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新人教版八年级上册英语单元语法及知识点归纳2018Unitl Wheredid you go onvacation【重点语法】不定代词不指名代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词用法注意和可数名/不可数名
1.some any+多用于肯定句,多用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句有些问句中用不用some anysome,问话者希望得到对方肯定回答any,由与构成的复合不定代词作主语时,其谓语动
2.some,any,no,every body,one,thing词用三单不定代词若有定语修饰,该定语要置于其后如
3.something interesting【重点短语】为某人买某物
1.buy sthfor ab./buy sb.sth尝起来……
2.taste+adj.
4.seem+to be+adj大地方小地方到达某地
5.arrive in+/arrive at+决定做某事
6.decide to do sth.尝试做某事尽力做某事
7.try doing sth./try to do sth.喜欢做某事
8.enjoy doing sth.想去做某事
9.want to do sth.开始做某事二
10.start doing sth.begin doing sth..停止做某事区分,停下来去做某事
11.stop doing sth stopto do sth不喜欢做某事
12.dislike doingsth.
16.tell sb.not to do sth.继续做某事
17.keep doingsth.忘记去做某事忘记做过某事
18.forget to do sth./forget doingsth打扮/化妆成
3.dress up代替某人
4.take onesplace干的好/表演的出色
5.do agood job想到/思考
6.think of游戏节目
7.game show
9.talk show肥皂剧
10.soap opera继续
11.go on看电影
12.watch amovie其中之一
13.one of...5竭尽全力
14.try ones best to=do onesbestto一双
15.a pairof一样闻名/出名
16.as famousas看起来像
17.look like世界各地
18.around theworld
20.one day例如
21.such as一个象征/标志
22.a symbolof快乐的事情
23.something enjoyable有趣的信息
24.interesting information【词语辨析】
2.mind/V-ing
3.stand站,站立起立1“eg Standup!忍受”多用于否定句、疑问句,后可+名/代2“/V-ing打算,
4.plan vt.vi.if JcJ,plan to do sth.还可作名词,如制定计划plan makeplans(讨论)+
5.v.discuss ion—n.discussion对某事进行讨论had adiscussion about sth.发生;出现
6.happen v.或时间/地点”句式sth+happens to sb.”“sth happened+情态动词
7.语气弱于意为“可能”may can,表推测,语气最弱,意为“可能”might表示否定推测时语气最弱,意为“可能不”may/might not它们可能不是那么令人兴奋They maynot bevery exciting.期盼做某事
8.expect to do sth.希望干某事hope to do sth:很多动词后面都可以跟动词不定式作宾语,如want,like,hope,wish,learn,start,begin,prefer,try,ask
10.one of.我最喜欢的电影之一是憨豆先生One ofmy favoritemovies isMr.Bean.节目;•展示
11.show n.TV shows/talent showsv showsth.to sb.=show sb.sth.Unit6Im going to studycomputer science.【重点词语/短语用法解析】
1.want to be/become+(职业)名词“想要成为・・・・.”()I want to bebe ascientist when I growup.写故事
2.write stories讲故事tell stories继续做某事(表动作的反复)
3.keep ondoingsth.,保持做某事(表动作或状态的持续)keeping doingsth名/代・“肯定”
4.be sureabout+/V ingAreyou sureabout thatmakesurethat+从句.......确保.......”Make surethat bothdoors areclosed whenyou goout.
5.learn sth.We mustlearn English every day.learn to do sth.I amgoing tolearn toplayplay thepiano.讨论;商量名词是
6.discuss v.discussion与某人讨论:discuss with sb.Discuss thisquestion withyour partner.让我们讨论一下这个问题Lets discussthis problem.我们现在需要的是行动,不是讨论All weneed nowis action,not discussion.能够做某事
7.be able to do sth.动词原形,无人称和数的变化只能用于一般现在时和一般过去时,不能1can:can+用于将来时动词原形,有人称和数的变化,可用于多种时态be ableto+常指客观上能够;更侧重于经过努力、克服一定困难有能力做成某事2can be ableto能够在此不能填He will be ableto speakEnglish nextyear.can承诺;诺言许诺;承诺;答应
8.promise n.v.对某人许下诺言make apromiseto sb遵守诺言keep apromise违背诺言break apromise许诺某人干某事promise sbto do sth.从句promise sb+that他许诺过要帮助我He promisedto helpme.我承诺从现在起努力学习I promisedthat I study hardfrom nowon.
