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被动语态
一、概念语态是动词的一种形式，它表示主语和谓语的关系语态有两种主动语态和被动语态如果主语是动作的执行者，或者是说动作是由主语完成的，要用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者，或者是说动作不是由主语而是由其他人完成的，则用被动语态
二、主动句变为被动句的步骤,把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语.把动词变为被动形式即过去分词，并注意其人称和数12be+随主语的变化，而动词的时态则保持不变•原主动句的主语如需要则放在后面以它的宾格形式出现（注代词的宾格），如不需要则可省略3by.其它的成分（定语、状语）不变4
三、被动语态的用法一般现在时的被动语态构成及物动词的过去分词
1.is/am/are+We cleanour classroomevery day.My motherasks meto studyhard.一般过去时的被动语态构成及物动词的过去分词
2.was/were+A newshop wasbuilt lastyear.现在完成时的被动语态构成及物动词的过去分词
3.has/have+been+This bookhas beentranslated intomany languages.Many man-made satelliteshave beensent upinto spaceby manycountries.一般将来时的被动语态构成及物动词的过去分词
4.will+be+A newhospital will be builtin ourcity.Many moretrees will be plantednext year.含有情态动词的被动语态构成情态动词+及物动词的过去分词
5.be+Young treesmust bewatered often.Your mistakesshould becorrected rightnow.The doormay belocked inside.Your homeworkcan behanded intomorrow.现在进行时的被动语态构成及物动词的过去分词
6.am/is/are+being+不定式的被动语态及物动词的过去分词
7.to+be+There aretwo booksto beread.There aretwenty moretrees tobe planted.感官动词或使役动词使用省略的动词
8.to不定式，主动语态中不带，但变为被动t语态时，须力口上例to makesomebody do something—somebody+be+made todo somethingo一see somebodydosomethingsomebody+be+seen todo somethingAgirl sawmy walletdrop whenshe passedby.—My walletwas seento dropby agirl whenshe passedby.一The bossmade the little boydo heavywork.The littleboy wasmade todo heavywork by the boss.如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时，可以使用直接宾语也可以使用间接宾语作被动语态句子的主语使
9.用直接宾语（物）作主语时，要在动词后加上介词，这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定He gaveme abook.—A bookwas givento me by him.He showedme aticket.一A ticketwas shownto meby him.My fatherbought me a newbike.一A newbike wasbought fbrmeby my father.一些动词短语用于被动语态时，动词短语应当看作一个整体，而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词
5.We cantlaugh athim.—He cantbe laughedat byus.He listensto theradio every day.—The radiois listened to byhim every day.一不用被动语态的情况The nurseis takingcare ofthe sickman.The sickman is being takencare ofbythenurse.）不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态（即多数的瞬间动词）1（死亡）,（消失）（结束）,appear,die disappear,end vi.fail,happen,last,lie,remain,sit,spread,stand breakout,come true,fall asleep,keep silence,lose heart,take place.如After thefire,very littleremained ofmy house.比较是不及物动词；是及物动词rise,fall,happen raise,seat（错）The pricehas beenrisen.（对）The pricehas risen.（错）The accidentwas happened last week.（对）The accidenthappenedlastweek.（错）The pricehas raised.（对）The pricehas beenraised.（错）Please seat.（对）Please beseated.要想正确地使用被动语态，就须注意哪些动词是及物的，哪些是不及物的特别是一词多义的动词往往有两种用法解决这一问题唯有在学习过程中多留意积累）不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语2fit,have,hold,marry,own,wish,cost,notice,watch,agree with,arrive如at/in,shake handswith,succeed in,suffer from,happen to,take partin,walk into,belong toThis keyjust fitsthe lock.被动语态练习
一、选择题（）
1.a newlibrary in our schoollast yearA.Is;built B.Was;bulit C.Does;build D.Did;build（）
2.An accidenton thisroad lastweek.（）A.has beenhappened B.was happenedC.is happenedD.happened
3.Cotton in the southeastof China.A.is grownB.are grownC.grows D.grow（）
4.So far,the moonby manalready.A.is visitedB.will bevisited C.has beenvisited D.was visited（）
5.A talkon Chinesehistory in the schoolhall next week.A.is givenB.has beengiven C.will begiven D.gives（）
6.How manytrees thisyear（）A.are plantedB.will plantC.have beenplanted D.planted
