苏教版初二英语上册短语知识点

初二英语上册短语知识点

1、如有always,often,usually,sometimes,seldom,never,oncea....,eve;ry...用一般现在时，第

一、二人称复数后跟动词原形，第三人称单数后跟动词加‘s/es

2、如有now,look!,listen,at themoment.用现在进行时，结构是be・・・am,is,are+v-ing

3、如有tomorrow,the dayafter tomorrow,from nowon,in+——段时间，some day,next..用一般将来时，结构will+v原/be goingto+v・・原没有动词用be

二、

6.主+短语动词+宾语，宾作主，短变被，其余不变，by原主

7.带有be goingto,be aboutto,be to,have to,used to,be supposedto,be sureto等要将to后来动词变以被动

8.被动语态的每种时态a pieceof advice一条建议follow/take onesadvice采用别人的建议sendsth to sb=send sbsth寄给某人send for派人去请/取send up发射all thetime——直enjoy oneself=have a good time=have agreat time=have fun玩得愉快lotsof=alotof=many可数/much不可数许多sb spendsome timeon sth某人花费时间做某事sb spendsome timein doing sth某人花费时间做某事sb spendsome moneyon sth某人花费钱买某物sb spendsome moneyin buyingsth某人花费钱买某物sth costsb some money某物花去某人钱sb paysomemoneyfor sth某人支付钱It takestook sbsome timeto do sth做某事花去某人时间ask for请求；要求ask sbfor sth向某人要某物ask sb to do sth要求某人做某事a pieceof一块enjoy doing sth喜欢做某事finish,practise,mind,miss,consider,keep,continue这些词语后跟动名词形式v+ingplace sthin…=put sthin…把某物放在…里面else常修饰不定代词，关系代词或副词，也可修饰all,much,little等，else要位于其后所有格为elseselse修饰不定代词时放后something,everything,anything,nothing,somebody,anybody,nobody,who,what,when,wheretake adeep breath深呼吸catch\hold onesbreath屏住呼吸outofbreath上气不接下气wish sb to do sth希望某人做某事the number of…的数目，后跟名词复数，动词用三单a numberof二many大量，许多后跟名词复数，动词用复数形式a largenumberof；a smallnumber ofinvite sb to do sth邀请某人做某事find it+adj todo sth发现做某事怎么样try todo sth尽力做事try doingsth.尝试做某事try nottodo sth尽力不做某事try onesbest尽某人最大的努力a groupof一组；一群borrow sthfrom sb,从某人处借入某物lend sthto sb=lend sbsth借给某人某物keep atime借一段时间practice doingsth练习做做某事come from=be from来自look for寻找look after=care for=take careof照顾look up向上看；查阅look like看起来像look at看着look onsb as把某人看作look forwardto doingsth盼望；期待做某事look over检查；翻阅look out当心；向外看look through仔细查看be readyfor=get readyfor=prepare for为…be ready准备好be getready todo sth准备做某事；乐意做某事trans late…into…将，••译成•一take amessage捎个信leave amessage留个信be goodfor对…有好处be goodat=do wellin擅长于…be poorat=be badat=do badlyin=be weakin不擅长…think of想起thinkabout想出think over仔细考虑四说1speak说语言2say说内容3talk与谁说4tell告诉；讲述四看1watch观看电视、比赛和表演2see看人、电影、医生、风景3read看书、报4look就看看场电影要用see,读书看报用read,电视、戏剧、比赛，凡是表演用watchobserve细心观察，一时注意用noticenake+宾语+补足语adj使某人某物怎么样make+宾语+do让某人做某事make+宾语+过去分词使某人被怎么样make friendswith sb与某人交朋友hearof听说hear from收到某人的来信be badfor对…有害it is+adj ofsb todo sth某人做某事怎么样It is+adj for sbtodo sthwriteto…给…写信next to在…旁边do someconcerts力、音乐会speak to sb和某人讲话say helloto sb给某人问好say byeto sb向某人说再见show sbaround somewhere带某人参观某地learn sthfrom sb向某人学习choose thecorrect answers选择正确答案correct themistakes改错match…with…把…和…搭配起来提建议1why dontyou do sth=why not do sth2How aboutdoingsth=what aboutdoingsth3You should/can do sth4can youdosth5Lets dosth6Itsa goodidea