling timepassively in their dorms.When itapproaches tograduation,asa result,they findtheir academicrecords areless impressive.4an armyof,an oceanof,a seaof,a multitudeof,a greatnumberof,many,if notmost替代many.注用一定要小心,后一定要有词many,if notmost many..同理用替代Eg.Many individuals,if notmost,harbor the idea that.・most,if notall,most.替代5a sliceof,quiet afew,several some6harbor theidea that,take theattitude that,hold theview that,it iswidely sharedthat,it替代由于是书面语,因此要加is universallyacknowledged thatthink that替代7affair,business,matter thing替代8shared common替代9reap hugefruits getmuch benefit替代10for mypart,from myown perspectivein myopinion替代注意没有这种形式因11Increasingly,growing more and moregrowingly此当修饰名词时用.修饰形容词,副词用increasing/growing increasingly.Eg.Sth.has gainedgrowing popularity.Sth isincreasingly popularwith theadvancement ofsth.替代12alternative choice替代13beneficial,rewarding helpful,be beneficialof替代14shopper,client,consumer,purchaser customer替代15exceedingly,extremely very替代16vehicle car替代17sth appealsto sb,sth exertsa tremendousfascination onsb sbtake interestinsth.替代18capture ones attention attract one*sattention.替代19facet,dimension,sphere aspect替代20be indicativeof,be suggestiveof,be fearfulof indicate,suggest,fear替代21give riseto,lead to,result in,trigger cause.替代22There areseveral reasonsbehind sthreasons for sth替代23desire want.替代24pour attentioninto payattention to替代25bear inmind thatremember替代注意是过程的意思26enjoy,possess haveprocess替代27interaction communication替代28frown on sth beagainst,disagree withsth替代29to nameonly afew,as anexample forexample替代30next to/virtually impossiblenearly impossible替代31manufacture make替代32accomplish finish替代33accord agree替代34controversy discussion替代35sufficient enough、活用抽象词2使用抽象名词来体现思想,能减少动词的使用,使文章更紧凑,句子更简洁、地道如a.The problempoints tothe necessityofthemodification ofthe systemof ourhighereducation.b.The problemindicates thatit isvery necessaryto modifythe systemof ourhighereducation.c.The notionhas foundits growingpopularity andacceptance amongyoung people.d.The notionhas becomemoreand more popularand acceptedby moreandmoreyoungpeople.可以看出,句比句、句比句更洗炼,更有英语的味道抽象名词的使用,a bc d是现代英语的一大特点及英汉两种语言的重要区别之一,同步也是中国人学英语长期忽视的环节抽象词意范围大,概括力强,但给人以空洞的感觉,适合于文章的开头和结尾等总结性部分详细词意义有针对性、个性和精确性,给人以确切的概念,合用于段落中细节的刻画,论点的论述以及事物的描写抽象词在正式文体中使用较多,因此,我们在写作中也要分清文体再下笔,千万不可盲目地追求抽象词的数量
五、活用英语成语在作文中合适运用某些人们耳熟能详的成语,能使文章生动活泼,并且深化主题并给读者留下深刻的印象如下是英语四六级写作必备的个成语,请大家熟记36并灵活运用(熟能生巧)
1.Practice makesperfect.(天助自助者)
2.God helpsthose whohelp themselves.(说起来轻易做起来难)
3.Easier saidthan done.(有志者事竟成)
4.Where there is awill,there isa way.(失之毫厘,谬之千里)
5.One falsestep willmake a great difference.(稳扎稳打无往而不胜)
6.Slow andsteady winsthe race.(吃一堑,长一智)
7.A fall into thepit,a gainin yourwit.(实践出真知)
8.Experience isthe motherof wisdom.(只工作不玩耍聪颖孩子也变傻)