10.take upsth./doingsth.明年我将要学煮饭I amgoing totake upcooking nextyear.
11.Sometimes theresolutions may be toodifficult to keep.too+形容词/副词to+动词原形,表示“太・・・・・・而不能・・・・・.”如:这个小孩太小,不能玩这个游戏The kidis tooyoung toplay thisgame.+名词“某人自己的东西”,强调某物为个人所有
12.ones own我自己的书本my ownbook【重点语法】一般将来时+动词原形”结构“am/is/are going to基本形式
1.否定式+动词原形am/is/are notgoing to一般疑问式八+主语+动词原形+其他?am s/are going to+特殊疑问式特殊疑问词+一般疑问式?他打算在伦敦度假He isgoing tospend hisholidays inLondon.看那乌云,,快要下雨了Look at the darkclouds.There isgoing to beastorm.他会帮我们收集数据吗?Is hegoingtocollect anydata for us明天你打算作什么?What areyou goingtodotomorrow基本用法
2.表示事先经过考虑、安排好打算、计划要做某事1Dad andI aregoingtowatch anopera this afternoon.今天下午我和爸爸打算去看歌剧表示根据目前某种迹象判断,某事非常有可能发生,表示推测2Look!There comethe darkclouds.It isgoingtorain.瞧!乌云密集天要下雨了Unit7Will peoplehave robots【重点词语/短语用法解析】
3.be ingreat danger+名/代参与某事/做某事
4.play apart in/V-ing.Everyone shouldplay apart insaving theearth.帮助某人做某事
5.help sb.with sth.He oftenhelps mewith myEnglish.help sb.(to)dosth.帮助(某人)做......He oftenhelps mestudy English.()自用(食物等)help oneselfto.请随便吃鱼Help yourselfto thefish
10.the meaningofCan youtell methe meaningof thewords【重点语法】一般将来时Unit8How do you make a bananamilk shake【重点词语/短语用法解析】是“切,割”的意思,过去式为
1.cut cut意为“切碎”cut upCutup thebananas.=Cut thebananas up.Cut it/them up.打开,接通(电流、煤气、水等)
2.turn on关掉,截断(电流、煤气、水等)turn off开大,调高(音量、热量等)turn up调低,关小(音量、热量等)turn down另外一件事情
3.one morething再多十分钟another tenminutes数字+物品指“另外的……more+数字+物品指“另外的……another+当数字为时,常与连用或只用one moreanotherGive metwo morehamburgersanother twohamburgers忘记(去)做某事
4.forget todo sth.忘记已做过某事forget doingsth.()该是(某人)做某事的时期了
5.Ifs a time for sb.todo sth.(),该是(某人)做某事的时间了Ifs timefor sb.todo sth.=lts timefor sthItsatimefor youto studyEnglish.()Ifs timeforusto go to school.Ifs timefor school.
6.give thanks for+名/代V-ing感恩....”We shouldgive thanksfor ourparents.He gavethanksforlife andfood.
7.Most Americansstill celebratethis ideasof givingthanks byhaving abig meal,by+sth./doing:1)以......方式I studyEnglish bylistening toEnglish songs.2)在.......的旁边I amsitting bythe pool.3)在.......之前I have to go to school by8:
00.)搭乘4I goto schoolby bus.+名单(宾语)“这是是倒装句
8.Here isHereisaphoto ofmy family.十名复Here areHere are someEnglish books.当宾语是代词时,要用顺装如(对)(错)Here youare.Hereareyou.
