初中英语时态总结八大时态精讲

初中英语八大时态全套精讲.一般现在时的用法1）经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用1every•,sometimes,at---,on SundayIleave homefor schoolat7every morning.）客观真理，客观存在，科学事实2The earth moves around the sun.Shanghai liesin the east ofChina.）表示格言或警句中3骄者必败Pride goesbefore afall.注意以上三种情况用于宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时例Columbus provedthat the earth isround..）现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性4Ann Wangwrites goodEnglish butdoes notspeak well.比较Now Iput the sugar in the cup.I am doing my homework now.第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作再如:Now第二句中的是进行时的标志，表示正在进行watch me,I switchon thecurrent andstand back.now的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时二.构成及变化、动词的变化1be肯定句主语（）其它如我是一个男孩+be am,is,are+lam aboy.否定句主语++其它如他不是工人be+not He is nota worker.一般疑问句主语+其它如Be+-Are youa student-Yes.I am./No,Im not.特殊疑问句疑问词+一般疑问句如Where ismy bike、行为动词的变化2当主语为第一，二人称及复数时，助动词为do肯定句主语+动词原形（+其它）如We often play basketball after school.否定句主语+动词原形（+其它）如dont+we dont playbasketball after school.一般疑问句主语+动词原形+其它？如Do+Do youoftenplaybasketballafterschool1Yes,we do./No,we dont.特殊疑问句疑问词+以开头的一般疑问句？如当主语do What do youoften doafterschool为第三人称单数时，助动词为does肯定句主语+动词三单式（+其它）如He swimswell.否定句主语+动词原形（+其它）如doesn t+He doesntswim well..一般疑问句主语+动词原形+其它如Does+Does heswim wellYes,he does./No,he doesnt.特殊疑问句疑问词+以开头的一般疑问句？does如How doesyour fathergo towork

1492.一般现在时代替将来时2时间状语从句，条件句中，从句用一般现在时代替将来时When,while,before,after,till,once,as soonas,so longas,by thetime,if,in casethat,unless,even if,whether,the moment,the minute,the day,the year,immediately.他一到北京，就去看他姨妈He is going to visit heraunt theday hearrives in Beijing典型例题1He saidhe mea presentunless Iin doingthe experiment.A.had notgiven;had notsucceeded B.would notgive;succeedC.will notgive;succeed D.would notgive;will succeed.答案在时间，条件或让步主语从句中一般不用将来时本题有故为过去式主句用B.He said,将来时，故选此处用一般过去式代替了过去将来时B.表示现在已安排好的未来事项，行程等活动2博物馆明天点开门实际上每天如此一般现在时代The museumopens atten tomorrow.103替过去时尸书上说“，“报纸上说”等1叩报纸上说明天会彳艮冷的The newsper saysthat itsgoing to be coldtomorrow.叙述往事，使其生动2Napoleons armynow advancesand thegreat battlebegins.一般现在时代替完成时4有些动词用一般现在时代替完成时1hear,tell,learn,write,understand,forget,know,find,say,remember.I hear=have heardhe willgo toLondon.I forget=have forgottenhow oldhe is.2句型n It is…since…”代替It has been…since…”3It is=has beenfive yearssince welast met.一般现在时代替进行时5句型；1Here comes•••There goesLook,here comesMr.Li.现在进行时代替将来时6表示即将发生的或预定中计划好的活动1这周和我们一起度周末吗？Are youstaying with us thisweekend我们马上就走We areleaving soon.渐变动词，如2get,run,grow,become,begin dieoHe is dying.时态一致7如果从句所叙述的为真理或不变的事实，则永远用现在时1At that time,people didnot knowthat theearthmoves.He toldme last week thathe iseighteen.宾语从句中的助动词时态是不变的2ought,need,must,dareHe thoughtthatIneed nottell youthe truth.时态与时间状语8时间状语一般现在时every•••,sometimes,at on Sunday,一般过去时yesterday,last week,an hourago,the otherday,in1982,just now一般将来时时间，next***,tomorrow,in+现在完成时for,since,so far,ever,never,just,yet,till/until,up to now,in pastyears,always,recently过去完成时before,by,until,when,after,once,as soonas过去进行时this morning,the wholemorning,all day,yesterday,from nineto tenlast evening-*-when,while将来进行时soon,tomorrow,this evening,onSunday,by thistime,tomorrow,in twodays,tomorrowevening动词时态巩固练习题

