英语被动语态总结

英语被动语态总结与练习

一、被动语态的构成形式.被动语态的基本时态变化1被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式，被动语态由过去分词”构成，随时态的变化而变化以为例，各种时态“be+be do的被动语态形式为过去分词一般现在时1am/is/are+done Visitorsare requestednot to touch theexhibits.现在完成时2has/have been doneAll thepreparations for the taskhave been completed,and wereready tostart.现在进彳亍时3am/is/are beingdone Anew cinemais beingbuilt here.——般过去时4was/were doneI wasgiven tenminutes todecide whetherI shouldreject theoffer.过去完成时5had beendone Bythe endof lastyear,another newgymnasium hadbeen completedin Beijing.过去进行时6was/were beingdone Ameeting wasbeing heldwhen I was there.一般将来时7shall/will bedone Hundredsof jobswill be lost ifthe factorycloses.过去将来时8should/would bedone Thenews wouldbe sentto thesoldiefs motheras soonas itarrived.将来完成口寸少用9shall/will have beendoneThe projectwill havebeencompletedbefore July.过去将来完成时少用10should/would havebeen doneHetold methat hisnew clotheswould havebeen madevery soon.被动语态的特殊结构形式

2.带情态动词的被动结构其形式为情态动词+过去分词1be+The babyshould betaken goodcare ofby thebaby-sitter.有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在2谓语后面通常变为主语的是间接宾语可改为His mothergave hima presentfor hisbirthday.He wasgiven apresent byhis motherfor hisbirthday.当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动3可改为Someone caughtthe boysmoking acigarette.The boywas caughtsmoking acigarette.在使役动词以及感官动词等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结4have,make,get see,watch,notice,hear,feel,observe构中不定式要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加toto可改为Someone sawa strangerwalk into the building.A strangerwas seento walkinto thebuilding.有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词+介词”，“动词+副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作5一个整体，不能分开其中的介词或副词也不能省略The meetingis to be putoff tillFriday.非谓语动词的被动语态

3.形式及不定式也有被动语态一般时态和完成时态v.+ing to do Idont likebeing laughedat in the public.

二、如何使用被动语态学习被动语态时，不仅要知道被动语态的各种语法结构，还要知道在哪些情况中使用被动语态讲话者不知道动作的执行者或不必说出动作的执行者这时可省短语

1.by Mybike wasstolen lastnight..借助被动的动作突出动作的执行者2Iwasgiven tenminutes todecide whetherI shouldaccept theoffer..为了更好地安排句子3一个主语就够了The well-known persongot onthe busand wasimmediately recognizedby people.

四、谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义英语中有很多动词如等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主

1.break,catch,clean,drive,lock,open,sell,read,write,wash语特征时，常用其主动形式表达被动意义，主语通常是物This kindof clothwashes well.注意主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响试比较The doorwont lock.（指门本身有毛病）The doorwonft belocked.（指不会有人来锁门，指“门没有锁”是人的原因）表示“发生、进行”的不及物动词和短语，如

2.happen,last,take place,break out,come out,come about,come true,run out,等以主动形式表示被动意义这些报纸是如何引出来的呢？系动词没give out,turn outHow dothe newspaperscome out

3.有被动形式，但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义feel,sound,taste,book,feelYour reasonsounds reasonable.

五、非谓语动词的主动形式表被动意义在某些句型中可用动名词和不定式的主动形式表被动意义在等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式

1.need,want,require,bear The（）.这房子需要修理house needsrepairing to be repaired形容词后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义，但不能跟动词不定式；而后面跟动词不定式的被动形式

2.worth worthy（）The picture-book iswell worthreading.=The picture-book isvery worthytoberead.动词不定式在名词后面作定语，不定式和名词之间有动宾关系时，又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系，不定

3.式的主动形式表示被动含义（与是动宾关系，与是主谓关系）试比较I have a lotof thingsto dothis afternoon.to dothings I（此处用不定式的被动语态作定语表明不是动作的执行者）ril go to thepost office.Do youhavea letter tobe postedyou post在某些“形容词+不定式”做表语或宾语补足语的结构中，句子的主语或宾语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时，这时常

4.用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义这些形容词有等nice,easy,fit,hard,difficult,important,impossible,pleasant,interesting例（可看作省略了）This problemis difficultto workout.to workout forme.在.结构中，不定式前面可加逻辑主语，所以应用主动形式表示被动意义

