还剩4页未读,继续阅读
文本内容:
名词
一、名词的复数.名词变复数的规则形式1一般状况下直接加
1.s book-------books cup--------cups,以辅音字母结尾的,先变为再加2+y yi es.city-----------cities family-----------families,以、、结尾的力口3s xsh ches.bus--buses wish----------wishes watch----------wathes,以结尾的多数加初中阶段只有三个单词加4o Ses.tomato-----------------tomatoes potato--------potatoes hero------heroes,以、结尾的,先把、变再加5f fef fev esleaf-—leaves self—selves shelf----shelves life——livesthief-thieves.少数名词的复数形式是不规则的2man——men woman---women child——childre foot----feet tooth——teeth mouse---mice.单数和复数形式相似叩——3deer---deer fish——fish shesheep Chinese——ChineseJapanese—Japanese,某国人的复数
4.中、日不变1Chinese——Chinese Japanese—Japanese英、法变
2.Englishman——Englishmen Frenchman——Frenchmen.其他力口背面3s American--Americans German——Germans Australian---Australians
二、不可数名词.不可数名词,不能直接用数字表数量.不能直接加或没有复数形式112a an
3.,可用、修饰,可用“量词短语”表达4some anylots ofplenty ofmuch
5.不可数名词的数量的表达措施/数字+量词+不可数名词2a of+a pieceof papera cupof teaa glassofmilk
三、名词的所有格所有格.用连接两个并列的单数名词表达共有关系时,这时只在最终一种名词后加1andThis isMaryand Lilybedroom..用连接两个并列的单数名词表达各有关系时,这时分别在每个名词后加“包”
2.1and TheseareTomand Jackschool bags.,以结尾的名词,变所有格时在后加,不以结尾的复数名词,仍加3s s ssTeachers DayChildrensDay,表达店铺、医院、诊所、住宅等名称时,常在名词后加,代表全称4s at the doctor^at theBobs.由、、与、结合的复合不定代词、等和连5some anyno every one bodysomething anythingelse用时,所有格应加在的背面else This issomebody elsepencil..表达时间、距离、国家、都市等无生命的名词,也可在词尾加,来构成所有格6san hoursride twoweeks5time Chinascapital所有格
2.of用来表达无生命的名词所有格
1.of themap of China thedoor of the room双重所有格名词所有格名词性的物住代词
2.of+of+
四、名词作句子成分He is a friendof mybrother.Is shea daughterofyou.名词作主语1表达时间、金钱、距离作主语时,谓语动词用单数
1.There is a shoefactory nearthe school.名词作定语时,个别状况用复数形式
2.sport Thesports meetingwill beheld nextweek.、作定语表达性别时,、随背面的名词单复数而变
3.man womanman womanone manteacher twowomen teachers冠词的使用方法考察重点冠词的考察重点包括不定冠词和的使用方法,定冠词的使用方法和零冠词的使用a anthe方法等一和的区别.a an不定冠词有和两种形式,用于辅音(不是辅音字母)开头的词前,用于元音(不是元音a ana an字母)开头的词前例如a boy,a university,a Europeancountry;an hour,an honor,an island,an elephant,an umbrella,an不看字母看读音,不见原因(元音)别施恩()二.不定冠词的使用方honest man,a usefulbook n法.泛指某一类人、事或物;相称于这是不定冠词的基本使用方法1any,a/an Ahorst isan animal•泛指某人或某物,但不详细阐明何人或何物2A girlis waitingfor you..表达数量,有“一”的意思,但数的概念没有强烈3one I have acomputer.,表达“每一”,相称于,我一周上五天课4every.I go to schoolfive daysa week.用在序数词前,表达“又一”,“再一5o I have threebooks.I wantto buya fourthone.,用在某些固定词组中:()6a lotof,after awhile,a few,a little,at atime,have aswim,have acold,in ahurry,for along time,have agood time,have alook三.定冠词的使用方法特指某(些)人或某(些)物,这是定冠词的基本使用方法
1.The bookonthedesk ismine.指谈话双方都懂得的人或事物.指上文已经提到的人或事物2Open the window,please.3I havea car.The caris red..指世界上独一无二的事物4Which isbigger,the sunor theearth,用在序数词,形容词最高级前5The firstlesson isthe easiestone inthis book.,用在由一般名词构成的专有名词前长城,美国6the GreatWall theUnited States,用在某些形容词前,表达某一类人穷人,盲人7the poorthe blind用在姓氏复数形式前,表达“全家人”或“夫妻俩”格林一家或格林夫妻俩8the Greens.用在方位词前在左边,在中间.用在乐器名称前9ontheleft in the middleof10Sheplays thepiano everyday..用在表达海洋,河流,山脉,群岛及国家和党派等名词前黑海,11the BlackSea theYangzi River长江.用在某些固定词组中:仍然;一直;此刻;12all the same allthe timeat themoment atthesametime同步;顺便说;买东西/洗衣服;by theway dothe shopping/washing in the morning/afternoon/evening在上午/下午/晚上;四.零冠词的使用方法in theopen air.棋类,球类,一日三餐名词前不用任何冠词1Play chessplay footballhave supper特例当指详细的某个球时,其前可以用冠词.我可以看football,basketball Ican seea football到一只足球那只足球在哪儿?(指足球,并非“球类运动”)Where sthe football