13.serve v.n.service+名/代”提供serve Theshop servesnice food.serve sb.sth.=serve sth.tosb.Serve itto yourfriends withsome vegetables.“用某物招待某人serve sb.with sth.Serve theguests withsome tea.【重点语法】名词的单复数Unit9Can youcome tomy party【重点词语/短语用法解析】表示不确定数目中的另一个
1.one...another...表示两者中的另一个one...the other...I dontlike thisone,can youshow meanotherI havetwo brothers.One isa lawyerand the other isa manager.表示没有范围限定的“一些……另一些……”some...others...表示某一范围的“一些……其余的……”some...the others...Some goto schoolby bikeand others goto schoolby bus.Some goto schoolby bikeand theothersgotoschoolbybus.邀请
2.invite v.n.invitation“邀请某人干某事”invite sb.todo sth.地点名词invite sb.to+1Mr.Green invitedmetovisit hisfactory lastweek.2Thanks a lot foryour invitation3Thanks forinviting meto yourparty.意为“今天是儿月几号?月+日
3.1Whafs thedate today“lts+意为“今天是星期几星期几2What dayis ittoday lts+一一5Whafs thedate lts September10th.—What dayis ittoday—Ifs Wednesday.上课
4.have alessonclasshave anEnglish lesson准备
5.prepare v.n.preparation.“准备某物”,所准备的东西就是后面的宾语prepare sth.为……做准备”,指为后面的宾语做准备prepare forsth,准备做某事”prepare todosth“带来,把某物从别的地方带到说话人的地方
6.bring…to...…“带去”把某物从说话的地方带到别处去take...to两者方向相反Bring yourhomework here,and takethe bookaway.把你的作业拿过来,把这本书带走介词没有反义词“具有”
7.without withWecant livewithout water.Jane isa beautifulgirl withlong hair.从句以便于;目的是
8.so that+I studyhard sothat I can get good grades.惊奇
9.surprise n.感到惊奇的指人surprised adj.令人惊奇的指物surprising adj.「惊奇于某事”be surprisedat sth“令某人惊奇的是”to onessurprise
①我对这个令人惊讶的消息感到很吃惊Pm surprisedat thesurprising news.
②令我惊奇的是,他一声不响地离开了To mysurprise,he leftwithout leavinga word.(介词)+名/代
10.look forward to/V-ing我期待你的答复I lookforward toyour reply.I lookforwardto seeing youagain.收到某人的来信
11.hear fromsb.=get a letter fromsb.I heardfrom myfriends yesterday.=l gotaletterfrom myfriend yesterday..做某事的最好方式
12.the best way todo sthExercisingis thebestwaytokeep healthy.,“该怎么做”,疑问词常用来做宾语
13.how todo that+todo sthI dontknow howto makea bananamilk shake.I dontknow whattodo.