todo7would youlike todo8Shall wedo9Youd betternotdosth回答That\agoodidea/Thanks alot/Great/OK/thafs right/All right/Good idea/Sure现在完成时1表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常与recently,ever,never,already,yet,just,before,still连用2表示发生在过去并且一直持续到现在的动作或状态，常与for+时间段或since+时间点连用结构have has+过去分词egget into=enter进入whatf sthe priceof…=how muchis…问价格dreamabout梦至U aroundthe world=all overthe world全世界dream of梦见take off脱下；起飞land on/in/at着陆stay with sb与某人在一起stay at home呆在家里stay inbed呆在床上takea seat=have aseat请坐work outa problem解决——个问题fly to=go to...by plane（by air）坐飞机all overChina全中国drive to=go to…by car开车walk to=go to…on foot步行去at theend在结束时at theend of在…尽头/结尾sell out卖光have beento去过（现在不在那儿have goneto去了（现在不在说话地）everyday English日常英语before long不久first price一等奖The mostexcitingexperience最激动人心的经历before long不久long before=soon=a littlelater很久以前no problem没问题have aproblem indoingsth做某事有困难come ture实现invitesbtodosth,邀请某人做某事one day某一天（过去或将来）invitesb tosome place邀请某人去某地some day某一天（将来）连系动词一是be（am,is,are,was,were）；一感觉feel；一保持keep；三变become,get,turn；四起来taste,smell,look,sound后跟形容词作表语不定代词somebody、some one某人anybody、anyone任何人nobody、noone没人everyone,everybody每个人something某物anything任何物nothing没事everything一切事物，修饰他们的形容词放后different kindsof=all kindsof不同种类的；各种各样的by theend of到…末为止；不迟于give aconcert=give concerts举办音乐会in theend=finally最后；终于take aphoto=take photos照相cook sthfor sb=cook sbsth为某人做饭（buy,make的用法类似）such+a/an+adj+单数名词=so+adj+a/an+单数名词（名前such,形副so,多多少少也用so,little属特殊，小”用such,少用so）交通工具的乘坐take the/a+交通工具（to+地点）=go…by+交通工具=go...on/in+a（the）+交通工具（小汽车只能用in,自行车只能用on,其余的都可用in和on）；walk tosome where=go to...on footfly to somewhere.=go....by planeridetosomewhere=go...by bikedrive tosomewhere=go toby carakindof一种be kindto sb对某人友善since then从那时起take off脱下reckon=consider=regard=think考虑；认为be reckoned（to be）被以为reckon....as...相当于regard...as...把当成in thephoto,在照片里travel abroad,到国外旅行go abroad,出国be abroad,在国外sell out卖光sell to卖给某人sell well卖得好四个也also表肯定意义,be后行前too表肯定意义，用于句末either表示否定意义，用于句末as well表肯定意义，用于句末go tosleep去睡觉the priceof sth某物的价格（形容价格用high,low）sell sthatahigh/low price以高/低价出have awonderful time玩得高兴would liketodosth=want todosth想要做某事would likesbtodosth=wat sbtodosth想要某人做某事already早已，用于完成时的肯定;yet用于完成时的否定和疑问;just用于完成时just now=a momentago用于过去时arrive at（小地方）/in（大地方）二reach二get to到达bring从外往里拿；take，从里往外拿；carry无方向；fetch往返拿morethan=over多于less than少于alone,个体单独，独自lonely孤独、寂寞；也表示荒凉most of....的大多数a visit to对…的参观on a visit to…参观…for avisit参观pay avisitto拜访as…as…和------样not as/so…as…不如so••,that如此…以致于…如果that后是否定，就可以用too…to转换，如果是肯定就用adj+enough forsbtodo sthbe famous for因••面著名befamousas以••而著名・・prefer doingsthtodoingsth=like doingsth betterthan doingsth更喜欢做某事prefer to更喜欢…space station在太空站prefer todosthrather thandosth宁愿做某事而不愿做某事return fromavisitto从…访问返回be namedafter以…的名字命名be proudof以…自豪be up to sb由某人决定upto从事于、忙于show sthto sb=showsb sth把某物给某人看on business出差在...