9.All workand noplay makesjack adull boy.(无德之美如同没有香味的玫
10.Beauty withoutvirtue isa rosewithout fragrance.瑰,徒有其表)(欲速则不达)
11.More hasty,less speed.(活到老,学到老)
12.Its nevertoo oldto learn.(闪光的未必都是金子)
13.All thatglitters isnot gold.(千里之彳亍始于足下)
14.A journeyofathousand milesbegins witha singlestep._(三周、而后彳亍)
15.Look beforeyou leap.(伟业非一日之功)
16.Rome wasnot builtin aday.(英雄所见略同)
17.Great mindsthink alike.(好的开始等于成功的二分之一)
18.Well begun,half done.(众口难调)
19.It ishard toplease all.(眼不见,心不念)
20.Out ofsight,out ofmind.(事实胜于雄辩)
21.Facts speakplainer thanwords.(颠倒黑白)
22.Call backwhite andwhite back.(凡事有轻重缓急)
23.First thingsfirst.(坏事传千里)
24.Ill newstravels fast.(患难见真情)
25.A friendin needisafriend indeed.(活着不是为了吃饭,吃饭为了活着)
26.Live notto eat,but eatto live.(行动胜过语言)
27.Action speakslouder thanwords.(金窝银窝不如自家草窝)
28.East orwest,home isthe best.(君子在德不在衣)
29.If snot thegay coatthat makesthe gentleman.(漂亮不能当饭吃)
30.Beauty willbuy nobeef.(趣味相投)
31.Like andlike makegood friends.(姜是老的辣)
32.The older,the wiser.(入乡随俗)
33.Do asRomans doin Rome.(少壮不努力,老大徒伤悲)
34.An idleyouth,a needyage.(种瓜得瓜,种豆得豆)
35.As thetree,so thefruit.(活着为了学习,学习为了更好的活
36.To liveis to learn;tolearnis tobetter live.着)六.掌握并使用英语高级语块语块()是词语的固定搭配或习常使用方法语块是语法化的词汇,其中chunks具有一定的语境原因并且意思明确,便于学习者掌握词汇的使用方法写作中使用语块具有词汇提取速度快、词汇运用精确度高的长处,可以有效地处理困扰我国英语学习者的词汇搭配问题,防止汉语式的英语体现学生平时要尽量多留心记忆英语中的某些较为固定的搭配,可以把书本中的语块标出来,学会以语块的方式记忆词汇如下是大学生写作中也许要用到的某些较为高级的英语语块,供大家写作中参照使用(打算,乐意)
1.be inclinedto(倾向于认为..)
2.tend tothink・(数年的梦想,夙愿)
3.long-cherished dream()(追求)
4.pursue sthones study,career,happiness,love(对..大惊小怪)
5.make abig fussabout sth・(彳艮重要)
6.be ofgreat significance/importance(困惑不解)
7.ataloss(无计可施,黔驴技穷)
8.at oneswits end(一般人,一般人)
9.an averageperson(运动的优缺陷)
10.the prosand consof sports(支持者与反对者)
11.advocates andcritics(排名第三)
12.ranks thethird(征询,探讨,研究)
13.inquire about sth/make inquiriesaboutsth(正如他所说的)
14.as heputs it,(换一种说法)
15.lets putit anotherway(锻炼身体,处理)
16.work out(任何事物均有利和不
17.the two sides ofthe samecoin/Every coinhas itstwosides利的一面)(理想成果)
18.desired/desirable/ideal/satisfying/satisfactory result(受欢迎)
19.gain popularity/appeal tosb.(分为类)
20.fallinto3categories/be classifiedinto3groups3(导致,带来成果)
21.give riseto/bring about/contribute to/result in(面对剧烈竞争)
22.confront thefierce competition(开发旅游资源)
23.exploit touristresources(闯红灯)
24.run thered light(遵守交通规则)
25.observe trafficregulations(交通拥堵)
26.traffic congestion/traffic jam(可持续发展)
27.sustainable development(保护自然栖息地)
28.conserve naturalhabitats(生态失衡)
29.disruption ofecological balance(保持生态平彳断)
30.keep thebalance ofecology(与自然友好相处)
31.live inharmony withnature(环境恶化)
32.environmental degradation(提高人们的环境保护意识)
33.raise peoplesenvironmental awareness(信用危机)
34.credit crisis(上网)
35.log on the internet(虚拟现实)
36.virtual reality(网上冲浪)
37.surf theinternet(人肉搜索)
38.online manhunt(网吧)
39.cyber cafe(电子游戏)