14.at the end of“在・.・末尾”Now,it is at theend of
2014.反义短语u在…开始”at thebeginning of,“很高兴/难过做某事
15.be glad/happy/sad todosthI am gladtoseeyou.回复
16.reply tosb./sth...J以写信形式回复这份邀请函”Reply inwriting to the invitation【重点语法】表示邀请的句型()
1.Can/Could you...come tomy party()
2.Would you like to..Would you like tomy party接受Sure/Yes/Of course,Td love/like to.拒绝:
①5原(陈述理由)Im sorry,I cant.I have to/must+V
②…(理由)Id love/like to,but I(理由)
3.Im afraidnot.I…二.与must have to表示主观“必须;表示“主观上的要求”,无人称和时态的变化,否定回答:
1.must must或(不必)表示“禁止”.neednt donthavetomustnt表客观需要,有人称和时态变化,否(没必要)
2.havetodont/doesnt/didnt haveto一点之前我必须回家吗?Must Ibe homebefore eightoclock8一Yes,you must./No,you neednt./No,you donthaveto.UnitIO If yougoto theparty,youll have a great time!【重点词语/短语用法解析】意为“玩得喻快”,
1.have agreattime=enjoy oneself,have fun,have agood/wonderful/nice time做某事很开心haveagreat/good timeindoingsth.要求某人不做某事
2.ask sb.not todosth.The teachersask ustododo lotsof homework.+地点“从某地订购食物”
3.order sth.fromI want to ordersome booksfrom thebook store.保守秘密
4.keep...to oneself除非;如果不
5.unless conj.引导的条件句表示在特定条件下,才决定做或不做一件事unless=if...notThe concertwill beheld asschedule unlessthere isa typhoon.=The concertwillbeheldas scheduleif thereis nota typhoon.害怕干某事
6.be afraidtodosth.Im afraidto speakin frontof otherpeople.害怕某事be afraid of sth.He toldme not tobe afraidofdifficulties.从句beafraid+thatIm afraidthat Icant finishon time
7.be angry with sb.We wereangrywithhim forkeeping uswaiting.be angry at/aboutsth.He isangryat/about youranswer.I wasvery angryat whathe said.最后;终于二
8.in theend at last/finally在…末端;到…尽头attheend ofHemarried thenice girlin theend/atlast/finally.The schoolisattheendof thestreet.【词语辨析】拍照
1.take aphoto/take photos名词复数“许多…”quite a few+
4.feel likesth想要做某事feel doingsth.(想知道)+疑问词()弓|导的从句
5.wonder who,what,why名/代
6.because of+/V-ing从句because+5He cant takea walkbecause of the rain.I dontbuy theshirt becauseit wastoo expensive.
1.always,usually,often,sometimes,never频率副词在句中通常放在实义动词之前,动词或助动词之后常用于一般现在时态中be.“次数”的表达方法2一次两次三次或三次以上基数词+如once,twice,times,three times,five times,“多久一次”问频率,回答常含有频率词组或短语
3.how often常见的疑问词how)多久(以后)1How soon一他多久能回来?How soonwill hebe back粗心的;反义词意为“小心的,
9.careless adj.careful,这个男孩很粗心The boyis verycareless.他比我认真He ismore carefulthan me.,“劝告;建议是不可数名词.
10.advise vn.advice,Give mesome advice!建议做某事advise doingsth.()建议某人(不)做某事advise sb.not todosth.我建议等到适当的时候I advisewaiting tillthe righttime.我建议他不要每天睡懒觉I advisehim notto sleeplate every day.()最好(不)做某事
11.IVs bestnottodosth.Ifs bestto speakEnglisheveryday.从…逃离”“逃避”
12.run awayfrom“切成两半”
13.cut...in half【重点语法】条件句if条件句条件句用于陈述语气,表示假设的情况可能发生,其中是“如果”的意思,引if if导条件状语从句,从句用一般现在时,主句则用一般将来时if(主将从现)主句(主将从现)从句ifIf Ihave muchmoney Imay takea trip.注意在与条件句连用的主句中我们一般用表示将来时,而不用表小将if willbe goingto来时在(当…时候)等引导的时间状语从句中,如果主句为一般将来PS when,after,before时,从句要用一般现在时表示将来(主将从现)如我一到加拿大就给你打电话I willcall youwhenIreach Canada.一般将来时
1.一般现在时主语川原+shall/w+V时主+be(is/am/are)+其它(名/形)
2.主句是祈使句态主+V原+其它
3.主句含有情态动词Can,may,must等词主(三单)(三单)+其它+V.主句含有等表愿望的4want,hope,wish词If Iam anteacher,I willbe busy.例If youcome back,call meplease.旬If hecomes,he willtake ustothezoo.Ifyoucan come,一.他一个月后能回来He willbe backin amonth“多久”2how long一你打扫房子用了多久?How longdid ittake youto cleanthe house一我打扫这房子用了半小时It tookme halfanhourto cleanthe house.名复3Howmany+不可名How much+“多少”问数量还可问价格how much【重点短语】去看电影
1.gotothe movies照顾
2.look after=take careof上网
3.surf the internet健康的生活方式
4.healthy lifestyle去戈板
5.go skateboarding U保持健康
6.keephealthy=stay healthy饮食习惯
7.eating habits做更多的运动
8.take moreexercise与什么相同
9.the same as不同
10.be differentfrom一月一次
11.once amonth一周两次
12.twice aweek
13.makeadifference to对......有影响/作用
14.most of the students=most students购物
15.shop=go shopping=do someshopping对……有益
16.be good for
17.be badfor对.......有害放学回家
18.come homefrom school当然
19.of course=certainly=sure取得好成绩
20.getgoodgrades保持健康
21.keep/be ingood health【词语辨析】
1.maybe/may be是副词,意为“大概,可能,或许、一般用于句首是情态动词,意为“可maybe Maybe能是…,也许是…,大概是The babyis crying.Maybe sheis hungry.The womanmaybea teacher.