的上面1over在某物上面、正上方，中间有段空间，反义为under2on在某物上面，贴着物表，反义beneath3above在某物上方，高出，反义belowin thesky=in theair在天空中by air=by plane坐飞机in thelast threeyears在过去三年里，用于现在完成时none用于三个及三个以上的全否定，反义为allneither两个都不，反义为boththe lastestnews最新消息share sthwithsb与某人分享某物get on/along withsb与某人相处get onwell withsb与某人相处融洽hearabout；hear of听说in fact实际上the HopeSchools希望学校lookafter=take careof=care for照顾drop outof school缀学take partin参加pay for支付how long多长时间how soon多久get onbadlywith，与...相处不好hear from sb,收到某人的信，电子邮件等on thefarm在农场上in thelast+一段时间、in thpast+一段时间、in therecent+一段时间这三个用于现在完成时because of因为......sell sthto sb=sell sbsth把某物卖给某人buy sthfromsb从某人买到某物buy sthforsb给某人买东西get aneducation接受教育take partin=join参力口in good/bad health身体健康/不健康care about关心，在乎take care当心how often隔多久一次stop doingsth停止做某事stop todosth.停下来去做某事dress/undressr+人put on/wear/take off+衣物drop out退出drop in顺便来访drop outof school退学point at指着point to指向put onones clothes穿上衣服athomeand abroad在国内夕卜with thehelp ofsb=wiht sbshelp在某人的帮助下without thehelp ofsb无人帮助某人非延续性动词变为延续动词buy--get/have open--be openjoin--be inborrow-keep die--be deadleave--be awaycome herebe herego there-一be therebegin--be onfinish-一be overmake friends一一be friendsget ready一一be readyarrive/getto/reach/come--be in/be at/stay puton--have on/wear getup-一be up可延续性动词不可以与for或since连用，非延续性动词的否定式可以和for/since连用.other其他的，另外的，别的another另一个人或事物the other两个中的另一个the others其余的，剩下的人或事物others其他的，另外的，别的人或物on earth究竟、到底，可用在when,what,who,where,how,which,why等之后，相当于in theworld,用在否定句中相当于not…at al1a fanofsb某人的迷give aconcert=give concerts举行音乐会sb atthe ageof=when sbwas…years old某人在某岁的时候not only-but also…不仅…而且（就近原则）classical music古典音乐belong to属于sth belongtosb物属于人across从一定范围内的一边到另一边，在表面进行；through从中间通过或穿过，在里面进行;ver上方通过，不接触表面；take sbaround带某人四处走go throughIm（not）sure.我（不）确定makesb+adj使某人怎么样make sbdosth使某人做某事a pieceof music一首乐曲hear of听说in additionto除•以外go on・・with sth继续做某事be born出生go ondoingsth继续做某事die of患…而死，常接hunger,cold,illness,cancer内部原因die from由于，••而死，常接a wound,an accident,carelessness夕卜部原因learn todosth学做某事learn fromsb向某人学习Learn…by heart熟记learn one1s lessonfrom…从…中吸取教训反意疑问句1先断定，判断是否定或肯定，如有not,never,few,little,hardly,no,nobody,seldom,nothing等词，则是否定，后面该用肯定2后找动，观察前面的动词，若含有或情态动词直接用，若为实义动词原形,用do,三单用does,过去式用did,had better用hado3换代，主语定代词，三单用he,she,it,复数用they wesomebody nobodyo类似的用they,和thing一起的用4肯定祈使句，反问句部分可用will you/wont you否定祈使句，用will you5Let s••用shall welet us••用will you・・・6在think,believe,suppose+从句结构中，疑问句部分与从句保持一致，同时主句的否定转移到从句中，但第

二、三人称与主句保持一致egI dontthink you have done it,have youHedoesnt thinkyouhavedoneit,does he即当主句人称是一，从句是二时，看二；当主句是三时，就看三7回答只针对事实作答;Yes+肯定,No+否定give sbsth=give sthtosb给某人某物give away to对让步give up・・・doingsth放弃give out分发give in投降on theearth在地球上both…and…既…又…（就近原贝I）。