501.There nohospitals inmy hometownfifty yearsago.A.is B.are C.was D.were

2.---Who singsbest inyour class---Jenny.A.do B.did C.does D.has done

3.---the younggirl theold manclean hisroom every day-Yes,shedoes.A.Does;help B.Has;helped C.Did;help D.Do;helps

4.--Can Igo toBeijing for my holiday,Dad--You canwhen youa bitolder.A.will get B.get C.are gettingD.got

5.---What doesLinda oftendo in the evening-She oftenher homework,but on the eveningof March12she TV.A.does;watches B.is doing;watched C.does;watched D.is doing;was watching

6.Ourgeography teachertold usyesterday that theeartharoundthe sun.A.was movingB.moved C.has movedD.moves

7.If heharder,he willcatch upwithussoon.A.study B.studies C.will studyD.studied

8.---Dont forgetto ask him to write tome.---1wont Assoonashe,Ill askhim towrite to you.A.will comeB.came C.comes D.is coming

9.---Do youlike thissilk dress---Yes,I do.It sosoft andcomfortable.A.is feelingB.feels C.has feltD.is felt

10.Oh,its you.Vm sorryI knowyou here.A.dont;are B.didnt;are C.didnt;were D.dont;were

11.Mr LuXun diedin

1936.He alot offamous novels.A.wrote B.was writingC.has writtenD.would write

12.---Your telephonenumber againI quitecatch it.---Its

2567321.A.cant B.couldnt C.dont D.didnt

13.---How wasyour weekendonthefarm---Great!We withthe farmers.A.enjoy ourselvesB.went fishingC.will workD.make friends

14.---What didMr Jonesdo beforehe movedhere---He acity busfor overtwenty-five years.A.is drivingB.drove C.has drivenD.drives

15.Jane anew dressevery monthwhen she was inShanghai.A.buys B.is buyingC.bought D.will buy

16.-Liu Meicant cometonight.—Why But she meshe would come.A.tells B.told C.is toldD.had told

17.He turnedoff thelight andthen.A.leaves B.has leftC.will leaveD.left

18.---Keep quiet,please.They ameeting.---Sorry.A.have B.had C.are havingD.have had

19.---Jimmy is leaving fora holiday.---Really WhereheA.has;gone B.will;go C.did;go D.would;go

20.Frank tosee hisgrandma ifhe freetomorrow.A.will come;will beB.comes;is C.will come;is D.comes;will be

21.There atalk onscience inour schoolnext Monday.A.will giveB.will beC.is going to giveD.is

22.-Shall wego shoppingnow---Sorry,I cantI my shirts.A.wash B.washes C.washed D.am washing

23.Hurry up!Were allwaiting foryou.I fbran importantphone call.Go withoutA.wait B.was waitingC.am waitingD.waitedme.

24.---Did yousee Tomatthe party---No,he bythetimeI gotthere.A.had leftB.was leavingC.leftD.has left

25.---Is thisraincoat yours---No,mine therebehind thedoor.A.has hungB.is hangingC.hung D.will hang

26.---you TVatthemoment---No,you canturn itoff.A.Did;watch B.Are;watching C.Do;watch D.Have;watched

27.1dont thinkJim sawme;hea book at that moment.A.just readB.has justread C.was justreading D.had justread

28.Mr Smithabookabout Chinalast yearbut Idont knowwhether hehasfinished it.A.haswrittenB.wrote C.had writtenD.was writing

29.---1called you at sevenyesterday evening,but therewas noanswer.---Oh,I amsorry.I dinnerat myfriends home.A.am havingB.had C.was havingD.have had

30.—Do youknow MissWang—Yes.I firstmet hertwo yearsago.She ata radioshop atthat time.A.was workingB.has workedC.is workingD.had worked

31.Mr Whitethe newspaper,while hisdaughter TV.A.read;was watchingB.was reading;watched C.was reading;was watchingD.read;watched

32.---1youatthe meeting.Why—I wasill.A.saw B.have seenC.not seeD.didnt see

33.When theteacher camein,the studentsabout thenew film.A.are talkingB.were talkingC.talked D.talks

34.The2004Athens OlympicGames onAugust

13.A.has begunB.lasted C.began D.has lasted

35.Hurry up!The playfor ten minutes.A.has beenon B.has begunC.had begunD.began

36.—May Ispeak toMr Smith―Sorry,he Australia.But hein twodays.A.has been to;will comeback B.has gone to;will be backC.has been in;wouldcomeback D.isleaving for;doesnt comeback

