英语中宾语从句用法及例句总结

宾语从句用法及其例句宾语从句用法时态

1.主句用一般现在时,从句可用任意时态

2.主句用过去时，从句用过去某个时态

3.主句用过去时，从句是客观真理时，只用一般现在时

一、宾语从句的连接词从属连词连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,whether.that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句，if和whether引导表示“是否”的一般疑问句的宾语从句.He toldme that he wouldgo to the collegethe nextyear他告诉我他明年上大学.I dontknow ifthere willbe abus anymore.我不知道是否还会有公交车.Nobody knewwhether hecould passthe exam.没人知道他是否会通过考试.连接代词连接代词主要有who,whom,whose,what,whoever,whomever,whosever,whatever,whichever等.连接代词一般指疑问，但what,whatever除了指疑问外，也可以指陈述.Do you know whohas wonRed Alertgame你知道是谁赢得了红色警报的游戏？The bookwill showyou what the bestCEOs shouldknow.这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解些什么.Have youdetermined whicheveryou shouldbuy,a Motorolaor Nokiacell phone你决定好是买诺基亚还是摩托罗拉的电话了吗？连接副词连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等.He didnttell mewhen we should meetagain.他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面.Could you please tell me howyou usethe newpanel你能告诉我怎么用这个新的操作盘吗？None ofus knowswhere thesenew partscan bebought.why shecried last night.where she was going to study.which studentwas hispartner in the shortplay.if whetherTom couldplay basketballwith him that morning,how shemanagedto solvethe problem.why waterflows froma highposition toa lowerposition.在例子4中，当主句是过去时态时（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时），从句根据不同情况必须使用过去时态的一种，（大自然的现象和真理除外）5He iswanting to know whatI cancook fordinner,who brokethe windowyesterday.when Ican havea holiday.why Ifailed the exam yesterday.where I should havedinner withmy friendtonight,which book is thebest one.if whetherI havepassed theexam.how mycat escapedfrom theroom lastnight.在例子5中，当主语是现在时态时（一般现在时，现在进行时，一般将来时，现在完成时），从句可根据不同情况使用各种时态宾语从句必须用陈述语序AFalse:He iswondering whencan hefinish thisdifficult job.Right:He iswondering when he canfinish thisdifficult job.有时候可以用作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语从句放在后面B itBad:I thoughtthat hecould finish this jobin justtwo hoursimpossible.Good:I thoughtit impossiblethat hecould finish this jobin justtwo hours.Bad:He leftwhether weshould continuethis projectto my judgment.Good:He leftit to my judgmentwhether weshould continuethis project.带有宾语从句的复合句的否定形式一般是否定主句CBad:I think he doesntlike theEnglish teacher.Good:I dontthink he likes theEnglish teacher.主句一般过去时态，从句也要用过去时态；具体细节请看第一部分DFalse:He wantedto knowwhy heis cryingin thecorner.Right:He wantedto knowwhy he was cryingin thecorner.宾语从句的点点滴滴宾语从句是英语复合句中的其中非常重要的从句之一它是用一个句子做另一个句子的宾语，将这个句子叫做宾语从句宾语从句做介词或及物动词的宾语现在从下列三个方面总结归纳如下一，引导词A,由that引导的陈述句性的宾语从句，在很多动词如say,think,wish,hope,see,believe,agree,expect,hear,feel等动词后连词that只起连接作用，在从句中不做句子的成分，也无词汇意义，在口语中常被省略，但在大多数情况下还是以不省为好，特别是在笔语中例I toldhimthat he waswrong.I在think,believe,suppose,expect等动词引起的宾语从句中，有时谓语尽管是否定意义，却不用否定形式，而将think等动词变为否定形式例I dontthink you are right.（我认为你做的不对）I在许多带有复合宾语的句子中，that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子的后面，而用it做形式宾语例We think it wrongthat hetold alie toeveryone（我认为他向每一个人撒谎是错误的）B,由连词if、whether引导的表示“是否…”的宾语从句Whether,if在从句中不做句子的成分，一般情况下，whether和if可以替换例I dontknow if/whether hewill come tomorrow.The teacherasked if/whether wehad finishedthe experiment.I在介词后面的宾语从句中不用if引导例Everything dependson whether we haveenough moneyoI宾语从句中有or not时不用if引导.例I dontknow whetherthe moviestar will come or not.I和不定式连用作宾语时不用if引导.例Whether togo thereor nothasnt beendecided.C,由wh-引导的宾语从句连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,和连接副词when,where,why,how等连接的宾语从句，它们在句中即有连接从句的作用，又在句中充当句子的成分例Do youknow whichfilm theyare talking about（which做定语）I dontknow wherehe lives.（where做地点状语）二，宾语从句的语序，宾语从句从句的语序必须是陈述语序，即连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分例I believe that they will comesoon.He askedme whetherI was a teacher.They wantedto know what theycan dofor us.二，宾语从句的时态宾语从句的时态受主句的限制，既主句是一般现在时态，从句根据实际情况而定主句是一般过去时态，从句用相应的过去的时态如果从句的动作发生在主句之前，则从句要用过去完成时态例1She saysthat she is astudent.She said that shewasastudent.2She saysthat shewill flyto Japanin aweek.She said that she would flyto Japanin aweek.3She saysthat shehas finishedher homeworkalready.She saidthat she had finishedher homeworkalready.4She saysthat she can singa songin English.She saidthat shecould singa songin English.I如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时，这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态例The teachersaidthatthe earthgoes roundthe sun.He toldme thatJapan isan islandcountry.ICould youtell me...是用来征询对方的意见，语气委婉，并不表示过去例Could youtell mewhen we will visit the HisturyMuseum注意事项u由陈述句变成宾语从句时，要注意人称的变化例She said:I havebeen to England before.MShe saidthat she had beentoEnglandbefore.She askedme:Do youlike maths”She askedme ifI likedmaths.u宾语从句与简单句的交换由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句，如果宾语从句的主语和主句的主语是同一个人时，可以用“疑问词+不定式”做宾语的简单句结构例I dontknow whatIshoulddo next.I contknow whatto donext.He didnt know wherehe wouldlive.He didntknow whereto live.DO SOMEEXERCISES:

1.Can youseeA.what hesreading B.what is he readingC.what does he readD.he readswhat

2.Does Jackcome from Japan Do youknow合并成一个句子Do youknow JackfromJapan

3._What didyour sonsay in the letter_He toldme that he theDisney wouldthe nextday A.will visitB.has visitedC.is goingto visit D.would visit

4.He didn5t knowA.whafs the matter B.what thematter isC.what wasthematterD.what thematter was

5.Somebody calledyou justnow,but Ididnt knowA.who werethey B.who theywereC.who wasitD.who itwas

6.1want to knowA.what ishis nameB.whafs hisnameC.that hisname isD.what hisname is

7.—Could youtellmesheis looking for-Her cousin,susan.A.that B.whose C.who D.which

8.—What are you searchingthe Internetfor-rm tryingto find out.A.What isthe differencebetween SARSand BIRDFLUB.How manypersons havedied inIraqC.How toprotect ourenvironmentD.Why isour Chineseteam beable to beat Korea

9.Do youknow（谁正在唱歌）

10.Do youknow（她正在和谁谈话）

11.Do youknow（昨天发生了什么事）The keys:1A.2if,comes.3D.4C.5D.6D.7C.8B9who issinging10who sheis talkingwith11what happenedyesterday没有人知道这些的新的零件能在哪里买到.

二、动词的宾语从句大多数动词都可以带宾语从句We allexpect thattheyw川win,for membersof theirteam arestrong er.我们都预料他们会赢，因为他们的队员更强壮.He toldus thatthey wouldhelp usthrough thewhole work.他告诉我们在整个工作中，他们都会帮忙的.部分“动词+副词”结构也可以带宾语从句I havefound outthat allthe ticketsfor theconcert havebeen soldout.我发现这场音乐会的所有票都卖光了.Can youwork outhow muchwewillspend duringthe trip你能计算出这次旅行我们将花费多少钱吗？动词短语也可以带宾语从句常见的这些词有make sure确保make upones mind下决心keep inmind牢记Make surethat thereare nomistakes inyour papersbefore youturn them in.在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误.可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句

①动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候，则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.I thinkit necessarythat wetake plentyof hotwater every day.我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的.I feelit apity that I haven5t beento theget-together.我没去聚会，感觉非常遗憾.I havemade ita rulethatIkeep diaries.我每天写日记成了习惯.We allfind itimportant that weshouldmake aquick decisionabout this mater.我们都认为对这件事马上做出决定很重要.

②有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语与从句前加it这类动词主要有:hate,take,owe,have,see to.I hateit whenthey withtheir mouthsfull offood.我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话.He willhave it that ourplan isreally practical.他会认为我们的计划确实可行.We takeit that you willagree with us.我们认为你会同意我们的.When youstart theengine,you mustsee toitthatcar is in neutral.开启发动机时，一定要使汽车的离合器处于空挡位置.

③若宾语从句是wh-类，则不可用it代替We allconsider whatyou saidto beunbelievable.我们都认为你所说的是不可信的.We discoveredwhat wehad learnedtobevaluable.我们发现我们所学到的东西都是有用的.

三、介词的宾语从句用wh•类的介词宾语从句We aretalkingaboutwhether weadmit studentsinto ourclub.我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部.The newbookisabout howShenzhou6manned spaceshipwas sentupintospace.这本新书是关于神州6号载人航天飞船是如何升入太空的.用thatjf引导的介词宾语从句有时候except,but,besides三个介词后可见到that引导的宾语从句I knownothing aboutmy newneighbor exceptthat heused towork with acompany.对于我的新邻居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班，其他一无所知.