40.video games(沉溺于网络)
41.web addiction(假冒伪劣商品)
42.forged andfake commodity(监管音门)
43.supervisory authoritiesB(发射飞船)
44.launch aspaceship()(救灾)
45.provide reliefto disaster-stricken disaster-affected areas(发扬优良老式)
46.carry forwardthe finetraditions(年增长率)
47.annual growthrate(充足发挥潜力和发明力)
48.develop fullyones potentialand creativity(改善社会风气)
49.improve publicmorals(应当受到法律的严惩)
50.deserve tobe punishedheavily bythe law(使大学生活愈加丰富多彩)
51.make ouruniversity life more diversified(增长知识,开阔视野)
52.enrich ourknowledge andbroaden ourhorizon(追求理想)
53.the pursuitof ourideals(不一样的世界观)
54.a differentperspective ofthe world(接触到不一样的思想和价值观)
55.be exposedto differentideas andvalues(持续的
56.a long-lasting feverof obtaininga varietiesof qualificationsand certificates考证热)(考研热)
57.the crazefor graduateschool(考研)
58.take partintheentrance examsfor postgraduateschools(证明学生的能力)
59.confirm studentsabilities(教育方针)
60.guidelines foreducation(学历)
61.education background学士学位(毕业证书)
62.bachelors degreediploma(把书本知识与实践结合起来)
63.combine bookknowledge withpractice(做社会调查)
64.conduct socialinvestigations(因材施教)
65.teach studentsaccording totheir aptitude(扩大招生)
66.expand enrollment(满足社会的急需)
67.meet theurgent needofthe society(全面发展)
68.development in an all-around way(优等生)
69.top rankingstudents(具有良好的个性)
70.have apleasant personality(出现,大量涌现)
71.spring out(培养综合能力)
72.develop comprehensive ability(专业矢口识和技能)
73.specialized knowledgeand skills(与社会近距离接触)
74.get closercontact withthesociety(更开阔的眼界)
75.broader vision(左右为难)
76.be in a dilemma.(在之间保持平衡)
77.strike abalance between...and..(处在困境中)
78.in unfavorablesituation(有能力胜任)
79.be competentfor面对,面临
80.be confrontedwith(失败,遭受惨败)
81.meet onesWaterloo(缓和紧张与压力)
82.relieve one^tension(消除也许导致的精神瓦解)
83.eliminate apossible nervousbreakdown(应对措施)
84.coping devices(沉溺在过去中)
85.dwell on the past(有权获得)
86.be entitledto sth(相信,信任)
87.have confidencein sb/sth(获得信心)
88.acquire confidence(重视,强调)
89.attach importanceto/lay emphasison(认真看待)
90.take sthseriously(产生不满意的成果)
91.yield unsatisfyingresult
92.ranging from...to...(范围包括,从......至U....)
93.make thestudents9lifemorecolorful andenjoyable(丰富学生生活)(激发他们的爱好)
94.stimulate theirinterests(身心健康)
95.both physicallyand psychologically/mentally healthy(覆水难收)
96.spilled milk(唯一的出路/措施)
97.the onlyway out(不良后果)
98.negative consequences(解释这一现象)
99.account forthis phenomenon占份额
100.accountfor80percent80%(违法日罪)
101.violate thelaws orcommit crimes3()(侵犯某人利益/版权/人权
102.infringe onone,s interest/copy right/human rights(不道德的或非法的)
103.immoral orillegal(垃圾短信)
104.garbage messages(毕生的事业)
105.a lifelongcareer(牢记)
106.bear inmind(处理问题)
107.address/approach/settle/resolve/tackle theproblem(使问题得到缓和)
108.alleviate theproblem(热衷于,对感爱好)
109.be keento do sth/be keenonsth・・・(被排斥在外)
110.be excludedfrom(经济滑坡)