37.1cant go to seethe film tonight,because Imy ticket.A.have lostB.lost C.will loseD.was losing

38.---What doyou thinkof the film HarryPotter---It isvery nice.I ittwice.A.will seeB.have seenC.saw D.see

39.We to learn Englishfive yearsago.We itfor fiveyears up tonow.A.began;learned B.begin;have learnedC.have begun;had learnedD.began;have learned

40.---What a nice bike!How longyou it---Just twoweeks.A.have;bought B.did;buy C.have;had D.are;having

41.You donthave todescribe her.Iherseveral times.A.had metB.have metC.met D.meet

42.---Im sorryto havekept youwaiting.---Oh,not atall.I hereonly afewminutes.A.have comeB.had beenC.was D.have been

43.---my dictionaryanywhere---Yes.I sawit onyour deska momentago.A.Have youseen B.Do yousee C.Had youseen D.Would yousee

44.---1haven9t heardfrom LiJun fora longtime,---Whatdoyou thinkto himA.was happeningB.to happenC.has happenedD.had happened

45.---Do youknow ourtown atall--No,this isthefirsttimeIhere.A.was B.have beenC.came D.am coming

46.We wereall surprisedwhen hemade itclear thatheoffice soon.A.leaves B.would leaveC.will leaveD.had left

47.---How longyour fatherthe Party---For morethan twentyyears.A.has;joined B.did;join C.has;been inD.does;join

48.Mrs Smithher keysin theofficesoshehadto waituntil herhusbandhome.A.has left;comes B.left;had comeC.had left;wouldcomeD.had left;came

49.Do youknow Bettyvery wellYes,she andI friendssince wemet inGuangzhoulast summer.A.have made B.have becomeC.have beenD.have turned

69568442.A.didn*tB.couldn*tC.dont D.cant答案本句虽没有明确的时间状语，但从语意上看出，在听的时候没有听懂这个动作发生在过A.去，因此应用过去时

二、构成及变化动词在一般过去时中的变化

1.Be和在一般过去时中变为二am iswaso wasnot wasnt在一般过去时中变为are werewere not=weren t带有或的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和一样，即否定句在或后加was wereis,am,are was were一般疑问句把或调到句首not,was were.行为动词在一般过去时中的变化2肯定句主语+动词的过去式.I watcheda film last Sunday.否定句主语+didn t+动词原形.Ididn t watch a filmlast Sunday.一般疑问句Did+主语+动词原形？Didyou watchafilmlastSundayYes,I did・No,I didnt.特殊疑问句疑问词+以did开头的一般疑问句？Whatdid youdo lastSunday、现在进行时3

一、意义一一当表示现在正在进行的动作或正在发生的事时间标志------now,句前的look,listen

二、构成:（）动词现在分词形式be am,is,are+-ing肯定句主语现在分词（+其他）+be+V-ing1mdoing my homework now.否定句主语动词其他.「+be+not+-ing+m notdoingmyhomeworknow.一般疑问句主语+动词其他Be+-ing+Are you doing yourhome worknowYes,I am.No,rmnot.特殊疑问句特殊疑问词主语+动词其他+be+-ing+What areyou doingnow

三、现在分词的构成（）一般在动词末尾直接加1ing,（）以不发音字母结尾的动词，先去掉再加2ee,ing,如skate fskating makemaking dancef dancingwrite fwriting havef havingridef ridingcome fcoming⑶以重读闭音节结尾的动词，中间只有一个元音字母，词尾只有一个辅音字母，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再力口如ing,putting runningbeginning stoppingswimming shoppingjogging sittinggettingforgetting letting