7.A lotof thingsby peopleto savethelittlegirlnow.A.arc doingB.arc beingdone C.has beendone D.willbedone（）
8.Neither ofthem inChina.A.is madeB.are madeC.were madeD.made（）
9.Look!A nicepicture forour teacher.（）A.is drawingB.isbeingdrawn C.has beendrawn D.draws
10.Your shoes.You needa newpair.A.wear outB.worn outC.are wornout D.is worn
11.The doctorfor yet.A.isnt sentB.hasnt beensent C.wont besent D.wasn*t sent
12.—When thiskind ofcomputers-Last year.A.did;use B.was;used C.is;used D.are;used
13.The GreatWall allover theworld.A.knows B.knew C.is knownD.was known
14.1in summer.A.bom B.was bomC.have beenbom D.am bom
15.He saysthat MrZhang to the factorynextweek.A.is sentB.would sendC.was sentD.willbesent
16.Who this book A.did;written B.was;written byC.did;written D.was;written
17.Mary showme hernewdictionary.A.has askedto B.was askedto C.is askedD.asks to
18.A storyby Grannyyesterday.A.was told us B.was toldto usC.is toldus D.toldus
19.The monkeywas seenoff thetree.A.jump B.jumps C.jumped D.to jump
20.The schoolbag_____behind thechair.A.puts B.can beput C.can beputted D.can put
21.Older peoplewell.A.looks afterB.must belooked afterC.must lookafter D.looked after
22.Our teachercarefully.
二、将下列句子变为被动语态，每空一A.should be listenedtoB.should belisten C.belistenedD.is listened词
1.We canfinish thework in two days.The work_________________________intwodays.
2.They producesilk inSuzhou.Silk inSuzhou.
3.The childrenwill singan Englishsong.An Englishsong bythe children.
4.You neednftdo itnow.It byyou now.
5.Lucy sentmeaNew Year Card lastweek.A NewYearCard_________________her byme lastweek.
6.People usemetal formaking machines.Metal formaking machines.
7.He mademe dothat forhim.T____________________that fbrhim.
7.1have giventhisbookto the library.This booktothelibrary.
9.Did theybuild abridge herea yearago abridge hereby thema yearago
10.We*!!put onan Englishplay inour school.An Englishplay oninourschool.1l.More andmore farmersbuy colorTV sets.Color TVsets____________________more andmore farmers.
12.My brotheroften mendshis watch.His watch____________________bymybrother.
13.We mustwater theflowers every day.The flowersmustby useveryday.
14.They useknives fbrcutting things.Knives fbrcutting things.
15.He madethe farmerswork fbra long time.The farmers___________________________for alongtime.
16.Did hebreak the window yesterdaythewindowyesterday
17.They havesold outthe lightgreen dresses.The lightgreen dressesout.
18.We cleanthe classroomeveryday.The classroomeveryday.
19.You must not planttrees in very dry earth.Trees____________________________inverydryearth.
20.You candig ahole inthe earth.A Holeintheearth.
三、用动词的正确语态填空
1.The studentsoften tellto takecare oftheir desksand chairs.
2.That playput onagain sometimenext month.
3.The oldman isill.He mustsend tothe hospital.
4.Vegetables,eggs andfruits sellin thisshop.
5.What aknife make of Itmakeofmetal andwood.
6.A Pianoconcert givehere lastFriday.
7.the magazinecan takeout ofthelibrary
8.The roomclean byme everyday.
9.The starscan seeinthedaytime.
10.Some flowerswater byLi Mingalready.
11.These kindsof machinesmake inJapan.
12.Applesgrow inthis farm.
13.Russianleamas thesecond languageby somestudents inChina.
14.Planes,cars andtrainsuse bybusiness peoplefor travelling.
15.The cinemabuildin
1985.
16.The bike________________________________mustnotput here.
17.A beautifulhorsedraw byJohn nextday.
18.This kindof machinecanmade byuncle Wang.
19.Mr.Greenopen twonew school.
20.The PLAfoundon August1st,
1927.。
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