111.economic downturn(轻易得到)
112.accessible to/available to(有权获得或使用)
113.have/get accessto sth(公告牌)
114.bulletin board(学费)
115.tuition fees(偿还贷款)
116.refund theloans(财政协助)
117.financial aid(臭氧层)
118.ozone layer(大风)
119.high wind(轮划)
120.roller skating(过山车)
121.roller coaster(长处和缺陷)
122.merits anddemerits/drawbacks(骑车人和步行者)
123.cyclists andpedestrians(设备与公共设施)
124.facilities andutilities(一种敏感害羞的人)
125.a consciousman(一种有良心或良知的人)
126.a conscientiousman(一项故意义的事业/工作)
127.a worthycause/a rewardingjob(获得,得到)
128.come bysth(在那种状况下)
129.under suchcircumstances(指控)
130.accuse sbof/charge sbwith()(做.没有道理/没故意义)
131.There isno sensepoint doing sth・・()
132.call forWM()(喜欢)
133.take aliking forto/have affectionfor(竭力)
134.take pains(忍住,戒除)
135.refrain from(处理)
136.attend to(喜欢,参与,从事)
137.go infor(废除)
138.do awaywith=abolish/eliminate/eradicate(忍受)
139.put upwith/live with=tolerate(出现,产生,形成)
140.come intobeing/existence(侍侯)
141.wait on,(建立,积聚,增强)
142.build upa fortune/onc sbody(继续)
143.proceed with(欺骗)
144.take in=deceive(爱慕,从事,养成)
145.take to(同情)
146.have sympathyfor(热心于,积极参与)
147.be enthusiasticabout(讲究,挑剔)
148.be particularabout food/clothing(您以便时尽早)
149.at yourearliest convenience(以便,预备着)
150.at hand(明显不一样)
151.distinct from(隔离)
152.isolated from(有特点)
153.characteristic of
155.the absenceof/the lackof(卫生状况)
156.sanitary condition(提出了挑战)
157.pose challenges(应对拟战)
158.meet thechallenges/problem/situation K(困难大学生/贫困家庭)
159.underprivileged students/impoverished families(不符合质量规定)
160.fall shortofthequality requirements(绝不能)
161.on noaccount(弥补,赔偿)
162.make upfor/compensate for)(来源于,来自)
163.stem from/originate from/be derivedfix m(相容而不矛盾)
164.compatible rather than conflicting(给以优先考虑)
165.give priorityto education(大规模地)
166.on alarge scale(综合能力,全面的能力)
167.all-round ability/comprehensiveability(通例,司空见惯的事,一贯做法)
168.common practice(跳槽,换工作)
169.job hopping
170.be indebtedto(感谢......)(向你姐姐致意)
171.give myregards toyour sister()(消除贫穷,消除腐败)
172.eradicate=eliminate poverty/corruption(持续五年)
173.five yearsin arow/five consecutiveyears(携手共同努力)
174.join hands/joint efforts/make concertedefforts(科学发展观)
175.scientific outlookof development(增长内需)
176.boost domesticdemand(跳跃式发展)
177.advance byleaps andbounds(各级政府)
178.governments atall levels(各彳亍各业)
179.people ofall trades(参与,卷入)
180.be involvedin(投入至于)
181.engage in/be engagedin/participate in/join inU,ft(系歹——套)
182.a rangeof/a seriesof——U,(明显的竞争优势)
183.decided competitiveedge(寄发,发送一份简历)
184.application(立艮[彳亍动)
185.act withoutdelay I(联络某人)
186.contact sb/gct intouch withsb(历史遗迹)
187.historical relics(景,点)
188.scenic spots/tourist attractions(名月生)
189.places ofinterest/interesting places
191.lag farbehind(如下)
192.as follows(冒昧地,冒险做)
193.venture to dosth(代表)
194.on behalfof(内心的安宁)
195.inner peace(把...提交给...)