四、形容词的宾语从句常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有sure,certain glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,s5atisfied,surprisedI amsure Iwill passtheexam.我确信我会通过考试.I amsorry thatI havetroubled youso long.很抱歉我这么长时间在打扰你.He isglad thatLi Mingwent tosee himwhen hewas ill.他很高兴在他生病的时候李明能去看望他.

五、if,whether在宾语从句中的区别

①if和whether在作“是否”解时，引导宾语从句常放在动词know,ask,care,wonder,findout等之后，介词后一般不用if

②少数动词，如:leave,put,discuss,doubt后的宾语从句常用whether.

③whether后可以加or not/旦是if不可以.4在不定式前只能用whether.（如I cantdecide whetherto stay.我不能决定是否留下）5避免歧异时，我们常用whether而不用if.

六、哪些宾语从句不可以省略引导词that当that作learn,suggest,explairijagree,wonder,prove,mean,state,feel,hold等动词的宾语时；当宾语从句较长时；当主语状语置于主句尾滨语从句之前时；当主语谓语动词（包括非谓语动词）与宾语从句之间有插入语时;当一个动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时，此时第一个that可以省略悌二个th at不可以省略；当宾语从句中的主语是this,that或this,that做主语的定语时；当宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时；当宾语从句的主语是非谓语动词或主语从句时;当主语中的谓语动词是固定词组时；当宾语从句有it做其先行词时；在直接引语中，转述分句把宾语从句隔开时.

七、宾语从句的否定转移宾语从句的反意疑问句主句的谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,espect,fancy,guess等，并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时，从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致.I dontthink hewillcometo my party,而不能说成I thinkhe wontcometomyparty.我认为他不会来我的舞会.I dontbelievethatman iskilled byJim,ishe我认为那个人不是Jim所杀的，是不是？如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的形容词或副词，其反义疑问句要用肯定形式.We findthat henever listenstotheteacher carefully,doeshe我们发现他从来不仔细听老师讲课，是不是？

八、宾语从句的时态和语序当主句为现在时或将来时，宾语从句的时态一般不受主句的时态所影响.当主句为过去时

①从句用一般过去时或过去进行时表示与主句谓语动词动作同时发生I onlyknew hewas studyingin awestern country,but Ididntknowwha tcountryhe was in.我只知道他当时在西方的一个国家读书，可不知道是哪个国家.He askedme ifI wasreading thestory TheOld Manand theSea whenhewasin.他问我他进来的时候我是否正在读vv老人与海〉，

②从句过去完成时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之前He toldme that hehadtold Maryabout the meeting already.他告诉我他已经把有关会议的事情告诉了Mary.

③从句谓语用过去将来时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之后The reporterasked ifthe governmentwould takenecessary measuresto putdownthe to-do.记者问政府是否会采取必要的措施镇压骚乱.如果从句是一个客观真理,那么从句的时态不根据主句的时态而变化The teachersaidthatthe moongoes aroundthe earthyesterday.老师昨天说月亮绕着地球转.当宾语从句的引导词是who,which,what,when,where,how,why等表疑问时，不能按正常语序安排,经常将这类引导词置于句首Who doyou thinkthe publicmight chooseas theirfavorite singerthis year你认为今年公众会选谁为他们最喜欢的歌手.『编辑本段1宾语从句（版本二）学习宾语从句要抓住三要素连接词、语序和时态1■连接词

1.从句为陈述句，常选择连接词that或将that省略，直接与主句相连

2.从句为一般疑问句，常选择连接词if或whether在whether...or not结构中不能用if替换

3.从句为特殊疑问句，常选择what,when,where,which,who,how等的疑问代、副词作连接词注意当为主语时，句式为谓语+其他who who+

2.判断时态情况

1.主句是一般现在时，从句为各种时态情况

2.主句是一般过去时，从句为各种相应过去时态注意从句描绘客观事实，用一般现在时eg

3.The teachertold thechildren thatthe sunround.A.was B.is C.were D.are

4.I believethat ourteam thebasketball match.A.win B.won C.will winD.wins

5.I dontknow tovisittheold man.A.whether B.if C.that D.who

6.The soldierssoon reachedwas oncean oldtemple thevillagers used asaschool.A.which;where B.what;which C.where;which D.what;where答选B,动词reach后接宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，where不可，which引导宾语从句时表疑问含义“哪一个…”而此句中并非疑问含义，不知道哪一座庙宇，而是用what从句表陈述含义，意“过去的一座旧庙宇”；temple后为对其修饰的定语从句,用关系代词which代替，并在从句中作动词used的宾语，use sth.as...“把...用作..・宾语从句用作宾语如Do youknow wherehe lives定语从句相当于一个形容词，用于修饰前面的名词如The studentwho answeredthe questionwas John.回答问题的学生是Joh n.This isthe manwhom heislookingfor.Do youknow thegirl whoisinred语法----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------〜〜〜〜〜〜〜

