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2024.
11.03China DailyDongQi,an agriculturalexpert,was thrilledto reapa batch of upland rice in a specialexperimental field in the JinzhongNational AgriculturalHigh-Tech IndustryDemonstrationZone in Shanxi province.Different fromother ricevarieties,seeds in the high-tech zoneare the descendants ofupland rice seedsthat werecarried into space bythe ShenzhouXVI crewin May2023andunderwent agenetic mutation process calledspace breedinginside theTiangong spacestation.A total of nine crop seeds,including uplandrice,sorghum,corn andwheat,from thehigh-tech zonewere sent to space for mutagenesisexperiments.They wereexposed tocosmicradiation andmicrogravity duringthe mission,resulting ingenetic mutations.Back on Earth,scientists evaluatedthese mutations,some ofwhich gavethe seedspropertiesfavored byfarmers suchas greateryield,shorter growth period andbetterresistance to diseases.The uplandrice seeds returned to Earth onOct31last year,after more than150days inspace,and were sentto be multipliedat thenational seedbreeding basein Hainanprovince.Space breedingis afundamental method,similar tohybrid breedingand radiationbreeding.But forspace breeding,the environmentholds morevalue,which cannotbereplicated onEarth,said Dong,a professorat ShanxiAgricultural University.Traditional breeding usually takes eight to10years,but space breeding has the potential toreduce thetime byhalf.Such seedsdo notlook anydifferent,but undergoimportant geneticvariations internally,he added.After the seeds returnedto Earth,scientists foundsignificant geneticchanges andinitiateda seriesof experimentsinvolving crossbreeding.Data from the ChinaManned SpaceEngineering Officeshows thatover3,000spacebreeding experimentshave beenconducted,resulting inmorethan240approved maingrainvarieties andover400new varietiesof vegetables,fruits,trees,grasses andflowers.The experimentshave alsoresulted inan annualincrease ingrain productionofapproximately
2.6million metrictons.
一、细节理解题
1.What isthe uniquecharacteristic of the seedsin thehigh-tech zonementioned in the textA.They are thedescendants of uplandrice seedsthat underwentspace breeding.B.They areonly suitablefor growthinShanxi province.C.They aregenetically modifiedonEarth.D.They areresistant toall diseases.答案A解析文中提至ij seedsin thehigh-tech zonearethedescendantsofuplandriceseeds thatwerecarried into space bythe ShenzhouXVI crewin May2023and underwent a geneticn表明这些种子是mutationprocesscalledspace breedinginside theTiangong spacestation.,经过太空育种的旱稻种子后代，答案是A
二、推理判断题
2.What canbe inferredabout space breeding fromthe textA.It isa lesseffective methodcompared to traditional breeding.B.It cansignificantly reduce the breedingtime.C.It onlyapplies touplandriceseeds.D.It hasno significantgenetic impacton seeds.答案B解析文中提至【J Traditionalbreedingusuallytakeseightto tenyears,but space breeding可以推断出太空育种能显著缩短育种时间,答案has thepotentialtoreducethetime byhalf.,是Bo
三、词义猜测题
3.The word“mutagenesis“in thetext in the contextof spacefor mutagenesisexperimentsis closestin meaningto:A.growthB.destructionC.genetic changeD.planting答案C解析所在句子mutagenesis Atotalofninecropseeds,including uplandrice,sorghum,corn andwheat,fromthehigh-tech zonewere senttospacefor mutagenesisexperiments/*,这里指将种子送到太空进行导致基因变化的实验，基因变化符合语境，答案“geneticchange”是Co
四、主旨大意题