196.submit sthto(追溯至[))
197.date backto/originated from(修缮工程)
198.renovation project(=断然拒绝)
199.flat refusal/refuse flatlyabrupt(对..的不满)
200.dissatisfaction with・(最终)
201.inthelong run(掌握,精通)
202.have agood command/knowledge of(符合规定)
203.meet therequirements(必修课)
204.required/compulsory courses(选多课)
205.selective/optional courses4(辅修课程)
206.minor courses(网络课程)
207.online course(专业课程)
208.course work(刊登有关假冒伪劣产品的文章)
209.carry articlespertaining tofake commodities(满足人们不一样的品味和爱好)
210.cater todifferent tastesand interests(继续教育)
211.continuing education(进修)
212.further education()(有根据的,有见解的决策)
213.an educated/informed decisionguess/opinion(使人有机会接触或经历)
214.give sbexposure to sth(快节奏的生活)
215.fast-paced life(承担经费)
216.finance sth/fund sth/cover thecost ofsth(拨付经费)
217.allocate funds()(感到为难,碰到困难)
218.have ahard timedoing sth(勇敢直面)
219.face sthhead on(倾向于,易于)
220.be pronetosth/doing sth
223.jeopardize sth(找到工作)
224.land ajob
226.living standards
228.on andoff campus(开业,开放)
229.opening up飞(承担不起,够不着)
230.out ofone reach=not affordable(纠缠)
231.pester sbforsth
233.public transport(开始做,试图做,准备做)
234.set outto
235.end up(as/being/in)(以....告终,最终)(防止,规避,逃避,回避)
236.shrink fromsth/doing sth=avoid(公务员)
237.civil servants
239.vary from...to...=differ from(不要踌躇,不用客气)
240.dont hesitateto/feel freeto(居民区,住宅区)
241.a residentialzone(学矢口识,
242.acquire knowledge/impart knowledge/expand onesscope ofknowledge传授知识,扩大知识面)(出名,有名,受到爱慕)
243.gain reputation/popularity(到达目的)
244.achieve onesgoal/attain onesend(作出奉献)
245.contributeto/devote to/dedicate to(对…态度积极/态度肯定)
246.have apositive attitudetoward(由于)
247.dueto/owingto...(值得夸奖,应受惩罚)
248.deserve praise/credit/a reward/thanks/punishment/blame(有影响,起作用)
249.make adifference(对…有影响)
250.have animpact on(赞成,同意,同意)
251.approve of(处置,使用)
252.dispose of/at onesdisposal(由…构成)
253.consist of(说服,使信服,确信)
254.convince of/be convincedof(习惯于)
255.be accustomedto(与.»目比)
256.compared to/with・・(意识至认识到,清晰地懂得)
257.be awareof/be consciousof U,(没有道理,没故意义)
258.thereisno sense/point indoing(提醒,警告,告矢口)
259.remind of/warn of/inform of(救济,减轻,缓和)
260.relievesb.of(录夺)
261.deprive sbof/deny sb.of U(把…和…结合起来)
262.combine with/integrate into(调整,适应)
263.adapt oneselfto/adjust to(遵守)
264.abide by(减少,肖减)
265.cut downU(减少)
266.bring down(遵照)
267.acton(依赖,指望)
268.count on/rely on/depend on/be tiedto(坚持)
269.adhere to/stick to/keep at=uphold(至达)
270.amount to/come to=total U(归因于,原因是)
271.attribute to/be attributedto()(反对)
272.objectto=oppose/resist(屈服,投降)
273.yield to=give into/surrender(混淆,弄混)
274.mix up()(处理,应对)
275.cope with=tackle(提出)
276.put forward/come upwithfavor…,on theother hand,argue that....3Currently Inrecentyears/In thepastfew years,thereishasbeen ageneral widespread/growing/widely heldfeelingtowards concernover/attitude towards/trend towards/belief in....4There isnodenying/doubt that...But…(向里看,调查)
277.look into(留出,拿出)
278.set aside(占用,开始)
279.take up(信任,相信,自信)
280.have confidencein/be confidentin(用…免强应对)
281.make dowith(使变得也许,实现)
282.make itpossible(充足运用)
283.take advantageof/make fulluseof(考虑,顾及)
284.take intoconsideration/take intoaccount(进入,获得,使用,找到)
285.gain/have/get accessto(感谢)
286.gratitude to=gratefulness(专心、致力于)
287.focus on/concentrate on(重视,强调)
288.put/place/lay emphasison(专注于)
289.be absorbedin(感到羞愧)
290.be ashamedof(和...相彳以)
291.be identicalwith(熟悉,认识)
292.be acquaintedwith(当心,谨慎提防)
293.be cautiousabout(关系良好)
294.on goodterms
295.do damageto/do harmto(对.......有害,导致危害,导致损失)(在.•之前)
296.prior to・(吸引,使人感爱好,呼吁,祈求)
297.appeal tosb(优于)/(不如)
298.superior toinferior to(即》冬至来)
299.around thecorner U(从表格中可以看出)
300.as seenfrom thetable(从图中可以看出)
301.as showninthechart(根据图)
302.according tothe graph(上升,下降)
303.go up/down(下降了三成)
304.decrease by3foids(从.下降到)
305.decline from...to・・(到达最高值)
306.reach thehighest level/peak(保持平稳上升)
307.remain steadyontherise
308.increase dramatically/substantially/significantly/considerably/sharply/gradually/(增长或变化状况)steadily/lightly/rapidly(相比之下)
311.apply foradmission toyour graduateschool(与..一致,遵照)
312.comply with・(提高人们的思想觉悟,增强人们的意识)
313.improve peoplesawareness(学习或考试很好,体现很好,干得不错)
314.perform well/adequately(激发某人去积极地投入.)