2.a few/few/a little/little(少数的,几个,一些)(一点儿,少量)表示肯定afewa little(很少的,几乎没有的)(很少的,几乎没有的)表示否定few little修饰可数名词修饰不可数名词People canlive to100,but fewpeople canlive to
150.There islittle timeleft.I wontcatch thefirst bus.Could yougive mea littlemilk
3.hard/hardly作形容词,意为“困难的,艰苦的,硬的”;作副词,意为“努力地,猛烈地hard hardly为副词,意为“几乎不,The groundis toohard todig.Ican hardly understandthem.Ifs raininghard.The peoplecanhardlygo outside.
4.As forhomework,most studentsdo homeworkeveryday.…意思是“至于;关于”,+名词、代词或动词的形式(即动名词)as for-ing如As forhim,I neverwanttosee himhere.至于他,我永远不希望在这里见到As forthe story,youd betternot believeit.关于那故事,你最好不要相信
5.That soundsinteresting.这是“主语+系动词+表语”结构的简单句(听起来),(看起来),(闻sound looksmell起来),(尝起来),(觉得),(好象),(变得),(变得)taste feelseem growget等词在英语中可用作系动词,后跟形容词作表语如这味道好It tastesgood.这音乐听起来彳艮入耳The musicsounds verysweet.烟雾变得越来越浓了The smokegrew heavierand heavier.
7.not...at allnot be5那个故事一点也没有趣The storyisn tinteresting atall.
10.howeverUnit3Im more outgoing thanmy sister.【重点语法】形容词和副词的比较等级
1.形容词和副词的原形就是原级12比较级,表示较.・・・・・或更・・・・・・最高级,表示最…3比较级句型
2.动词+形容词的比较级比更……”注意与必须是同级的,1A+be+than+BA BA B即必须是人与人,物与物进行对比实意动词+副词比较级+表示比B..2“A+than+B”“A3比较A,B两人/两事物问其中哪一个较・・・・..时用句型“Who/which+谓语动词+.比较级,adj./adv Aor BTWho isthinner,Jenny orMary比较级的特殊用法
3.“比较级比较级、意为“越来越”多音节比较级用原级”1+and+“more andmore+2“the+比较级...,the+比较级・..”意思是越…越…The more,the better.主+形容词比较级名复“主语是两者中较……的”3is+the+ofthetwo+两者在某一方面相同谓语动词动词.原级+
4.A+/be+as+adj./adv as+B.Helen isas tall as Amy.Peter studiesas hardas Tom.表示两者在某一方面不及另一方时,用形容词或副词原级“not as/so++as”Iamnot astallasmy sister.形容词,副词比较级前的修饰语
5.当需要表示一方超过另一方的程度时,可以用等来修饰形容词比much,alot,a little,a bit,较级注意比较级不能用等修饰very,so,too,quite【重点短语】更外向/更开朗
1.moreoutgoing
2.as...as.••与......一样歌咏比赛
3.the singingcompetition最重要的
4.the mostimportant在音乐方面有天赋
5.be talentedin music
7.care about
9.be likea mirror
11.bring out取得更好的成绩
12.get bettergrades伸手达到/达到
13.reach for感动
14.touch onesheart事实上
15.in fact在某方面成绩好
17.be goodat另一个
18.theother与…相似
19.be similarto
20.be goodwith与..・和睦相处玩得开心