四、现在进行时的基本用法表示现在（指说话人说话时）正在发生的事情a.We arewaiting foryou.习惯进行表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行b.（说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态）Mr.Green iswriting anothernovel.She islearning pianounder Mr.Smith.表示渐变的动词有c.get,grow,become,turn,run,go,beginThe leavesare turningred.Its gettingwarmer andwarmer.等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话d.always,constantly,forever人的主观色彩You arealways changingyour mind.不用进行时的动词9）事实状态的动词1have,belong,possess,cost,owe,exist,include,contain,matter,weigh,measure,continueI havetwo brothers.This housebelongs tomy sister.）心理状态的动词2Know,realize,think see,believe,suppose,imagine,agree,recognize,remember,want,need,forget,prefer,mean,understand,love,hateI needyour help.He lovesher verymuch.）瞬间动词:3accept,receive,complete,finish,give,allow,decide,refuse.I acceptyour advice.系动词:4seem,remain,lie,see,hear,smell,feel,taste,get,become,turn Youseem alittle tired.过去进行时4概念过去进行时主要表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，或表示过去某一阶段一直在进行1的动作过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发2生常用的时间状语3this morning,the wholemorning,all dayyesterday,from nineto tenlast evening,when,while Mybrotherfell whilehe wasriding hisbicycle andhurt himself.It wasraining whenthey leftthe station.典型例题When Igot tothe topofthemountain,thesunwas shining.1Mary adress whenshe cuther finger.A.madeB.is makingC.was makingD.makes答案割伤手指是已发生的事情，应用过去时同时，表时间的同时性，”玛丽在做衣C.when服时”提供事情发生的背景，因此用过去进行时2As shethe newspaper,Granny asleep.read；was fallingB.was reading；fell C.was reading；was fallingD.read；fell答案B.句中的as=意为”当……之时”描述一件事发生的背景时，用过去进行;一个长动作发生的when,while,时候，另一个短动作发生句意为”在她看报纸时，奶奶睡着了”句中的的过去时，fell fall是系动词，后跟形容词,如

一、过去进行时结构+动词的现在分词fall sickowas/were否定句则在后加一个疑问句将提前则可was/were not,was/were如He wasreading abook at5:00pm yesterday.fHe wasnot reading abook at5:00yesterday.—Was hereadingabookat5:00yesterday Yes,he was./No,he wasnt.fWhat washe doingat5:00yesterday

二、过去进行时用法过去进行时主要表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作，常和表示过去的状语连用如

1.just then那时，当时在这/那时昨天下午at this/thattime yesterday afternoon在九点昨晚在昨天这个时候at ninelast nightat thistime yesterday但在不少情况下，没有表示时间的状语,这时需要通过上下文来表示

①What wereyou doingat ninelast night昨晚九点的时候，你在做什么？

②I waswatching TVat homeyesterday afternoon.我昨天下午正在家里看电视

③They wereplaying footballat thistimeyesterday.昨天这个时候他们在踢足球.过去进行时也可以表示过去某一段时间内正在进行的动作常与2those days,the wholemorning,等时间状语连用from8:00to12:00last night⑴From1983to1998,hewasteaching atYale.从1983至U1998年，他正在耶鲁大学教书2They去年冬天他们正在造一座桥were buildinga bridgelast winter.那几天他正在写一本书3He waswriting abook thosedays,•过去进行时与频度副词等连用时表示过去经常反复的动3always forever,continually,constantly作，常常带有埋怨、讨厌、赞扬或喜爱等情绪表示埋怨lMy sisterwas alwaysforgetting things.表示赞扬2He was always helpingothers.过去进行时表示过去将要发生的动作

4.现在进行时可以表示将来的动作，同样，过去进行时也可以表示从过去某时看来将要发生的动作，常用在间接引语中

①Lucy arrivedinBeijinglast Friday.Butshe was leavingfor HongKong thenext morning.上周五到达北京，但第二天早晨就要动身去香港了Lucy

②She askedhim ifhewascoming backfor lunch.她问他午饭是否准备回来吃•过去进行时和一般过去时的区别5过去进行时表示|过去某时正在进行的动作|,而一般过去时则表示一个就的动作|也就是1说用一般过去时，只表示有过这件事；用过去进行时，则强调动作的连续性

①I wrotea letter this morning.今天上午我写了一封信信写完了今天上午我在写一封信信不一定写完I waswriting aletterthis morning.