315.motivate sb.to/be motivatedto・・
317.be concernedwith/about
320.open upa newavenue forlearning English(激发某人的爱好和热情)
321.stimulate onesinterest andenthusiasm((既有的制度和法律)
322.the establishedrules andlaws=existing/in existence(干扰和破坏社会秩序)
323.disrupt socialorders(满足不一样需要/规定)
324.cater fordifferent tastes()(减轻他们的恐惊,增强他
325.lessen theirfear andraise enhancetheir confidence们的信心)(通过类比来阐明和解释我的观点)
326.illustrate mypoints bymaking ananalogy(认为.)
327.argue/hold/maintain/claim/insist that...・・(可以/不可以得出结
328.It followsthat.../but itdoesnt followthat...论)(由...构成)
329.be composedof(与相称)
330.be comparableto・・・(越来越多的)
331.an increasing/growing numberof(我认为)
332.from myperspective(有关的,与…有关)
333.relevant to/be relatedto(面对,面临)
334.be confrontedwith(善意)
335.good will(善举)
336.good deeds(奢靡/奢华/奢侈的生活方式)
337.luxurious/costly/lavish lifestyle(在很大程度上)
338.toalarge extent(一种很好的事例或证明)
339.a casein poit
341.It isself-evident that...(不言而口俞)
342.It goeswithout sayingthat.・・
343.The sameis trueof...(对.....也是同样)(受贝有)
344.take bribes
345.strive hard/spare noeffort to(努力......)(公平竞争)
346.fair play(渡过难关)
347.pull through(尽职尽责)
348.do onesshare(我认为,就我而言)
349.on mypart/as faras Iam concerned,(庄严地立誓)
350.take asacred oath七.掌握并使用英语高级词语高级词语是指一般学生平时不会使用的词语通过掌握和恰当使用高级词语可以防止简朴词语的反复,更精确地体现思想,提高作文档次如下列出的是大学生作文中也许用到的高级词语供大家参照(证明……是对的的,为……辩解)
1.justify(引起)
2.trigger(流行的,盛行的)
3.prevalence/prevalent(见证了,目击了)
4.witness(转达,告诉)
5.convey(给人印象深刻的,感人的)
6.impressive(竞争性的,有竞争力的)
7.competitive(多产的,高效的)
8.productive(生产力,生产效率,工作或学习效率)
9.productivity(丰富的,富余的)
10.abundant(明显的)
11.apparent(有利的)
12.advantageous(恶化)
13.deteriorate(焦急,紧张,压力,增长困难,加大压力,竭力,拉伤,用尽)
14.strain(全面的,多才多艺的)
15.well-rounded/versatile(发人深省的)
16.thought-provoking(意义深远的)
17.far-reaching(繁华,发展)
18.boom(几乎,简直就是)
19.virtually(完全地)
20.fully/sufficiently(彻底地)
21.utterly(史无前例的)
22.unprecedented(无与伦比的)
23.unparalleled(乐观地)
24.optimistically(有好处的,有利可图的)
25.beneficial/profitable(倡导,宣传,支持)
26.advocate(令人惊异的)
27.astonishing/amazing(原因,成分)
28.factors/elements/ingredients/components(方面)
29.facets/aspects/respects(观点,角度)
30.perspective()(阻碍,阻碍,影响了)
31.hamper hinder/hold back(强调,最精彩部分,重点)
32.highlight(恢复,修复)
33.restore(恢复,重新开始,简历)
34.resume(展示,显示,阐明)
35.demonstrate(有同情心的/善良的)
36.sympathetic(极其重要的,必不可
37.essential/crucial/critical/vital/fundamental/indispensable少的)(合适的,合适的;不妥的)
38.appropriate/inappropriate(措施,渠道)
39.approaches/channels(以便,不便)
40.convenient/convenience/inconvenience(餐厅)
41.canteen(获利性的)
42.profit-oriented(重要,极大地)
43.significant/significantly(大量的,巨大的)
44.tremendous/tremendously(富有挑战性的,艰苦的)
45.challenging/demanding/trying(章节,阶段,时期)
46.episode(部分,区域,路段)
47.section(有利的,不利的)