5.too…to..（）This bookis tooexpensive forme tobuy.在…句型中，当动词不定式修饰名词作定语时，不定式用主动式作定语，重点在人，用被动形式作定语,重点

6.there be在物例（）.（用可看成；用谁不明确）在There isno timeto lose tobelost tolose forus tolosetobelost,lost time

7.结构中的一些不定式通常应用主动表主动,被动表被动然而，由于古英语的影响，下列动词等仍be todo rent,blame,let用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义Who is to blamefor startingthe fire

六、介词in,on,under等十名词构成介词短语表被动意义表示方位的介词与含动作意义的名词合用，含被动之义，其意义相当于该名词相应动词的被动形式，名词前一般不用冠词名词”结构，表示“某事在进行中”常见的有（受控制），（在治疗中），

1.“under+under controlunder treatmentunder（在修理中）,（在讨论中）（在施工中）repair underdiscussion,under construction（）The buildingis underconstruction is being constructed.

5.“in+名词”结构，表示“在・・・・・.过程中或范围内”常见的有inprint（在印刷中），insight（在视野范围内），等（）The bookis notyet inprint.=is notyet printed（）

1.The OlympicGames everyfour years.A areheld Bwere heldC.are holdingD.will hold（）

2.In theart show,a lotof enjoymentto foreignfriends bythe Chinesepaintings.A.is givingB isgiven Cwill giveD hasgiven（）

3.Today Chineseis becomingmore and more popular.It in.many schoolsaround theworld.A.teaches B.is teachingC.has taughtD.is taught（）

4.Ba Jin,one of the greatestwriters in China,as PeoplesWriter

1.A.is regardedB.has regardedC.is regardingD.regards（）

5.Usually computersto searchthe Internet.A.use B.are usingC.are usedD.used

6.—Do youoften cleanyour classroom-Yes.Our classroomevery day.A.clean B.cleans C.is cleaned一

7.Did youhear thatwater inTai Lakesmelt terrible一Yes.In fact,it.Thafs allbecause ofthe peopleand thefactories around.A.polluted Bwas pollutedC haspolluted D.was po11ute

8.-Our environmentis gettingworse thanbefore.一保护Youre right.But thanksto EarthDay,people havedone moreand moreuseful thingsto protect^the earthsince EarthDay.A.is startedB.was startedC.has started

9.---1feel veryhappy thatI tobe thehost.—Congratulations!A.choose B.am chosenC.was chosenD.haven chosen

10.Many treesand flowersin our school lastyear,and theymade ourschool abeautiful garden.A.plant B.planted C.have plantedD.were planted

11.Some famouspaintings in the hallnext week.A.will showB.were shownC.is shownD.will beshown

12.A talkon developmentsin scienceand technologyin theschool hallnext week.A.given B.will begiven C.has beengiven D.gives

13.---Great changeshave takenplace in this city.---Right.Many moderntall buildingshavebeenthese days.A.turned upB.put upC.shown upD.fixed up

14.Twelve-year-olds shouldnot todrive inChina.A.allow B.be allowC.allowed D.be allowed一

15.Do youoften cleanyour classroom一Yes,our classroomevery day.A.clean B.cleans C.is cleanedD.Cleaned课后练习一

1.Susan,why areyou stillhere Theyare allready tostart.一Im sorry,but Iwhen to meet.A.dont tellB.didnt tellC.haven9t toldD.wasnt toldA.pull downB.will bepulled downC.will pulldown D.are pulleddown

3.---My watch.--Dont worry.Lefs goto theLostFound.A.is lostB.is brokenC.has foundD.has stopped

4.-Did yougotoSams weekendparty-No,I.A.am notinvited B.wasnt invitedC.havent invitedD.didnt invite

2.Many oldhouses aroundourschoolnext yearand alarge greenarea willappear.

5.—How oftenyour schoolsports meeting—Once a year.A.does;hold B.was;hold C.is;held D.did;holdA.sell B.sold C.is soldD.was sold明朝

6.On May30th,,one bowlin theMing dynastyattheprice of

30.36million HongKong dollars.