②The childrenwatched TV yesterday evening.昨天晚上孩子们看了电视强调过去发生了这件事昨晚孩子们都在看电视强调昨晚看电视这一The childrenwere watchingTVyesterdayevening.动作的持续性⑵表示过去的状态、感觉及心理活动的静态动词如be,like,love,hate,fear,own,hear,see,know,可用于一般过去时，但通常不用于进行时如want,notice我讨厌人们说话时口里含着食物I hatedit whena manspoke withhis mouthfull offood.⑶一般过去时与等连用，表示“过去经常性、习惯性的always,constantly,forever,continually动作”；而过去进行时与等连用，表示动作的重复，常带always,constantly,forever,continually有感****彩如•他过去总是六点起床He alwaysgot upat six.他总是一心想到工作He wasalways thinkingof hiswork,下面几种情况不用一般过去时而要用过去进行时6表示过去某一阶段暂时性的习惯动作时如

1.汤姆那一周里每天都是六点钟起床Tom wasgetting upat sixo clockeverydaythat week.与连用表示赞美，厌烦等感情色彩时如

2.always约翰上学总是迟到John wasalways comingto schoollate.雷锋总是为人民做好事Lei Fengwasalwaysdoing gooddeeds forthe people.用来描写故事发生的情景时如

3.那是一个漆黑It wasa darknight.The windwas blowinghard andthe rainwas fallingheavily的夜晚，风刮得很厉害，雨下得很大⑷when作并列连词，表示“这时突然”之意时，第一个并列分句用过去进行时，when引导的并列分句用一般过去时如我正在散步，突然遇见了他I wastaking awalk whenI methim.我们正在外边玩，这时下起雨来了We wereplaying outsidewhen itbegan torain.等动词可用过去进行时表示过去将来的含义如5go,come,leave,start,arrive那天我正要去武汉I wasleavingforWuhan thatday.她随后就来She wascoming later..过去进行时表示婉转语气只限于等动词，用以提出请求如8want,hope,wonderI waswondering ifyou couldhelp me.Iwashoping youcould sendme home.过去进行时巩固练习:

1.Simonmake amodel plane8:00a.m.

2.Peterdo hishomework sevenlast night.

3.Theywatch afootball matchfrom7:00to9:00lastnight.

4.Hetry todraw aplane onthe blackboard!atthattime.

5..What bookyouread|when|Iseeyou atfour yesterdayafternoon

6.[While|shewatch TV,her sonplayoutside the room.

7.Itbegin torain7hilej weworkinthefield.意为熄灭}

8.Ido myhomework lastnight|when|the lightgo out.{go out

9.1saw youinthereading roomyesterday,Tom.|What wereyoudoing-----Oh,Iread somebooks onscience.

10.Girlsdance|while|boyssing attheparty.

11.—Did yousee Timjust now—Yes.Hefish bythe river.一般将来时

12.|When|the teachercomeinto theclassroom,the studentslaugh loudly.5

1.+will/shall+下周我将给他写信I willshallwrite tohim next week..否定句主语动词原形+其它成份2+will/shall+not+今天晚上他们不看电视They wontwatchTV this evening..一般疑问句主语+动词原形+其它成份3will/shall+明天你和我们呆在家里好吗？Will youstay athome withus tomorrow.特殊疑问句特殊疑问词（）一般疑问句4Wh-+你爸爸什么时侯回来？When willyourfatherbeback

1.be goingto willHeisgoingtowrite alettertonight.He willwriteabook oneday.表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情，表示客观上将来势必发生的事情

2.be goingto willHe isseriouslyill.Heisgoingtodie.He willbe twentyyears old.含有“计划，准备”的意思，而则没有这个意思，如

3.be goingto willSheisgoingto lendus herbook.He willbe herein halfan hour.和6be tobe goingto表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事be to表示主观的打算或计划be goingto（客观安排）I amto playfootball tomorrow afternoon.（主观安排）Im goingto playfootball tomon*owafternoon.一般现在时表将来.7）下列动词的一般现在时表将来这主要用来表示1come,go,arrive,leave,start,begin,return在时间上已确定或安排好的事情The trainleaves atsix tomorrowmorning.When doesthe busstar Itstars intenminutes.）倒装句，表示动作正在进行，如2Here comesthe bus.=The busis coming.There goesthe bell.=The bellis ringing.）在时间或条件句中3（彳、是）When Billcomes willcome,askhimto waitfor me.Ill writetoyouas soonas Iarrive there.）在动词等后4hope,take carethat,make surethatI hopethey haveanicetime nextweek.Make surethatthewindows areclosed beforeyou leavetheroom.用现在进行时表示将来.8意为“意图、“打算”、“安排”、常用于人常用词为等come,go,start,arrive,leave,stayPm leavingtomorrow.Are youstaying heretill nextweek.过去将来时