48.favorable/unfavorable(认为,获得)
49.assume(认为)
50.deem/maintain(不人道的)
51.inhumane(=人类)
52.humanity mankind(气温,价格等猛增,迅速增长,迅速升高,翱翔)
53.soar(再次发生,再出现)
54.recurrence(出现)
55.emerge/emergence(诚恳的;友好的,融洽的)
56.cordial/cordially/harmony/harmonious(包括,由构成)
57.encompass/constitute・・・(可供的选择,其他措施,替代者)
58.alternative/subtitute(是……的重要原因)
59.underlie(空的,空缺的)
60.vacant/vacancy(前提条件)
61.prerequisite(前景,前途)
62.prospect()(节省,节省使用,保护)
63.conserve water,electricity,resources(损害,破坏)
64.undermine(毁坏,使泡汤,宠爱)
65.spoil・・・(缩水,减少,退缩)
66.shrink(政府财政收入,税收)
67.revenues大(量的)
68.plentiful/abundant/ample/sufficient(同学,同事)
69.peers/colleagues(宣传)
70.publicize(培养)
71.foster/cultivate/develop sth(招收雇员,征兵)
72.recruit(录取新生)
73.enroll/admit/admission(性格内向/外向的)
74.introvert/extrovert(感觉抱歉的,遗憾的)
75.regretful(教化,启迪)
76.enlighten/enlightenment(启发灵感,鼓舞)
77.inspire(候选人,考生)
78.candidate(合格的)
79.eligible/qualified(个性化的)
80.individualized(大
一、大
二、大
三、大四学生)
81.freshman/sophomore/junior/senior(合适的,可取的,明智的)
82.advisable(各自的,对应的)
83.respective(详细的)
84.specific/concrete(历史悠久的)
85.time-honored(费时的)
86.time-consuming(全国范围内/世界范围内)
87.nationwidc/worldwidc(退款)
88.refund(彳亍业)
89.line/sector(不情愿地)
90.reluctantly(最小/最大/最小化/最大化)
91.minimum/maximum/minimize/maximize(争端/辩论)
92.disputes/debate(必须,必须品)
93.necessity/necessities(不可防止的)
94.inevitable(必不可少的)
95.indispensable(悠闲地,随便地)
96.leisurely/casually()(休对,闲段)
97.leisure time/industry/business/wear/activity/center/complex IH(在校本席〉生/毕业生/硕士)
98.undergraduate/graduate/post graduate(加重)
99.aggravate(凉爽的,清爽的,令人精神振奋的)
100.refreshing(安装)
101.install(花盛开,旺盛,繁华)
102.bloom/blooming(繁华)
103.prosperous/prosperity(有成果的,有效果的)
104.fruitful(精通的,纯熟的,能干的)
105.proficient/proficiency(能干的,称职的/高效的)
106.competent/efficient(财务的,金融的,财政的)
107.financial(最佳)(首选的)(偏爱)/(最惠
108.preferably/preferred/preference preferential的)(分摊)
109.split/share(特色菜品等/特产,专业)
110.specialty(最高点,顶点)
111.peak(资格,条件)
112.qualification
114.fulfill/accomplish/achieve(评价,评估)
115.assess/evaluate(审查,修改,修订)
116.review(旅游目的地,终点站)
117.destination(人格,性格,人物)
118.personality(时尚的,流行的)
119.fashionable(祖先)
120.ancestor/forefather(不信任)
121.mistrust(重于,胜过,超过,好于)
122.outweigh(过量)
123.excess/excessive(一种消遣,一种娱乐形式,打发时光)
124.a pastime(前景,前途)
125.prospects/vision()(预期的,目
126.prospective reader,buyer,candidate,employer,customer,investor的的,有也许发生的)(基础建设,基本建设)
127.infrastructure()(优质的)
128.quality products,service,time,education(提议)
129.recommendations(混合,混合物)
130.blend(反恰当的,合适的,需要的)
131.right wrong,(成绩,总分,得分)
132.score(薪酬不高,工资低)
133.underpaid(即将到来的)
134.upcoming(多功能的,多才多艺)
135.versatile/versatility(人才,精英)
136.talents/elites(骗子)
137.fraudster/swindler/impostor(无疑)
138.undoubtedly(不可否认)