21.have fun=Have agood time做某事很开心have fundoingsth,做和我一样的事情
22.do thesame thingsas me().“做某事(对某人来说)是…的”
23.Its+adj+forsb.todosth与某人交朋友
24.make friendswith sb.只要;既然,引导条件状语从句
25.as longas【词语辨析】
2.care about关爱care for(当/小心)take care(照顾)take careof=look after让(使)某人做某事(后跟不带的不定式)
3.make sb.dosth.make toHis fatheralwaysmake meget upbefore fiveoclock.+形容词使某人保持某种状态make sb.My friendsalways makeme happy.就像.•就
4.be likeam likeyour sister.“外貌上的像look likeI looklike mysister.
5.Thatswhy+句子那就是・・.的原因/那就是为什么.・.那就是我努力学习英语的原因Thats whyIstudyEnglish hard.
7.though
①不过;可是;然而(句末补充说明使语气减弱)adv.
②虽然;尽管与不能同时用在一个句子中conj.=although,but他说他要来,可是并没有来He saidhe wouldcome.He didnt,though.Though/Although hehas beendead formany years,many peoplestill rememberhim.尽管他已经去世很多年了,但很多人仍然记得他取得更好的成绩
8.get bettergrades(助动词€由为了避免重复,可代替上文出现过的实意动词
9.~03510/6,与某人相处得好
10.be goodwithsb.Unit4Whafs thebest movietheater【重点语法】形容词最高级用于三者或三者以上的人或事物相比较
1.标志词表比较范围时用in/of形容词最高级前须加定冠词副词最高级前可省略the,the表示“三者(或以上)中最……的”的句型
2.)形容词最高级+表示范围(介词短语)1A4-be+thein/of)实意动词()副词最高级+表示范围的介词短语2A++the of/in常用句式
3.)最高级...,1Who/Which..+A,B orC)形容词最高级+名词复数形式,意为“最...之一”2one of+the+)序数词后跟形容词最高级3【重点短语】到目前为止,迄今为止
1.so far没什么,别客气
2.no problem有相同特征(想法、兴趣等方面)相同
3.have....in common由……决定/是……的职责
4.be upto
5.all kindsof...各种各样的・・..・.发挥作用,有影响
6.play arole indoingsth./sth.编造(故事、谎言等)
7.make up例如
8.for example=e.g.・・・・认真对待
9.take.seriously并不是每个人
10.not everybody离……近
11.close to【词语辨析】名/代“你认为…怎么样?”
1.How doyoulike+/V-ing=What doyou thinkof名/代“感谢
2.Thanks for=Thank youfor+/V-ing:不客气
3.Youre welcome.=Not atall.名(可)天赋
7.win vt.winner n.观看某人做了某事
8.watch sb.dosth.观看某人正在做某事watch doingsth.举例常列举几个例子,不能穷尽,可和(等等)连用;可和
9.such asand soon likesuch互换;一般只列举一个,作插入语用逗号隔开,可置于句首/句中/句末as forexampleUnit5Do youwanttowatch agame show【重点语法】询问某人对某物的观点及看法:
1.What doyou thinkof...=How doyoulike...描述喜好
2.I love/like/dont mind/dislike/cant stand...复习巩固一般现在时态主语其他;主语(三单)(三单)+其他)
3.+V++V【重点短语】查出/发现
1.find out准备做…
2.be readytodo。
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