6.概念立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中

1.时间状吾（）（）2i thenextdaymorning,year..,the followingmonth week...,etc.；.基本结构3was/were/goingto+do would/should+do.■否定形式:4was/were/not+goingto+do;would/should+not+do..一般疑问句或放于句首；提到句首5was werewould/should.例句6He saidhe wouldgotoBeijing the⑴过去将来时由“助动词动词原形”构成常缩略为would+would d⑵过去将来时的用法过去将来时表示过去的某一时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态过去将来时常用在宾语从句中如:I didnt know if she wouldcome Iwasnt surewhether hewould doitWang Leisaidthatshe wouldvisit heruncle nextSaturdayo过去将来时也可以用（）+动词原形”来表示如“wasweregoing toIdidntknowifshewas goingto comeWang Leisaidthatshewasgoingtovisither unclenext Saterdayo现在完成时7用法1表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果标志词already,yet,just,ever,never,before用法2表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态标志词for,since,since，・・ago基本结构助动词动词的过去分词have/has+（当主语是第三人称单数时用其余人称用）has,have）肯定式主语过去分词1+have/has+）否定式主语过去分词2+have/has+not+）一般疑问句主语+过去分词3Have/Has+主语（肯定）主语（否定）Yes,+have/has.No,+havent/hasnt）特殊疑问句特殊疑问词主语+过去分词4+have/has+例句过去某时发生的动作到目前为止这个动作已经完成或刚刚完成

1.如）我做完家庭作业了（过去某时开始做，到现在已完成）11have Enishedmyhomework.2）He hasalready come他已经来了（过去某时开始离开某地到这来，现在已在这）表示动作发生在过去并延续到现在

7.如）我已经学了六年英语了11have studiedEnglish forsix years.（六年前开始学英语，一直学到现在，也可能继续学也可能就此不学了））我从年就在沈阳住21have livedin Shenyangsince

1990.1990（从年开始住在沈阳一直住到现在，也可能继续住也可能就此为止）1990注意）当表示一段时间，现在完成时可以用或引导的状语1for since例如我认识丽丽已经年了I veknown LiLi for4years.4自从年前我就在这工作I haveworked heresince8yearsago.8注意）当在肯定陈述句中含有或时，在转换成否定句时，要把句中的或2already justalready just去掉，在句末加上yet.例如I havealready seenthefilm.--------I havent seenthefilmyet.He hasjust come.He hasnt comeyet使用时注意事项形式上是一种完成时，但和为同一意思“有”

1.have/has gothave/has如:你有笔友吗？是的，我有Have yougot pen-friends Yes,I have.他有许多工作要做吗不,他没有Has hegot alot ofwork todo No,he hasnt.、和的区另!

2.have/has gone to have/has beento have/has beenin J去了，在去某地的路上或在某地，人还未回来have/has goneto曾经去过，人已经回来了have/hasbeento已经在，常与一段时间连用have/hasbeenin如他以前曾去过沈阳He hasbeentoShenyang before..他在沈阳年了He hasbeeninShenyang forten years10他去沈阳了吗？Has hegonetoShenyang常和连用;则不可

3.have/hasbeento once,twice,never,ever have/has goneto例如:一汤姆去过巴黎吗？Has TomeverbeentoParis一是的，他去过好几次了Yes,hesbeen thereseveral times.他们去哪里了？—Where havethey gone.他们去沈阳了—They vegonetoShenyang非延续性动词不能用“现在完成时+表示一段时间的状语”的句型中

4.这类动词有等但它们能够用表示come,go,start,leave,die,buy,finishjoin,borrow,stop持续状态的相应的延续性动词替换句中的非延续性性动词例如arrive,come f be here,be inbuy fhave begin,start f be on;die fbe deadfinish,end—be overgoout—be outjoin—be inborrow—keep finish/end fbe overclosefbeclosed leave,move fbe away;fall asleepfbeasleep比较过去时与现在完成时101）过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响）过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状2语一般过去时的时间状语具体的时间状语yesterday,lastweek,---ago,inl980,in October,just now,共同的时间状语现在完成时的时间状语thismorning,tonight,this April,now,once,before,already,recently,latelyfor,since,so far,ever,never,just,yet,till/until,uptonow,in pastyears,always,不确定的时间状语）现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的，如3live,teach,learn,work,study,know.过去时常用的非持续性动词有等举例come,go,leave,start,die,finish,become,get married（强调看的动作发生过了）I sawthis filmyesterday.（强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了）I haveseen thisfilm.。