139.admittedly(精确地,精确地说)(精确的)
140.precisely/accurate(积极的,肯定的;消极的,负面的;乐
141.positive/negative/optimistic/pesimistic观的;消极的)(加强)
142.intensify/reinforce(强力实行)
143.enforce(暂停,终止)
144.suspend(释放,放出,公布新闻,出院)
145.release(劫难,灾害,大灾)
146.disaster/disastrous/catastrophe/calamity(到期的,应有的/不必要的)
147.due/undue(虚弱的,脆弱的,易碎的,易受袭击或伤害的)
148.fragile/vulnarable(慈善)
149.charity
150.virtues/fraternity/patriolism/loyalty/devotion/tolerance/forebearance/curiosity/(美persistence/diligence/discipline/perseverence/resolute/sincerity/courage/honesty德兄弟手足之情/博爱/爱国主义/忠诚/敬业/宽容/忍耐/好奇/执著/勤奋/自律/毅力/真诚/勇敢/诚实等)5Anyone whotakes acloserlook atthe datain thetable/graph canbesurprised tofind that...6Now itis commonlywidely/generally/increasingly believedthought/held/accepted/felt/acknowledged that•…But Iwonder doubtwhether...7It haslong beenconsideredonly rightandproper to...in China.8As opposedtogenerally acceptedviews,Ibelieve that…9With the,development of…vastchanges awaitour collegestudentsour society/ourcountry.10When itcomes toFaced with....,most peoplethepublic/quite afewpeople maintainargue/contend that…but otherpeopleconceivedifferently.11A publicdebate hasarisenas toover/concerning...12We oftenfindourselves caughtinvolved窘inadilemma境・whether..13I agreewith theabovestatement becauseIbelieve that....14As faras Iamconcerned,however,Ibelieve that....15On thesurface Atfirstthought,it mayseem asoundan attractivesuggestionsolution/idea,but onsecond thoughtoncloser analysis,we findthat…
二、中间段论证充足、流畅自然、中间段的写作要点1中间段的任务是根据开头段所交代的内容来论述文章的论点,围绕主题或论点展开讨论,或就详细规定进行描述和阐明中间段是文章的正文,其作用是从不一样的层面对文章主题进行详细和详实的解释和论证中间段篇幅一般比开头段和结尾段长,每段有对应的主题句,包括定义、解释、描写等手法,阐明主题思想的扩展句采用实例、数据或个人经历等写作手段,当然不一样种类的段落采用不一样的扩展手段,这在第一章的第五节有关段落的展开措施部分详细讲过中间段要有如下特点)所波及内容应当精确、清晰,颇具说服力;1)段落中一定具有主题句(最佳放在句首);2)段落内容应当保持完整、统一,没有阐明局限性之处或多出冗长的细下;3-44-)内容次序安排合理,逻辑性较强;4)段落之间连贯自然;5)段落中讨论的内容主次分明,材料比例合适;6)词与句型运用合理并且有变化
7、文字通顺连贯,善用过渡词或词组2英语中的过渡句和连接词是文章通顺连贯的重要标志,复合句内部必须要有连接词,有时句子之间也需要连接词,而连接词体现的是句子内部和句子之间严谨的逻辑和论证推理关系,是英文语言最大的价值之一当然段与段之间还需要过渡句或过渡词组来加以联络,以到达通顺之效果大家假如在写作中恰当应用过渡词语,会增长文章的可读性,使文章层次分明,如下是我们对写作中英文逻辑关系以及引导多种逻辑关系连接词和词组的归纳)总结关系过渡词语1generally speaking,generally,asageneral rule,in general,onalarger scale,to taketheideafurther,in asense,inaway,to someextent,in myopinion,in myview,as forme,as faras Iamconcerned,obviously,undoubtedly,in termsof,inconclusion,in short,in brief,in summary,in aword,onthewhole,to sumup,to conclude)比较对比关系过渡2词语similarly,likewise,like,too,equally important,the sameas,in common,inthe sameway,on thecontrary,ontheone hand,ontheother hand,otherwise,in sharpcontrast,whereas,ratherthan,conversely,instead,in/bycontrast,but,。
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