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英语从属连词用法分类详解
1.引导时间状语从句的从属连词1表示“当…时候”或“每当”的时间连词主要的when,while,as,whenever:He jumpedup whenthe phonerang.铃响时他吓了一跳We listenedwhile theteacher read.老师朗读时我们听着The phonerang justas Iwas leaving.我正要离开,铃就响了起来2表示“在…之前或之后”的时间连词主要的有before,after:Turn thelights offbefore youleave.离开前请关灯He startedthe jobsoon afterhe leftthe university.他大学毕业后就开始做这份工作3表示“自从”或“直到”的时间连词主要的有since,until,till:He haslived heresince hegot married.他结婚后就一直住在这儿Most menworked until[till]they re
65.大多数男人工作到65岁4表示一…就的时间连词主要的有as soonas,the moment,theminute,the second,the instant,immediately,directly,instantly,once,no sooner•••than,hardly…when等Tell him the newsas soonas yousee him.你一见到他就把这消息告诉他I recognizedher themoment(that)I sawher.我一看到她就认出她来了I wantto seehimtheminute(that)he arrives.他——至U来我就要见他I wenthome directlyI hadfinished work.我一干完活就回家了Once hearrives,we canstart.他一来我们就可以开始
(5)表示“上次”、“下次”、“每次”等的时间连词主要的有every time(每次),each time(每次),(the)next time(下次),any time(随时),(the)last time(上次),the firsttime(第一次)Last timeI sawhim,he lookedill.上次我见到他的时候,他好像有病Next timeyou re in Londoncome andvisit us.你下次来伦敦过来探望我们Do lookme upnext timeyou,reinLondon.你下次到伦敦来,一定来找我Every timeI callon him,he isout.我每次去访问他,他都不在You cancall meany timeyou wantto.你随时都可以给我打【注】every time,each time,any time前不用冠词,the nexttime,the lasttime中的冠词可以省略,而the firsttime中的冠词通常不能省略
2.引导条件状语从句的从属连词这类连词主要有if,unless,as[so]long as,in case等If anyonecalls tell them Im notat home.要是有人打来,就说我不在家You willfail unlessyou workhard.你若不努力就会失败As[So]long asyou needme,I11stay.只要你需要我,我就留下In caseT forget,please remindme aboutit.万一我忘记,请提醒我一下【注】在条件状语从句中,通常要用一般现在时表示将来意义,而不能直接使用将来时态不过,有时表示条件的if之后可能用will,但那不是将来时态,而是表示意愿或委婉的请求will为情态动词If youwill waita moment,I11fetch themoney.请等一下,我就去拿钱
3.引导目的状语从句的从属连词主要的有in orderthat,so that,in case,for fear等We usedthe computerin orderthat wemight savetime.我们使用计算机是为了节约时间Speak clearlyso thatthey mayunderstand you.说清楚,以便让他们能明白你的意思Be quietin caseyou shouldwake thebaby.安静些,免得把婴儿吵醒He isworking hardfor fearhe shouldfail.他努力工作以免会失败
4.引导结果状语从句的从属连词主要的有so that,so…that,such・・・that等We reall herenow,so thatthe meetingcan beginat last.我们现在都到齐了,终于能开会了It sso difficulta questionthat noneof uscan answerit.aB是一个很难的问题,我们没有一个人能回答He shutthe windowwith suchforce thatthe glassbroke.他关窗户用力很大,结果玻璃震破了【注】so that中的that在口语中通常可以省略
5.引导原因状语从句的从属连词主要的有because,as,since,seeing that,now that,consideringthat等He couldnt gotto schoolbecause hehad acold.他因患感冒而未能去上学Since everybodyis here,let sbegin ourdiscussion.大家都到了,我们就开始吧Seeing thatit is8o clock,we11wait nolonger.由于时间已到8点,我们将不再等了Now that you arehere,you dbetter stay.你既然来了,最好还是留下吧
6.引导让步状语从句的从属连词主要的有although,though,even though,even if,while,however,whatever,whoever,whenever,wherever等Although[Though]he ispoor,he iswell contented.他虽穷去口能知足常乐Though[Even though]it shard work,I enjoyit.尽管是苦活,但我乐意干Even ifyou don t likewine,try aglass ofthis.艮口使你不喜欢喝酒,也尝尝这杯吧While wedontagree wecontinue tobe friends.尽管我们意见不同,但我们还是朋友However youuse it,it wont break.不管你怎么使用,它都不会破Whatever yousay,I believeyou.无论你说什么,我都相信你Whoever telephones,tellthem『m out.不管是谁打,者B说我出去了Whenever youcome,you arewelcome.你什么时候来,我们都欢迎However muchhe eats,he nevergets fat.无论他吃多少,他都不发胖
7.引导方式状语从句的从属连词主要的有as,like,as if,as though,the way等Do itas[like]he does.像他那样做He behavedas ifnothing hadhappened.他装作若无其事的样子They treatme asthough Iwere astranger.他们待我如陌生人Nobody elseloves youthe way=as Ido.没有人像我这样爱你
8.引导地点状语从句的从属连词主要的有where,wherever,everywhere等There werelots ofparks whereI lived.我住的地方有许多公园Sit whereveryou like.你想坐在那儿就坐在那儿Everywhere theywent,they werewarmly welcomed.他6]每至U——个地方都受到热烈欢迎
9.引导比较状语从句的从属连词主要的有than和as…as:It seasier thanI thought.这比我想像的要容易They areas oftenwrong asthey areright.他们错对各半
10.引导名词性从句的从属连词主要的有that,if,whether:It isclear enoughwhat hemeant.他是什么意思很清楚Your greatestfault isthatyouare careless.你最大的缺点是粗心大意Whether itwill dous harmremains tobe seen.是否对我们有害还要看一看She didnt sayif hewas stillalive.她没说他是否还活着。
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