2.季节,月份,星期,节假日名词前不用任何冠词.In Julyin summeron Mondayon Teachers9Day.人名,地名,国家名前不加冠词3Beijing isthe capitalofChina.学科,语言,称呼,语职务名词前不用冠词4Math ishard tolearn.复数名词表达类别时不加冠词5They areworkers Ilike eatingapples.名词前已经有物主代词(等)、指示代词()、不定代词6my,your,his,her this/these,that/those(等)及所有格限制时,不用冠词(正);(误)some,any mybook mythe book•在表特定的公园,街道,车站,桥,学校等之前7No.25Middle School五.用与不用冠词的差异住院在医院里在…(外部的)前面在…(内in hospital/in thehospital infront of/inthefront of部的)前面进餐在桌子旁乘船在海边(…)上学(做at table/atthetable bysea/by thesea goto schoolchurch礼拜…)(…)到学校(教堂…)去我们当中的两人/gotothe schoolchurch twoof us/the twoof us我们两人(合计两人)明年次年一位教师兼作家(一next year/the nextyear a teacher andwriter种人)一位教师和一位作家(两个人)/a teacherand awriter代词一.人称代词:单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称I mewe us第二人称you you youyou第三人称it/she/he it/her/him theythem.主格作主语,宾格作动词或介词的宾语.()1He teacheswe Chinese..三种人称代词并列时,次序为:单数:二,三,一()复数:一,二三(2You,she andI we,you)and they注:若把责任担,第一人称最当先,(即若做错事时,把第一人称放在最前面.)She andIhavebeen toBeijing.Who brokethe windowI andMike.注尚有某些尤其的使用方法it)用作形式主语,常用于句型中)用在句型…中.1Its+adj+to do sth”.2“It seemsthat)用在句型:中)用在句型:中.)用在句型3Its onesturn to do sth”.4Its timetodosth/for sth”5从句中.)用作形式宾语,用来替代动词不定式.“Its+adj+that6make/think(名词)+/feel/find+it+adj todosth.二.物主代词.第一人称第二人称第三人称单数复数单数复数单数复数形容词性my ouryour yourits/his/her their名词性mine oursyours yoursits/his/hers theirs形容词性的物主代词作定语放在名词前,不能单独使用名词性的物主代词,背面不能加名词名词性的物主代词常与连用of()()Our classroomis asbig asthey.This isa friendof my.注)名词性的物主代词相称于形容词性的物主代词加一种名词.1(名词性的物主代词=形容词性的物主代词+名词))形容词性的物主代词与连用时,背面可跟名词也可不跟名词.2own Myown house=a三.反身代词house ofmy own单数复数第一人称myself ourselves第二人称yourself yourselves第三人称himself/herself/itself themselves记忆小窍门反身代词有规律,第三人称宾格加.其他都要物主加复数来把替.反身代词的常用self self,ves f搭配enjoy oneselfhurt oneselfteach oneself=learn...by oneslfall by oneself helponeself to...look afteroneselfleave sbbyoneselflose oneself in sayto oneselffor oneselfdress oneselfimprove oneselfsee四.指示代词oneselfinthe mirror近指远指
1.this thesethat those,使用方法常用来替代前面出现的人或物,以防止反复替代可数名词的单数2lthat those.That或不可数名词.替代复数名词.ThoseThe weatherin Guangdongis hotterthan inQinghai.The booksin thatshop arecheaperthan inthis shop.A.this B.that C.one D.those可替代句子或句子的一种部分,替代前面提到的句子而替代下面提到的句子.2this,that thatthisHe hada badcold,that iswhy hedidnt come.在电话用语中,替代自己,而替代对方.五,不定代3this thatThisisTom speaking.Who isthat词的区别.与的区别替代同类事物中的一种,替代上文中出现的某事物l.one itOne it.This bookisagoodone.May Iborrow it与的区别一般状况下,用于肯定句,用于否认,疑问句,条件句中.但在
1.some anysome any表提议的疑问句中,仍用代常用于开头或....some any.could/would/May whatabout/how about的句中May Ihave somewaterHe askedme forsome paper,but Ididnt haveany.与的区别可数名词的复数不可数名词都相称于复数名词/
3.many muchMany+Much+a lotof+不可数名词注:不能用于否认句中.否认句中用a lotof many/much.的区别
4.a few/few/a little/little表否认(几乎没有)表肯定(有一点/儿种)修饰可数名词few afew修饰不可数名词little alittleThe storyis easyto read.there arenew wordsin it.Hurry up!There istime left.的区别
5.each/every表达两者或两者以上的人或物中的每一种.而表达三者或三者以上的人或物中的每一each every种.There aretrees andfrowers on side of the street.student hasread astory.注:可以与连用作主语时,谓语动词用单数.而不能与连用.只能放在名each ofeach ofevery of词前作定语.Each of usstudy hard.与的区别
6.no onenone表达没有人,不能与连用.而+复数名词/代词,作主语时,谓语常用单数.no oneof noneofThe boyswere alltired,but ofthem stoppedto havea rest.的区别
7.both/neither/either/all/none/any都都不任何一种两者之间both neithereither三者或三者以上all noneanyThere aremany treesonsideoftheriver.A.both B.any C.either D.all注的否认词是的否认词是
5.any,anything,anyone,anyboby也可用于肯定句中,表达“任何......./任何物/任何人”()Everything beginto growin spring,。
个人认证
优秀文档
获得点赞 0