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2.The moreexposed youngpeople are to financialissues andthe youngerthey becomeaware of themthe morelikely they areto become responsibleforward-planning adultswho managetheir financesconfidentlyand effectively.【句式翻译】年轻人越接触经济问题,他们就能越早地了解这些问题,他们就更有可能成为有责任感的、早作打算的成年人,能够有信心地、有效地管理自己的经济问题【句式分析】本句含有比较级,比较级”的句式,同时又含有一个引导的限制性“the+the+who定语从句,修饰先行词adultso【词语点拨】揭露;使暴露;暴露于;接触1expose vt.be exposed toWe mustexpose thisshameful activityto thenewspapers.我们一定要向报社揭露这一无耻行径We shouldallow children to beexposedtonew ideas.我们应当让孩子们接触新思想遵守法律人人有责爱人和被人爱是这个世界上最大的幸福To loveand to be lovedis the greatest happinessin the world.应付,设法对付;管理;能解决;设法做成2manage v.manage to doWe needpeople whoare goodat managing.我们需要擅长管理的人He managed to sendthe touriststo theairport intime.他设法把游客及时送到机场Small sailboatscan easilyturn overin thewater iftheyarenot managedcarefully.如果掌控小帆船不够小心,它们在水中就容易翻【语法点拨】比较级,比较级%表示“越……越……如“the+the+The morewe gettogether the我们越是多聚会我们越快乐happier wellbe.The longershe workedat itthe moreenthusiastic shebecame.她越干越来劲
3.She foundthat kidspraised fortrying harddid betteron testesand weremorelikelyto take on difficultassignmentsthan thosepraised forbeing“smart”.【句式翻译】她发现因为努力被表扬的孩子比因为聪明被表扬的孩子在考试中表现得更好,更愿意承担困难的任务【句式分析】本句含有一个引导的比较状语从句than【词语点拨】承担;呈现take onHeis alwaysready totakeonheavy responsibilities.他一向乐于挑重担The chameleoncan takeon thecolour ofits background.变色龙可呈现出与其背景相同的颜色【语法点拨】当我们要对两个人或物进行比较时,就采用比较级,比较级的构成形容词或副词的比较级比较成分,意思是“更些或较+than+Deeds arebetter thanwords whenpeople arein needofhelp.当别人需要帮助时,行动胜于语言In aword practiceis farmore importantthan bookknowledge.一句话,实践远比书本知识重要
4.Perhaps moreimportantly thebetter youare atmanaging the time youdevote toyour studiesthe moretimeyou will have tospend onyour outsideinterests.【句式翻译】也许更重要的是,你越善于管理你的学习时间,你就会有更多的时间用在你课外的兴趣上【句式分析】本句含有比较级,比较级”的句式,同时含有两个非限制性定语从句,分“the+the+别修饰先行词和thetimethe moretime[词语点拨[献身;专心于;常接作宾语,构成短语1devote vt.time/money/energy/life/oneself献身于,致力于;为介词,后面接名词、代词或者动名词be devotedto=devote oneselfto to郎朗小时候就把很Lang Langdevoted alot oftime toplaying thepiano evenwhen he was alittle child.多时间都用来弹钢琴结婚之后这个歌手无法全力倾After hermarriage thesinger couldntdevote herselftotally toher music.注于音乐表示“花费时间、金钱等2spend somemoney/time onsth=spend somemoney/time indoing sth做某事其中的介词可以省略in这所学校大多数学生Every daymost of the studentsin this school spendthree hourson theirhomework.每天花三个小时做家庭作业用很多时间玩电脑游戏对孩子是有It isbad forchildrentospend alot oftime playingcomputer games.害的【语法点拨】比较级,比较级、表示“越……越……,具体用法参见第句“the+the+