4.What isthe maintopic of the textA.The advantagesof traditionalbreeding methods.B.The process of developingnew ricevarieties inShanxiprovince.C.The applicationand benefits of space breeding technology.D.The challengesfaced byagricultural expertsin seedbreeding.答案C解析文章主要讲述了神舟十六号机组将包括旱稻在内的九种作物种子带入太空进行诱变实验，这些种子返回地球后表现出优良特性，还提到了太空育种的优势等，主旨是太空育种技术的应用和益处，答案是选项文中未重点提及传统育种优势；选项不是关于山西水稻新品种C AB培育过程；选项文中未提及育种面临的挑战D
一、重点词汇专家
1.expert:一批
2.batch试验田
3.experimental field:区域；地带
4.zone品种；种类
5.variety突变；变异
6.mutation太空育种
7.space breeding:辐射
8.radiation微重力
9.microgravity:任务；使命
10.mission特性；性质
11.property生长期
12.growthperiod:抵抗力；抗性
13.resistance种子
14.seed:繁殖；育种
15.breeding方法
16.method环境
17.environment:基因变异
18.genetic variation谷物；粮食
19.grain:生产；产量
20.production
二、根据首字母填词
1.The aexpert providedvaluable adviceon improving crop yields,agricultural
2.The newhigh-tech deviceis usedto monitorthe econditions of the plants,environmental
3.The steam isresponsible forsending theseeds into space,spacecraft
4.After returningto Earth,theseedsneed tobe carefullyeforany changes,examined
5.The rof the space-bred plantsto diseasesis beingstudied.resistance
6.The uniquem in space canlead tounexpected geneticchanges.microgravity
7.The bprocessof these new seeds isquite different from traditional methods,breeding
8.Scientists hopeto findnew vof cropsthrough spaceexperiments,varieties
9.The gofthe space-bred plantsis muchfaster thanthat ofordinary plants,growth
10.The space mission aimsto cvaluable datafor agriculturalresearch,collect
11.The eofthenew crop variety isa long-term process,evaluation12espace-induced mmay bringnew traitsto theplants,mutations
13.The newfarming techniquehasthep torevolutionize agriculture,potential
14.The seedsare stored ina special zto maintain their viability,zone
15.The research project iseveral scientificinstitutions,involves
16.The newseeds have shown gooda to different soil types,adaptability
17.The space-bred plantshave uniquep thatare beneficial to farmers,properties
18.The tof sending seeds intospace isquite challenging,task
19.The space-related ehave opened up new possibilities for agriculture,experiments
20.The datafrom spacebreeding willhelp tootraditionalbreeding methods,optimize
二、单句语法填空
21.The seedsthatsend intospace last year have shown remarkablechanges.
22.A newresearch projectlaunchnext monthto furtherstudy space-bred plants.
23.The geneticvariationsin the plantsobserveby scientistsfor years.
24.The new breeding technique,whichdevelop recently,offers greathope.
25.Many experimentson space-induced mutationsperformin thepast decade.
26.The plantsgrown fromspace-bred seedsshowhigher productivityso far.
27.The technologyof spacebreedinguse bymore andmore countriesnowadays.
28.The datacollected fromspace missionsanalyzeto findnewbreedingstrategies.
29.The new cropvariety,ifcultivate properly,can bringhuge benefits.
30.The researchon space-related agricultureexpandrapidly in recent years.
31.The space-bred seeds,whenplant indifferent regions,behave differently.
32.The scientistswhowork onspacebreedingare highlyrespected.
33.The newmethod ofbreedingprove itseffectiveness in many tests.
34.The space-induced changes intheseedsstudy intensivelyat present.
35.The equipmentused forspace breedingupgradeconstantly.
36.The plantsthatexpose tospace conditionshave uniquefeatures.
37.The newbreeding projectrequirea largeamount offunding.
38.The space-related researchcontributesignificantly toagricultural science.
39.The dataabout space-bred plantspublishin several scientific journals.