7.The Thousand-hand Guanyinbymany peopleas thebest performanceat CCTVsSpring FestivalEvening.A.has beenregardedB.are regardedC.has regardedD.regards

8.—Those eggsof differentcolors arevery beautiful.—Yes,they inHangzhou.A.painted B.were paintingC.were paintedD.had painted

9.---Dont litterthe ground,boy.Look atthe sign::“Rubbish into the dustbin.”一Sorry.A,has throwB,was throwC,must throwD,must bethrown

10.The29th OlympicGames_in Beijingin

2008.A.will holdB will be heldC.hold

11.The girlwas oftenheard happilyin herroom.A.sing B.to singC.singing D.sings

12.It isreported thatmore newteaching buildingsin ourschool inthe nextterm.A.will bebuilt B.was built C.has built D.will build

13.It isreported thatmore newteaching buildingsin ourschool inthe nextterm.A.will bebuilt B.was builtC.has builtD.will build

14.The sickboy tohospital bythe policeyesterday.A.is takenB.was takenC.takes D.took

15.—Its difficultforthevillage childrento crossthe riverfor school.-I thinka bridgeover theriver.A.was builtB.isbeingbuiltC.has beenbuiltD.should bebuilt

16.—David,turn offthe TVno oneis watchingit.—But itoff already!The musicis fromthe radio.A.so that,has beenturned B.when,has turnedC.if,has beenturned D.because,has turned

17.Usually Johnto schoolin hisfathers beautifulcar.A.has takenB.is takingC.is takenD.has beentaken

18.Dont putoff todays work fortomorrow.I mean,todaysworktoday.A.may doB.must doC.may bedone D.must bedone

19.-Look,what anold palace!It looksso great!—Yeah,it nearly800years ago.A.was buildingB.was builtC.has builtD.is built

20.Dont discussthe problemswith yourpartner unlessyou todo so.A.ask B.are askedC.will askD.willbeasked把下列句子改写成被动语态

1.They makemachines inthat factory.____________________________________

2.Every bodylikes thissong._______________________________________

3.He doesn*t showthe stampstome._____________________________________

4.People dontgrow riceinthewest ofJapan.

5.He oftenhelps Tomwhen Tomis introuble.

6.Do theworkers buildmany buildings____________________________________

7.Does Katesometimes breakglasses____________________________________

8.Do youalways sendaletterto MrHu_______________________________________

9.What doesthe teacheroften tellthe boystodo

10.How manydesks dothey buyevery term将下列句子变为被动语态，每空一词

1.We canfinish thework in two days.—The workintwodays.一

2.They producesilk inSuzhou.Silk inSuzhou.一

3.The childrenwill singan Englishsong.An Englishsong bythe children.

4.You needntdo itnow.—It byyou now.一

5.Lucy sentme aNew Year Card lastweek.A NewYearCardher by me lastweek.一

6.Peole usemetal formaking machines.Metal formaking machines.

7.He mademe dothat forhim.—1that forhim.

1.1have giventhis bookto thelibrary.—This booktothelibrary.一

9.Did theybuild abridge herea yearago abridge hereby themayearago一

10.Well puton anEnglish playin ourschool.An Englishplay onin ourschool.一

11.More andmore farmersbuy colourTV sets.Colour TVsets moreandmorefarmers.一

12.My brotheroften mendshis watch.His watchby mybrother.一

13.We mustwater theflowers every day.The flowersmust byus every day.一

14.They useknives forcutting things.Knives forcutting things.一

15.He madethe farmerswork for a long time.The farmersforalongtime.

16.Did hebreak the window yesterday—thewindowyesterday

17.They havesold outthe lightgreen dresses.—The lightgreen dressesout.一

18.We cleanthe classroomevery day.The classroomeveryday.

19.You must not planttrees invery dryearth.—Trees invery dryearth.一

20.You candig ahole inthe earth.A Holeintheearth.用动词的正确语态填空

1.The studentsoftentell totake careof theirdesks andchairs.

2.That playputon againsometime nextmonth.

3.The oldman isill.Hemust sendtothehospital.

4.Vegetables,eggs andfruitssell inthis shop.一

5.What aknifemake of-Itmake ofmetal andwood.

6.A Pianoconcertgive herelast Friday.

7.the magazinecantake outofthelibrary

8.The roomcleanbymeeveryday.

9.The starscansee inthe daytime.

10.Some flowerswaterby LiMing already.

11.These kindsof machinesmakein Japan.

12.Apples growinthisfarm.

13.Russian learnasthe secondlanguage bysome studentsinChina.

14.Planes,cars andtrains useby businesspeople fortravelling.

15.The cinemabuild in

1985.

16.The bikemustnotput here.

17.A beautifulhorse drawby Johnnext day.

18.This kindof machinecan madeby uncleWang.

19.Mr.Green opentwo newschool.

20.The PLAfound onAugust1st,

1927.。