25.He workedthere throughhisschooland universityyears until1942a yearafter hehad gaineda Mastersdegreeat universityin chemistry.【句式翻译】他读中学和大学的那段时间都在那里工作,一直到年,也就是他在大学里获1942得化学硕士学位后的那一年【句式分析】本句含有一个引导的时间状语从句,从句中运用了过去完成时态after【词语点拨】(经过努力)获得,取得gainvt.We gainknowledge bypracticing againand again.我们从反复训练中获取知识They realizedthat passingthe examwas nolonger enoughto gaina placeat university.他们认识到仅仅通过这个考试,并不能确保在大学获得一席之位【语法点拨】过去完成时的构成表示“过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的had done,动作它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去表示过去某一时间可用等构成的短语,by beforeafter也可用等引导的从句或通过上下文表示如when beforeHiseyes shonebrightly whenhe finallyreceived thegift hehad longexpected.当她终于收到她盼望已久的礼物时,她兴奋得两眼闪光By thetime hewas twelveEdison hadbegun to make aliving byhimself.岁时,爱迪生就开始自己谋生
7.In todaysworld winnersare celebratedand treatedas heroesbut ifdoping andgene-therapy continuetoaffect theoutcomes ofmajor sportingevents theword“hero”willhavelost allmeaning.【句式翻译】在当今世界,人们祝贺获胜者,并把他们看作英雄,但如果服用兴奋剂和基因治疗继续影响着主要体育项目的成绩的话,“英雄”就失去了它的全部意义【句式分析】本句是由并列连词连接的复合句,第二个分句运用了将来完成时,同时:包含but有一个引导的条件状语从句if【词语点拨】.庆祝1celebrate vtThewhole citycelebrated theNew Yearwith fireworks.全城放焰火来庆祝新年.影响,感动2affect vtItold himfirmly thathis opinionwill notaffect mydecision.我坚定的告诉他,他的观点不会影响我的决定The audiencepresent wasdeeply affectedby hisspeech.在场的听众都被他的演讲深深地打动了【语法点拨】将来完成时具体用法参见第句
68.One ofthe earliestepidemics onrecord happenedabout500-550AD whenthe Romanemperor at thetime was attempting torebuild theRoman Empire.【句式翻译】历史上有记载的最早的传染病之一发生在公元年,当时的罗马皇帝正在试500-550图重建罗马帝国【句式分析】本句包含一个引导的限制性定语从句,从句中运用了过去进行时when【词语点拨】尝试,试图attempt v.n.William attemptedto findthe solutionto theproblem.威廉试图找到问题的解决办法He wasnearly drownedin theattempt toswim across.他在试图游到对岸去时差一点被淹死【语法点拨】过去进行时的构成表示“过去某个时间正在进行的动作”常用was/were doing,的时间状语有等this morningthe wholemorning fromnine toten lastevening whenwhile如What washe writingall daylast Sunday上周日他一整天都在写什么?My brotherfell whilehewasriding hisbicycle andhurt himself.我哥哥骑自行车的时候从车上摔下来受伤了
9.The last few yearshave seenenvironmental disasterson a grand scaleand expertsare predictingfarworse tocome.【句式翻译】最近的几年里,人们见证了大规模的环境灾难,专家们预测更为严重的灾难即将发生【句式分析】本句是由并列连词连接的复合句,第一个分句运用了现在完成时and【词语点拨】大规模地,大张旗鼓地on agrand scaleWeshould popularizescience on agrandscale.我们应该大规模普及科学【语法点拨】现在完成时的构成常表示“某一动作或状态发生在过去,对现在有has/havedone,影响“,也可表示“持续到现在的动作或状态常用的时间状语或引导的时间状语及for sincebefore等如until now up till now so far upto themoment in the last few yearsWe havebooked aroom fortodayand tomorrow.我们已经预订了今天和明天的房间The househas beenempty fbr ages.这幢房子已经空了相当长时间了现在仍空着
10.In the lastfewdecades scientistshave reachedconsensus andreported thathuman beingsare causingchanges intheEarths climate-something previouslyseen asbeyond our control.【句式翻译】最近几十年,科学家们达成共识并报道说,人类正在引起地球的气候变化一而这在以前看来是我们不能控制的【句式分析】本句是复合句,含有一个引导的宾语从句,主句中运用了现在完成时that【词语点拨】达成共识,达成一致意见1reach a consensusIt isvery difficultfor themto reachaconsensuson thisissue.他们在这个问题上很难取得一致意见超过;越过;在…较远的一边2beyond prep.The delaywas causedby heavyweather andwas beyondourcontrol.延迟是由恶劣天气造成的,我们无法控制The beautyofthescene was beyond compare.景色之美无与伦比Linda alwayswondered whatwasbeyondthe horizon.琳达总是纳闷着地平线的那一边是什么【语法点拨】现在完成时,具体用法参见第句
