高一英语必修第1册语法精讲③

语法精讲

③关系代词引导的限制性定语从句.限制性定语从句1概述在复合句中作定语，修饰主句或主句中某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句限制性定语从句是定语从句的分支限制性定语从句表现为在意义上是先行词不可缺少的定语,若省略，所修饰主句的内容就不完整或失去意义，和主句的关系十分密切，不可用逗号分开先行词是被定语从句修饰的名词或代词；关系词是引导定语从句的词，并代替先行词在从句中作一定的句子成分构成1I+先行词+关系词定语从句I作,用，I I IIII II连接主句和从到指代先行词在从句中充当句子成分定语从句的先行词及关系代词

2.先行词是定语从句修饰和限定的成分，从构成上而言，它可以是名词、代词、名词性短语和整个主句；从句子成分上而言，它可以是主句的主语、宾语、表语、补语和整个主句关系代词及其具体功用关系代词指代的先行词在从句中所作的成分主语、宾语、表语who指人指人宾语whomwhose指人或物定语指物主语、宾语、定语which主语、宾语、表语that指人或物❶God helpsthose who/that help themselves.上帝帮助自强的人©This is the factorywhich/that weonce visited.这是我们曾经参观过的工厂©There camea lotof children,most ofwhom Ididnt know.来了许多孩子，大多数我都不认识❹Thats the man whosehouse hasburned down.那就是那个房屋被烧毁的人［误区警示］在定语从句中作动词宾语时或介词后用不用口语中前无介词时可用1whom,who,whom或代替that who关系代词在从句中作宾语时，通常可以省略2❺The manwhom/who/that yousaw justnow isour manager.你刚才看见的男子是我们的经理既可以指人也可以指物，既可以说“某人的”，也可以说“某物的”3whose❻I dontwant to pay forthe bookwhose coveris lost.我不想为这本没有封面的书付款即学即练观察定语从句体会其作用

11.Do youknow the man that/who iswaiting outside

2.He showedme thephotos that/which hetook onhis tripto Xfan.

3.Simon isthe poorman whosecar hasbeen stolen.

①例句中的黑体词在定语从句中作,不可省略1

②例句中的黑体词在定语从句中作,可以省略2o

③例句中的黑体词在定语从句中作3找出下列定语从句中的先行词

④Is thisthe bookwhich yourfather boughtfor you

⑤Who isthe manthat isspeaking toyour mother

⑥They rushedover tohelptheman whosecar hadbroken down.用定语从句合并句子©This isthe house.Lu Xunonce livedin the house.f This isthehouse.

⑧The boy is Tom.The boyis studying in the classroom.f TheboyisTom.单句语法填空

⑨一Do youknow everyonecame tothe party—No,I dontknow theone youhad along talkwith.⑩I admiremy classmatesEnglish isgood.⑪The reportwill begiven tomorrowis importantto us.关系代词与的区别

3.that which用而不用的情况that which先行词是不定代词或被不定代词修饰1先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被其修饰2先行词前有等修饰3the very,the only先行词既有人也有物4先行词前有疑问代词时5which句型中，句子的主语是先行词而且又是指物的名词6there be先行词为主句的表语或关系代词在从句中作表语7用的情况which引导非限制性定语从句先行词和后面的定语从句被逗号隔开1剪纸可©Paper-cutting,which isa traditionalart formin ourcountry,dates fromthe HanDynasty.追溯到汉朝，它是我们国家的传统艺术形式在定语从句中作介词的宾语，且介词位于关系代词前时2❷This isthe bookfor whichI paidfive dollars.这就是我花美元买的那本书5［学法点拨］学习语法定语从句时，我们不要为太多的规则所累，要学会抓住其核心知识，如关系代词和的区别，我们不难发现，的用法多于因此我们只要谨记的特殊that whichthat which,which用法，自然就不会用错即学即练单句语法填空2

①Is thereanything Ican dofor you

②I like the verymethod sheuses tolearn English.3Who wasthe womanyou weretalking with

④Maybe youhave ahabit isdriving yourfamily crazy.

⑤In theend,she decidedto sellthehousewindows werealmost allbroken.

⑥Thisisthe mostinteresting storyI haveever read.

⑦Pm reallyinterested inall youhave said.©Here isthe bookabout Itold youyesterday.

⑨When peopletalk aboutthe citiesof China,the firstcomes intotheir mindis Beijing.⑩Tom hasthe goodqualities ofkindness andhonesty,is whathis parentsexpect.【随堂自测】语法专练（物种）

1.There arespecies aredisappearing everyday.

2.They alsohad asmall pondin theyraised fish.

3.On theedge ofthe jacket,there isa pieceof clothgives offlight inthe dark.

4.They werewell trainedby theirmasters hadgreat experiencewith caringforthese animals.

5..And Fvefound thatthe possibilitieslie withinbooks arelimitless.

6.With shiningdark eyes,he seemslikethekind ofkid wouldenjoy publicspeaking.

7.For example,there arehuge amountsof referencebooks Iam oftenconfused tochoosefrom.

8....Georgia diddecide todonate alarge bagof toysto alittle girlmother wasunabletopayfor herholiday dueto illness.

9.Kate,sister Ishared aroom withwhen wewere atcollege,has goneto workin Australia.

10.Many peoplelive alongthe coastmake aliving onfishing industry.语法精讲

③关系代词引导的限制性定语从句[即学即练1]

①主语

②宾语

③定语

④the book

⑤theman6theman©that/which LuXun oncelivedin

⑧that/who isstudyingintheclassroom

⑨who/that whom/who/that⑩whose@which/that[即学即练2]

①that

②that

③that@that/which

⑤whose©that

⑦that

⑧which

⑨that⑩which随堂自测

1.that

2.which

3.that/which

4.who/that

5.that

6.who/that

7.that/which

8.whose

9.whose

10.who/that。