3.宾语从句的用法Lthat引导宾语从句无意义，不充当句子成分常省略但下列情况除外1介词宾语从句的that不省略2and连接的几个从句，第二个从句以后的从句的that不省略He toldme that hehadtwo sonsand thatthey bothhad goneto college.3在动词+it+宾语补足语+宾语从句结构中，that不省略I heardit saidthat hehad goneabroadWe foundit impossiblethat hecould finishit insuch ashort time

2.Whether,if引导宾语从句两词可互换，但是下列情形除外1whether从句中有ornot2whether从句做介词宾语Everything dependson whetheryou agreewithus

3.许多带复合宾语的句子，宾语从句经常移到句子后部，而用it做形式宾语结构常是主语+动词+it+形容词/名词等宾语补足语+宾语从句We thinkit wrongthat hetold alie toeveryone

4.宾语从句的语序要用陈述句语序False:He iswondering whencan hefinishthisdifficult job.Right:He iswondering whenhecanfinishthisdifficult job.B有时候可以用it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语从句放在后面Bad:I thoughtthat hecould finishthis jobin justtwo hoursimpossible.Good:I thoughtit impossiblethathecould finishthis jobin justtwo hours.Bad:He leftwhether weshould continuethis projecttomyjudgment.Good:He leftit tomyjudgmentwhetherweshould continuethis project.C带有宾语从句的复合句的否定形式一般是否定主句Bad:I thinkhe doesntlike theEnglish teacher.Good:I dontthinkhelikes theEnglish teacher.D主句一般过去时态，从句也要用过去时态；具体细节请看第一部分False:He wantedto knowwhy heis cryinginthecorner.Right:He wantedtoknowwhy hewas cryinginthecorner.［编辑本段1宾语从句版本三宾语从句，在复合句中作宾语，位于及物动词后eg.Tell himwhich classyouarein.Doyouknowwhathelikes注1主、从句时态一致主句谓语过去时，从句相应过去时；He answeredthathewas listeningto me.主句谓语现在时，从句时态任所需；eg.He saysthathewill leavea messageon mydesk.They knowthatheis workinghard.具体过去永不变，真理格言现在时；eg.He toldme thathewasborn in

1980.Father toldme thatpractice makesperfect.2否定前移，及完成反意问句在等动词后是艮宾语从句否think/believe/suppose/guess/imagine/expect定式时，应转移到主句上去，完成反意问句时,应与从句主、谓保持一致注否定前移的条件是，主句主语是第一人称eg.I dontthink youare right,areyouI dontbelieve theyhave finishedtheir workyet,have they3运用虚拟语气的情况在表示建议、suggest advise^propose;；要求、、demand desirerequest决定decide;命令、order commandrequire;坚决主张insist;等动词后跟宾语从句，用虚拟语气should+v.eg.I suggestedthat youshould studyhard.He orderedthat weshould goout atonce.4宾语从句后置情况如果宾语从句后有宾语补语，用作形式宾语，把宾语从句后置iteg.You maythinkitstrange thathe wouldlive there.5宾从中that不可省略的情况宾语从句常可省略，但在以下情况下不能省略thatA.当主句谓语动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时，可以省略第一个that,其他不能省略eg.I believethatyouhave doneyour bestand thatthings willget better.B.当it作形式宾语时eg.She madeit clearthat shehad nothingto dowith him.C.当宾语从句前置时eg.That ourteam w川win,I believe.［编辑本段1宾语从句版本

四一、定义和宾从例句分析宾语从句就是一个句子作动词或介词的宾语A作动词的宾语I heardthe news.主语谓语动词名词作宾语I heardthathewould comehere lateron.主语谓语动词一个句子作宾语…宾语从句B作介词的宾语He saidnothing aboutthe plan.主语谓语动词代词作动词的宾语介词名词作介词的宾语He saidnothing aboutwho brokethe windowlastnight.主语谓语动词代词作动词的宾语介词一个句子作介词的宾语

二、带有宾语从句的复合句的构成带有宾语从句的复合句就是用连接词把一个主句和一个宾语从句连接在一起连接词有that可省略，what,who,when,where,why,which,if,whether,how.1He suggestedthatweshould cleanthe corridoreveryday.宾语2He toldme thathewould leave Dalianairport at8pm.间接宾语直接宾语3He toldme wherehewasgoingtotravel thatsummer.间接宾语直接宾语4He wantedtoknowwhatthemanager hadsaid atthemeeting.who hadntpassed theexam.when shewouldleavethis building.。