1011.Treatments forjellyfish stingsand snakebiteshave alsobeen developedand inthe lastfive yearstherehave beenonly threedeaths fromjellyfish stingsand about the samenumber fromsnakebites.【句式翻译】治疗水母刺伤和毒蛇咬伤方法也已经研制成功,在过去的五年里只有三人死于水母刺伤,这与被蛇咬伤致死的人数大体相同【句式分析】本句是由并列连词连接的复合句,第一个分句运用了现在完成时的被动语and7^O【词语点拨】开发,发展,研制新产品developOver the lastfewyears tourismhere hasdeveloped considerably.在过去几年里,这里的旅游业获得了相当大的发展The twocompanies haveteamed upto developa newracing car.那两个公司已合作研制新型赛车【语法点拨】现在完成时的被动语态的结构就是现在完成时态和被动语态的结构的叠合,即表示“过去发生的动作对现在有影响或持续到现在,并且主语与谓语动词has/have beendone,之间为被动关系常用的时间状语或引导的时间状语及for sincebefore untilnowuptillnowsofarup等如to themoment inthe lastfew yearsTheoffice looksnice.It hasjust beencleaned.办公室看起来很干净它刚被打扫过The machinehas beenrepaired fortwo hours.这台机器已修了两小时了
12.Adverts arenot onlymade andpaid forby businessbut alsoby individualsorganizations and广告不仅【句式翻译】广告可由商家付费制作,associations thatwish to inform oreducate thepublic.也可以由想给公众传达某种信息或教育公众的个人、组织或协会来出资制作【句式分析】本句是由并列连词连接的复合句,第一个分句运用了一般现在时not only...but also的被动语态【词语点拨】通知,告知;构成短语通知某人某事inform vt.inform sbof sthIshall informyou soonofthedate ofmy arrival.我将把我到达的日期通知你I regrettoinformyou that I amunable tohelp you.我遗憾地告诉你我没法帮助你【语法点拨】一般现在时的被动语态的构成表示“现在经常性、习惯性的动is/are done作,并且主语与谓语动词之间为被动关系A lotof foodis wastedevery year.每年浪费掉很多食物数百万口屯的废气和Millions oftons ofwaste andpoisonous gasesare sentinto theair withthe smoke.毒气随着烟尘散发到空中
13.Margaret marriedwith twosmall children has been working fbrthelastseven yearsasanight cleanercleaning offices ina bigbuilding.【句式翻译】玛格丽特,已婚,带着两个孩子,七年来一直在做清洁工,晚上给一座大楼里的办公室打扫卫生【句式分析】本句是简单句,运用了现在完成进行时,包含有两个非谓语短语,married在句中作后置定语,作伴随状语with…cleaningoffices【词语点拨】(使)结婚;嫁;娶marry v.Because ofher beautyshe hasmanagedto marry aboveher.由于貌美,她得以嫁给一个地位比她高的人Fm sureJack wassincere whenhe said he wantedtomarryyou.我相信杰克说想娶你是真心的They gotmarried toeach otheragainst theirparents,wishes.他俩的结合违背了各自父母的愿望【语法点拨】现在完成进行时的构成表示“一个动作从过去某个时间开始,has/have beendoing0延续到现在,并且还有可能持续下去”如You have been sitting in frontof thatcomputer toolong.你在电脑前坐的时间太长了No wonderhe isso tired.He has beenworkingall day.难怪他这么累,他工作一天了(转基因)
1115.At nineoclock onSaturday morningril besittinginthe frontrow andlistening tothegreatprofessorWillard talking about thefuture ofmy brain.【句式翻译】星期六上午九点钟,我将会坐在前排,聆听伟大的威拉德教授谈论大脑的未来发展【句式分析】本句是简单句,运用了将来进行时,含有一个复合宾语的结构,在句talkingabout…中作宾补【词语点拨】.听(后面常接介词)listen vitoWhatever yousaidhesimply wouldntlisten.你怎么说他也不听.Were goingto listentoareport thisafternoon.今天下午我们要去听报告【语法点拨】将来进行时的构成表示“将来某一时间正在进行的动作,或表示要will bedoing,在将来某一时间开始,并继续下去的动作“常用延续性动词常用来表示礼貌的询问、请求等如The ministerwill begiving a speech oninternational affairs.部长将就国际事务发表演讲Please dontcall mebetween8:00and10:00tomorrow.Til behaving myclasses then.明天点到点之间请不要给我打电话,我那时正在上课