40.The newvariety of crops,onceintroduce to the market,will bepopular.答案及解析根据首字母填词
1.agricultural-解析根据（专家）和（提高作物产量），可知是“农业专家“expert”“improvingcropyields”“，所以填agriculturalo
2.environmental-解析（监测）后应接环境相关的词汇，（环境条件）符“monitor”“environmental conditions合语境
3.spacecraft-解析根据（把种子送上太空），可知是“航天器团队”，所“sending theseeds intospace”以填spacecrafto
4.examined-解析（种子）返回地球后需要被检查，符合语境“seeds“examined”
5.resistance-解析（对疾病）表明是在研究植物的“抗病性”,所以填“todiseases“resistance”
6.microgravity-解析（在太空）有“微重力”，会导致基因变化,所以填“inspace”“microgravity”
7.breeding-解析:根据u（这些新种子的）和（与ofthesenewseedsdifferentfromtraditionalmethods传统方法不同），可知是“育种过程，所以填”“breeding”
8.varieties-解析（通过太空实验）希望找到新的“作物品种”，所以填“through spaceexperiments”“varieties”
9.growth-解析根据（比普通植物快）,可知是“生长”，所以填“fasterthanthatof ordinaryplants”“growth”
10.collect-解析（太空任务）的目的是“收集”数据,所以填“space mission“collect”
11.evaluation-解析（一个长期的过程）和（新作物品种）表明“a long-term process“newcropvariety”是“评估”过程，所以填“evaluation”
12.mutations-解析（太空诱导的）会给植物带来“突变，所以填“space-induced”“mutations”
13.potential-解析:后应接“潜力”，符合语境,表示新技术有革新农业的潜力“hasthe…”“potential”
14.zone-解析（储存在一个特殊的……）应是“区域，符合语境“storedinaspecial…””“zone”
15.involves-解析（研究项目）与（几个科研机构）之“researchproject”“severalscientificinstitutions”间是“涉及”关系，所以填“involves”
16.adaptability-解析（对不同土壤类型）表明是“适应性，所以填:“todifferentsoiltypes”adaptability
17.properties-解析（独特的……）和（对农民有益）表明是“特性”，所“unique…beneficialtofarmers”以填properties
018.task-解析（把种子送上太空）是一项“任务”，所以填“sendingseedsintospace”“task”
19.experiments-解析（与太空相关的）和（为“space-related”opened upnewpossibilitiesforagriculture农业开辟了新的可能性）表明是“实验”，所以填“experiments”
20.optimize-解析:（太空育种数据）有助于“优化”传统育种方法，所以填“spacebreedingdata”“optimize”
二、单句语法填空
21.weresent-解析（种子）是“被送上太空”,且时间是（去年）,所以用一般过去时的“seeds”“lastyear”被动语态
22.will belaunched-解析（下个月）表明要用一般将来时，（项目）是“被启动”，所以“next month“project”用一般将来时的被动语态
23.have beenobserved-解析:（多年来）表明要用现在完成时，（基因变异）是“被观“foryears”“genetievariations”察”，所以用现在完成时的被动语态
24.has beendeveloped-解析（最近）表明要用现在完成时，（技术）是“被开发”，所以用“recently”“technique”现在完成时的被动语态
25.have beenperformed-解析（在过去十年）表明要用现在完成时，（实验）是“inthepast decade”“experiments“被进行”，所以用现在完成时的被动语态
26.haveshown-解析（到目前为止）表明要用现在完成时，（植物）是主语,所以用“so far”“plants”“haveshown”o
27.is beingused-解析（如今）表明时态是现在进行时，（技术）是“被使用”，所“nowadays”“technology”以用现在进行时的被动语态
28.is beinganalyzed-解析（数据）是“被分析”，且这里表示正在进行的动作，所以用现在进行时的被动“data”语态
29.cultivated-解析引导的条件状语从句省略了主语和部分谓语,完整形式是这里省略“if”“if it is cultivated”,用过去分词“it is”,“cultivated”
30.has beenexpanding-解析:（近年来）表明要用现在完成进行时，（研究）是主语,所以“inrecentyears”“research”用“has beenexpanding”o
31.planted-解析引导的时间状语从句省略了主语和部分谓语，完整形式是“when”“whentheyare planted,这里省略，用过去分词“they are“planted”
32.work-解析（科学家）是主语，这里描述一般情况，所以用一般现在时“scientists”“work”
33.has proved-解析（在许多测试中）表明要用现在完成时，（方法）是主语,所“inmanytests”“method以用has provedo
34.are beingstudied-解析（目前）表明时态是现在进行时，（变化）是“被研究”，所以“at present”“changes用现在进行时的被动语态
35.is beingupgraded-解析（不断地）表明时态是现在进行时，（设备）是“被升级”,所“constantly”“equipment”以用现在进行时的被动语态
36.have beenexposed-解析（植物）是“被暴露”在太空条件下，且这里表示已经发生的动作，所以用现“plants”在完成时的被动语态