18.Edmonds is the firstAfrican Americanever towork asa full-time speechwriterfbraU.S.president;heis alsothe firstAfrican Americanto serve as directorof speechwritingfortheWhite House.【句式翻译】埃德蒙兹是第一个非洲裔美国人作为全职演讲撰稿人为美国总统工作他也是第一位非洲裔美国人作为演讲撰稿人总监为白宫工作【句式分析】本句包含有两个由分号分隔开的分句不定式短语..和都作定语,towork.to serve...修饰the firstAfrican Americano【词语点拨】服务;用作;端上serve v.We foundthat birchbark couldserveaspaper.我们发现桦树皮可以作纸用Air hostessesall smilewhen theyserve thepassengers.空姐们为乘客服务时总是满脸笑容Please clearyour booksaway sothatIcan servedinner.请把你的书收拾一下以便我端上饭菜【语法点拨】动词不定式可以放在表示次序的词等后面以及the firstthelastthe onlythe verytheright等词后面作定语且与这些词有逻辑上的主谓关系结构为thefkst/last表示“第一个/最后一个/唯一的/恰好的/合适的/only/very/right/best/youngest...+n./pron.+todosth,/最好的/最年轻的……做某事的人/物”如The lastman toleave thesinking shipwas thecaptain.最后一个离开正在下沉的船的那个人是船长New Zealandwas thefirst nationin modemtimes toallow womento vote.新西兰成为现代史上第一个允许妇女有选举权的国家
19.The Olympicspirit—the spiritof competitionwhich emphasizestaking partrather thanwinning-has beenviolated bythe desireto succeedat allcosts.【句式翻译】奥林匹克精神一强调参与而不是取胜的竞技精神一已经被为成功而不惜一切代价的愿望所亵渎【句式分析】本句是复合句引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词修饰which spirit,to succeeddesire,作定语【词语点拨】与其;不愿;而不是用于连接两个并列成分,连接两个名词或代词作rather than主语时,谓语动词应与前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致rather thanTomrather thanhis friendshasbeenchosen.是汤姆而不是他的朋友们被选中The sweatershe boughtwas beautifulrather thancheap.与其说她买的这件羊毛衫便宜不如说它漂亮I decidedtosendane-mail ratherthan telephone.我决定发邮件而不是打电话【语法点拨】有些名词后常跟不定式作定语,如time wayright reasoneffort chancemovement ability等如desire tendencyThankyou forgiving mea chancetomakeaspeech.谢谢你给我发言的机会Mr.Green hasthe abilityto bringoutthebest inothers.格林先生能做到扬人之长
20.When youset outtodosomething differenttheres noend insight soto findmyself ina positionwhereI nowhave myown nameonacontract ofthe publisher—tobea publishedwriter-is unbelievablyrewarding.【句式翻译】当着手去做不同的事情,看不到结果,所以,发现自己的名字写在出版商的合同上一要成为一个出版作家一是令人难以置信的回报【句式分析】本句是复合句,包含有三个从句,引导时间状语从句,引导结果状语从句,when so引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词…在句中作主语where position,to End【词语点拨】.值得的;有报酬的re wardingadjSo farmy timewith thesechildrenhasbeen veryrewarding.到目前为止我和这些孩子们度过的时光非常有价值Government servicecan bea rewardingand securecareer.政府部门的工作可以很有回报,很有保障【语法点拨】动词不定式可以作主语,位于句首如果动词不定式短语过长,为了避免句子头重脚轻,可用作形式主语,而将真正的主语动词不定式短语后置,具体用法参见第句如:it17To obeythe lawistheduty ofeverybody.。
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