37.requires-解析（项目）是主语，这里描述一般情况，所以用一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人“project”称单数形式
38.has contributed-解析这里强调到目前为止的贡献，（研究）是主语，所以用现在完成时“research”“hascontributedo
39.have beenpublished-解析（数据）是“被发表”，且这里表示已经发生的动作，所以用现在完成时的被动“data”语态
40.introduced-解析引导的条件状语从句省略了主语和部分谓语，完整形式是“once”“once itis introduced,这里省略用过去分词“itis”,introduced写作训练
1.expert-The agriculturalexperts gatheredaround thenewly-returned space-bred seeds,their eyes（农业专家们聚集在新返回的太空育种种子周围，眼中闪烁着期待的shining withanticipation.光芒）
2.batch-A newbatchofspace-treated seedswas abouttobesown,carrying thehopes ofa better.（一批新的经过太空处理的种子即将被播种，承载着丰收的希望）harvest
3.experimentalfield-The experimentalfield waslike abattlefield,where everyplant fromthe space-bred seeds（试验田就像一个战场，每一株来自太空育种was asoldier fightingfor agriculturalinnovation.种子的植物都是为农业创新而战的战士）
4.zone-The high-tech cultivationzone wasstrictly controlled,ensuring theoptimal growth（高科技种植区受到严格控制，确保变异植物有最佳的生environment for the mutatedplants.长环境）
5.variety-The newvariety ofplants obtainedthrough spacebreeding wasso uniquethat itattracted（通过太空育种获得的新植物品种非常独特，吸引了来自researchers fromall overthe country.全国各地的研究人员）
6.mutation-The geneticmutations foundinthe space-returned seedsopenedupa newchapter inthe.（在从太空返回的种子中发现的基因突变开启了作物育种历史的新篇history ofcrop breeding章）
7.spacebreeding-Space breedingwas considereda revolutionaryapproach,and itspotential wasfar from（太空育种被认为是一种革命性的方法，其潜力远未被充分挖掘）being fullyexplored.
8.radiation-The exposureto cosmicradiation wasthe keyfactor thattriggered geneticchangesinthe（暴露于宇宙辐射是太空育种过程中引发种子基因变化的关键因seeds duringspacebreeding.素）
9.microgravity-The microgravityenvironment inspace stationsprovided aunique conditionforthespace（空间站的微重力环境为太空育种实验提供了独特的条件）breeding experiments.
10.mission-The successof thisspacemissionmeant agreat leapforward foragricultural science,（这次太空任务的成功意味着农业科学，特别是在especially inthe fieldofcropimprovement.作物改良领域，向前迈进了一大步）11thrill-The newsthat thespace-bred plantsshowed excellenttraits thrilledevery memberofthe.（太空育种植物表现出优良特性的消息让研究团队的每个成员者感到兴奋）research teamR12reap-If allwent well,farmers couldreap thebenefitsofthespace-bred cropsinthenext few.（如果一切顺利，农民们在未来几年就能收获太空育种作物带来的好处）years13carry-The specially-designed spacecraftcarried theprecious seedsintospace,like aspaceship.（专门设计的航天器将珍贵的种子带入太空，就像一艘承载着carrying thehopes ofhumanity人类希望的宇宙飞船）14undergo-The seedsunderwentamysterious transformationinthespace environment,which scientists（种子在太空环境中经历了神秘的转变，科学家们渴望了解其中的were eagerto understand.奥秘）15evaluate-It tookmonths forthe scientiststo carefullyevaluate theperformance ofthespace-bred（科学家们花了几个月的时间仔细评估太空育种植物在自然plants inthe naturalenvironment.环境中的表现）16return-When theseedsreturnedtoEarth,they weretreated likeprecious treasuresand senttothe（当种子返回地球时,它们被当作珍贵的宝藏,立即被送往best researchfacilities immediately.最好的研究设施）17multiply-The space-bred plantsmultiplied rapidlyintheexperimental fields,showing strong（太空育种植物在试验田中迅速繁殖，显示出很强的适应性）adaptability.。
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